Как пишется эйч энд эм

This article is about the fashion chain. For other uses, see H&M (disambiguation).

H&M

H&M-Logo.svg
H & M - Store (51396227419).jpg

H&M store on Fifth Avenue, Manhattan

Trade name

 H&M
Type Public aktiebolag

Traded as

 Nasdaq Stockholm: HM B
ISIN SE0000106270[1]
Industry Retail
Predecessor Hennes
Mauritz Widforss
Founded 1947; 76 years ago (as Hennes)
Västerås, Sweden
Founder Erling Persson
Headquarters

Stockholm

,

Sweden

Number of locations

 4,801 stores (2021)

Area served

 Worldwide

Key people

 Karl-Johan Persson (Chairman)
Helena Helmersson (CEO and president)[2]
Products Clothing, accessories
Revenue IncreaseUS$24.8 billion (2019)[3][4]

Operating income

 DecreaseUS$1.8 billion (2019)[5]

Net income

 IncreaseUS$1.5 billion (2019)[3]
Total assets IncreaseUS$19.3 billion (2019)[3]
Total equity IncreaseUS$6.919 billion (2016)[4]
Owner Stefan Persson (28%)[6]

Number of employees

 107,375[a] (2021)
Subsidiaries Monki, Weekday, Cheap Monday, COS, & Other Stories, ARKET
Website hm.com
hmgroup.com

H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB or H&M Group (abbreviated H&M) is a multinational clothing company based in Sweden that focuses on fast-fashion clothing for men, women, teenagers, and children. As of 23 June 2022, H&M Group operates in 75 geographical markets with 4,801 stores under the various company brands, with 107,375[b] full-time equivalent positions.[7]

H&M is the second largest international clothing retailer, behind Inditex, the parent company of Zara.[8] H&M was founded by Erling Persson, and its current CEO is Helena Helmersson.

History[edit]

The company was founded by Erling Persson in 1947 when he opened his first shop in Västerås, Sweden.[9] The shop, called Hennes (Swedish for «hers»), exclusively sold women’s clothing. Another store opened in Norway in 1964.[10] In 1968, Persson acquired the hunting apparel retailer Mauritz Widforss in Stockholm, which led to the inclusion of a menswear collection in the product range, and the name change to Hennes & Mauritz.[9]

The company was listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange in 1974.[9] Shortly after, in 1976, the first store outside Scandinavia opened in London.[9][11] H&M continued to expand in Europe and began to retail online in 1998[12] with the domain hm.com registered in 1997, according to data available via Whois. The opening of its first U.S. store on 31 March 2000 on Fifth Avenue in New York City marked the start of its expansion outside of Europe.[9]

Home Furnishings[edit]

In 2008, the company announced in a press release that it would begin selling home furnishings.[13] While initially distributed online, the home furnishing items are now sold at H&M Home stores worldwide.[14]

Other brands[edit]

Concept stores, including COS, Weekday, Monki, and Cheap Monday, were launched following H&M’s expansion in Asia. In 2009 and 2010, brand consultancy Interbrand ranked H&M as the twenty-first most-valuable global brand.[15] Its worth was estimated at $12 billion to $16 billion.[16][17] Under the «H&M with Friends», H&M will partner with Good American, a brand founded by Khloe Kardashian and Emme Grede, to feature their products in H&M’s Swedish and German e-commerce shops.[18]

Store openings worldwide[edit]

H&M operated 2,325 stores at the end of 2011. At the end of August 2012, they were operating 304 more stores, bringing the total to 2,629.[19] In September 2013, the retailer opened its 3000th store in Chengdu, China.[20]

COVID-19[edit]

In October 2020, H&M announced that it was planning to close 5% of its worldwide stores in 2021 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.[21] The fashion retailer H&M closed 250 shops throughout the globe and moved the majority of its operations online. The H&M Group’s sales growth remained at -34% year-over-year from 2020 week 12 to week 22.[22]

Countries H&M operates in (2022)

H&M store at the Pavilions Shopping Centre, Birmingham, UK

H&M Asia flagship store at Causeway Bay, Hong Kong

H&M Store at Costanera Center Shopping Center, Santiago, Chile.

Map of H&M stores in the U.S. and southern Canada, as of August 2011.

Withdrawal from the Russian market (2022)[edit]

Along with hundreds of other global companies, H&M announced on 2 March 2022 an end to retail operations of its more than 150 stores in Russia as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. H&M cited that it stands «with all the people who are suffering» in Ukraine as well as for «the safety of customers and colleagues» in Russia.[23][24] Having recently expanded via its Weekday and & Other Stories formats, Russia was H&M’s sixth-biggest market at the time, representing 4% of group sales in the fourth quarter of 2021.

Supplies[edit]

H&M gets its supplies shipped from different areas around the world. The top three locations that ship their raw materials are China, Bangladesh, and India. Their retail headquarters is located in Sweden, where 21 suppliers and factories manufacture H&M’s clothing products and accessories.

Models[edit]

Kylie Minogue[edit]

In 2007, H&M and Kylie Minogue launched a swimwear line in Shanghai to celebrate H&M’s presence in Asia.[25]

Lana Del Rey[edit]

Lana Del Rey was the face of H&M’s 2012 global summer collection music video, in which she also sang a cover of «Blue Velvet» as a tribute to filmmaker David Lynch, whom she has said impacted her work.[26]

Beyoncé[edit]

In May 2013 Beyoncé was the face of H&M for her campaign, «Mrs. Carter in H&M,» which drew heavily upon Knowles’ personal style. The singer also included the track «Standing on the Sun» from her fifth studio album as the campaign soundtrack.[27]

Designers[edit]

Karl Lagerfeld[edit]

In November 2004, select stores offered an exclusive collection by fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld. The press reported there were large crowds and that the initial inventories in the larger cities were sold out within an hour.[28] The clothes were still available, though, in less fashion-sensitive areas until the company redistributed them to meet demand.[29]

Stella McCartney[edit]

In November 2006, the company launched a collection by Stella McCartney.

Viktor & Rolf[edit]

Also in November 2006, the company launched a collection by avant-garde Dutch designers Viktor & Rolf.

Madonna[edit]

H&M launched a collaboration designed by pop star Madonna in March 2007.[30]

Roberto Cavalli[edit]

In November 2007, several months after collaborating with Madonna, the company launched a collection by Italian designer Roberto Cavalli.

Marimekko[edit]

Finnish company Marimekko was chosen as a guest designer in spring 2008.[citation needed]

Comme des Garçons[edit]

H&M partnered with Comme des Garçons, a Japanese fashion label, in the fall of 2008. Products in the collection included accessories, a unisex fragrance, and clothing for adults and children.[31]

Matthew Williamson[edit]

For spring and summer of 2009, British designer Matthew Williamson created two exclusive ranges for the company – the first being a collection of women’s clothes that were released in select stores. For the second collection, Williamson ventured into creating menswear for the first time. It featured swimwear for men and women and was available in all of H&M’s stores worldwide.[32]

Jimmy Choo[edit]

On 14 November 2009, the company released a limited-edition diffusion collection by Jimmy Choo featuring handbags and shoes for men and women, with prices ranging from £30 to £170. The collection also included clothing designed by Choo, such as garments made of suede and leather, and was available in 200 stores worldwide, including London’s Oxford Circus store.[33]

Sonia Rykiel[edit]

Sonia Rykiel collaborated with the company by designing a ladies knitwear and lingerie range that was released in select company stores on 5 December 2009.

Lanvin[edit]

French fashion house Lanvin collaborated with H&M to create a new collection, «Lanvin Hearts H&M,» in fall 2010.[34] The collection, designed to make Lanvin clothing more accessible to the average consumer, featured items that were around 100 euros. Usually Lanvin dresses would cost hundreds of euros more.[35]

Elin Kling[edit]

For Spring and Summer 2011, the company worked with fashion blogger Elin Kling, whose collection was only available at select stores.

Versace[edit]

H&M announced a collaboration with Versace in June 2011 that was later released on November 19. Versace also planned a Spring collaboration with the company that would only be available in countries with online sales. Similar to past collaborations, Versace agreed to let H&M use its name for a previously agreed-upon sum, without actually having a role in the design process.[36]

Marni[edit]

H&M announced a collaboration with Marni in November 2011. The campaign launched a few months later in March 2012 and was led by director Sofia Coppola.[citation needed]

Trompe-l’œil printed viscose jersey dress by Maison Martin Margiela for H&M, 2012

Anna Dello Russo[edit]

On 4 October 2012, Vogue Japan editor Anna Dello Russo launched an accessories collection with H&M as Paris Fashion Week drew to an end. The collection was stocked in 140 H&M stores worldwide and was also available to purchase online.[37]

Maison Martin Margiela[edit]

On 12 June 2012, H&M confirmed that it would launch a collaboration with avant-garde label Maison Martin Margiela for a fall rollout. The Maison Martin Margiela collection for H&M hit stores a few months later on 15 November 2012.

Isabel Marant[edit]

Isabel Marant was a collaboration designer for fall 2013 and, for the first time in her career, made a few men’s pieces to accompany the women’s collection.[38] The collection sold out very quickly in cities across the globe and was heavily anchored in sales online.[39]

Alexander Wang[edit]

During the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in California, H&M announced its first collaboration with an American designer. Alexander Wang was the designer chosen and the collection was released to a select 250 stores around the world on 6 November 2014.

Balmain[edit]

Balmain was announced as the next collaboration with H&M through Balmain designer Olivier Rousteing’s Instagram page. The collection was released on 5 November 2015.[40] That year’s H&M Christmas campaign was made in collaboration with popstar Katy Perry, who also sang the commercial soundtrack «‘Every Day Is A Holiday».[41]

Kenzo[edit]

In November 2016, H&M released a designer line in collaboration with Kenzo.[42] That year the company released an annual holiday movie directed by Wes Anderson as part of the company’s Christmas advertising campaign.[43] Titled «Come Together», the short film starred Adrien Brody as a train conductor who saves Christmas after a blizzard delays the train’s arrival and causes the few passengers to miss part of the holiday.[43][44][45][46]

[edit]

Swedish singer Zara Larsson designed a «playful, young, empowering and little glamorous» collection with H&M in February 2017.[47]

Naomi Campbell[edit]

After 20 years, Naomi Campbell came back to collaborate with the company for a global female empowerment commercial spot in fall 2017. She wore clothes that blurred the line between masculine and feminine in the campaign’s Tokyo spot-video where she lip-synced «Wham Rap (Enjoy What You Do)» by Wham!.[48]

Jeremy Scott and Moschino[edit]

Designers Jeremy Scott and Moschino collaborated with the brand in April 2018.

Richard Allan[edit]

With the idea of reviving the spirit of the swinging sixties, H&M collaborated with designer Richard Allan in July 2019.[49]

Sandra Mansour[edit]

The Fleur du Soleil collection, part of H&M’s collaboration with Lebanese designer Sandra Mansour, was released in August 2020 and marked the first time the company had partnered with an Arab designer.[50]

Simone Rocha[edit]

Irish designer Simone Rocha, daughter of designer John Rocha, was announced as a collaborative partner in March 2021. Simone is a regular at London Fashion Week and was named ‘Womenswear Designer of the Year’ at the British Fashion Awards in 2016. Rocha’s designs are famed for their femininity, which is shown in an H&M campaign film shot by Tyler Mitchell.[51]

Showcasing[edit]

The Sims 2[edit]

Working with Maxis in June 2007, H&M created a stuff pack for the game developers’ The Sims 2 computer game, H&M Fashion Stuff.[52]

Imagine Fashion[edit]

In March 2011, the brand’s clothing was featured in an interactive fashion art film by Imagine Fashion called Decadent Control, starring Roberto Cavalli, Kirsty Hume, Eva Herzigová and Brad Kroenig.

Voice Interactive Mirror[edit]

In 2018, the flagship New York City location tried out an in-store «Voice Interactive Mirror» developed by Microsoft and Ombori.[53] The mirror, designed to have voice and facial recognition, acted as a personal shopping assistant and also encouraged customers to sign up for newsletters and scan QR codes.[54] A German CPG news source, Lebensmittelzeitung, concluded that «86% of customers who took a selfie ended up scanning the QR code and 10% of [customers] also registered for the newsletter.»[55]

Loooptopia[edit]

In 2023, H&M partnered with Roblox, online game platform to create an interactive online experience. Customers will be able style their virtual selves in newly created clothes and even trade or recycle clothes. This game promotes sustainability and circularity[56].

Sustainability and environmental awareness[edit]

Used garment vouchers[edit]

Starting in February 2013, H&M began offering patrons a voucher in exchange for used garments. Donated garments were to be processed by I:CO, a retailer that repurposes and recycles used clothing with the goal of creating a zero waste economy. The initiative is similar to an April 2012 clothes-collection voucher program launched by Marks & Spencer in partnership with Oxfam.[57][58][59]

Supply chain adaptation for endangered forest protection[edit]

In April 2014, H&M joined Zara and other apparel companies in changing their supply chain to avoid endangered forests. The company teamed with Canopy, a nonprofit, to remove endangered and ancient forests from their dissolvable pulp supply chain for their viscose and rayon fabrics.[60]

The H&M Foundation[edit]

The H&M Foundation, a nonprofit, was established in 2014 to fund projects that improve humanitarian and environmental issues within the fashion industry. The Persson family, the founders and owners of H&M, originally invested $180 million in the foundation. One of the foundation’s projects includes the Green Machine, a recycling technology that would allow clothing to be recycled in a similar way to aluminum can recycling.[61] Since 2013, the family has made contributions to the foundation, donating SEK1.1 billion (US$154 million) to it.[citation needed] According to the OECD, H&M Foundation’s financing for 2019 development increased by 7% to $17 million USD.[62] In August 2015, the H&M Foundation announced that it will award the Global Change Award,[63] a million-euro annual prize, to advance recycling technology and techniques within the fashion industry.[64] In 2021, H&M Foundation launched a virtual clothing collection named “The Billion Dollar Collection” that featured ten sustainable fashion innovation startups.[65]

Brazilian leather halt[edit]

In September 2019, H&M halted its leather purchases from Brazil in response to the 2019 Amazon rainforest wildfires.[66] The company issued an email statement: «The ban will be active until there are credible assurance systems in place to verify that the leather does not contribute to environmental harm in the Amazon.» H&M imports only a small fraction of its leather needs from the country.[67]

Climate positive by 2040[edit]

In 2020, H&M announced its goal of being climate positive by 2040. The retailer is investing in projects to reduce the carbon footprint of goods in transport along its supply chain.[68]

Sustainability ambassador hiring[edit]

Actress Maisie Williams joined the brand as a global sustainability ambassador in April 2021. As a global sustainability ambassador, she helped front the company’s campaign on using only recycled or sustainably sourced materials by 2030.[69] The first initiative fronted by the actress has led to a collaboration with the video game Animal Crossing, with Williams being transformed into a digital game character to teach the virtues of recycling.[70]

Rental clothing[edit]

In May 2021, H&M announced a temporary rental clothing service that allows men to rent suits for up to 24 hours for job interviews. It began in the UK and was also being tested in the United States.[71]

Concept stores[edit]

Five concept brands[edit]

In addition to the H&M brand, the company consists of six individual brands with separate concepts.[72] Brands include Afound, Arket, COS, Monki, Weekday, and & Other Stories.[73]

COS[edit]

COS launched its flagship store on London’s Regent Street in March 2007 with a catwalk show at the Royal Academy.[74] Its concept is encompassed by minimalist style inspired by architecture, graphics, and design.[75][74]

It specializes in modern clothing pieces for men and women that are less trend-oriented than other similarly priced labels.[76] COS makes clothing that can be worn beyond the season.[77] COS has 197 stores in 34 countries[78] in Europe, Asia, North America, Australia and the Middle East and currently retails online to 19 markets via cosstores.com.

H&M Details[edit]

Q4 2016 saw the hoarding of a new H&M concept in The Dubai Mall come up, labelled now ‘H&M Details’.

Labor practices[edit]

Working conditions[edit]

Cambodia[edit]

In August 2011, nearly 300 workers passed out in one week at a Cambodian factory supplying H&M. Fumes from chemicals, poor ventilation, malnutrition, and even «mass hysteria» have all been blamed for making workers ill. The minimum wage in the country is the equivalent of $66 (£42) a month, a level that human rights groups say is not even half that required to meet basic needs.[79]

Bangladesh[edit]

The same year, Bangladeshi and international labor groups put forth a detailed safety proposal that entailed the establishment of independent inspections of garment factories. The plan called for inspectors to have the power to close unsafe factories. The proposal entailed a legally binding contract between suppliers, customers, and unions. At a meeting in 2011 in Dhaka, major European and North American retailers, including H&M, rejected the proposal. Further efforts by unions to advance the proposal after numerous and deadly factory fires have been rejected.[80]

Myanmar[edit]

After Feb. 1, 2021 military coup d’etat, many labor groups demanded H&M and other apparel companies divest from Myanmar because of the concern that there would be labor rights abuses. There have been multiple reports of labor abuses in factories making H&M clothes. A labor news outlet reported that a worker from Saung Oo Shwe Nay factory that makes H&M clothing was physically abused. Myanmar Labour News quoted FGWM, a labor union, with photos on how the worker was abused by her supervisors. There are multiple reports from other workers from the same factory complaining that they were also physically abused and the employers did not take responsibility, according to the union. There are increasing amount of labor abuses occurring in Myanmar under the military dictatorship. The largest labor group CTUM has been reporting to the International Labor Organization yearly on Myanmar labor abuses.

Supply chain transparency[edit]

The Guardian wrote that in a conscious action sustainability report for 2012, H&M published a list of factories supplying 95% of its garments. Most retailers and brands do not share this information, citing commercial confidentiality as a reason.[81] This contributes to the trend of corporations leaning toward ethically transparent supply chains.[82]

Slave and child labour[edit]

On 2 January 2013, The Ecologist reported[83] allegations by Anti-Slavery International that H&M was continuing its association with the Uzbek government in exploiting child and adult forced labor as cotton harvesters in Uzbekistan.[84]

In September 2020, amid international allegations over the use of Uyghur forced labor in Xinjiang, H&M published a statement saying that it had stopped buying cotton from growers in Xinjiang, stating that it was «deeply concerned by reports from civil society organizations and media that include accusations of forced labor and discrimination of ethno-religious minorities».[85]

In February 2017, The Guardian reported children were employed to make H&M products in Myanmar and were paid 13p (about 15 cents US) an hour – half the full legal minimum wage.[86]

Factory building structural collapses[edit]

Savar building, Bangladesh[edit]

In April 2013, in what is considered the deadliest non-deliberate structural failure accident in modern history and the deadliest garment factory disaster in history, the Rana Plaza building collapsed in Bangladesh killing over 1,100 people. Fatalities were mostly garment workers, in the eight-story building complex that was not designed for factory production and which had cracks in the structure that the owners ignored. Approximately 2,500 injured people were also rescued from the rubble.

The company and other retailers signed on to the Accord on Factory and Building Safety in Bangladesh. In June 2016, SumOfUs launched a campaign to pressure H&M to honor the commitment they made and signed to protect Bangladesh’s garment workers. SumOfUs alleged that «H&M is drastically behind schedule in fixing the safety hazards its workers have to face every day.»[87]

Phnom Penh, Cambodia[edit]

On 19 May 2013, a textile factory that produced apparel for H&M in Phnom Penh, Cambodia collapsed, injuring several people.[88] The incident has raised concerns regarding industrial safety regulations.

Living wage[edit]

On 25 November 2013, H&M’s global head of sustainability committed[89][90] that H&M, as the world’s second-largest clothing retailer, would aim to pay all textile workers «living wage» by 2018, stating that governments are responding too slowly to poor working conditions in Bangladesh among other Asian countries where many clothing retailers source a majority if not all of their garments. Wages were increased in Bangladesh from 3,000 takas ($40) to 5,300 takas ($70) a month in late 2013.[91]

Fire safety report[edit]

In September 2015, CleanClothes.org, an NGO involved in garment labor working conditions, reported on a lack of specific fire safety renovations in H&M suppliers’ factories.[92]

Xinjiang region[edit]

In 2020, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute accused at least 82 major brands, including H&M, of being connected to forced Uyghur labor in Xinjiang.[93]

Controversy[edit]

Boycotts by China[edit]

In March 2021, after the EU, UK, US, and Canada’s joint sanctions against China over reports of human rights abuses in Xinjiang,[94] H&M’s stance on avoiding forced labor in Xinjiang and claim of not going to use cotton produced there was found and criticized by the Communist Youth League of China on its official Weibo page. Their post stated, «Spreading rumors to boycott Xinjiang cotton, while trying to make a profit in China? Wishful thinking!»

The viral post spread across mainland Chinese social media, leading to H&M facing significant criticism among Chinese social media users.[95] On 24 March 2021, H&M became the first fashion brand to be targeted in China, with its products removed from Chinese e-commerce platforms such as Pinduoduo, JD.com and Alibaba, its mobile application removed from Chinese app stores, and rideshare platform DiDi blocking customers from requesting H&M stores as their destinations.[96] Two of H&M’s brand ambassadors in China, Huang Xuan and Victoria Song, announced they were no longer collaborating with H&M.[97][98]

In August 2022, H&M resumed sales in China.[99]

Response[edit]

Chinese state media outlet China Global Television Network countered the statements against Xinjiang cotton with a video showing automation in cotton-picking and local Uyghurs claiming that the industry brought high earnings.[98] On 26 March 2021, the United States condemned the China-backed boycotts, with its Department of Commerce stating that the United States «has taken strong actions to stop China from profiting off of its human-rights abuses in Xinjiang and to stop imports of products made with forced labor in China.»[100]

On 31 March, H&M responded with a statement vowing to rebuild trust in China and serve its customers in a «respectful way».[101] H&M reported sales in China had fallen by approximately 23% for the second quarter of 2021 (compared to the same period in the last fiscal year).[102] According to a report,[103] more than half a million are forced to pick cotton in Xinjiang.[104]

Greenwashing Claims

A proposed class action lawsuit in the US is alleging H&M is greenwashing via the sustainability claims made in its Conscious Choice range. Earlier this year, The Norwegian Consumer Agency (Forbrukertilsynet) said it believed Norrøna is “breaking the law” in marketing clothes as environmentally friendly and issued a warning to H&M GROUP against using the same type of environmental claims.[105]

Other controversies[edit]

Time Controversy
6 January 2010 Was reported that unsold or refunded clothing and other items in one New York City store were cut up before being discarded, presumably to prevent resale or use.[106]
24 January 2012 Was reported to have stolen the work of a UK-based artist, Tori LaConsay, using it on multiple items without compensating her.[107]
August 2013 Withdrew faux-leather headdresses from its Canadian stores after consumers complained the items, part of the company’s «summer music festival» collection, were insulting to Canada’s Aboriginal peoples.[108]
6 November 2015 H&M South Africa division was accused of racism for its lack of black models in their photoshoots,[109] later stating that white models convey a more «positive Image.»[110]
8 January 2018 Showcased on their official United Kingdom website,[111] a black child model wearing a green hoodie reading, «Coolest Monkey in the Jungle», which sparked controversy.[112][113][114][115][116][117] This was especially so in the United States due to the use of the term «monkey» on a black person.[111]

In response, Canadian and American singers such as The Weeknd and G-Eazy boycotted the company by ending their partnerships with it over the image.[118][119][120] H&M later released an apology: «This image has now been removed from all H&M channels and we apologise to anyone this may have offended.»[121][122][123][124]

The mother of the model urged people to «stop crying wolf,» deeming it «an unnecessary issue.»[125] After the allegations, H&M stores were vandalized and looted in South Africa. In response, H&M temporarily closed stores there.[126][127]

13 July 2019 H&M docked the pay and suspended several unionized staff in three of its stores in New Zealand for wearing ‘Living wage’ stickers, as part of a wider industrial dispute.[128][129]
9 December 2020 Sweden’s Equality Ombudsman (DO) started an investigation into H&M following a media report accusing it of racism in Swedish stores.[130]

Philanthropy[edit]

Since January 2012 H&M has offered its H&M Design Award, an annual design prize for fashion graduates. The prize is established to support young designers with the beginning of their careers.[131]

See also[edit]

  • Bonds (clothing)
  • Gap Inc.
  • List of companies of Sweden
  • European Retail Round Table
  • Zara (retailer)

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Total full-time equivalent positions; H&M reports do not publish total full-time, part-time and casual employment levels.
  2. ^ Total full-time equivalent positions; H&M reports do not publish total full-time, part-time and casual employment levels.

References[edit]

  1. ^ «HM B, HENNES & MAURITZ B, (SE0000106270)». Nasdaqomxnordic.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  2. ^ «CEO of H&M Group». Hm.com. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  3. ^ a b c «H&M – Hennes & Mauritz». Forbes.
  4. ^ a b «Annual Report 2016» (PDF). Hennes & Mauritz. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  5. ^ «Operating profit of the H&M Group worldwide from 2009 to 2019». Statista. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
  6. ^ «Archived copy». Forbes. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ «H&M Group Annual and Sustainability Report 2021» (PDF). H&M Group. Retrieved 5 July 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ «Top Five Largest Fashion Retailers in the World». 15 December 2018.
  9. ^ a b c d e «H&M: Our-History». Archived from the original on 19 March 2013.
  10. ^ «Mote og kvalitet til beste pris – H& NO». Hm.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  11. ^ «Fashion and quality clothing at the best price – H& GB». Hm.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  12. ^ «Annual Report 1998» (PDF). hm.com. 1998. Retrieved 7 March 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ^ «H&M Home Fashions». H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB. 28 November 2008. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
  14. ^ «Markets and expansion». H&M Group. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  15. ^ «Best Global Brands Ranking for 2010». Archived from the original on 12 February 2011. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  16. ^ «Interbrand, Best Global Brand List». Archived from the original on 13 August 2010. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  17. ^ «BrandZ Top 100 Most Valuable Global Brands 2009» (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2010.
  18. ^ Velasquez, Angela (16 December 2022). «Good American Makes Friends with H&M». Sourcing Journal. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  19. ^ «Hennes & Mauritz Sales Miss Estimates After August Heatwave». Bloomberg. 17 September 2012.
  20. ^ Compare: «Annual Report 2016» (PDF). Hennes & Mauritz. p. 53. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 June 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2017. Operating profit amounted to SEK 22,168 m (21,754).
  21. ^ Ryan, Carol (1 October 2020). «H&M Heads Into Winter With a Sharper New Look». The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
  22. ^ IEJRD (10 June 2022). «IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON H&M». doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/7YHXG.
  23. ^ «H&M Group temporarily pauses all sales in Russia». H&M Group. 2 March 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2022.[permanent dead link]
  24. ^ «Ukraine conflict: Growing numbers of firms pull back from Russia». BBC News. 6 March 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  25. ^ «Australian singer Kylie Minogue chosen for H&M; beachwear campaign». Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
  26. ^ «Lana Del Rey is the new face of H&M». the Guardian. 17 July 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  27. ^ «Beyonce H&M Commercial Is One Long Music Video». Huffington Post. 25 April 2013. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  28. ^ «Nyheter – DN.SE». DN.SE. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
  29. ^ «Nyheter – DN.SE». DN.SE. Archived from the original on 1 October 2007.
  30. ^ «Abbigliamento di moda e qualità al miglior prezzo – H&M IT». H&M. Retrieved 30 May 2015.
  31. ^ «H&M Announces Comme des Garçons Line». The Cut. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  32. ^ «Fashion and quality clothing at the best price – H& US». Hm.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  33. ^ «Jimmy Choo – Press Release». Cision Wire. Archived from the original on 20 June 2009. Retrieved 17 June 2009.
  34. ^ «Lanvin for H&M – Press Release». 30 November 2010.
  35. ^ «Lanvin combines with H&M to sell affordable designer party clothes». the Guardian. 2 November 2010. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  36. ^ «H&M – Press Release». Cision Wire. Retrieved 21 June 2011.
  37. ^ Bergin, Olivia (3 May 2012). «Anna Dello Russo to design an accessories range for H&M». The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 5 May 2012.
  38. ^ Schneier, Matthew (29 September 2017). «Isabel Marant Wants to Dress You and Your Boyfriend». The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  39. ^ «Isabel Marant: ‘Sometimes we give an image of life that will never exist’«. the Guardian. 8 December 2013. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  40. ^ «Ikon London Magazine Article». Ikon London Magazine. 29 October 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  41. ^ «H&M has signed up this major popstar to front its Christmas campaign». The Independent. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  42. ^ «Kenzo X H&M». Ikon London Magazine. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
  43. ^ a b «H&M has made a short Wes Anderson film for its Christmas ad». BBC News. 28 November 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016 – via BBC.
  44. ^ Brown, Tracy (28 November 2016). «H&M wishes you a very Wes Anderson Christmas». Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  45. ^ «Wes Anderson creates ‘beautiful’ and ‘heartwarming’ ad for H&M». The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  46. ^ «Watch Wes Anderson’s charming Christmas advert for H&M». lwlies.com.
  47. ^ «Zara Larsson designs collection with H&M». 2.hm.com. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  48. ^ WW, FashionNetwork com. «Naomi Campbell is the face of H&M’s fall 2017 campaign». FashionNetwork.com. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  49. ^ «H&M launching collaboration with 1960s designer Richard Allan this summer». Independent.co.uk. 21 July 2019.
  50. ^ «Beirut-based Sandra Mansour creates line with H&M: The first Arab designer to do so». Thenationalnews.com. 17 July 2020.
  51. ^ «You can now shop the Simone Rocha x H&M collection online». You.co.uk. 11 March 2021.
  52. ^ «The Sims(tm) 2 H&M Fashion Stuff». Archived from the original on 18 December 2007. Retrieved 25 December 2007.
  53. ^ «H&M tests voice-activated mirrors at NYC flagship». Retail Dive. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  54. ^ «H&M is trialing a smart mirror that suggests outfits for you — and customers love it». Business Insider. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  55. ^ «Voice-Commerce: Smarter Spiegel spricht mit H&M-Kunden». lebensmittelzeitung.net. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  56. ^ Husband, Laura (6 January 2023). «H&M’s virtual Roblox Loooptopia game promotes fashion circularity». Just Style. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
  57. ^ «H&M to launch global clothes collecting initiative – Telegraph». Fashion.telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  58. ^ «News». About.hm.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  59. ^ «I:CO-System – I:CO – RETHINK. RECYCLE. REWARD. –». Archived from the original on 23 December 2012.
  60. ^ «Deforestation for fashion: getting unsustainable fabrics out of the closet». The Guardian. 25 April 2014.
  61. ^ Segran, Elizabeth (27 January 2021). «H&M is one of fashion’s biggest polluters. Now its foundation is on a $100 million quest to save the planet». Fastcompany.com. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  62. ^ «Home». Oecd-ilibrary.org. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  63. ^ «Why is H&M’s sustainability push failing to resonate with consumers?». Thedrum.com. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  64. ^ «Fashion Chain H&M Offers $1m Recycling Prize for Reusable Clothing». The Guardian. 24 August 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  65. ^ «H&M Foundation Launches A Virtual Clothing Collection Supporting 10 Sustainable Fashion Startups». Hybrid Rituals. 21 June 2021. ; CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  66. ^ «H&M suspends Brazil leather purchases over Amazon fires». news.yahoo.com. Retrieved 6 September 2019.
  67. ^ «H&M Halts Leather Purchases From Brazil After Amazon Wildfires». NDTV.com. Retrieved 6 September 2019.
  68. ^ Glover, Simon. «H&M targets greener supply chain transport». Ecotextile.com. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  69. ^ Okwodu, Janelle (12 April 2021). «Maisie Williams, H&M, and Animal Crossing Joined Forces to Recycle Your (Virtual) Clothes». Vogue.com. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
  70. ^ Davis, Jessica (12 April 2021). «Maisie Williams just landed a major new role at H&M». Harpersbazaar.com. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  71. ^ Yates, Jacqueline Laurean. «H&M introduces sustainable rental clothing service ONE/SECOND/SUIT». Good Morning America. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  72. ^ «H&M Group». Archived from the original on 16 December 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2015.
  73. ^ Rozario, Kevin (30 November 2022). «H&M Staff Cuts And Other Savings Of Almost $200 Million Fail To Convince Markets». Forbes.
  74. ^ a b Walker, Harriet (11 June 2012). «Cos: Thoroughly modern minimalism». The Independent. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  75. ^ Howarth, Dan (5 November 2014). ««Design and architecture has been a key influence» for COS». Dezeen. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  76. ^ Bernard, Katherine. «Coming to America: Why Vogue Loves COS Clothes». Vogue. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  77. ^ «H&M group – COS». about.hm.com.
  78. ^ cosstores.com. «Store Locator – COS GB». cosstores.com. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
  79. ^ Butler, Sarah (2 February 2012). «Cambodian workers hold «people’s tribunal» to look at factory conditions». The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
  80. ^ «Big brands rejected Bangladesh factory safety plan». Yahoo News. 26 April 2013.
  81. ^ Lucy Siegle (24 April 2013). «H&M: how does the fashion retailer’s sustainability report stack up?». The Guardian.
  82. ^ «In this issue of SCMR: The ethical supply chain». Scmr.com. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  83. ^ «Conservative MP ‘promoted cotton trade linked to child labour’«. The Ecologist. 2 January 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  84. ^ «Stop H&M Being Complicit in Cotton Crimes». Anti-Slavery International website. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  85. ^ Paton, Elizabeth (24 March 2021). «H&M Faces Boycott in China Over Stance on Treatment of Uyghurs». The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  86. ^ Chamberlain, Gethin (5 February 2017). «How high street clothes were made by children in Myanmar for 13p an hour». The Guardian.
  87. ^ «H&M: Honour your commitments to protect garment workers in Bangladesh». SumOfUs. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  88. ^ «H&M Clothes Made in Collapsed Cambodian Factory — WSJ.com». Online.wsj.com. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
  89. ^ Thomasson, Emma (25 November 2013). «H&M will aim to pay all textile workers «living wage» by 2018″. Reuters.com. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  90. ^ Liebelson, Dana (6 January 2014). «H&M Plans to Pay Garment Workers Fair Wages. Here’s Why That’s Probably BS». Mother Jones. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  91. ^ Shanley, Mia (10 April 2014). «H& calls for faster factory inspections in Bangladesh». Reuters.
  92. ^ «Evaluation of H&M Compliance with Safety Action Plans for Strategic Suppliers in Bangladesh» (PDF). The Clean Clothes Campaign. September 2015. Retrieved 23 October 2016. 16% of H&M factories haven’t removed locking doors … 61% of H&M factories with no fire exits
  93. ^ Xu, Vicky Xiuzhong; Cave, Danielle; Leibold, James; Munro, Kelsey; Ruser, Nathan (1 March 2020). «Uyghurs for Sale». Australian Strategic Policy Institute. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  94. ^ «EU, US, UK, Canada target China officials over Uyghur abuses». ABC News (Australia). 23 March 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  95. ^ Westcott, Ben (26 March 2021). «H&M and Nike are facing a boycott in China». CNN Business. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  96. ^ Zhang, Tianwei; Ap, Tiffany; Clark, Evan (25 March 2021). «Xinjiang Cotton: Li Ning, Anta Shares Surge While Nike, Adidas, Burberry Hit With Backlash». Wwd.com. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  97. ^ Ap, Tianwei Zhang, Tiffany; Zhang, Tianwei; Ap, Tiffany (24 March 2021). «H&M Removed From All Major Chinese Platforms Over Xinjiang Cotton Ban». Wwd.com. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  98. ^ a b «H&M faces boycott in China over Xinjiang cotton». MSN. BBC News. 25 March 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  99. ^ Lin, Clarence Leong and Liza (16 August 2022). «H&M Returns to China’s Internet After a 16-Month Disappearance». The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  100. ^ Mauldin, Alex Leary and William (26 March 2021). «U.S. Condemns Chinese Boycotts of Companies Shunning Xinjiang Cotton». Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  101. ^ Soderpalm, Helena; Ringstrom, Anna (31 March 2021). «H&M vows to rebuild trust in China after Xinjiang backlash». Reuters. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  102. ^ «H&M: Fashion giant sees China sales slump after Xinjiang boycott». BBC News. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
  103. ^ «Coercive Labor in Xinjiang: Labor Transfer and the Mobilization of Ethnic Minorities to Pick Cotton». Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  104. ^ «Xinjiang: more than half a million forced to pick cotton, report suggests». TheGuardian.com. 15 December 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  105. ^ «H&M under fire in US over sustainable material claims». Just Style. 15 November 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
  106. ^ (registration required) Dwyer, Jim (6 January 2010). «A Clothing Clearance Where More Than Just the Prices Have Been Slashed». The New York Times. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
  107. ^ «H&M Is Getting Slammed For Allegedly Copying An Artist’s Design». 25 January 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  108. ^ «H&M withdraws ‘offensive’ headdresses». the Guardian. 9 August 2013.
  109. ^ «H&M in racist debacle over ‘positive image’ tweet for lack of black models». TimesLive. 6 November 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  110. ^ «H&M South Africa Racist Tweets – News One». News One (Pakistani TV channel). 10 November 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  111. ^ a b «Terry Mango, Mom of Model Used to Sell Monkey Hoodie Defends H&M». ebony.com. 10 January 2018.
  112. ^ «H&M monkey hoodie sparks outrage for «racist» image». CBS News. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  113. ^ «H&M apologizes for using black child to sell ‘coolest monkey’ top». CNN. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  114. ^ «H&M slammed as racist for ‘monkey in the jungle’ hoodie». CNBC. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  115. ^ «H&M is apologizing for a product image called out as racist». Quartz. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  116. ^ «H&M apologises following backlash over ‘racist’ image of child model on website». The Independent. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  117. ^ «H&M Faces Twitter Backlash for «Racist» Hoodie – Pret-a-Reporter». The Hollywood Reporter. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  118. ^ «The Weeknd tweets that he’s cutting ties with H&M over hoodie ad». Business Insider. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  119. ^ «The Weeknd Cuts Ties With H&M After Racist Ad: ‘Shocked and…» KPRC-TV. 8 January 2018. Archived from the original on 9 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  120. ^ «G-Eazy ends partnership with H&M over ‘disturbing’ viral ‘monkey’ sweatshirt – SFGate». SFGate. 9 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  121. ^ «‘Coolest monkey in the jungle’: H&M in hot water after ‘distasteful’ hoodie ad – SBS News». sbs.com.au.
  122. ^ «H&M issues unequivocal apology for poorly judged product and image». HM.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  123. ^ «H&M on Twitter». Twitter. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  124. ^ «H&M on Twitter: «We’d like to put on record our position in relation to the controversial image of our hoodie. Our position is simple – we’ve got this wrong and we’re deeply sorry». Twitter. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  125. ^ «Terry Mango, Mom of Model Used to Sell Monkey Hoodie Defends H&M». ebony.com. 10 January 2018.
  126. ^ «H&M shops trashed in South Africa over «racist» hoodie». Harper’s Bazaar. 15 January 2018.
  127. ^ «UPDATE: Police confirm rubber bullets fired in H&M protests as shop looted». News 24.
  128. ^ «H&M staff suspended for wearing stickers: Union». Stuff. 13 July 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  129. ^ «Auckland H&M workers suspended after sticker protest for living wage». TVNZ. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  130. ^ Reuters Staff (9 December 2020). «Swedish equality ombudsman launches discrimination probe into H&M after media report». Reuters. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
  131. ^ «The H&M Design Award». dexigner.com. 13 January 2012.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to H&M.

  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • «Supplier list». Sustainability Reporting. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
Источник

This article is about the fashion chain. For other uses, see H&M (disambiguation).

H&M

H&M-Logo.svg
H & M - Store (51396227419).jpg

H&M store on Fifth Avenue, Manhattan

Trade name

 H&M
Type Public aktiebolag

Traded as

 Nasdaq Stockholm: HM B
ISIN SE0000106270[1]
Industry Retail
Predecessor Hennes
Mauritz Widforss
Founded 1947; 76 years ago (as Hennes)
Västerås, Sweden
Founder Erling Persson
Headquarters

Stockholm

,

Sweden

Number of locations

 4,801 stores (2021)

Area served

 Worldwide

Key people

 Karl-Johan Persson (Chairman)
Helena Helmersson (CEO and president)[2]
Products Clothing, accessories
Revenue IncreaseUS$24.8 billion (2019)[3][4]

Operating income

 DecreaseUS$1.8 billion (2019)[5]

Net income

 IncreaseUS$1.5 billion (2019)[3]
Total assets IncreaseUS$19.3 billion (2019)[3]
Total equity IncreaseUS$6.919 billion (2016)[4]
Owner Stefan Persson (28%)[6]

Number of employees

 107,375[a] (2021)
Subsidiaries Monki, Weekday, Cheap Monday, COS, & Other Stories, ARKET
Website hm.com
hmgroup.com

H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB or H&M Group (abbreviated H&M) is a multinational clothing company based in Sweden that focuses on fast-fashion clothing for men, women, teenagers, and children. As of 23 June 2022, H&M Group operates in 75 geographical markets with 4,801 stores under the various company brands, with 107,375[b] full-time equivalent positions.[7]

H&M is the second largest international clothing retailer, behind Inditex, the parent company of Zara.[8] H&M was founded by Erling Persson, and its current CEO is Helena Helmersson.

History[edit]

The company was founded by Erling Persson in 1947 when he opened his first shop in Västerås, Sweden.[9] The shop, called Hennes (Swedish for «hers»), exclusively sold women’s clothing. Another store opened in Norway in 1964.[10] In 1968, Persson acquired the hunting apparel retailer Mauritz Widforss in Stockholm, which led to the inclusion of a menswear collection in the product range, and the name change to Hennes & Mauritz.[9]

The company was listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange in 1974.[9] Shortly after, in 1976, the first store outside Scandinavia opened in London.[9][11] H&M continued to expand in Europe and began to retail online in 1998[12] with the domain hm.com registered in 1997, according to data available via Whois. The opening of its first U.S. store on 31 March 2000 on Fifth Avenue in New York City marked the start of its expansion outside of Europe.[9]

Home Furnishings[edit]

In 2008, the company announced in a press release that it would begin selling home furnishings.[13] While initially distributed online, the home furnishing items are now sold at H&M Home stores worldwide.[14]

Other brands[edit]

Concept stores, including COS, Weekday, Monki, and Cheap Monday, were launched following H&M’s expansion in Asia. In 2009 and 2010, brand consultancy Interbrand ranked H&M as the twenty-first most-valuable global brand.[15] Its worth was estimated at $12 billion to $16 billion.[16][17] Under the «H&M with Friends», H&M will partner with Good American, a brand founded by Khloe Kardashian and Emme Grede, to feature their products in H&M’s Swedish and German e-commerce shops.[18]

Store openings worldwide[edit]

H&M operated 2,325 stores at the end of 2011. At the end of August 2012, they were operating 304 more stores, bringing the total to 2,629.[19] In September 2013, the retailer opened its 3000th store in Chengdu, China.[20]

COVID-19[edit]

In October 2020, H&M announced that it was planning to close 5% of its worldwide stores in 2021 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.[21] The fashion retailer H&M closed 250 shops throughout the globe and moved the majority of its operations online. The H&M Group’s sales growth remained at -34% year-over-year from 2020 week 12 to week 22.[22]

Countries H&M operates in (2022)

H&M store at the Pavilions Shopping Centre, Birmingham, UK

H&M Asia flagship store at Causeway Bay, Hong Kong

H&M Store at Costanera Center Shopping Center, Santiago, Chile.

Map of H&M stores in the U.S. and southern Canada, as of August 2011.

Withdrawal from the Russian market (2022)[edit]

Along with hundreds of other global companies, H&M announced on 2 March 2022 an end to retail operations of its more than 150 stores in Russia as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. H&M cited that it stands «with all the people who are suffering» in Ukraine as well as for «the safety of customers and colleagues» in Russia.[23][24] Having recently expanded via its Weekday and & Other Stories formats, Russia was H&M’s sixth-biggest market at the time, representing 4% of group sales in the fourth quarter of 2021.

Supplies[edit]

H&M gets its supplies shipped from different areas around the world. The top three locations that ship their raw materials are China, Bangladesh, and India. Their retail headquarters is located in Sweden, where 21 suppliers and factories manufacture H&M’s clothing products and accessories.

Models[edit]

Kylie Minogue[edit]

In 2007, H&M and Kylie Minogue launched a swimwear line in Shanghai to celebrate H&M’s presence in Asia.[25]

Lana Del Rey[edit]

Lana Del Rey was the face of H&M’s 2012 global summer collection music video, in which she also sang a cover of «Blue Velvet» as a tribute to filmmaker David Lynch, whom she has said impacted her work.[26]

Beyoncé[edit]

In May 2013 Beyoncé was the face of H&M for her campaign, «Mrs. Carter in H&M,» which drew heavily upon Knowles’ personal style. The singer also included the track «Standing on the Sun» from her fifth studio album as the campaign soundtrack.[27]

Designers[edit]

Karl Lagerfeld[edit]

In November 2004, select stores offered an exclusive collection by fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld. The press reported there were large crowds and that the initial inventories in the larger cities were sold out within an hour.[28] The clothes were still available, though, in less fashion-sensitive areas until the company redistributed them to meet demand.[29]

Stella McCartney[edit]

In November 2006, the company launched a collection by Stella McCartney.

Viktor & Rolf[edit]

Also in November 2006, the company launched a collection by avant-garde Dutch designers Viktor & Rolf.

Madonna[edit]

H&M launched a collaboration designed by pop star Madonna in March 2007.[30]

Roberto Cavalli[edit]

In November 2007, several months after collaborating with Madonna, the company launched a collection by Italian designer Roberto Cavalli.

Marimekko[edit]

Finnish company Marimekko was chosen as a guest designer in spring 2008.[citation needed]

Comme des Garçons[edit]

H&M partnered with Comme des Garçons, a Japanese fashion label, in the fall of 2008. Products in the collection included accessories, a unisex fragrance, and clothing for adults and children.[31]

Matthew Williamson[edit]

For spring and summer of 2009, British designer Matthew Williamson created two exclusive ranges for the company – the first being a collection of women’s clothes that were released in select stores. For the second collection, Williamson ventured into creating menswear for the first time. It featured swimwear for men and women and was available in all of H&M’s stores worldwide.[32]

Jimmy Choo[edit]

On 14 November 2009, the company released a limited-edition diffusion collection by Jimmy Choo featuring handbags and shoes for men and women, with prices ranging from £30 to £170. The collection also included clothing designed by Choo, such as garments made of suede and leather, and was available in 200 stores worldwide, including London’s Oxford Circus store.[33]

Sonia Rykiel[edit]

Sonia Rykiel collaborated with the company by designing a ladies knitwear and lingerie range that was released in select company stores on 5 December 2009.

Lanvin[edit]

French fashion house Lanvin collaborated with H&M to create a new collection, «Lanvin Hearts H&M,» in fall 2010.[34] The collection, designed to make Lanvin clothing more accessible to the average consumer, featured items that were around 100 euros. Usually Lanvin dresses would cost hundreds of euros more.[35]

Elin Kling[edit]

For Spring and Summer 2011, the company worked with fashion blogger Elin Kling, whose collection was only available at select stores.

Versace[edit]

H&M announced a collaboration with Versace in June 2011 that was later released on November 19. Versace also planned a Spring collaboration with the company that would only be available in countries with online sales. Similar to past collaborations, Versace agreed to let H&M use its name for a previously agreed-upon sum, without actually having a role in the design process.[36]

Marni[edit]

H&M announced a collaboration with Marni in November 2011. The campaign launched a few months later in March 2012 and was led by director Sofia Coppola.[citation needed]

Trompe-l’œil printed viscose jersey dress by Maison Martin Margiela for H&M, 2012

Anna Dello Russo[edit]

On 4 October 2012, Vogue Japan editor Anna Dello Russo launched an accessories collection with H&M as Paris Fashion Week drew to an end. The collection was stocked in 140 H&M stores worldwide and was also available to purchase online.[37]

Maison Martin Margiela[edit]

On 12 June 2012, H&M confirmed that it would launch a collaboration with avant-garde label Maison Martin Margiela for a fall rollout. The Maison Martin Margiela collection for H&M hit stores a few months later on 15 November 2012.

Isabel Marant[edit]

Isabel Marant was a collaboration designer for fall 2013 and, for the first time in her career, made a few men’s pieces to accompany the women’s collection.[38] The collection sold out very quickly in cities across the globe and was heavily anchored in sales online.[39]

Alexander Wang[edit]

During the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in California, H&M announced its first collaboration with an American designer. Alexander Wang was the designer chosen and the collection was released to a select 250 stores around the world on 6 November 2014.

Balmain[edit]

Balmain was announced as the next collaboration with H&M through Balmain designer Olivier Rousteing’s Instagram page. The collection was released on 5 November 2015.[40] That year’s H&M Christmas campaign was made in collaboration with popstar Katy Perry, who also sang the commercial soundtrack «‘Every Day Is A Holiday».[41]

Kenzo[edit]

In November 2016, H&M released a designer line in collaboration with Kenzo.[42] That year the company released an annual holiday movie directed by Wes Anderson as part of the company’s Christmas advertising campaign.[43] Titled «Come Together», the short film starred Adrien Brody as a train conductor who saves Christmas after a blizzard delays the train’s arrival and causes the few passengers to miss part of the holiday.[43][44][45][46]

[edit]

Swedish singer Zara Larsson designed a «playful, young, empowering and little glamorous» collection with H&M in February 2017.[47]

Naomi Campbell[edit]

After 20 years, Naomi Campbell came back to collaborate with the company for a global female empowerment commercial spot in fall 2017. She wore clothes that blurred the line between masculine and feminine in the campaign’s Tokyo spot-video where she lip-synced «Wham Rap (Enjoy What You Do)» by Wham!.[48]

Jeremy Scott and Moschino[edit]

Designers Jeremy Scott and Moschino collaborated with the brand in April 2018.

Richard Allan[edit]

With the idea of reviving the spirit of the swinging sixties, H&M collaborated with designer Richard Allan in July 2019.[49]

Sandra Mansour[edit]

The Fleur du Soleil collection, part of H&M’s collaboration with Lebanese designer Sandra Mansour, was released in August 2020 and marked the first time the company had partnered with an Arab designer.[50]

Simone Rocha[edit]

Irish designer Simone Rocha, daughter of designer John Rocha, was announced as a collaborative partner in March 2021. Simone is a regular at London Fashion Week and was named ‘Womenswear Designer of the Year’ at the British Fashion Awards in 2016. Rocha’s designs are famed for their femininity, which is shown in an H&M campaign film shot by Tyler Mitchell.[51]

Showcasing[edit]

The Sims 2[edit]

Working with Maxis in June 2007, H&M created a stuff pack for the game developers’ The Sims 2 computer game, H&M Fashion Stuff.[52]

Imagine Fashion[edit]

In March 2011, the brand’s clothing was featured in an interactive fashion art film by Imagine Fashion called Decadent Control, starring Roberto Cavalli, Kirsty Hume, Eva Herzigová and Brad Kroenig.

Voice Interactive Mirror[edit]

In 2018, the flagship New York City location tried out an in-store «Voice Interactive Mirror» developed by Microsoft and Ombori.[53] The mirror, designed to have voice and facial recognition, acted as a personal shopping assistant and also encouraged customers to sign up for newsletters and scan QR codes.[54] A German CPG news source, Lebensmittelzeitung, concluded that «86% of customers who took a selfie ended up scanning the QR code and 10% of [customers] also registered for the newsletter.»[55]

Loooptopia[edit]

In 2023, H&M partnered with Roblox, online game platform to create an interactive online experience. Customers will be able style their virtual selves in newly created clothes and even trade or recycle clothes. This game promotes sustainability and circularity[56].

Sustainability and environmental awareness[edit]

Used garment vouchers[edit]

Starting in February 2013, H&M began offering patrons a voucher in exchange for used garments. Donated garments were to be processed by I:CO, a retailer that repurposes and recycles used clothing with the goal of creating a zero waste economy. The initiative is similar to an April 2012 clothes-collection voucher program launched by Marks & Spencer in partnership with Oxfam.[57][58][59]

Supply chain adaptation for endangered forest protection[edit]

In April 2014, H&M joined Zara and other apparel companies in changing their supply chain to avoid endangered forests. The company teamed with Canopy, a nonprofit, to remove endangered and ancient forests from their dissolvable pulp supply chain for their viscose and rayon fabrics.[60]

The H&M Foundation[edit]

The H&M Foundation, a nonprofit, was established in 2014 to fund projects that improve humanitarian and environmental issues within the fashion industry. The Persson family, the founders and owners of H&M, originally invested $180 million in the foundation. One of the foundation’s projects includes the Green Machine, a recycling technology that would allow clothing to be recycled in a similar way to aluminum can recycling.[61] Since 2013, the family has made contributions to the foundation, donating SEK1.1 billion (US$154 million) to it.[citation needed] According to the OECD, H&M Foundation’s financing for 2019 development increased by 7% to $17 million USD.[62] In August 2015, the H&M Foundation announced that it will award the Global Change Award,[63] a million-euro annual prize, to advance recycling technology and techniques within the fashion industry.[64] In 2021, H&M Foundation launched a virtual clothing collection named “The Billion Dollar Collection” that featured ten sustainable fashion innovation startups.[65]

Brazilian leather halt[edit]

In September 2019, H&M halted its leather purchases from Brazil in response to the 2019 Amazon rainforest wildfires.[66] The company issued an email statement: «The ban will be active until there are credible assurance systems in place to verify that the leather does not contribute to environmental harm in the Amazon.» H&M imports only a small fraction of its leather needs from the country.[67]

Climate positive by 2040[edit]

In 2020, H&M announced its goal of being climate positive by 2040. The retailer is investing in projects to reduce the carbon footprint of goods in transport along its supply chain.[68]

Sustainability ambassador hiring[edit]

Actress Maisie Williams joined the brand as a global sustainability ambassador in April 2021. As a global sustainability ambassador, she helped front the company’s campaign on using only recycled or sustainably sourced materials by 2030.[69] The first initiative fronted by the actress has led to a collaboration with the video game Animal Crossing, with Williams being transformed into a digital game character to teach the virtues of recycling.[70]

Rental clothing[edit]

In May 2021, H&M announced a temporary rental clothing service that allows men to rent suits for up to 24 hours for job interviews. It began in the UK and was also being tested in the United States.[71]

Concept stores[edit]

Five concept brands[edit]

In addition to the H&M brand, the company consists of six individual brands with separate concepts.[72] Brands include Afound, Arket, COS, Monki, Weekday, and & Other Stories.[73]

COS[edit]

COS launched its flagship store on London’s Regent Street in March 2007 with a catwalk show at the Royal Academy.[74] Its concept is encompassed by minimalist style inspired by architecture, graphics, and design.[75][74]

It specializes in modern clothing pieces for men and women that are less trend-oriented than other similarly priced labels.[76] COS makes clothing that can be worn beyond the season.[77] COS has 197 stores in 34 countries[78] in Europe, Asia, North America, Australia and the Middle East and currently retails online to 19 markets via cosstores.com.

H&M Details[edit]

Q4 2016 saw the hoarding of a new H&M concept in The Dubai Mall come up, labelled now ‘H&M Details’.

Labor practices[edit]

Working conditions[edit]

Cambodia[edit]

In August 2011, nearly 300 workers passed out in one week at a Cambodian factory supplying H&M. Fumes from chemicals, poor ventilation, malnutrition, and even «mass hysteria» have all been blamed for making workers ill. The minimum wage in the country is the equivalent of $66 (£42) a month, a level that human rights groups say is not even half that required to meet basic needs.[79]

Bangladesh[edit]

The same year, Bangladeshi and international labor groups put forth a detailed safety proposal that entailed the establishment of independent inspections of garment factories. The plan called for inspectors to have the power to close unsafe factories. The proposal entailed a legally binding contract between suppliers, customers, and unions. At a meeting in 2011 in Dhaka, major European and North American retailers, including H&M, rejected the proposal. Further efforts by unions to advance the proposal after numerous and deadly factory fires have been rejected.[80]

Myanmar[edit]

After Feb. 1, 2021 military coup d’etat, many labor groups demanded H&M and other apparel companies divest from Myanmar because of the concern that there would be labor rights abuses. There have been multiple reports of labor abuses in factories making H&M clothes. A labor news outlet reported that a worker from Saung Oo Shwe Nay factory that makes H&M clothing was physically abused. Myanmar Labour News quoted FGWM, a labor union, with photos on how the worker was abused by her supervisors. There are multiple reports from other workers from the same factory complaining that they were also physically abused and the employers did not take responsibility, according to the union. There are increasing amount of labor abuses occurring in Myanmar under the military dictatorship. The largest labor group CTUM has been reporting to the International Labor Organization yearly on Myanmar labor abuses.

Supply chain transparency[edit]

The Guardian wrote that in a conscious action sustainability report for 2012, H&M published a list of factories supplying 95% of its garments. Most retailers and brands do not share this information, citing commercial confidentiality as a reason.[81] This contributes to the trend of corporations leaning toward ethically transparent supply chains.[82]

Slave and child labour[edit]

On 2 January 2013, The Ecologist reported[83] allegations by Anti-Slavery International that H&M was continuing its association with the Uzbek government in exploiting child and adult forced labor as cotton harvesters in Uzbekistan.[84]

In September 2020, amid international allegations over the use of Uyghur forced labor in Xinjiang, H&M published a statement saying that it had stopped buying cotton from growers in Xinjiang, stating that it was «deeply concerned by reports from civil society organizations and media that include accusations of forced labor and discrimination of ethno-religious minorities».[85]

In February 2017, The Guardian reported children were employed to make H&M products in Myanmar and were paid 13p (about 15 cents US) an hour – half the full legal minimum wage.[86]

Factory building structural collapses[edit]

Savar building, Bangladesh[edit]

In April 2013, in what is considered the deadliest non-deliberate structural failure accident in modern history and the deadliest garment factory disaster in history, the Rana Plaza building collapsed in Bangladesh killing over 1,100 people. Fatalities were mostly garment workers, in the eight-story building complex that was not designed for factory production and which had cracks in the structure that the owners ignored. Approximately 2,500 injured people were also rescued from the rubble.

The company and other retailers signed on to the Accord on Factory and Building Safety in Bangladesh. In June 2016, SumOfUs launched a campaign to pressure H&M to honor the commitment they made and signed to protect Bangladesh’s garment workers. SumOfUs alleged that «H&M is drastically behind schedule in fixing the safety hazards its workers have to face every day.»[87]

Phnom Penh, Cambodia[edit]

On 19 May 2013, a textile factory that produced apparel for H&M in Phnom Penh, Cambodia collapsed, injuring several people.[88] The incident has raised concerns regarding industrial safety regulations.

Living wage[edit]

On 25 November 2013, H&M’s global head of sustainability committed[89][90] that H&M, as the world’s second-largest clothing retailer, would aim to pay all textile workers «living wage» by 2018, stating that governments are responding too slowly to poor working conditions in Bangladesh among other Asian countries where many clothing retailers source a majority if not all of their garments. Wages were increased in Bangladesh from 3,000 takas ($40) to 5,300 takas ($70) a month in late 2013.[91]

Fire safety report[edit]

In September 2015, CleanClothes.org, an NGO involved in garment labor working conditions, reported on a lack of specific fire safety renovations in H&M suppliers’ factories.[92]

Xinjiang region[edit]

In 2020, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute accused at least 82 major brands, including H&M, of being connected to forced Uyghur labor in Xinjiang.[93]

Controversy[edit]

Boycotts by China[edit]

In March 2021, after the EU, UK, US, and Canada’s joint sanctions against China over reports of human rights abuses in Xinjiang,[94] H&M’s stance on avoiding forced labor in Xinjiang and claim of not going to use cotton produced there was found and criticized by the Communist Youth League of China on its official Weibo page. Their post stated, «Spreading rumors to boycott Xinjiang cotton, while trying to make a profit in China? Wishful thinking!»

The viral post spread across mainland Chinese social media, leading to H&M facing significant criticism among Chinese social media users.[95] On 24 March 2021, H&M became the first fashion brand to be targeted in China, with its products removed from Chinese e-commerce platforms such as Pinduoduo, JD.com and Alibaba, its mobile application removed from Chinese app stores, and rideshare platform DiDi blocking customers from requesting H&M stores as their destinations.[96] Two of H&M’s brand ambassadors in China, Huang Xuan and Victoria Song, announced they were no longer collaborating with H&M.[97][98]

In August 2022, H&M resumed sales in China.[99]

Response[edit]

Chinese state media outlet China Global Television Network countered the statements against Xinjiang cotton with a video showing automation in cotton-picking and local Uyghurs claiming that the industry brought high earnings.[98] On 26 March 2021, the United States condemned the China-backed boycotts, with its Department of Commerce stating that the United States «has taken strong actions to stop China from profiting off of its human-rights abuses in Xinjiang and to stop imports of products made with forced labor in China.»[100]

On 31 March, H&M responded with a statement vowing to rebuild trust in China and serve its customers in a «respectful way».[101] H&M reported sales in China had fallen by approximately 23% for the second quarter of 2021 (compared to the same period in the last fiscal year).[102] According to a report,[103] more than half a million are forced to pick cotton in Xinjiang.[104]

Greenwashing Claims

A proposed class action lawsuit in the US is alleging H&M is greenwashing via the sustainability claims made in its Conscious Choice range. Earlier this year, The Norwegian Consumer Agency (Forbrukertilsynet) said it believed Norrøna is “breaking the law” in marketing clothes as environmentally friendly and issued a warning to H&M GROUP against using the same type of environmental claims.[105]

Other controversies[edit]

Time Controversy
6 January 2010 Was reported that unsold or refunded clothing and other items in one New York City store were cut up before being discarded, presumably to prevent resale or use.[106]
24 January 2012 Was reported to have stolen the work of a UK-based artist, Tori LaConsay, using it on multiple items without compensating her.[107]
August 2013 Withdrew faux-leather headdresses from its Canadian stores after consumers complained the items, part of the company’s «summer music festival» collection, were insulting to Canada’s Aboriginal peoples.[108]
6 November 2015 H&M South Africa division was accused of racism for its lack of black models in their photoshoots,[109] later stating that white models convey a more «positive Image.»[110]
8 January 2018 Showcased on their official United Kingdom website,[111] a black child model wearing a green hoodie reading, «Coolest Monkey in the Jungle», which sparked controversy.[112][113][114][115][116][117] This was especially so in the United States due to the use of the term «monkey» on a black person.[111]

In response, Canadian and American singers such as The Weeknd and G-Eazy boycotted the company by ending their partnerships with it over the image.[118][119][120] H&M later released an apology: «This image has now been removed from all H&M channels and we apologise to anyone this may have offended.»[121][122][123][124]

The mother of the model urged people to «stop crying wolf,» deeming it «an unnecessary issue.»[125] After the allegations, H&M stores were vandalized and looted in South Africa. In response, H&M temporarily closed stores there.[126][127]

13 July 2019 H&M docked the pay and suspended several unionized staff in three of its stores in New Zealand for wearing ‘Living wage’ stickers, as part of a wider industrial dispute.[128][129]
9 December 2020 Sweden’s Equality Ombudsman (DO) started an investigation into H&M following a media report accusing it of racism in Swedish stores.[130]

Philanthropy[edit]

Since January 2012 H&M has offered its H&M Design Award, an annual design prize for fashion graduates. The prize is established to support young designers with the beginning of their careers.[131]

See also[edit]

  • Bonds (clothing)
  • Gap Inc.
  • List of companies of Sweden
  • European Retail Round Table
  • Zara (retailer)

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Total full-time equivalent positions; H&M reports do not publish total full-time, part-time and casual employment levels.
  2. ^ Total full-time equivalent positions; H&M reports do not publish total full-time, part-time and casual employment levels.

References[edit]

  1. ^ «HM B, HENNES & MAURITZ B, (SE0000106270)». Nasdaqomxnordic.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  2. ^ «CEO of H&M Group». Hm.com. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  3. ^ a b c «H&M – Hennes & Mauritz». Forbes.
  4. ^ a b «Annual Report 2016» (PDF). Hennes & Mauritz. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  5. ^ «Operating profit of the H&M Group worldwide from 2009 to 2019». Statista. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
  6. ^ «Archived copy». Forbes. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ «H&M Group Annual and Sustainability Report 2021» (PDF). H&M Group. Retrieved 5 July 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ «Top Five Largest Fashion Retailers in the World». 15 December 2018.
  9. ^ a b c d e «H&M: Our-History». Archived from the original on 19 March 2013.
  10. ^ «Mote og kvalitet til beste pris – H& NO». Hm.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  11. ^ «Fashion and quality clothing at the best price – H& GB». Hm.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  12. ^ «Annual Report 1998» (PDF). hm.com. 1998. Retrieved 7 March 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ^ «H&M Home Fashions». H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB. 28 November 2008. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
  14. ^ «Markets and expansion». H&M Group. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  15. ^ «Best Global Brands Ranking for 2010». Archived from the original on 12 February 2011. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  16. ^ «Interbrand, Best Global Brand List». Archived from the original on 13 August 2010. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  17. ^ «BrandZ Top 100 Most Valuable Global Brands 2009» (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2010.
  18. ^ Velasquez, Angela (16 December 2022). «Good American Makes Friends with H&M». Sourcing Journal. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  19. ^ «Hennes & Mauritz Sales Miss Estimates After August Heatwave». Bloomberg. 17 September 2012.
  20. ^ Compare: «Annual Report 2016» (PDF). Hennes & Mauritz. p. 53. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 June 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2017. Operating profit amounted to SEK 22,168 m (21,754).
  21. ^ Ryan, Carol (1 October 2020). «H&M Heads Into Winter With a Sharper New Look». The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
  22. ^ IEJRD (10 June 2022). «IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON H&M». doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/7YHXG.
  23. ^ «H&M Group temporarily pauses all sales in Russia». H&M Group. 2 March 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2022.[permanent dead link]
  24. ^ «Ukraine conflict: Growing numbers of firms pull back from Russia». BBC News. 6 March 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  25. ^ «Australian singer Kylie Minogue chosen for H&M; beachwear campaign». Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
  26. ^ «Lana Del Rey is the new face of H&M». the Guardian. 17 July 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  27. ^ «Beyonce H&M Commercial Is One Long Music Video». Huffington Post. 25 April 2013. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  28. ^ «Nyheter – DN.SE». DN.SE. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
  29. ^ «Nyheter – DN.SE». DN.SE. Archived from the original on 1 October 2007.
  30. ^ «Abbigliamento di moda e qualità al miglior prezzo – H&M IT». H&M. Retrieved 30 May 2015.
  31. ^ «H&M Announces Comme des Garçons Line». The Cut. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  32. ^ «Fashion and quality clothing at the best price – H& US». Hm.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  33. ^ «Jimmy Choo – Press Release». Cision Wire. Archived from the original on 20 June 2009. Retrieved 17 June 2009.
  34. ^ «Lanvin for H&M – Press Release». 30 November 2010.
  35. ^ «Lanvin combines with H&M to sell affordable designer party clothes». the Guardian. 2 November 2010. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  36. ^ «H&M – Press Release». Cision Wire. Retrieved 21 June 2011.
  37. ^ Bergin, Olivia (3 May 2012). «Anna Dello Russo to design an accessories range for H&M». The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 5 May 2012.
  38. ^ Schneier, Matthew (29 September 2017). «Isabel Marant Wants to Dress You and Your Boyfriend». The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  39. ^ «Isabel Marant: ‘Sometimes we give an image of life that will never exist’«. the Guardian. 8 December 2013. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  40. ^ «Ikon London Magazine Article». Ikon London Magazine. 29 October 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  41. ^ «H&M has signed up this major popstar to front its Christmas campaign». The Independent. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  42. ^ «Kenzo X H&M». Ikon London Magazine. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
  43. ^ a b «H&M has made a short Wes Anderson film for its Christmas ad». BBC News. 28 November 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016 – via BBC.
  44. ^ Brown, Tracy (28 November 2016). «H&M wishes you a very Wes Anderson Christmas». Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  45. ^ «Wes Anderson creates ‘beautiful’ and ‘heartwarming’ ad for H&M». The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  46. ^ «Watch Wes Anderson’s charming Christmas advert for H&M». lwlies.com.
  47. ^ «Zara Larsson designs collection with H&M». 2.hm.com. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  48. ^ WW, FashionNetwork com. «Naomi Campbell is the face of H&M’s fall 2017 campaign». FashionNetwork.com. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  49. ^ «H&M launching collaboration with 1960s designer Richard Allan this summer». Independent.co.uk. 21 July 2019.
  50. ^ «Beirut-based Sandra Mansour creates line with H&M: The first Arab designer to do so». Thenationalnews.com. 17 July 2020.
  51. ^ «You can now shop the Simone Rocha x H&M collection online». You.co.uk. 11 March 2021.
  52. ^ «The Sims(tm) 2 H&M Fashion Stuff». Archived from the original on 18 December 2007. Retrieved 25 December 2007.
  53. ^ «H&M tests voice-activated mirrors at NYC flagship». Retail Dive. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  54. ^ «H&M is trialing a smart mirror that suggests outfits for you — and customers love it». Business Insider. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  55. ^ «Voice-Commerce: Smarter Spiegel spricht mit H&M-Kunden». lebensmittelzeitung.net. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  56. ^ Husband, Laura (6 January 2023). «H&M’s virtual Roblox Loooptopia game promotes fashion circularity». Just Style. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
  57. ^ «H&M to launch global clothes collecting initiative – Telegraph». Fashion.telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  58. ^ «News». About.hm.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  59. ^ «I:CO-System – I:CO – RETHINK. RECYCLE. REWARD. –». Archived from the original on 23 December 2012.
  60. ^ «Deforestation for fashion: getting unsustainable fabrics out of the closet». The Guardian. 25 April 2014.
  61. ^ Segran, Elizabeth (27 January 2021). «H&M is one of fashion’s biggest polluters. Now its foundation is on a $100 million quest to save the planet». Fastcompany.com. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  62. ^ «Home». Oecd-ilibrary.org. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  63. ^ «Why is H&M’s sustainability push failing to resonate with consumers?». Thedrum.com. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  64. ^ «Fashion Chain H&M Offers $1m Recycling Prize for Reusable Clothing». The Guardian. 24 August 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  65. ^ «H&M Foundation Launches A Virtual Clothing Collection Supporting 10 Sustainable Fashion Startups». Hybrid Rituals. 21 June 2021. ; CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  66. ^ «H&M suspends Brazil leather purchases over Amazon fires». news.yahoo.com. Retrieved 6 September 2019.
  67. ^ «H&M Halts Leather Purchases From Brazil After Amazon Wildfires». NDTV.com. Retrieved 6 September 2019.
  68. ^ Glover, Simon. «H&M targets greener supply chain transport». Ecotextile.com. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  69. ^ Okwodu, Janelle (12 April 2021). «Maisie Williams, H&M, and Animal Crossing Joined Forces to Recycle Your (Virtual) Clothes». Vogue.com. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
  70. ^ Davis, Jessica (12 April 2021). «Maisie Williams just landed a major new role at H&M». Harpersbazaar.com. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  71. ^ Yates, Jacqueline Laurean. «H&M introduces sustainable rental clothing service ONE/SECOND/SUIT». Good Morning America. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  72. ^ «H&M Group». Archived from the original on 16 December 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2015.
  73. ^ Rozario, Kevin (30 November 2022). «H&M Staff Cuts And Other Savings Of Almost $200 Million Fail To Convince Markets». Forbes.
  74. ^ a b Walker, Harriet (11 June 2012). «Cos: Thoroughly modern minimalism». The Independent. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  75. ^ Howarth, Dan (5 November 2014). ««Design and architecture has been a key influence» for COS». Dezeen. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  76. ^ Bernard, Katherine. «Coming to America: Why Vogue Loves COS Clothes». Vogue. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  77. ^ «H&M group – COS». about.hm.com.
  78. ^ cosstores.com. «Store Locator – COS GB». cosstores.com. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
  79. ^ Butler, Sarah (2 February 2012). «Cambodian workers hold «people’s tribunal» to look at factory conditions». The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
  80. ^ «Big brands rejected Bangladesh factory safety plan». Yahoo News. 26 April 2013.
  81. ^ Lucy Siegle (24 April 2013). «H&M: how does the fashion retailer’s sustainability report stack up?». The Guardian.
  82. ^ «In this issue of SCMR: The ethical supply chain». Scmr.com. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  83. ^ «Conservative MP ‘promoted cotton trade linked to child labour’«. The Ecologist. 2 January 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  84. ^ «Stop H&M Being Complicit in Cotton Crimes». Anti-Slavery International website. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  85. ^ Paton, Elizabeth (24 March 2021). «H&M Faces Boycott in China Over Stance on Treatment of Uyghurs». The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  86. ^ Chamberlain, Gethin (5 February 2017). «How high street clothes were made by children in Myanmar for 13p an hour». The Guardian.
  87. ^ «H&M: Honour your commitments to protect garment workers in Bangladesh». SumOfUs. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  88. ^ «H&M Clothes Made in Collapsed Cambodian Factory — WSJ.com». Online.wsj.com. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
  89. ^ Thomasson, Emma (25 November 2013). «H&M will aim to pay all textile workers «living wage» by 2018″. Reuters.com. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  90. ^ Liebelson, Dana (6 January 2014). «H&M Plans to Pay Garment Workers Fair Wages. Here’s Why That’s Probably BS». Mother Jones. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  91. ^ Shanley, Mia (10 April 2014). «H& calls for faster factory inspections in Bangladesh». Reuters.
  92. ^ «Evaluation of H&M Compliance with Safety Action Plans for Strategic Suppliers in Bangladesh» (PDF). The Clean Clothes Campaign. September 2015. Retrieved 23 October 2016. 16% of H&M factories haven’t removed locking doors … 61% of H&M factories with no fire exits
  93. ^ Xu, Vicky Xiuzhong; Cave, Danielle; Leibold, James; Munro, Kelsey; Ruser, Nathan (1 March 2020). «Uyghurs for Sale». Australian Strategic Policy Institute. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  94. ^ «EU, US, UK, Canada target China officials over Uyghur abuses». ABC News (Australia). 23 March 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  95. ^ Westcott, Ben (26 March 2021). «H&M and Nike are facing a boycott in China». CNN Business. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  96. ^ Zhang, Tianwei; Ap, Tiffany; Clark, Evan (25 March 2021). «Xinjiang Cotton: Li Ning, Anta Shares Surge While Nike, Adidas, Burberry Hit With Backlash». Wwd.com. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  97. ^ Ap, Tianwei Zhang, Tiffany; Zhang, Tianwei; Ap, Tiffany (24 March 2021). «H&M Removed From All Major Chinese Platforms Over Xinjiang Cotton Ban». Wwd.com. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  98. ^ a b «H&M faces boycott in China over Xinjiang cotton». MSN. BBC News. 25 March 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  99. ^ Lin, Clarence Leong and Liza (16 August 2022). «H&M Returns to China’s Internet After a 16-Month Disappearance». The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  100. ^ Mauldin, Alex Leary and William (26 March 2021). «U.S. Condemns Chinese Boycotts of Companies Shunning Xinjiang Cotton». Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  101. ^ Soderpalm, Helena; Ringstrom, Anna (31 March 2021). «H&M vows to rebuild trust in China after Xinjiang backlash». Reuters. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  102. ^ «H&M: Fashion giant sees China sales slump after Xinjiang boycott». BBC News. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
  103. ^ «Coercive Labor in Xinjiang: Labor Transfer and the Mobilization of Ethnic Minorities to Pick Cotton». Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  104. ^ «Xinjiang: more than half a million forced to pick cotton, report suggests». TheGuardian.com. 15 December 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  105. ^ «H&M under fire in US over sustainable material claims». Just Style. 15 November 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
  106. ^ (registration required) Dwyer, Jim (6 January 2010). «A Clothing Clearance Where More Than Just the Prices Have Been Slashed». The New York Times. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
  107. ^ «H&M Is Getting Slammed For Allegedly Copying An Artist’s Design». 25 January 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  108. ^ «H&M withdraws ‘offensive’ headdresses». the Guardian. 9 August 2013.
  109. ^ «H&M in racist debacle over ‘positive image’ tweet for lack of black models». TimesLive. 6 November 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  110. ^ «H&M South Africa Racist Tweets – News One». News One (Pakistani TV channel). 10 November 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  111. ^ a b «Terry Mango, Mom of Model Used to Sell Monkey Hoodie Defends H&M». ebony.com. 10 January 2018.
  112. ^ «H&M monkey hoodie sparks outrage for «racist» image». CBS News. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  113. ^ «H&M apologizes for using black child to sell ‘coolest monkey’ top». CNN. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  114. ^ «H&M slammed as racist for ‘monkey in the jungle’ hoodie». CNBC. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  115. ^ «H&M is apologizing for a product image called out as racist». Quartz. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  116. ^ «H&M apologises following backlash over ‘racist’ image of child model on website». The Independent. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  117. ^ «H&M Faces Twitter Backlash for «Racist» Hoodie – Pret-a-Reporter». The Hollywood Reporter. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  118. ^ «The Weeknd tweets that he’s cutting ties with H&M over hoodie ad». Business Insider. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  119. ^ «The Weeknd Cuts Ties With H&M After Racist Ad: ‘Shocked and…» KPRC-TV. 8 January 2018. Archived from the original on 9 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  120. ^ «G-Eazy ends partnership with H&M over ‘disturbing’ viral ‘monkey’ sweatshirt – SFGate». SFGate. 9 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  121. ^ «‘Coolest monkey in the jungle’: H&M in hot water after ‘distasteful’ hoodie ad – SBS News». sbs.com.au.
  122. ^ «H&M issues unequivocal apology for poorly judged product and image». HM.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  123. ^ «H&M on Twitter». Twitter. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  124. ^ «H&M on Twitter: «We’d like to put on record our position in relation to the controversial image of our hoodie. Our position is simple – we’ve got this wrong and we’re deeply sorry». Twitter. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  125. ^ «Terry Mango, Mom of Model Used to Sell Monkey Hoodie Defends H&M». ebony.com. 10 January 2018.
  126. ^ «H&M shops trashed in South Africa over «racist» hoodie». Harper’s Bazaar. 15 January 2018.
  127. ^ «UPDATE: Police confirm rubber bullets fired in H&M protests as shop looted». News 24.
  128. ^ «H&M staff suspended for wearing stickers: Union». Stuff. 13 July 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  129. ^ «Auckland H&M workers suspended after sticker protest for living wage». TVNZ. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  130. ^ Reuters Staff (9 December 2020). «Swedish equality ombudsman launches discrimination probe into H&M after media report». Reuters. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
  131. ^ «The H&M Design Award». dexigner.com. 13 January 2012.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to H&M.

  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • «Supplier list». Sustainability Reporting. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
Источник

Как правильно произносить названия самых известных брендов мира

h m как правильно произносить на русском

Мы хорошо знаем эти бренды, неоднократно слышали их названия в фильмах, видео и песнях, но до сих пор делаем ошибки, когда произносим их названия. Поэтому в этой статье мы выясним, какие названия всемирно известных брендов чаще всего произносятся неправильно, и узнаем, как звучит название вашего любимого бренда на английском. Let’s get started!

H&M

На первом месте у нас шведский бренд одежды и косметики, который выделяется своими доступными ценами, а еще и тем, что одежду оттуда можно увидеть не только на обычных модниках, но и на звездах Голливуда. К тому же, два магазина этого бренда недавно открылись в Украине, поэтому самое время научиться правильно произносить его название.

Итак, неправильно говорить «эмчэндэм», несмотря на то, что сейчас это очень популярная надпись на футболках;) Надо говорить «эйч-эн-эм», именно так, без дополнительного звука «д», который многие произносят из-за символа «&», что означает «and». Давайте посмотрим видео, чтобы запомнить правильное произношение.

Tommy Hilfiger

Признавайтесь, прочитали как «Томми Халфигер»? Да-да, это типичная ошибка при произношении названия этого бренда. Кстати, вам же известно, что Tommy Hilfiger – это американская транснациональная корпорация, дом моды, производитель дорогой одежды, обуви, парфюмерии, аксессуаров и мебели с сетью бутиков по всему миру?

А еще этот социально активный бренд разработал одежду для людей с ограниченными возможностями. Давайте посмотрим этот замечательный ролик и запомним, что правильно говорить «Томми Хилфигер».

Converse

Кеды «ко́нверс» точно есть, были или будут в каждой гардеробной! Старейший и до сих пор самый популярный бренд кедов во всем мире, в том числе 60% американцев имеют или имели эти кеды в своем шкафу. А еще только подумайте, их дизайн совсем не изменился с начала XX века. Поэтому давайте запомним, как произносится это название.

Nike

С произношением этого бренда связано много обсуждений и споров в соцсетях, ведь исходя из того, как пишется слово «nike», произносить название было бы логично как «найк» (можно провести с аналогии с bike, strike, hike), так собственно и говорят в Европе и, в частности, в Великобритании.

Но в Америке вы не услышите такого произношения, там название этого бренда звучит как «найки». Учитывая количество мемов, комментариев и обсуждений по правильному произношению, даже бренд узнал о такой проблеме, поэтому было решено написать письмо сооснователю бренда Филу Найту – кто, как не он, расставит все точки над «и».

В письме предлагалось обвести правильный вариант произношения из двух транскрипций. В результате, таки нужно говорить «найки».

Mercedes

«Мерсе́йдис» или «мерци́дес»? Выбирайте первое и произносите как англоязычные спикеры, однако будете злить немцев, потому что они говорят «мерци́дес» – именно так произносится название немецкого бренда в оригинале.

BMW

С названием этого бренда ситуация идентична. Англоязычные произносят как «би-эм-дабл-ю», а вот немцы настаивают на том, что название должно звучать как «би-эм-ви». Ну и собственно, чтобы не быть многословными, предлагаем посмотреть видео, как нужно произносить названия немецких машин английском от харизматичного немца ;)

Disney

Вы точно слышали об этой медиаимперии, и как насчет того, чтобы произносить название правильно? «Дизни» – именно такое звучит это слово на английском, но во всем мире люди произносят это название по-разному. Давайте посмотрим видео, как говорить правильно.

Ugg

Ugg – это модный бренд обуви и одежды, начинавший свою историю из бараньих сапог, изобретенных австралийским серфером, однако сейчас бренд принадлежит американской компании. Известен также украинским потребителям: почти у каждого хоть раз в жизни были сапоги от этого бренда, а еще все мы произносим название этого бренда неправильно, вы ведь тоже говорите «угги»? Поэтому учимся вместе и запоминаем английское «агг». Смотрите видео для того, чтобы убедиться и изучить уже сейчас.

Versace

И последнее название итальянского бренда, которое вы точно должны произносить правильно. А поможет вам в этом наше заключительное видео, там название произносится такое количество раз, которое вам следует повторить подряд, чтобы запомнить произношения всех брендов, о которых мы узнали сегодня.

Источник: https://p12.com.ua/journal/view/kak-pravilno-proiznosit-nazvaniya-brendov

h m как правильно произносить на русском

Чтобы походы в модные бутики и бьюти-корнеры не превратились в экзамен на безграмотность, мы составили список, как произносить названия брендов, с которыми чаще всего возникают трудности с правильным произношением.

Как правильно произносить названия модных брендов

Покупка одежды и обуви от известных брендов серьезно усложняет нам жизнь. Теперь мы не только не можем жить без любимых лодочек Christian Louboutin, но и не знаем, как правильно произнести название бренда. Не стоит пытаться самостоятельно перевести название марки на русский язык, в лучшем случае тебя просто не поймут, а в худшем – ты будешь выглядеть смешно.

Azzedine Alaïa – французский дизайнер с тунисскими корнями. Обычно трудности в произношении вызывает его фамилия с буквой латинского алфавита. Аззедин Алайя – все просто и легко.

Balenciaga – правильный ответ «Баленсиага». Все очень просто!

Balmain – по английским правилам звучит «Бальмэйн», но бренд назван по фамилии создателя французского дизайнера Пьера Бальма, значит правильно говорить Бальман.

Chloé – Клоэ – только так, с ударением на «э». Только не говори, что ты думала «Хлое».

Christian Lacroix – правильно звучит название бренда Кристиан Лакруа с ударением на последний слог. Причем звук «р» практически не произносится, как будто ты картавишь.

Christian Louboutin – имя французского дизайнера обуви, узнаваемой по фирменной красной подошве, звучит как Кристиан Лубутан. Но даже профессионалы ошибаются, говоря: «Лабутен», «Лабутин», «Лобутан».

Givenchy – французский Дом моды, созданный дизайнером Юбера Живанши, соответственно говорить следует Живанши.

Guy Laroche – имя французского дизайнера правильно говорится Ги Ларош. Но многие порой называют «Гай».

Hermés – название бренда часто произносят Эрме. Вроде, по правилам это верно (звук «с» во французской транскрипции должен отсутствовать), но в данном случае правильно говорить Эрмес. То же самое относится к бренду Rochas – правильно звучит Роша.

Hervé Léger – французский бренд, который стал известен благодаря изобретению бандажного платья. Ранее Hervé Peugnet, но Карл Лагерфельд посоветовал дизайнеру поменять труднопроизносимую фамилию на Léger. Произносится Эрве Лэже.

Lanvin – сразу хочется сказать Ланвин, но правильно Ланван.

Louis Vuitton – правильная версия произношения названия бренда Луи Виттон, а не Луи Вьюттон или Луи Вуиттон.

Maison Martin Margiela – новичку даже с хорошими знаниями французского языка сложно правильно произнести название знаменитого французского бренда. А звучит оно на самом деле весьма просто – Мэзон Мартан Маржела.

Rochas – Роша с ударением на последний слог.

Sonia Rykiel – Соня Рикель – так зовут королеву трикотажа и основательницу одноименного Дома моды Sonia Rykiel.

Yves Saint Laurent – французский дом моды, основанный Ивом Сен-Лораном, поэтому и говорим не иначе, как Ив Сэн Лоран.

Zuhair Murad – по-русски дословно звучит Зухэйр Мурад.

Anna Sui – очень часто имя известного дизайнеры можно услышать как Анна Сью, но правильно оно звучит Энна Суи.

Badgley Mischka – можно подумать, что это имя одного человека. На самом деле название состоит из фамилий двух дизайнеров, основавших бренд – Марка Бэджли и Джеймса Мишки, и звучит не иначе, как Бэджли Мишка.

Burberry Prorsum – английская компания, узнаваемая по фирменному знаку – «клетке». Произносится Бёрбери Прорсум, но никак не «Бурбери» или «Барбери».

Carolina Herrera – венесуэльско-американский дизайнер. Обычно трудности возникают с произношением фамилии. Говорить нужно на испанский манер, то есть Каролина Эррера.

Gareth Pubh – на русском имя английского дизайнера звучит как Гарет Пью.

Coach – многие любят сумки известного бренда Coach, но не все знают, как правильно произносить название марки. Коуч – так звучит на русском название бренда, известного своими модными аксессуарами.

Levi’s – создателя знаменитых джинсов звали Леви и по всем правилам нужно говорить Левис, а не Левайс. Хотя оба варианта уже давно вошли в общее употребление. Кстати, в штатах все говорят именно «Левайс». Спорить на эту тему можно бесконечно.

Manolo Blahnik – английский бренд, специализирующийся на производстве женской обуви. На русском правильно звучит название бренда как Маноло Бланик.

Marc Jacobs – дизайнера и основателя одноименного модного бренда зовут Марк Джейкобс. Хотя некоторые умудряются произносить Марк Якобс – звучит забавно.

Marchesa – английский бренд, но название его произносится по правилам итальянского языка – Маркеза.

Mary Katrantzou – несмотря на то, что дизайнер родилась в Греции, бренд является английским. Поэтому и произносим на британский манер – Мэри Катранзу.

Monique Lhuillier – имя известного дизайнера роскошных свадебных платьев правильно произносится как Моник Люлье.

Naeem Khan – имя американского дизайнера индийского происхождения звучит Наим Кан, но точно не «Хан».

Prabal Gurung – как пишется, так и читается – Прабал Гурунг.

Proenza Schouler – никакого «Шулер», правильно говорить Проэнза Скулер. Именно так правильно произносится американский бренд.

Ralph Lauren – несмотря на то, что фамилия дизайнера французская и многие ошибочно произносят «Лоран», бренд то американский. И правильно говорить Ральф Лорен с ударением на «о».

Rodarte – Родарте.

Roksanda Ilincic – а вот название бренда Roksanda Ilincic, несмотря на то, что он английский, произносится по правилам сербской транскрипции, так как дизайнер родилась в Белграде. И звучит как Роксанда Илинчич.

Vera Wang – фамилию Wang допускается произносить как Вэнг и Вонг, но первый вариант все же предпочтительнее. Да и сама дизайнер представляется как Вера Вэнг. То же самое относится и к бренду Alexander Wang.

Бонусом приводим еще одно название популярного бренда, которое никак не уживается в головах российских модниц.

Nike – все знают бренд, как «Найк». На самом деле, правильно говорить Найки. Но первый вариант настолько прижился в России, что даже официальное представительство компании у нас звучит иначе, как «Найк».

Bvlgari – название бренда основывается на латинском алфавите, где «V» равносильна «U». Есть еще одно «но» – ударение, поэтому говорим: «БулгАри», а не как многие «БУлгари».

DSquared2 – итальянский бренд, основанный братьями-канадцами, следует произносить Дискуэрт, но никак не Дискуаред.

Ermenegildo Zegna – настоящий взрыв мозга. С первого раза произнести довольно сложно, но, потренировавшись, Эрменеджильдо Зенья произносится так же легко, как и всеми известные бренды «Шанель» и «Кристиан Диор».

Fausto Puglisi – еще один итальянский бренд, с произношением которого могут часто возникают трудности. Правильно говорить Фасту Пуизи.

Miu Miu – итальянский бренд, который произносится по правилам итальянской транскрипции – Мью Мью.

Moschino – по этим же правилам читается и этот итальянский бренд. Произносится Москино, а не Мосчино, как это звучит по-английски.

Giambattista Valli – ничего сложно – Жамбаттиста Валли.

Другие дизайнерские бренды и марки

Ann Demeulemeester – бельгийского дизайнера правильно будет называть Анн Демельмейстер и никак иначе.

Dries Van Noten – в названии этого бренда сложно допустить ошибку. Как вы уже догадались, правильно звучит Дрис Ван Нотен.

Elie Saab – ливанский дизайнер, имя которого звучит Эли Сааб, но никак не Эль Сааб.

Issey Miyake – наконец-то в наш список «труднопроизносимых названий брендов» попал и японский дизайнер. Имя легенды японской моды правильно говорить Иссей Мияке. Имя второго известного дизайнера Yohji Yamamoto из страны восходящего солнца звучит Йоджи Ямамото.

Loewe – при произношении должно получаться что-то среднее между Лоуэвэ и Лоэвэ.

Peter Pilotto – название международного бренда правильно произносится Питер Пилато, а не «Пилото», как кажется на первый взгляд.

Philipp Plein – немецкий дизайнер, поэтому имя произносится Филипп Пляйн, а не «Плейн». Тот же случай, что с Calvin Klein – ведь мы говорим Кэльвин Кляйн.

Чтобы разобраться, британский журнал i-D решил провести модный урок по безграмотности, выпустив обучающий ролик. В четырехминутном уроке вместе с показом коллекций модели озвучивают названия брендов, начиная с Azzedine Alaïa, заканчивая Zegna.

Как правильно произносить названия бьюти-брендов

Та же самая история с произношением названий косметических брендов. Например, все знают марку l’occitane, многие из нас даже ей пользуются. Но как ее только не называют: и Локитан, и Лосситане, и Лочитан. Есть даже шутка, что у названия бренда есть порядка 40 вариантов произношения, но только один является правильным – Локситан.

Kiehl’s – американский бренд, основанный Джоном Килом, поэтому и произносится так же, как читается его фамилия – Килс.

Sephora – большинство из нас произносят название правильно, единственное, ударение нужно ставить на последний слог, на «а», то есть СефорА.

Babor – название немецкого бренда также многих приводит в недоумение. Правильно читается БАбор с ударением на «а».

Источник: https://chaspeek.ru/kostyumy/h-m-kak-chitaetsya-na-russkom-yazyke-kak-pravilno-proiznosit-nazvaniya/

Как писать и читать названия иностранных брендов — Камердинер

h m как правильно произносить на русском

В целом, принцип довольно простой: узнаёте, на каком языке написано название, и читаете название по правилам этого языка.

Подсмотреть правильное произношение можно в обучающих роликах на ютюбе — таких довольно много. Просто вбейте в поиск How to pronounce brand X (где X — это название бренда).

Пример обучающего ролика с ютюба

Исключения

Если вы произносите название бренда для русскоговорящего человека, в потоке русской речи, то название может поменяться.

Причина проста: язык часто сильно отличается от русского языка. И, например, часть звуков в английском языке, в принципе отсутствует в русском. Поэтому звуки огрубляются. Marks & Spencer — это «Маркс энд Спенсер» для русскоязычного человека, но англичанин звук [ р ] практически не произносит.

Или H&M — это «Эйч энд эм» для русскоязычных людей, но англоговорящий прочитает чуть иначе, проглотив звук [ д ]

Больше примеров

Вот 14 популярных брендов, которые мы специально написали кириллицей — чтобы вам было удобнее их произнести.

Dorothy Perkins — Доротти Перкинс
Finn Flare — Финн Флэр
Gap — ГэпGuess — Гесс

Nike — Найки

Lacoste — Лакосте
Tommy Hilfiger — Томми Хильфигер
Reserved — Резёрвд
Under Armour — Андер Армур
Vagabond — Вагабонд
Yves Saint Laurent — Ив Сент Лорен
Hermes — Эрмес
Balmain — Балмейн
Givency — Живенши

У названий есть окончание — оно меняется

Не будем мучить теорией: если для вас русский — родной язык, вы и так прекрасно знаете, как подобрать окончание. Например: посмотреть новый пиджак в «Эйч энд эме», скидки у «Хьюго Босса».

Тут только хотим кивнуть: так можно и нужно говорить. Не менять окончание — это грамматическая ошибка.

Грамотно

  • Новая коллекция «Хьюго Босса».
  • Новый сезон в магазине «Лакосте»,
    новый сезон в магазине Lacoste;

Неграмотно

  • Новый сезон в Lacoste
  • Распродажа в H&M;
  • Новая коллекция Hugo Boss.

Не склоняются названия на -о и -и. Например: зайти в «Массимо Дутти» (Massimo Dutti), заказать в «Юникло» (Uniqlo), посмотреть в «Гучи» (Gucci).

Названия можно писать кириллицей

Кириллицей (например, «Лакосте») обычно пишут в неформальных текстах — например, в соцсетях, блогах или журналах. А в официальных документах или при первом упоминании в тексте бренд набирают латиницей (Lacoste).

Если пишете латиницей, используйте зависимое слово

Чтобы понять, что такое зависимо слово, просто взгляните на пример.

Нет
В Zara начались скидки.

Да
В магазине Zara начались скидки

Такое слово можно спокойно склонять, а после него писать бренд на латинице: у бренда Tommy Hilfiger, от магазина Oysho.

Ставьте название на кириллице в кавычки

Если название написано кириллицей, его надо писать с кавычками-ёлочками: «Адидас».

Если на латинице (Adidas), кавычки не нужны: слово на латинице в кириллическом тексте и так заметно выделяется.

Источник: https://kamerdiner.io/culture/brandnames/

Источник

«Арфы нет-возьмите бубен!»(с)

Оу, а правильный это какой?

Хуэм)) Это шведская фирма по фамилиям двух владельцев Hennes & Mauritz Первая фамилия на Х и к английской эйч никакого отношения не имеет. А то так можно сказать, что на русском правильно говорить энэм. Мы же видим русскую букву Н
По крайней мере мне так кажется)
Здесь в самом начале видео слышно, как в шведских новостях говорят хуэм
www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCXai4OqRQw
Но вообще я говорю скорее хаэм, когда говорю с нашими людьми, потому что хуэм звучит не очень прилично))

Adversity has become part of my destiny.

Я что-то всю жизнь говорю «эйч-энд-эм»)

На ютубе даже полно роликов, как англичане учат произносить название правильно) и везде эйч))

Planet Earth is blue and there’s nothing I can do

Обана… То есть — хуэм.
Ниажиданна же.
)))

А мне было неожиданно узнать, что я со своим хуэмом какую-то глупость неправильную сказала) Я в Латвии этот бренд не носила, так что открыла его для себя уже в Швеции и не знала о другом варианте произношения

хаэндэм))

Это шведская фирма по фамилиям двух владельцев Hennes
А я думала, это немцы )) такие имена немецкие )))

как много вариантов-то оказывается))

We’re all just stories in the end.

Я в Германии, поэтому ха-унд-эм)). А в России — эйч-энд-эм.

прям чувствую себя дискриминируемой английским языком)))

life is sweet // there’s always time for tea and room for cake

Эйч-энд-эм, если не путаю с каким-то другим магазином, а я все время путаю %)
Все это местечковое, мне кажется. От страны зависит. В одной стране сложилось одно произношение, в другой — другое из-за фонетических или исторических каких-то особенностей. Таких множество примеров можно найти. Nike или Nikon, опять же. Имхо, все это ненужный в данном случае пуризм. (Ну и маркер страны проживания, в чем-то сродни «тесту на алкоголика» :alles: )

Не будите во мне зверя, а то он проснется и убежит

Baiba, Мой ребенок постоянно на меня ругается :gigi:

Я что-то всю жизнь говорю «эйч-энд-эм»)
Baiba, угу, вот так. У нас тут иначе не поймут) вот что значит глобализация)

вера в то, что где-то есть твой корабль(с)

Ха-энд-эм. это латынь в меня въелась.)

Свой вариант — Ашендэм)))

They will not control us, we will be victorious! ©

Эйч энд Эм :)
У тебя, вроде, нет такого варианта, так что в комменты.

я уже пожалела, что с этим эндом не дала вариант ага))
Fisha-Soi, а почему аш?

Baiba, отдельно h читается как аш из фр.языка. это когда в семье со школы у всех фр. преподавали, языковая смесь)))

Источник

Нам, людям из пиара, стыдно иногда не знать как произносятся правильно названия ведущих брендов — ведь часто мы учимся на их кейсах. Не говоря уже о том, что мы и сами частенько становимся потребителями вещей известных марок. В очередной раз послушав окружающих меня людей и посмотрев выпуск передачи «Топ-модель по-американски», где фигурировали непонятные  «кристьян лакрой» и «гермес», мы решили подготовить этот пост.

Если у вас возникнет желание поспорить, то, пожалуйста, не здесь. Каждую запись мы проверяли, поэтому если вы своими ушами не слышали, как Кристиан Лакруа сказал, что его фамилия произносится как «Лакройх», то не спорьте, пожалуйста. Мы исследовали десяток сайтов людей, которые не вылезают с модных показов и сверяли правильность произношения. Те, в которых были расхождения, мы в обзор включать не стали.

Так как со значком ударения в редакторе большая проблема, ударения будем выделять заглавной буквой. Сразу оговоримся, что иногда возможно несколько вариантов произношения и разные варианты произношения в разных странах. Мы возьмём те, которые считаются правильными в России.

Alexander McQueen — [алексАндр мАк куИн]

Giorgio Armani —  [джОрджо армАни]/[джиОрджио армАни]

Balmain — [бальмАн]. Вот тут обратите, пожалуйста, внимание: марка французская, поэтому сочетание ai читается как «а». Некоторые особенно продвинутые читают, конечно, и «бальмейн», но вы же не из их числа, так?

Bulgari — [бУлгари]

Burberry — [бёрбери]. Кто бы там что ни говорил. не верите? Слушайте.

Byblos —  [бИблос]

Cacharel — [кашарЭль]

Carolina Herrera —   [каролИна  эрЭра]

Cartier — [картьЕ]

Céline — [селИн]

Chanel —  [шанЭль]. Ну, это вы должны знать, как Отче Наш.

Chloé — [клоЭ]

Christian Dior — [кристиАн диОр]. Ещё одно Отче Наш.

Директор по онлайн-маркетингу

Christian Louboutin — [кристиАн лубутАн]. Прослушать

Christian Lacroix — [кристиАн лакруА]

Clarins — [кларАнс]

Dior Homme — [диОр Ом]. Кстати, примечание. Homme означает «мужской, мужчина» и всегда и везде читается как [Ом]. Femme означает «женский, женщина», и всегда и везде читается как [фАм]. Соответственно, названия духов «для него» — pour homme — будет читаться [пУр Ом], а «для неё» — pour femme [пУр фАм].

Dolce & Gabbana — [дОльче Энд габАна]/[дОльченгабАна]/[дОльчегабАна]

Dsquared —  [дискуЭирт]. По поводу этого названия тоже много споров, но произносится оно именно так.

DKNY (Donna Karan New York) — [дИ кЕй Эн уАй, дОна карАн ньЮ-йОрк]

Emilio Pucci — [эмИлио пУчи]

Escada — [эскАда]

Estée Lauder — [эстЭ лОудер]. Тут тоже интересная история. Название кажется французским, хотя марка американская. Поэтому в такой ненормальной эклектике и получился такой гибрид как [эстЭ лОудер]. Прослушать.

Ermenegildo Zegna — [эрмэнеджИльдо зЭнья]. А вот это маст-ноу для всех мужчин.

Etro — [этрО]

Hermès. Вот с этим брендом происходит очень интересная история. Во всё мире, в том числе и в России, обыватели произносят название бренда как «ГерМес». Но это не правильно. Французские обыватели, земля которых, собственно, и породила эту марку, читают название бренда как «эрмЭ». И делают с точки зрения французской фонетики правильно — первая буква немая, ударение на последний слог, последняя буква не читается. Вот только забывают французские обыватели, что имена собственные бывают исключениями из любого правила. Основателя марки звали ТьерИ Эрмэс (Thierry Hermès), поэтому единственно правильное произношение марки — это [эрмЭс], с лёгким не ударением, но придыханием на первом слоге. Прослушать можно здесь.

Hublot — [юблО]

Guy Laroche — [ги ларОш]

Gianfranco Ferré — [жанфрАнко ферЭ]

Givenchy — [живаншИ]. Отца-основателя марки звали Hubert de Givenchy [юбЭр дэ живаншИ]

John Galliano — [джОн гальЯно]

Jean-Paul Gaultier — [жАн-пОль готьЕ]

Jimmy Choo — [джИми чУ]

Gucci — [гУчи]

Guess — [гЕс]. Гласная — что-то среднее между «Е» и «Э»

Jimmy Choo — [джИми чУ]

Lacoste — [лакОст]

Karl Lagerfeld — [кАрл лагерфЕльд]. А этим умникам-англоманам скажите, что Лагерфельд — немец.

Levi Strauss — [левАй стрАус]. Прослушать.

Loewe — [лОвэ]. Прослушать.

Louis Vuitton — [луИ вуитОн]/[луИ витОн]/[луИ вюитон] — во всех трёх случаях «н» произносится в нос

LVMH (Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy) — [эль вэ эм аш], [луИ вюитОн мОэт эннессИ]. Прослушать здесь и здесь.

Stella McCartney — [стЭлла мАк кАртни]

Mandarina Duck — [мандарИна дАк]

Max Mara — [мАкс мАра]

Miu Miu — [мИу мИу]

Moschino — [москИно]. Дизайнера самого зовут Франко Москино

Nina Ricci — [нИна рИчи]

Paul Smith — [пОл смИт]

Pierre Cardin — [пьЕр кардАн]. Это в идеале. Часто в России говорят и «кардЭн». Главное, чтоб не «кардин».

Prada — [прАда]. Дизайнер — Миучча Прада [миУча прАда]

Ralph Lauren — [рАльф лОрен] — опять французско-американская лингвистическая подстава.

Robert Piguet — [робЭр пигЕ]

Salvatore Ferragamo — [сэльватОрэ феррагАмо]

Seiko — [сэйко]

Sergio Rossi — [сЕржо рОсси]

Sonia Rykiel — [соньЯ рикЕль]

Shiseido — [щисэйдО]

Tommy Hilfiger — [тОмми хилфИгэ(р)]. Английский язык, поэтому последняя буква мягко читается

Tissot — [тиссО]

Ulysse Nardin — [улИс нардАн]. «У» похож скорее на «Ю». Прослушать.

Van Cleef & Arpels — [ван клиф энд арпЭл]

Versace — [версАче]

Viktor & Rolf — [виктОр энд рОльф]

Wyler Genève — [вИллер женЕв]

Yohji Yamamoto — [йОджи йамамОто]

Yves Saint Laurent — [Ив сЭн лорАн]

SMM-менеджер: продвижение бизнеса в социальных сетях

Zuhair Murad — [зухЕр мурАд]

Естественно, я охватила здесь далеко не все бренды, но по крайней мере те, что у всех на слуху. Поблагодарить можно в комментариях. Если что-то будете забирать к себе на сайт или в блог, не забудьте кинуть прямую активную ссылку на меня.

Особенно продвинутым в делах модных брендов, но не особенно продвинутым в делах фонетики, советуем просмотреть-прослушать-прочитать вот эту запись модного блогера Брайан Бой — там он упоминает о многих брендах, о которых мы не рассказали здесь.

На этом, пожалуй, всё. Произносите названия любимых брендов правильно!

Источник

  • Как пишется эйсипи на английском
  • Как пишется юху на английском
  • Как пишется эйс оф бейс на английском
  • Как пишется юфс на английском
  • Как пишется эйр подс