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Jack Daniel’s is a brand of Tennessee whiskey. It is produced in Lynchburg, Tennessee, by the Jack Daniel Distillery, which has been owned by the Brown–Forman Corporation since 1956.

Packaged in square bottles, Jack Daniel’s «Black Label» Tennessee whiskey sold 12.5 million nine-liter cases in the fiscal year ending on April 30, 2017. Other brand variations, such as Tennessee Honey, Gentleman Jack, Tennessee Fire, and ready to drink (RTD) products brought the total to more than 16.1 million equivalent adjusted cases for the entire Jack Daniel’s family of brands.

Early life of Jasper Daniel[edit]

The Jack Daniel’s brand’s official website suggests that its founder, Jasper Newton «Jack» Daniel, was born in 1850 (his tombstone bears that date^[3]), but says his exact birth date is unknown.^[4] The company website says it is customary to celebrate his birthday in September.^[4] According to the Tennessee state library website in 2013, records list his birth date as September 5, 1846. It maintains that the 1850 birth date seems impossible since his mother died in 1847.^[3] In the 2004 biography Blood & Whiskey: The Life and Times of Jack Daniel, author Peter Krass said his investigation showed that Daniel was born in January 1849 (based on Jack’s sister’s diary, census records, and the date of death of Jack’s mother).^[5]

Jack was the youngest of 10 children born to his mother, Lucinda (Cook) Daniel, and father Calaway Daniel. After Lucinda’s death, his father remarried and had three more children.^[5] Calaway Daniel’s father, Joseph «Job» Daniel, had emigrated from Wales to the United States with his Scottish wife, the former Elizabeth Calaway.^[6] Jack Daniel’s ancestry included English, and Scots-Irish as well.^{[7][better source needed]}

Jack did not get along with his stepmother. After Daniel’s father died in the Civil War, the boy ran away from home and was essentially orphaned at a young age.^[8][5]

Career of Jasper Daniel[edit]

As a teenager, Daniel was taken in by Dan Call, a local lay preacher and moonshine distiller. He began learning the distilling trade from Call and his Master Distiller, Nathan «Nearest» Green, an enslaved African-American man. Green continued to work with Call after emancipation.^[8]

In 1875, on receiving an inheritance from his father’s estate (following a long dispute with his siblings), Daniel founded a legally registered distilling business with Call. He took over the distillery shortly afterward when Call quit for religious reasons.^[8][5] The brand label on the product says «Est. & Reg. in 1866», but his biographer has cited official registration documents, asserting that the business was not established until 1875.^[3][8]

After taking over the distillery in 1884, Daniel purchased the hollow and land where the distillery is now located.^[8][6] By the 1880s, Jack Daniel’s was one of 15 distilleries operating in Moore County, and the second-most productive behind Tom Eaton’s Distillery.^[9] He began using square-shaped bottles, intended to convey a sense of fairness and integrity, in 1897.^[8][5]

According to Daniel’s biographer, the origin of the «Old No. 7» brand name was the number assigned to Daniel’s distillery for government registration.^[8][5] He was forced to change the registration number when the federal government redrew the district, and he became Number 16 in district 5 instead of No. 7 in district 4. However, he continued to use his original number as a brand name, since the brand reputation had already been established.^[8][5] An entirely different explanation is given in the 1967 book Jack Daniel’s Legacy which states that the name was chosen in 1887 after a visit to a merchant friend in Tullahoma, who had built a chain of seven stores.^[10]

Jack Daniel’s had a surge in popularity after the whiskey received the gold medal for the finest whiskey at the 1904 St. Louis World’s Fair. However, its local reputation began to suffer as the temperance movement began gaining strength in Tennessee.^[8][5][6]

Jack Daniel never married and did not have any known children. He took his nephews under his wing – one of whom was Lemuel «Lem» Motlow (1869–1947).^[8][5] Lem, a son of Daniel’s sister, Finetta,^[6] was skilled with numbers. He soon took responsibility for the distillery’s bookkeeping.

In failing health, Jack Daniel gave the distillery to Lem Motlow and another nephew in 1907.^[8][5] Motlow soon bought out his partner, and went on to operate the distillery for about 40 years.

Tennessee passed a statewide prohibition law in 1910, effectively barring the legal distillation of Jack Daniel’s within the state. Motlow challenged the law in a test case that eventually worked its way to the Tennessee Supreme Court. The court upheld the law as constitutional.^[12][13]

Daniel died in 1911 from blood poisoning. An oft-told tale is that the infection began in one of his toes, which Daniel injured one early morning at work by kicking his safe in anger when he could not get it open (he was said to always have had trouble remembering the combination).^[14] But Daniel’s modern biographer has asserted that this account is not true.^[8][5]

Because of prohibition in Tennessee, the company shifted its distilling operations to St Louis, Missouri, and Birmingham, Alabama. None of the production from these locations was ever sold due to quality problems.^[15] The Alabama operation was halted following a similar statewide prohibition law in that state, and the St. Louis operation fell to the onset of nationwide prohibition following passage of the Eighteenth Amendment in 1920.

While the passage of the Twenty-first Amendment in 1933 repealed prohibition at the federal level, state prohibition laws (including Tennessee’s) remained in effect, thus preventing the Lynchburg distillery from reopening. Motlow, who had become a Tennessee state senator, led efforts to repeal these laws, which allowed production to restart in 1938. The five-year gap between national repeal and Tennessee repeal was commemorated in 2008 with a gift pack of two bottles, one for the 75th anniversary of the end of prohibition and a second commemorating the 70th anniversary of the reopening of the distillery.^[16]

The Jack Daniel’s distillery ceased operations from 1942 to 1946 when the U.S. government banned the manufacture of whiskey due to World War II. Motlow resumed production of Jack Daniel’s in 1947 after good-quality corn was again available.^[15] Motlow died the same year, bequeathing the distillery to his children, Robert, Reagor, Dan, Conner, and Mary, upon his death.^[17]

The company was later incorporated as «Jack Daniel Distillery, Lem Motlow, Prop., Inc.», allowing the company to continue to include Motlow in its tradition-oriented marketing. Likewise, company advertisements continue to use Lynchburg’s 1960s-era population figure of 361, though the city has since formed a consolidated city-county government with Moore County. Its official population is more than 6,000, according to the 2010 census.

The company was sold to the Brown–Forman Corporation in 1956.^[18]

The Jack Daniel’s Distillery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

In 2012, a Welshman, Mark Evans, claimed to have discovered the original recipe for Daniel’s whiskey,^[19] in a book written in 1853 by his great-great-grandmother. Her brother-in-law had emigrated to Tennessee.

Recent history[edit]

Lowering to 80 proof[edit]

Until 1987, Jack Daniel’s black label was historically produced at 90 U.S. proof (45% alcohol by volume).^[20] The lower-end green label product was 80 proof. However, starting in 1987, the other label variations also were reduced in proof. This began with black label being initially reduced to 86 proof. Both the black and green label expressions are made from the same ingredients; the difference is determined by professional tasters, who decide which of the batches would be sold under the «premium» black label, with the rest being sold as «standard» green label.

A further dilution began in 2002 when all generally available Jack Daniel’s products were reduced to 80 proof, thus further lowering production costs and excise taxes.^[21][22] This reduction in alcohol content, which was done without any announcement, publicity or change of logo or packaging,^[22] was noticed and condemned by Modern Drunkard Magazine, and the magazine formed a petition drive for drinkers who disagreed with the change.^[21] The company countered that it believed consumers preferred lower-proof products, and said that the change had not hurt the sales of the brand.^[21][22] The petition effort garnered some publicity and collected more than 13,000 signatures, but the company held firm with its decision.^[21] A few years later, Advertising Age said in 2005 that «virtually no one noticed» the change, and confirmed that sales of the brand had actually increased since the dilution began.^[22]

Jack Daniel’s has also produced higher-proof special releases and premium-brand expressions at times. A one-time limited run of 96 proof, the highest proof Jack Daniel’s had ever bottled at that time, was bottled for the 1996 Tennessee Bicentennial in a decorative bicentennial bottle. The distillery debuted its 94 proof «Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel» in February 1997. The Silver Select Single Barrel was formerly the company’s highest proof at 100, but is available only in duty-free shops. Now, there are ‘single barrel barrel proof’ editions, ranging from 125 to 140 proof.

Sales and brand value status[edit]

Jack Daniel’s Black Label Tennessee Whiskey is the best-selling whiskey in the world^[23] and remains the flagship product of Brown–Forman Corporation. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2017, the product had sales of 12.5 million cases.^[24] Underlying net sales for the Jack Daniel’s brand grew by 3% (−1% on a reported basis).^{[clarification needed]} Other brand variations, such as Tennessee Honey, Gentleman Jack, and Tennessee Fire, added another 2.9 million cases to sales. Sales of an additional 800,000 equivalent cases in ready to drink (RTD) products brought the fiscal year total to more than 16.1 million equivalent adjusted cases for the entire Jack Daniel’s family of brands.^[1]

Tennessee Honey and Tennessee Fire were also solid contributors to the total underlying net sales growth of 3% (flat on a reported basis) for the Jack Daniel’s family of brands. They grew underlying net sales by 4% and 14% (3% and 18% on a reported basis), respectively. Premium brand Gentleman Jack grew underlying net sales mid-single digits, while the RTD/RTP segment increased underlying net sales by 6% (3% on a reported basis).^[1]

In the IWSR 2013 World Class Brands rankings of wine and spirits brands, Jack Daniel’s was ranked third on the global level.^[25] More recently, in 2017, it ranked at number 16 on the IWSR’s Real 100 Spirits Brands Worldwide list.^[26] Additionally, the brand evaluation consultancy Intangible Business ranked Jack Daniel’s fourth on its Power 100 Spirits and Wine list in both 2014 and 2015.^[27][28]

[edit]

From 2006 until 2015, Jack Daniel’s sponsored V8 Supercar teams Perkins Engineering and Kelly Racing.^[29] Jack Daniel’s also sponsored the Richard Childress Racing 07 car (numbered after the «Old No. 7») in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series from 2005 to 2009, beginning with driver Dave Blaney and soon moving to Clint Bowyer.^[30] Jack Daniel’s also sponsors Zac Brown Band’s tours.

Master distillers[edit]

Former Master Distillers include Nathan «Nearest» Green (1875–81),^[31] Jess Motlow (1911–41), Lem Tolley (1941–64), Jess Gamble (1964–66), and Frank Bobo (1966–92).^[32]

Jimmy Bedford held the position for 20 years.^[33] Bedford retired in mid-2008 after being the subject of a $3.5 million sexual harassment lawsuit against the company that ended in an out-of-court settlement, and he died on August 7, 2009, after suffering a heart attack at his home in Lynchburg.^[33][34]

Jeff Arnett, a company employee since 2001, became Master Distiller in 2008. On September 3, 2020, Arnett announced that he was stepping down from the company.^[35] On April 20, 2021, he announced that he and partners were opening Company Distilling, a new whiskey distillery, near the Great Smokey Mountains.^[36]

Chris Fletcher became the 8th Master Distiller in 2020 after serving as Assistant Master Distiller for six years prior. Fletcher is the grandson of former Master Distiller, Frank Bobo.^[37]

Tennessee Squires[edit]

A Tennessee Squire is a member of the Tennessee Squire Association, which was formed in 1956 to honor special friends of the Jack Daniel’s distillery.^[38] Many prominent business and entertainment professionals are included among the membership, which is obtained only through recommendation of a current member. Squires receive a wallet card and deed certificate proclaiming them as «owner» of an unrecorded plot of land at the distillery and an honorary citizen of Moore County, Tennessee.^[39]

Production process[edit]

The mash for Jack Daniel’s is composed of 80% corn, 12% rye, and 8% malted barley, and is distilled in copper stills.^[40] It is then filtered through 10-foot (3.0 m) stacks of sugar maple charcoal.^[41] The company refers to this filtering step as «mellowing». This extra step, known as the Lincoln County Process, removes impurities and the taste of corn.^[6][42] The company argues this extra step makes the product different from bourbon. However, Tennessee whiskey is required to be «a straight Bourbon Whiskey» under terms of the North American Free Trade Agreement^[43] and Canadian law.^[44] A distinctive aspect of the filtering process is that the Jack Daniel’s brand grinds its charcoal before using it for filtering.^[45] After the filtering, the whiskey is stored in newly handcrafted oak barrels, which give the whiskey its color and most of its flavor.^[41]

The product label mentions that it is a «sour mash» whiskey, which means that when the mash is prepared, some of the wet solids from a previously used batch are mixed in to help make the fermentation process operate more consistently. This is common practice in American whiskey production. (As of 2005, all straight bourbon is produced using the sour mash process.^[46])

Prior to 2014, the company’s barrels were produced by Brown-Forman in Louisville, Kentucky. That year, the company opened a new cooperage in Trinity, Alabama.^[47][48]

Legal status[edit]

On a state level, Tennessee has imposed stringent requirements. To be labeled as Tennessee whiskey, it is not enough under state law that the whiskey be produced in Tennessee; it must meet quality and production standards. These are the same standards used by Jack Daniel’s Distillery, and some other distillers are displeased with the requirements being enshrined into law.^[49][50]

On May 13, 2013, Tennessee Governor Bill Haslam signed House Bill 1084, requiring the Lincoln County process to be used for products produced in the state labeling themselves as «Tennessee Whiskey», with a particular exception tailored to exempt Benjamin Prichard’s, and including the existing requirements for bourbon.^[50][51] As federal law requires statements of origin on labels to be accurate, the Tennessee law effectively gives a firm definition to Tennessee whiskey, requiring Tennessee origin, maple charcoal filtering by the Lincoln County process prior to aging, and the basic requirements of bourbon (at least 51% corn, new oak barrels, charring of the barrels, and limits on alcohol by volume concentration for distillation, aging, and bottling).

In 2014, legislation was introduced in the Tennessee legislature that would modify the 2013 law to allow the reuse of oak barrels in the Tennessee whiskey aging process. Jack Daniel’s Master Distiller Jeff Arnett vehemently opposed the legislation, arguing the reuse of barrels would require the use of artificial colorings and flavorings, and would render Tennessee whiskey an inferior product to Scotch and bourbon.^[52]

The company was the subject of a proposal to locally surtax its product in 2011. It was claimed that the distillery, the main employer in a company town, had capitalized on the bucolic image of Lynchburg, Tennessee, and it ought to pay a tax of $10 per barrel. The company responded that such a tax is a confiscatory imposition penalizing it for the success of the enterprise.^[53] The proposed tax faced a vote by the Metro Lynchburg-Moore County Council and was defeated 10–5.^[54]

Moore County, where the Jack Daniel’s distillery is located, is one of the state’s many dry counties. While it is legal to distill the product within the county, it is illegal to purchase it there.^{[55][failed verification]} However, a state law has provided one exception: a distillery may sell one commemorative product, regardless of county statutes.^[56] Jack Daniel’s now sells Gentleman Jack, Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel, the original No. 7 blend (in a commemorative bottle), and a seasonal blend (on rotation) at the distillery’s White Rabbit Bottle Shop.

Labels[edit]

• Old No. 7, also known as «Black Label»: this is the original Jack Daniel’s label (80 proof/40% ABV; previously 90 proof/45% ABV until 1987).
• Gentleman Jack: Charcoal filtered twice, compared to once with Old No. 7 (80 proof/40% ABV)
• Single Barrel: Whiskey sourced from a single barrel in the company’s warehouse (94 proof/47% ABV)
• Tennessee Honey: Honey liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV)
• Tennessee Fire: Cinnamon liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV)
• Tennessee Apple: Apple liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV)
• Tennessee Rye: (90 proof/45% ABV)
• Green Label: A lighter-bodied bottling of Old No. 7, not available everywhere (80 proof/40% ABV)
• 1907: A lighter, slightly sweeter bottling of Old No. 7, from the cooler areas of the warehouse and sold in the Australian market (74 proof/37% ABV)
• Silver Select: For export only (100 proof/50% ABV).
• Winter Jack: Seasonal blend of apple cider liqueur and spices (30 proof/15% ABV)^[57]
• No. 27 Gold: Limited release (80 proof/40% ABV)
• Sinatra Select: Tribute to Jack’s biggest fan: Mr. Frank Sinatra (90 proof / 45% ABV)
• Sinatra Century: Honors the 100th birthday of Frank Sinatra (100 proof / 50% ABV); Limited Edition
• Single Barrel Barrel Proof (125–140 proof / 62.5–70% ABV, depending on the bottle you get)
• Single Barrel Rye: a permanent line extension and the brand’s first fully matured rye whiskey, launched 2016 (94 proof/47% ABV)^[58]
• Single Barrel Select Eric Church Edition (94 proof/47% ABV)
• Bottled-In-Bond only on military bases (100 proof/50% ABV)

Distillery[edit]

The Jack Daniel Distillery in Lynchburg is situated in and around a hollow known as «Stillhouse Hollow» or «Jack Daniel’s Hollow», where a spring flows from a cave at the base of a limestone cliff. The limestone removes iron from the water, making it ideal for distilling whiskey (water heavy in iron gives whiskey a bad taste).^[6] The spring feeds into nearby East Fork Mulberry Creek, which is part of the Elk River watershed. Some 1.9 million barrels containing the aging whiskey are stored in several dozen barrelhouses, some of which adorn the adjacent hilltops and are visible throughout Lynchburg.^[41]

The distillery is a major tourist attraction, drawing more than a quarter of a million visitors annually.^[41] The visitor center, dedicated in June 2000, contains memorabilia related to the distillery and a gift shop. Paid tours of the distillery are conducted several times per day and a premium sampling tour is also offered.^[59]

In February 2016, a $140 million expansion was announced for the distillery, including a plan to expand the visitors center and add two more barrel houses.^[60]

Cocktails[edit]

• Jack Daniel’s is the alcoholic component of «Jack and Coke», a common variant of a cocktail also known as Bourbon and Coke.^[61] In January 2016, Food and Beverage magazine dubbed the drink «The Lemmy» in honor of singer and bassist from the band Motörhead, Lemmy Kilmister, who died in December 2015, as it was his regular drink.^[62]
• Jack Daniel’s is also the alcoholic component of «Lynchburg Lemonade».^[63]
• Jack Daniel’s is a common choice for the Tennessee Whiskey component of the «Three Wise Men».

Gallery[edit]

• 

  Grain mill at Jack Daniel’s Distillery

• 

  Whiskey barrels in the distillery

• 

  Inside the barrels

Cultural references[edit]

Notable drinkers of Jack Daniel’s[edit]

• Frank Sinatra was a Jack Daniel’s drinker. He was buried with a bottle of Jack Daniel’s in 1998.^[64]
• Lemmy Kilmister of Motörhead cited Jack Daniel’s as his drink of choice. Often in media appearances he would be seen drinking Jack Daniel’s and Coke, and he reportedly drank a whole bottle every day for 38 years.^[65]

Cover art[edit]

• The cover of Mel McDaniel’s 1980 album I’m Countryfied featured a design based on the label of Jack Daniel’s whiskey.
• The cover of Patrick Wensink’s book Broken Piano for President featured a design based on the label of Jack Daniel’s whiskey, which resulted in a cease-and-desist letter from the company.^[66] However, the whiskey company said it could be done upon the book’s next reprinting and it would compensate the author if he chose to comply during the current run.^[67]
• The cover of The Dirt: Confessions of the World’s Most Notorious Rock Band, an autobiography collectively written by the members of the rock band Mötley Crüe, includes a bottle design based on that of Jack Daniel’s whiskey.
• The Charlie Daniels Band album Way Down Yonder depicts bottles of Jack Daniel’s on its cover art.

See also[edit]

• Outline of whisky
• List of historic whisky distilleries
• Major competitor brands
  • George Dickel, the other major brand of Tennessee whiskey, produced by Diageo PLC (introduced in 1964)
  • Jim Beam, the largest-selling Kentucky bourbon whiskey, produced by Beam Suntory (introduced in 1933)
  • Evan Williams, another high-selling brand of Kentucky bourbon whiskey, produced by Heaven Hill (introduced in 1957)
• Sister brands produced by Brown–Forman
  • Old Forester, a historically important brand of Kentucky bourbon whiskey (introduced in 1870)
  • Woodford Reserve, a newer premium brand of Kentucky bourbon whiskey (introduced in 1996)

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• McCarley, Daniel J (2011). Jack Daniel’s: The Unofficial Bottle Collector’s Guide — Volume 1. ISBN 978-0-578-09069-6.

External links[edit]

• Official website

Coordinates: 35°17′6″N 86°22′5″W / 35.28500°N 86.36806°W

Jack Daniel’s is a brand of Tennessee whiskey. It is produced in Lynchburg, Tennessee, by the Jack Daniel Distillery, which has been owned by the Brown–Forman Corporation since 1956.

Packaged in square bottles, Jack Daniel’s «Black Label» Tennessee whiskey sold 12.5 million nine-liter cases in the fiscal year ending on April 30, 2017. Other brand variations, such as Tennessee Honey, Gentleman Jack, Tennessee Fire, and ready to drink (RTD) products brought the total to more than 16.1 million equivalent adjusted cases for the entire Jack Daniel’s family of brands.

Early life of Jasper Daniel[edit]

The Jack Daniel’s brand’s official website suggests that its founder, Jasper Newton «Jack» Daniel, was born in 1850 (his tombstone bears that date^[3]), but says his exact birth date is unknown.^[4] The company website says it is customary to celebrate his birthday in September.^[4] According to the Tennessee state library website in 2013, records list his birth date as September 5, 1846. It maintains that the 1850 birth date seems impossible since his mother died in 1847.^[3] In the 2004 biography Blood & Whiskey: The Life and Times of Jack Daniel, author Peter Krass said his investigation showed that Daniel was born in January 1849 (based on Jack’s sister’s diary, census records, and the date of death of Jack’s mother).^[5]

Jack was the youngest of 10 children born to his mother, Lucinda (Cook) Daniel, and father Calaway Daniel. After Lucinda’s death, his father remarried and had three more children.^[5] Calaway Daniel’s father, Joseph «Job» Daniel, had emigrated from Wales to the United States with his Scottish wife, the former Elizabeth Calaway.^[6] Jack Daniel’s ancestry included English, and Scots-Irish as well.^{[7][better source needed]}

Jack did not get along with his stepmother. After Daniel’s father died in the Civil War, the boy ran away from home and was essentially orphaned at a young age.^[8][5]

Career of Jasper Daniel[edit]

As a teenager, Daniel was taken in by Dan Call, a local lay preacher and moonshine distiller. He began learning the distilling trade from Call and his Master Distiller, Nathan «Nearest» Green, an enslaved African-American man. Green continued to work with Call after emancipation.^[8]

In 1875, on receiving an inheritance from his father’s estate (following a long dispute with his siblings), Daniel founded a legally registered distilling business with Call. He took over the distillery shortly afterward when Call quit for religious reasons.^[8][5] The brand label on the product says «Est. & Reg. in 1866», but his biographer has cited official registration documents, asserting that the business was not established until 1875.^[3][8]

After taking over the distillery in 1884, Daniel purchased the hollow and land where the distillery is now located.^[8][6] By the 1880s, Jack Daniel’s was one of 15 distilleries operating in Moore County, and the second-most productive behind Tom Eaton’s Distillery.^[9] He began using square-shaped bottles, intended to convey a sense of fairness and integrity, in 1897.^[8][5]

According to Daniel’s biographer, the origin of the «Old No. 7» brand name was the number assigned to Daniel’s distillery for government registration.^[8][5] He was forced to change the registration number when the federal government redrew the district, and he became Number 16 in district 5 instead of No. 7 in district 4. However, he continued to use his original number as a brand name, since the brand reputation had already been established.^[8][5] An entirely different explanation is given in the 1967 book Jack Daniel’s Legacy which states that the name was chosen in 1887 after a visit to a merchant friend in Tullahoma, who had built a chain of seven stores.^[10]

Jack Daniel’s had a surge in popularity after the whiskey received the gold medal for the finest whiskey at the 1904 St. Louis World’s Fair. However, its local reputation began to suffer as the temperance movement began gaining strength in Tennessee.^[8][5][6]

Jack Daniel never married and did not have any known children. He took his nephews under his wing – one of whom was Lemuel «Lem» Motlow (1869–1947).^[8][5] Lem, a son of Daniel’s sister, Finetta,^[6] was skilled with numbers. He soon took responsibility for the distillery’s bookkeeping.

In failing health, Jack Daniel gave the distillery to Lem Motlow and another nephew in 1907.^[8][5] Motlow soon bought out his partner, and went on to operate the distillery for about 40 years.

Tennessee passed a statewide prohibition law in 1910, effectively barring the legal distillation of Jack Daniel’s within the state. Motlow challenged the law in a test case that eventually worked its way to the Tennessee Supreme Court. The court upheld the law as constitutional.^[12][13]

Daniel died in 1911 from blood poisoning. An oft-told tale is that the infection began in one of his toes, which Daniel injured one early morning at work by kicking his safe in anger when he could not get it open (he was said to always have had trouble remembering the combination).^[14] But Daniel’s modern biographer has asserted that this account is not true.^[8][5]

Because of prohibition in Tennessee, the company shifted its distilling operations to St Louis, Missouri, and Birmingham, Alabama. None of the production from these locations was ever sold due to quality problems.^[15] The Alabama operation was halted following a similar statewide prohibition law in that state, and the St. Louis operation fell to the onset of nationwide prohibition following passage of the Eighteenth Amendment in 1920.

While the passage of the Twenty-first Amendment in 1933 repealed prohibition at the federal level, state prohibition laws (including Tennessee’s) remained in effect, thus preventing the Lynchburg distillery from reopening. Motlow, who had become a Tennessee state senator, led efforts to repeal these laws, which allowed production to restart in 1938. The five-year gap between national repeal and Tennessee repeal was commemorated in 2008 with a gift pack of two bottles, one for the 75th anniversary of the end of prohibition and a second commemorating the 70th anniversary of the reopening of the distillery.^[16]

The Jack Daniel’s distillery ceased operations from 1942 to 1946 when the U.S. government banned the manufacture of whiskey due to World War II. Motlow resumed production of Jack Daniel’s in 1947 after good-quality corn was again available.^[15] Motlow died the same year, bequeathing the distillery to his children, Robert, Reagor, Dan, Conner, and Mary, upon his death.^[17]

The company was later incorporated as «Jack Daniel Distillery, Lem Motlow, Prop., Inc.», allowing the company to continue to include Motlow in its tradition-oriented marketing. Likewise, company advertisements continue to use Lynchburg’s 1960s-era population figure of 361, though the city has since formed a consolidated city-county government with Moore County. Its official population is more than 6,000, according to the 2010 census.

The company was sold to the Brown–Forman Corporation in 1956.^[18]

The Jack Daniel’s Distillery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

In 2012, a Welshman, Mark Evans, claimed to have discovered the original recipe for Daniel’s whiskey,^[19] in a book written in 1853 by his great-great-grandmother. Her brother-in-law had emigrated to Tennessee.

Recent history[edit]

Lowering to 80 proof[edit]

Until 1987, Jack Daniel’s black label was historically produced at 90 U.S. proof (45% alcohol by volume).^[20] The lower-end green label product was 80 proof. However, starting in 1987, the other label variations also were reduced in proof. This began with black label being initially reduced to 86 proof. Both the black and green label expressions are made from the same ingredients; the difference is determined by professional tasters, who decide which of the batches would be sold under the «premium» black label, with the rest being sold as «standard» green label.

A further dilution began in 2002 when all generally available Jack Daniel’s products were reduced to 80 proof, thus further lowering production costs and excise taxes.^[21][22] This reduction in alcohol content, which was done without any announcement, publicity or change of logo or packaging,^[22] was noticed and condemned by Modern Drunkard Magazine, and the magazine formed a petition drive for drinkers who disagreed with the change.^[21] The company countered that it believed consumers preferred lower-proof products, and said that the change had not hurt the sales of the brand.^[21][22] The petition effort garnered some publicity and collected more than 13,000 signatures, but the company held firm with its decision.^[21] A few years later, Advertising Age said in 2005 that «virtually no one noticed» the change, and confirmed that sales of the brand had actually increased since the dilution began.^[22]

Jack Daniel’s has also produced higher-proof special releases and premium-brand expressions at times. A one-time limited run of 96 proof, the highest proof Jack Daniel’s had ever bottled at that time, was bottled for the 1996 Tennessee Bicentennial in a decorative bicentennial bottle. The distillery debuted its 94 proof «Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel» in February 1997. The Silver Select Single Barrel was formerly the company’s highest proof at 100, but is available only in duty-free shops. Now, there are ‘single barrel barrel proof’ editions, ranging from 125 to 140 proof.

Sales and brand value status[edit]

Jack Daniel’s Black Label Tennessee Whiskey is the best-selling whiskey in the world^[23] and remains the flagship product of Brown–Forman Corporation. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2017, the product had sales of 12.5 million cases.^[24] Underlying net sales for the Jack Daniel’s brand grew by 3% (−1% on a reported basis).^{[clarification needed]} Other brand variations, such as Tennessee Honey, Gentleman Jack, and Tennessee Fire, added another 2.9 million cases to sales. Sales of an additional 800,000 equivalent cases in ready to drink (RTD) products brought the fiscal year total to more than 16.1 million equivalent adjusted cases for the entire Jack Daniel’s family of brands.^[1]

Tennessee Honey and Tennessee Fire were also solid contributors to the total underlying net sales growth of 3% (flat on a reported basis) for the Jack Daniel’s family of brands. They grew underlying net sales by 4% and 14% (3% and 18% on a reported basis), respectively. Premium brand Gentleman Jack grew underlying net sales mid-single digits, while the RTD/RTP segment increased underlying net sales by 6% (3% on a reported basis).^[1]

In the IWSR 2013 World Class Brands rankings of wine and spirits brands, Jack Daniel’s was ranked third on the global level.^[25] More recently, in 2017, it ranked at number 16 on the IWSR’s Real 100 Spirits Brands Worldwide list.^[26] Additionally, the brand evaluation consultancy Intangible Business ranked Jack Daniel’s fourth on its Power 100 Spirits and Wine list in both 2014 and 2015.^[27][28]

[edit]

From 2006 until 2015, Jack Daniel’s sponsored V8 Supercar teams Perkins Engineering and Kelly Racing.^[29] Jack Daniel’s also sponsored the Richard Childress Racing 07 car (numbered after the «Old No. 7») in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series from 2005 to 2009, beginning with driver Dave Blaney and soon moving to Clint Bowyer.^[30] Jack Daniel’s also sponsors Zac Brown Band’s tours.

Master distillers[edit]

Former Master Distillers include Nathan «Nearest» Green (1875–81),^[31] Jess Motlow (1911–41), Lem Tolley (1941–64), Jess Gamble (1964–66), and Frank Bobo (1966–92).^[32]

Jimmy Bedford held the position for 20 years.^[33] Bedford retired in mid-2008 after being the subject of a $3.5 million sexual harassment lawsuit against the company that ended in an out-of-court settlement, and he died on August 7, 2009, after suffering a heart attack at his home in Lynchburg.^[33][34]

Jeff Arnett, a company employee since 2001, became Master Distiller in 2008. On September 3, 2020, Arnett announced that he was stepping down from the company.^[35] On April 20, 2021, he announced that he and partners were opening Company Distilling, a new whiskey distillery, near the Great Smokey Mountains.^[36]

Chris Fletcher became the 8th Master Distiller in 2020 after serving as Assistant Master Distiller for six years prior. Fletcher is the grandson of former Master Distiller, Frank Bobo.^[37]

Tennessee Squires[edit]

A Tennessee Squire is a member of the Tennessee Squire Association, which was formed in 1956 to honor special friends of the Jack Daniel’s distillery.^[38] Many prominent business and entertainment professionals are included among the membership, which is obtained only through recommendation of a current member. Squires receive a wallet card and deed certificate proclaiming them as «owner» of an unrecorded plot of land at the distillery and an honorary citizen of Moore County, Tennessee.^[39]

Production process[edit]

The mash for Jack Daniel’s is composed of 80% corn, 12% rye, and 8% malted barley, and is distilled in copper stills.^[40] It is then filtered through 10-foot (3.0 m) stacks of sugar maple charcoal.^[41] The company refers to this filtering step as «mellowing». This extra step, known as the Lincoln County Process, removes impurities and the taste of corn.^[6][42] The company argues this extra step makes the product different from bourbon. However, Tennessee whiskey is required to be «a straight Bourbon Whiskey» under terms of the North American Free Trade Agreement^[43] and Canadian law.^[44] A distinctive aspect of the filtering process is that the Jack Daniel’s brand grinds its charcoal before using it for filtering.^[45] After the filtering, the whiskey is stored in newly handcrafted oak barrels, which give the whiskey its color and most of its flavor.^[41]

The product label mentions that it is a «sour mash» whiskey, which means that when the mash is prepared, some of the wet solids from a previously used batch are mixed in to help make the fermentation process operate more consistently. This is common practice in American whiskey production. (As of 2005, all straight bourbon is produced using the sour mash process.^[46])

Prior to 2014, the company’s barrels were produced by Brown-Forman in Louisville, Kentucky. That year, the company opened a new cooperage in Trinity, Alabama.^[47][48]

Legal status[edit]

On a state level, Tennessee has imposed stringent requirements. To be labeled as Tennessee whiskey, it is not enough under state law that the whiskey be produced in Tennessee; it must meet quality and production standards. These are the same standards used by Jack Daniel’s Distillery, and some other distillers are displeased with the requirements being enshrined into law.^[49][50]

On May 13, 2013, Tennessee Governor Bill Haslam signed House Bill 1084, requiring the Lincoln County process to be used for products produced in the state labeling themselves as «Tennessee Whiskey», with a particular exception tailored to exempt Benjamin Prichard’s, and including the existing requirements for bourbon.^[50][51] As federal law requires statements of origin on labels to be accurate, the Tennessee law effectively gives a firm definition to Tennessee whiskey, requiring Tennessee origin, maple charcoal filtering by the Lincoln County process prior to aging, and the basic requirements of bourbon (at least 51% corn, new oak barrels, charring of the barrels, and limits on alcohol by volume concentration for distillation, aging, and bottling).

In 2014, legislation was introduced in the Tennessee legislature that would modify the 2013 law to allow the reuse of oak barrels in the Tennessee whiskey aging process. Jack Daniel’s Master Distiller Jeff Arnett vehemently opposed the legislation, arguing the reuse of barrels would require the use of artificial colorings and flavorings, and would render Tennessee whiskey an inferior product to Scotch and bourbon.^[52]

The company was the subject of a proposal to locally surtax its product in 2011. It was claimed that the distillery, the main employer in a company town, had capitalized on the bucolic image of Lynchburg, Tennessee, and it ought to pay a tax of $10 per barrel. The company responded that such a tax is a confiscatory imposition penalizing it for the success of the enterprise.^[53] The proposed tax faced a vote by the Metro Lynchburg-Moore County Council and was defeated 10–5.^[54]

Moore County, where the Jack Daniel’s distillery is located, is one of the state’s many dry counties. While it is legal to distill the product within the county, it is illegal to purchase it there.^{[55][failed verification]} However, a state law has provided one exception: a distillery may sell one commemorative product, regardless of county statutes.^[56] Jack Daniel’s now sells Gentleman Jack, Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel, the original No. 7 blend (in a commemorative bottle), and a seasonal blend (on rotation) at the distillery’s White Rabbit Bottle Shop.

Labels[edit]

• Old No. 7, also known as «Black Label»: this is the original Jack Daniel’s label (80 proof/40% ABV; previously 90 proof/45% ABV until 1987).
• Gentleman Jack: Charcoal filtered twice, compared to once with Old No. 7 (80 proof/40% ABV)
• Single Barrel: Whiskey sourced from a single barrel in the company’s warehouse (94 proof/47% ABV)
• Tennessee Honey: Honey liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV)
• Tennessee Fire: Cinnamon liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV)
• Tennessee Apple: Apple liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV)
• Tennessee Rye: (90 proof/45% ABV)
• Green Label: A lighter-bodied bottling of Old No. 7, not available everywhere (80 proof/40% ABV)
• 1907: A lighter, slightly sweeter bottling of Old No. 7, from the cooler areas of the warehouse and sold in the Australian market (74 proof/37% ABV)
• Silver Select: For export only (100 proof/50% ABV).
• Winter Jack: Seasonal blend of apple cider liqueur and spices (30 proof/15% ABV)^[57]
• No. 27 Gold: Limited release (80 proof/40% ABV)
• Sinatra Select: Tribute to Jack’s biggest fan: Mr. Frank Sinatra (90 proof / 45% ABV)
• Sinatra Century: Honors the 100th birthday of Frank Sinatra (100 proof / 50% ABV); Limited Edition
• Single Barrel Barrel Proof (125–140 proof / 62.5–70% ABV, depending on the bottle you get)
• Single Barrel Rye: a permanent line extension and the brand’s first fully matured rye whiskey, launched 2016 (94 proof/47% ABV)^[58]
• Single Barrel Select Eric Church Edition (94 proof/47% ABV)
• Bottled-In-Bond only on military bases (100 proof/50% ABV)

Distillery[edit]

The Jack Daniel Distillery in Lynchburg is situated in and around a hollow known as «Stillhouse Hollow» or «Jack Daniel’s Hollow», where a spring flows from a cave at the base of a limestone cliff. The limestone removes iron from the water, making it ideal for distilling whiskey (water heavy in iron gives whiskey a bad taste).^[6] The spring feeds into nearby East Fork Mulberry Creek, which is part of the Elk River watershed. Some 1.9 million barrels containing the aging whiskey are stored in several dozen barrelhouses, some of which adorn the adjacent hilltops and are visible throughout Lynchburg.^[41]

The distillery is a major tourist attraction, drawing more than a quarter of a million visitors annually.^[41] The visitor center, dedicated in June 2000, contains memorabilia related to the distillery and a gift shop. Paid tours of the distillery are conducted several times per day and a premium sampling tour is also offered.^[59]

In February 2016, a $140 million expansion was announced for the distillery, including a plan to expand the visitors center and add two more barrel houses.^[60]

Cocktails[edit]

• Jack Daniel’s is the alcoholic component of «Jack and Coke», a common variant of a cocktail also known as Bourbon and Coke.^[61] In January 2016, Food and Beverage magazine dubbed the drink «The Lemmy» in honor of singer and bassist from the band Motörhead, Lemmy Kilmister, who died in December 2015, as it was his regular drink.^[62]
• Jack Daniel’s is also the alcoholic component of «Lynchburg Lemonade».^[63]
• Jack Daniel’s is a common choice for the Tennessee Whiskey component of the «Three Wise Men».

Gallery[edit]

• 

  Grain mill at Jack Daniel’s Distillery

• 

  Whiskey barrels in the distillery

• 

  Inside the barrels

Cultural references[edit]

Notable drinkers of Jack Daniel’s[edit]

• Frank Sinatra was a Jack Daniel’s drinker. He was buried with a bottle of Jack Daniel’s in 1998.^[64]
• Lemmy Kilmister of Motörhead cited Jack Daniel’s as his drink of choice. Often in media appearances he would be seen drinking Jack Daniel’s and Coke, and he reportedly drank a whole bottle every day for 38 years.^[65]

Cover art[edit]

• The cover of Mel McDaniel’s 1980 album I’m Countryfied featured a design based on the label of Jack Daniel’s whiskey.
• The cover of Patrick Wensink’s book Broken Piano for President featured a design based on the label of Jack Daniel’s whiskey, which resulted in a cease-and-desist letter from the company.^[66] However, the whiskey company said it could be done upon the book’s next reprinting and it would compensate the author if he chose to comply during the current run.^[67]
• The cover of The Dirt: Confessions of the World’s Most Notorious Rock Band, an autobiography collectively written by the members of the rock band Mötley Crüe, includes a bottle design based on that of Jack Daniel’s whiskey.
• The Charlie Daniels Band album Way Down Yonder depicts bottles of Jack Daniel’s on its cover art.

See also[edit]

• Outline of whisky
• List of historic whisky distilleries
• Major competitor brands
  • George Dickel, the other major brand of Tennessee whiskey, produced by Diageo PLC (introduced in 1964)
  • Jim Beam, the largest-selling Kentucky bourbon whiskey, produced by Beam Suntory (introduced in 1933)
  • Evan Williams, another high-selling brand of Kentucky bourbon whiskey, produced by Heaven Hill (introduced in 1957)
• Sister brands produced by Brown–Forman
  • Old Forester, a historically important brand of Kentucky bourbon whiskey (introduced in 1870)
  • Woodford Reserve, a newer premium brand of Kentucky bourbon whiskey (introduced in 1996)

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• McCarley, Daniel J (2011). Jack Daniel’s: The Unofficial Bottle Collector’s Guide — Volume 1. ISBN 978-0-578-09069-6.

External links[edit]

• Official website

Coordinates: 35°17′6″N 86°22′5″W / 35.28500°N 86.36806°W

Jack Daniel’s is a brand of Tennessee whiskey. It is produced in Lynchburg, Tennessee, by the Jack Daniel Distillery, which has been owned by the Brown–Forman Corporation since 1956.

Packaged in square bottles, Jack Daniel’s «Black Label» Tennessee whiskey sold 12.5 million nine-liter cases in the fiscal year ending on April 30, 2017. Other brand variations, such as Tennessee Honey, Gentleman Jack, Tennessee Fire, and ready to drink (RTD) products brought the total to more than 16.1 million equivalent adjusted cases for the entire Jack Daniel’s family of brands.

Early life of Jasper Daniel[edit]

The Jack Daniel’s brand’s official website suggests that its founder, Jasper Newton «Jack» Daniel, was born in 1850 (his tombstone bears that date^[3]), but says his exact birth date is unknown.^[4] The company website says it is customary to celebrate his birthday in September.^[4] According to the Tennessee state library website in 2013, records list his birth date as September 5, 1846. It maintains that the 1850 birth date seems impossible since his mother died in 1847.^[3] In the 2004 biography Blood & Whiskey: The Life and Times of Jack Daniel, author Peter Krass said his investigation showed that Daniel was born in January 1849 (based on Jack’s sister’s diary, census records, and the date of death of Jack’s mother).^[5]

Jack was the youngest of 10 children born to his mother, Lucinda (Cook) Daniel, and father Calaway Daniel. After Lucinda’s death, his father remarried and had three more children.^[5] Calaway Daniel’s father, Joseph «Job» Daniel, had emigrated from Wales to the United States with his Scottish wife, the former Elizabeth Calaway.^[6] Jack Daniel’s ancestry included English, and Scots-Irish as well.^{[7][better source needed]}

Jack did not get along with his stepmother. After Daniel’s father died in the Civil War, the boy ran away from home and was essentially orphaned at a young age.^[8][5]

Career of Jasper Daniel[edit]

As a teenager, Daniel was taken in by Dan Call, a local lay preacher and moonshine distiller. He began learning the distilling trade from Call and his Master Distiller, Nathan «Nearest» Green, an enslaved African-American man. Green continued to work with Call after emancipation.^[8]

In 1875, on receiving an inheritance from his father’s estate (following a long dispute with his siblings), Daniel founded a legally registered distilling business with Call. He took over the distillery shortly afterward when Call quit for religious reasons.^[8][5] The brand label on the product says «Est. & Reg. in 1866», but his biographer has cited official registration documents, asserting that the business was not established until 1875.^[3][8]

After taking over the distillery in 1884, Daniel purchased the hollow and land where the distillery is now located.^[8][6] By the 1880s, Jack Daniel’s was one of 15 distilleries operating in Moore County, and the second-most productive behind Tom Eaton’s Distillery.^[9] He began using square-shaped bottles, intended to convey a sense of fairness and integrity, in 1897.^[8][5]

According to Daniel’s biographer, the origin of the «Old No. 7» brand name was the number assigned to Daniel’s distillery for government registration.^[8][5] He was forced to change the registration number when the federal government redrew the district, and he became Number 16 in district 5 instead of No. 7 in district 4. However, he continued to use his original number as a brand name, since the brand reputation had already been established.^[8][5] An entirely different explanation is given in the 1967 book Jack Daniel’s Legacy which states that the name was chosen in 1887 after a visit to a merchant friend in Tullahoma, who had built a chain of seven stores.^[10]

Jack Daniel’s had a surge in popularity after the whiskey received the gold medal for the finest whiskey at the 1904 St. Louis World’s Fair. However, its local reputation began to suffer as the temperance movement began gaining strength in Tennessee.^[8][5][6]

Jack Daniel never married and did not have any known children. He took his nephews under his wing – one of whom was Lemuel «Lem» Motlow (1869–1947).^[8][5] Lem, a son of Daniel’s sister, Finetta,^[6] was skilled with numbers. He soon took responsibility for the distillery’s bookkeeping.

In failing health, Jack Daniel gave the distillery to Lem Motlow and another nephew in 1907.^[8][5] Motlow soon bought out his partner, and went on to operate the distillery for about 40 years.

Tennessee passed a statewide prohibition law in 1910, effectively barring the legal distillation of Jack Daniel’s within the state. Motlow challenged the law in a test case that eventually worked its way to the Tennessee Supreme Court. The court upheld the law as constitutional.^[12][13]

Daniel died in 1911 from blood poisoning. An oft-told tale is that the infection began in one of his toes, which Daniel injured one early morning at work by kicking his safe in anger when he could not get it open (he was said to always have had trouble remembering the combination).^[14] But Daniel’s modern biographer has asserted that this account is not true.^[8][5]

Because of prohibition in Tennessee, the company shifted its distilling operations to St Louis, Missouri, and Birmingham, Alabama. None of the production from these locations was ever sold due to quality problems.^[15] The Alabama operation was halted following a similar statewide prohibition law in that state, and the St. Louis operation fell to the onset of nationwide prohibition following passage of the Eighteenth Amendment in 1920.

While the passage of the Twenty-first Amendment in 1933 repealed prohibition at the federal level, state prohibition laws (including Tennessee’s) remained in effect, thus preventing the Lynchburg distillery from reopening. Motlow, who had become a Tennessee state senator, led efforts to repeal these laws, which allowed production to restart in 1938. The five-year gap between national repeal and Tennessee repeal was commemorated in 2008 with a gift pack of two bottles, one for the 75th anniversary of the end of prohibition and a second commemorating the 70th anniversary of the reopening of the distillery.^[16]

The Jack Daniel’s distillery ceased operations from 1942 to 1946 when the U.S. government banned the manufacture of whiskey due to World War II. Motlow resumed production of Jack Daniel’s in 1947 after good-quality corn was again available.^[15] Motlow died the same year, bequeathing the distillery to his children, Robert, Reagor, Dan, Conner, and Mary, upon his death.^[17]

The company was later incorporated as «Jack Daniel Distillery, Lem Motlow, Prop., Inc.», allowing the company to continue to include Motlow in its tradition-oriented marketing. Likewise, company advertisements continue to use Lynchburg’s 1960s-era population figure of 361, though the city has since formed a consolidated city-county government with Moore County. Its official population is more than 6,000, according to the 2010 census.

The company was sold to the Brown–Forman Corporation in 1956.^[18]

The Jack Daniel’s Distillery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

In 2012, a Welshman, Mark Evans, claimed to have discovered the original recipe for Daniel’s whiskey,^[19] in a book written in 1853 by his great-great-grandmother. Her brother-in-law had emigrated to Tennessee.

Recent history[edit]

Lowering to 80 proof[edit]

Until 1987, Jack Daniel’s black label was historically produced at 90 U.S. proof (45% alcohol by volume).^[20] The lower-end green label product was 80 proof. However, starting in 1987, the other label variations also were reduced in proof. This began with black label being initially reduced to 86 proof. Both the black and green label expressions are made from the same ingredients; the difference is determined by professional tasters, who decide which of the batches would be sold under the «premium» black label, with the rest being sold as «standard» green label.

A further dilution began in 2002 when all generally available Jack Daniel’s products were reduced to 80 proof, thus further lowering production costs and excise taxes.^[21][22] This reduction in alcohol content, which was done without any announcement, publicity or change of logo or packaging,^[22] was noticed and condemned by Modern Drunkard Magazine, and the magazine formed a petition drive for drinkers who disagreed with the change.^[21] The company countered that it believed consumers preferred lower-proof products, and said that the change had not hurt the sales of the brand.^[21][22] The petition effort garnered some publicity and collected more than 13,000 signatures, but the company held firm with its decision.^[21] A few years later, Advertising Age said in 2005 that «virtually no one noticed» the change, and confirmed that sales of the brand had actually increased since the dilution began.^[22]

Jack Daniel’s has also produced higher-proof special releases and premium-brand expressions at times. A one-time limited run of 96 proof, the highest proof Jack Daniel’s had ever bottled at that time, was bottled for the 1996 Tennessee Bicentennial in a decorative bicentennial bottle. The distillery debuted its 94 proof «Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel» in February 1997. The Silver Select Single Barrel was formerly the company’s highest proof at 100, but is available only in duty-free shops. Now, there are ‘single barrel barrel proof’ editions, ranging from 125 to 140 proof.

Sales and brand value status[edit]

Jack Daniel’s Black Label Tennessee Whiskey is the best-selling whiskey in the world^[23] and remains the flagship product of Brown–Forman Corporation. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2017, the product had sales of 12.5 million cases.^[24] Underlying net sales for the Jack Daniel’s brand grew by 3% (−1% on a reported basis).^{[clarification needed]} Other brand variations, such as Tennessee Honey, Gentleman Jack, and Tennessee Fire, added another 2.9 million cases to sales. Sales of an additional 800,000 equivalent cases in ready to drink (RTD) products brought the fiscal year total to more than 16.1 million equivalent adjusted cases for the entire Jack Daniel’s family of brands.^[1]

Tennessee Honey and Tennessee Fire were also solid contributors to the total underlying net sales growth of 3% (flat on a reported basis) for the Jack Daniel’s family of brands. They grew underlying net sales by 4% and 14% (3% and 18% on a reported basis), respectively. Premium brand Gentleman Jack grew underlying net sales mid-single digits, while the RTD/RTP segment increased underlying net sales by 6% (3% on a reported basis).^[1]

In the IWSR 2013 World Class Brands rankings of wine and spirits brands, Jack Daniel’s was ranked third on the global level.^[25] More recently, in 2017, it ranked at number 16 on the IWSR’s Real 100 Spirits Brands Worldwide list.^[26] Additionally, the brand evaluation consultancy Intangible Business ranked Jack Daniel’s fourth on its Power 100 Spirits and Wine list in both 2014 and 2015.^[27][28]

[edit]

From 2006 until 2015, Jack Daniel’s sponsored V8 Supercar teams Perkins Engineering and Kelly Racing.^[29] Jack Daniel’s also sponsored the Richard Childress Racing 07 car (numbered after the «Old No. 7») in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series from 2005 to 2009, beginning with driver Dave Blaney and soon moving to Clint Bowyer.^[30] Jack Daniel’s also sponsors Zac Brown Band’s tours.

Master distillers[edit]

Former Master Distillers include Nathan «Nearest» Green (1875–81),^[31] Jess Motlow (1911–41), Lem Tolley (1941–64), Jess Gamble (1964–66), and Frank Bobo (1966–92).^[32]

Jimmy Bedford held the position for 20 years.^[33] Bedford retired in mid-2008 after being the subject of a $3.5 million sexual harassment lawsuit against the company that ended in an out-of-court settlement, and he died on August 7, 2009, after suffering a heart attack at his home in Lynchburg.^[33][34]

Jeff Arnett, a company employee since 2001, became Master Distiller in 2008. On September 3, 2020, Arnett announced that he was stepping down from the company.^[35] On April 20, 2021, he announced that he and partners were opening Company Distilling, a new whiskey distillery, near the Great Smokey Mountains.^[36]

Chris Fletcher became the 8th Master Distiller in 2020 after serving as Assistant Master Distiller for six years prior. Fletcher is the grandson of former Master Distiller, Frank Bobo.^[37]

Tennessee Squires[edit]

A Tennessee Squire is a member of the Tennessee Squire Association, which was formed in 1956 to honor special friends of the Jack Daniel’s distillery.^[38] Many prominent business and entertainment professionals are included among the membership, which is obtained only through recommendation of a current member. Squires receive a wallet card and deed certificate proclaiming them as «owner» of an unrecorded plot of land at the distillery and an honorary citizen of Moore County, Tennessee.^[39]

Production process[edit]

The mash for Jack Daniel’s is composed of 80% corn, 12% rye, and 8% malted barley, and is distilled in copper stills.^[40] It is then filtered through 10-foot (3.0 m) stacks of sugar maple charcoal.^[41] The company refers to this filtering step as «mellowing». This extra step, known as the Lincoln County Process, removes impurities and the taste of corn.^[6][42] The company argues this extra step makes the product different from bourbon. However, Tennessee whiskey is required to be «a straight Bourbon Whiskey» under terms of the North American Free Trade Agreement^[43] and Canadian law.^[44] A distinctive aspect of the filtering process is that the Jack Daniel’s brand grinds its charcoal before using it for filtering.^[45] After the filtering, the whiskey is stored in newly handcrafted oak barrels, which give the whiskey its color and most of its flavor.^[41]

The product label mentions that it is a «sour mash» whiskey, which means that when the mash is prepared, some of the wet solids from a previously used batch are mixed in to help make the fermentation process operate more consistently. This is common practice in American whiskey production. (As of 2005, all straight bourbon is produced using the sour mash process.^[46])

Prior to 2014, the company’s barrels were produced by Brown-Forman in Louisville, Kentucky. That year, the company opened a new cooperage in Trinity, Alabama.^[47][48]

Legal status[edit]

On a state level, Tennessee has imposed stringent requirements. To be labeled as Tennessee whiskey, it is not enough under state law that the whiskey be produced in Tennessee; it must meet quality and production standards. These are the same standards used by Jack Daniel’s Distillery, and some other distillers are displeased with the requirements being enshrined into law.^[49][50]

On May 13, 2013, Tennessee Governor Bill Haslam signed House Bill 1084, requiring the Lincoln County process to be used for products produced in the state labeling themselves as «Tennessee Whiskey», with a particular exception tailored to exempt Benjamin Prichard’s, and including the existing requirements for bourbon.^[50][51] As federal law requires statements of origin on labels to be accurate, the Tennessee law effectively gives a firm definition to Tennessee whiskey, requiring Tennessee origin, maple charcoal filtering by the Lincoln County process prior to aging, and the basic requirements of bourbon (at least 51% corn, new oak barrels, charring of the barrels, and limits on alcohol by volume concentration for distillation, aging, and bottling).

In 2014, legislation was introduced in the Tennessee legislature that would modify the 2013 law to allow the reuse of oak barrels in the Tennessee whiskey aging process. Jack Daniel’s Master Distiller Jeff Arnett vehemently opposed the legislation, arguing the reuse of barrels would require the use of artificial colorings and flavorings, and would render Tennessee whiskey an inferior product to Scotch and bourbon.^[52]

The company was the subject of a proposal to locally surtax its product in 2011. It was claimed that the distillery, the main employer in a company town, had capitalized on the bucolic image of Lynchburg, Tennessee, and it ought to pay a tax of $10 per barrel. The company responded that such a tax is a confiscatory imposition penalizing it for the success of the enterprise.^[53] The proposed tax faced a vote by the Metro Lynchburg-Moore County Council and was defeated 10–5.^[54]

Moore County, where the Jack Daniel’s distillery is located, is one of the state’s many dry counties. While it is legal to distill the product within the county, it is illegal to purchase it there.^{[55][failed verification]} However, a state law has provided one exception: a distillery may sell one commemorative product, regardless of county statutes.^[56] Jack Daniel’s now sells Gentleman Jack, Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel, the original No. 7 blend (in a commemorative bottle), and a seasonal blend (on rotation) at the distillery’s White Rabbit Bottle Shop.

Labels[edit]

• Old No. 7, also known as «Black Label»: this is the original Jack Daniel’s label (80 proof/40% ABV; previously 90 proof/45% ABV until 1987).
• Gentleman Jack: Charcoal filtered twice, compared to once with Old No. 7 (80 proof/40% ABV)
• Single Barrel: Whiskey sourced from a single barrel in the company’s warehouse (94 proof/47% ABV)
• Tennessee Honey: Honey liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV)
• Tennessee Fire: Cinnamon liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV)
• Tennessee Apple: Apple liqueur blended with less than 20% whiskey (70 proof/35% ABV)
• Tennessee Rye: (90 proof/45% ABV)
• Green Label: A lighter-bodied bottling of Old No. 7, not available everywhere (80 proof/40% ABV)
• 1907: A lighter, slightly sweeter bottling of Old No. 7, from the cooler areas of the warehouse and sold in the Australian market (74 proof/37% ABV)
• Silver Select: For export only (100 proof/50% ABV).
• Winter Jack: Seasonal blend of apple cider liqueur and spices (30 proof/15% ABV)^[57]
• No. 27 Gold: Limited release (80 proof/40% ABV)
• Sinatra Select: Tribute to Jack’s biggest fan: Mr. Frank Sinatra (90 proof / 45% ABV)
• Sinatra Century: Honors the 100th birthday of Frank Sinatra (100 proof / 50% ABV); Limited Edition
• Single Barrel Barrel Proof (125–140 proof / 62.5–70% ABV, depending on the bottle you get)
• Single Barrel Rye: a permanent line extension and the brand’s first fully matured rye whiskey, launched 2016 (94 proof/47% ABV)^[58]
• Single Barrel Select Eric Church Edition (94 proof/47% ABV)
• Bottled-In-Bond only on military bases (100 proof/50% ABV)

Distillery[edit]

The Jack Daniel Distillery in Lynchburg is situated in and around a hollow known as «Stillhouse Hollow» or «Jack Daniel’s Hollow», where a spring flows from a cave at the base of a limestone cliff. The limestone removes iron from the water, making it ideal for distilling whiskey (water heavy in iron gives whiskey a bad taste).^[6] The spring feeds into nearby East Fork Mulberry Creek, which is part of the Elk River watershed. Some 1.9 million barrels containing the aging whiskey are stored in several dozen barrelhouses, some of which adorn the adjacent hilltops and are visible throughout Lynchburg.^[41]

The distillery is a major tourist attraction, drawing more than a quarter of a million visitors annually.^[41] The visitor center, dedicated in June 2000, contains memorabilia related to the distillery and a gift shop. Paid tours of the distillery are conducted several times per day and a premium sampling tour is also offered.^[59]

In February 2016, a $140 million expansion was announced for the distillery, including a plan to expand the visitors center and add two more barrel houses.^[60]

Cocktails[edit]

• Jack Daniel’s is the alcoholic component of «Jack and Coke», a common variant of a cocktail also known as Bourbon and Coke.^[61] In January 2016, Food and Beverage magazine dubbed the drink «The Lemmy» in honor of singer and bassist from the band Motörhead, Lemmy Kilmister, who died in December 2015, as it was his regular drink.^[62]
• Jack Daniel’s is also the alcoholic component of «Lynchburg Lemonade».^[63]
• Jack Daniel’s is a common choice for the Tennessee Whiskey component of the «Three Wise Men».

Gallery[edit]

• 

  Grain mill at Jack Daniel’s Distillery

• 

  Whiskey barrels in the distillery

• 

  Inside the barrels

Cultural references[edit]

Notable drinkers of Jack Daniel’s[edit]

• Frank Sinatra was a Jack Daniel’s drinker. He was buried with a bottle of Jack Daniel’s in 1998.^[64]
• Lemmy Kilmister of Motörhead cited Jack Daniel’s as his drink of choice. Often in media appearances he would be seen drinking Jack Daniel’s and Coke, and he reportedly drank a whole bottle every day for 38 years.^[65]

Cover art[edit]

• The cover of Mel McDaniel’s 1980 album I’m Countryfied featured a design based on the label of Jack Daniel’s whiskey.
• The cover of Patrick Wensink’s book Broken Piano for President featured a design based on the label of Jack Daniel’s whiskey, which resulted in a cease-and-desist letter from the company.^[66] However, the whiskey company said it could be done upon the book’s next reprinting and it would compensate the author if he chose to comply during the current run.^[67]
• The cover of The Dirt: Confessions of the World’s Most Notorious Rock Band, an autobiography collectively written by the members of the rock band Mötley Crüe, includes a bottle design based on that of Jack Daniel’s whiskey.
• The Charlie Daniels Band album Way Down Yonder depicts bottles of Jack Daniel’s on its cover art.

See also[edit]

• Outline of whisky
• List of historic whisky distilleries
• Major competitor brands
  • George Dickel, the other major brand of Tennessee whiskey, produced by Diageo PLC (introduced in 1964)
  • Jim Beam, the largest-selling Kentucky bourbon whiskey, produced by Beam Suntory (introduced in 1933)
  • Evan Williams, another high-selling brand of Kentucky bourbon whiskey, produced by Heaven Hill (introduced in 1957)
• Sister brands produced by Brown–Forman
  • Old Forester, a historically important brand of Kentucky bourbon whiskey (introduced in 1870)
  • Woodford Reserve, a newer premium brand of Kentucky bourbon whiskey (introduced in 1996)

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• McCarley, Daniel J (2011). Jack Daniel’s: The Unofficial Bottle Collector’s Guide — Volume 1. ISBN 978-0-578-09069-6.

External links[edit]

• Official website

Coordinates: 35°17′6″N 86°22′5″W / 35.28500°N 86.36806°W

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.

Джек Дэниэлс

Jack Daniel’s

Джек Дэниелс

Джека Дэниелса

Джек Дениелс

Джек Дениэлс

Джек Николсон

Jack Daniels

Джек Дэниелса

Джека Дэниэлса

Джэк Дэниелс

Джеком Дэниэлсом

Джэк Дэниэлз

A well-known example is Jack Daniels.

Ярким примером является всем известный «Джек Дэниэлс».

You still like Jack Daniels and the colour of autumn reeds…

Ты все так же любишь «Джек Дэниэлс» цвета осенней листвы…

Also available in brands such as Jack Daniels.

К нему относятся такие марки, например, как Jack Daniel’s.

Jack Daniels is one of the most famous brands of TN whiskey.

We go back to the RV and you drown your sorrows with me and Jack Daniels until the game is done.

Мы идем в трейлер, и вы до конца игры топите свое горе с помощью «Джек Дэниелс» и при моем участии.

A very special man named Jack Daniels.

One notable example is «Jack Daniels«

Ярким примером является всем известный «Джек Дэниэлс».

I write for a character named Jack Daniels.

Jack Daniels whiskey has won numerous awards.

You want to name our daughter «Jack Daniels«?

Didn’t you order a Jack Daniels?

Why is Jack Daniels number 7?

The distinctive bottle of Jack Daniels whiskey is familiar around the world…

Like Jack Daniels is made here in the states.

His daughters are said to have buried him with a bottle of Jack Daniels.

Известно, что Фрэнк Синатра настоял на том, чтобы его похоронили с бутылкой Jack Daniel’s.

Duff: «Bourbon,» «Jack Daniels,» of course.

I have to also say that Jack Daniels is also brought up quite a bit.

Я также должен сказать, что Джек Дэниелс тоже немного вырос. +7

The liquor has been aged in special «Sinatra barrels» and has a darker amber color than the classic Jack Daniels Whiskey.

Этот новый ультрапремиум-сорт был выдержан в специальных «бочках Синатры» и получился более темного янтарного цвета, чем классический Jack Daniel’s.

Contrary to popular beliefs, Jack Daniels isn’t really a Bourbon but a Tennessee whiskey.

С точки зрения произвоства Jack Daniel’s — это не совсем виски, это скорее бурбон.

Ничего не найдено для этого значения.

Результатов: 155. Точных совпадений: 155. Затраченное время: 194 мс

Documents

Корпоративные решения

Спряжение

Синонимы

Корректор

Справка и о нас

Индекс слова: 1-300, 301-600, 601-900

Индекс выражения: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200

Индекс фразы: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200

Jack Daniel’s — бренд виски из США, ежегодно продаётся более 6 млн бутылок^[1]. До провозглашения в США «сухого закона» в Теннесси было множество производителей спиртного, на сегодня осталось лишь два «динозавра» — Jack Daniel’s и George Dickel.

Оба завода до 1941 года делали обыкновенный бурбон, но потом правительство штата решило, что благодаря особой технике фильтрации производимые в Теннесси виски достойны иметь статус географического происхождения^[2]. Вся выпускаемая в штате продукция стала называться Tennessee Sour Mash — «теннессийский виски из кислой браги».

История Jack Daniel’s

Руководитель Годы работы Джаспер «Джек» Ньютон Дэниел 1866 — 1911 Джесс Мотлоу (Jess Motlow) 1911 — 1941 Лем Толлей (Lem Tolley) 1941 — 1964 Джек Гембл (Jess Gamble) 1964 — 1966 Френк Бобо (Frank Bobo) 1966 — 1992 Джимми Бэдфорд (Jimmy Bedford) 1992 — 2008 Джефф Аррнет (Jeff Arnett) с 2008

Джек Дэниел

Jack Daniel’s своим появлением обязан церкви. А конкретно — лютеранскому священнику Дэнну Коллу. Этот пастырь, помимо спасения душ, занимался производством не вполне богоугодных напитков. Среди мужчин прихода его виски пользовался немалой популярностью. Именно на вискокурню к отцу Дэнну и нанялся на работу маленький семилетний мальчик Джаспер «Джек» Ньютон Дэниэл. Случилось это приблизительно в середине 50-х годов XIX века в городе Линчбург, штат Теннеси (приблизительно, потому что документы, указывающие на дату рождения Дэниэла, сгорели при пожаре).

Маленький Джек оказался чрезвычайно смекалистым. Он на лету схватывал все премудрости алкогольного бизнеса. Уже в 13 лет он стал хозяином вискокурни.

От своего учителя Джек Дэниэл научился многому. Но главным секретом, который он позаимствовал у Дэнна Колла, стала особая технология производства виски. Называлась она Lincoln County Process, в честь округа Линкольн Каунти, где была особенно распространена.

В 1907 году Джек почувствовал, что здоровье начинает подводить его, и решил заняться подготовкой того, кто унаследует его империю.

Так как он не имел ни детей, ни жены, наследником стал его племянник Лем Мотлоу. Джек начал посвящать его в дела компании, и, в конце концов, постепенно предоставил ему все бразды правления.

Однажды Мистер Джек пришёл на работу рано утром и попытался открыть сейф у себя в офисе. Он не мог вспомнить комбинацию цифр и в гневе ударил сейф ногой.

Следствием этого удара был перелом большого пальца и проникновение инфекции. В конце концов в 1911 году он скончался от заражения крови.

Поскольку Джек Дэниэл никогда не женился и не имел детей, он завещал вискокурню своему усердно работавшему вместе с ним племяннику Лему Мотлоу, который руководил бизнесом во времена сухого закона.

Лем руководил заводом с 1911 года по 1947 год. Именно на период, когда Мотлоу находился у руля компании, выпали самые тяжёлые для завода времена: и «сухой закон», и Вторая мировая война.

Долгие годы виски был под запретом, и завод находился на грани банкротства. И только в 1947 нормальная работа была возобновлена, а вскоре компания была зарегистрирована, как «Jack Daniel Distillery, Lem Motlow, Prop., Inc».

В 1988 году Джек Рэйр смягчил виски древесным углём дважды. Первый раз перед разливом в дубовые бочки, и ещё раз четыре года спустя, перед тем как виски разлили в бутылки. Виски по новому рецепту получили более гладкий и изящный характер.

В настоящий момент руководит производством Джефф Аррнет (седьмой мастер дистиллятор). Аррнет занимает эту должность с 2008 года.

Выдержка и созревание

Фильтрация

Фильтрация виски происходит через древесный уголь, полученный от сжигания канадского сахарного клёна. Этот процесс уникален для создания виски Теннесси и известен как процесс графства Линкольн.

Изготовление бочек

Бочки изготавливаются из американского дуба и обжигаются.

Виски Jack Daniel’s

• Jack Daniel’s Old No.7 — объёмом 0.05л; 0.1 л; 0,35л; 0,5 л; 0,7 л; 0,75 л; 1,0 л; 1,75 л; 3 л
• Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Rye — объёмом 0.05 л; 0,7 л; 1.0 л
• Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey — объёмом 0.05 л; 0.1 л; 0.5 л; 0,7 л; 1.0 л
• Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Fire — объёмом 0.05 л;0,7 л; 1.0 л
• Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Apple — объёмом 0.05 л; 0,7 л;
• Gentleman Jack — 0,35; 0,5 л; 0,75 л; 1,0 л
• Jack Daniel’s Monogram Tennessee Whiskey — 0,75 л (розлив для Азиатских стран)
• Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel — 0,75 л (американский розлив), 0,7 л (европейский розлив)
• Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel Rye — 0,75 л (американский розлив), 0,7 л (европейский розлив)
• Jack Daniel’s Silver Select Single Barrel — 0,75 л (американский розлив), 0,7 л (европейский розлив)
• Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey Holiday Select — 0.70 л (2011 limited edition; 2013 limited edition)
• Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey Sinatra Select — 1.0 л

Употребление

Jack Daniels — американский виски, для его изготовления используется более 51 % кукурузы. Имеет насыщенный аромат и мягкий вкус с нотками дыма. Большие ценители виски данной марки предпочитают пить Jack Daniels отдельно от всего, остальным можно порекомендовать коктейли на основе лимонного или яблочного сока и льда.

Для виски используют два типа бокалов: тюльпановидные, если вы хотите по достоинству оценить цвет, аромат и вкус напитка, и широкие бокалы с толстым дном — для смешивания виски с колой, льдом и другими ингредиентами. Температура виски должна составлять 18°—21°, именно при такой температуре максимально раскрывается аромат и мягкий вкус напитка. При более низкой температуре теряется аромат, при высокой — страдает вкус: напиток становится более жестким и крепким.

Награды

Название	Год присуждения	Место присуждения
Золотая Медаль	1904	Всемирная ярмарка Сент-Луис, США
Золотая Медаль	1905	Льеж, Бельгия
Золотая Медаль	1913	Конкурс виски Гент, Бельгия
Золотая Медаль	1914	Англо-американская выставка Лондон, Англия
Почётный сертификат Института гигиены	1915	Лондон, Англия
Звезда качества	1954	Брюссель, Бельгия
Золотая медаль с пальмовыми листьями	1981	Амстердам, Нидерланды

Спонсорство

С 2006 по 2015 год спонсировал команды V8 Supercar Perkins Engineering и Kelly Racing^[3].

С 2005 по 2009 год спонсировал автомобиль Richard Childress Racing.

Спонсирует туры Zac Brown Band.

См. также

• Виски
• Бурбон

Примечания

Ссылки

• Официальный сайт

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44 параллельный перевод

Jack daniels: перевод, синонимы, произношение, примеры предложений, антонимы, транскрипция