Как пишется нальчик на английском

Nalchik (Russian: Нальчик; Kabardian: НалщӀэч /naːɮɕʼakʲ/; Karachay-Balkar: Нальчик /naltsɯk/) is the capital city of Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia, situated at an altitude of 550 meters (1,800 ft) in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains; about 100 kilometers (62 mi) northwest of Beslan (Beslan is in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania).^[12] It covers an area of 131 square kilometers (51 sq mi). Population: 247,054 (2021 Census);^[13] 240,203 (2010 Census);^[4] 274,974 (2002 Census);^[14] 234,547 (1989 Census).^[15]

Nalchik Нальчик
City
Other transcription(s)
• Kabardian	НалщӀэч
• Balkar	Нальчик
Bochka Bar, Pobeda Cinema, Cathedral of Equal to the Apostle Mary Magdalene, Fountain at the Place de la Concorde in the Lenina Street, Monument to the Nalchans who died in the Great Patriotic War, Trees in a park, Snow in a memorial, Statue of Lenin, Central Mosque, KBSU Main Building
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Nalchik
Nalchik Location of Nalchik Nalchik Nalchik (Kabardino-Balkaria)
Coordinates: 43°29′N 43°37′E / 43.483°N 43.617°ECoordinates: 43°29′N 43°37′E / 43.483°N 43.617°E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Kabardino-Balkaria
Founded	1724
City status since	1921
Government
• Body	City Council[1]
• Head[2]	Taymuraz Akhokhov[2]
Area [3]
• Total	67 km2 (26 sq mi)
Elevation	512 m (1,680 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[4]
• Total	240,203
• Estimate  (2018)[5]	239,300 (−0.4%)
• Rank	78th in 2010
• Density	2,234.3/km2 (5,787/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	city of republic significance of Nalchik[6]
• Capital of	Kabardino-Balkar Republic
• Capital of	city of republic significance of Nalchik[6]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Nalchik Urban Okrug[7]
• Capital of	Nalchik Urban Okrug[7]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [8])
Postal code(s)[9]	360000, 360005, 360032, 360901, 360903, 360904
Dialing code(s)	+7 8662[10]
OKTMO ID	83701000001
City Day	September 1[11]
Website	admnalchik.ru

HistoryEdit

The territory of modern-day Nalchik was formerly known as Slabada. It was inhabited by native Kabardians, Balkars, Chechens, Adeki, and Cherkese, until around 1743; groups occasionally clashed over and dispute their claims to the land. The modern city dates from the early 19th century when the expanding Russian Empire built a fort there together with settling Mountain Jews in 1818; this date is seen at the top of the city’s coat of arms. With the founding of the city of Nalchik, the disputes among the native groups calmed and life improved for the people in the region.

In 1838, a Russian military settlement was founded in the city, and after the Russian Revolution of 1917, in the year 1921, Nalchik was given the status of administrative center of Kabardin Autonomous Oblast. During the Russian Empire, the settlement was the administrative capital of the Nalchiksky Okrug of the Terek Oblast.

The word «Nalchik» literally means «small horseshoe» in Kabardian (or Circassian, a Northwest Caucasian language) and Karachay-Balkar (a Turkic language). It is a diminutive of na’l, a common Middle Eastern word (Arabic, Persian, Turkish) for «horseshoe», possibly from the ancient Scythian, ‘nalak» (horseshoe). The city of Nalchik was named this way because of how it is shaped as surrounded by the mountains of the land, and the Nalchik River is named after the city it runs across.

During World War II, on 2 November 1942, Nalchik was occupied by Romanian mountain troops (Vânători de munte) under the command of Brigadier General Ioan Dumitrache, its capture earning the Romanian General the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross.^[16] The city was heavily damaged during the conflict. General Dumitrache went to great length ordering his troops to protect local population during the time Nalchik was occupied by Romanian forces. Professor A. N. Dainaco, the Mayor of Nalchik at that time, thanked General Dumitrache for liberating the city. Although he was accused of war crimes, General Dumitrache was fully exonerated after the war by a joint Soviet and Romanian judicial commission.^[17]

Due to the harsh treatment of Jewish People by the Soviet Union, there has been a mass exodus of Jews from Nalchik over the decades, reducing the population that is left to a small percentage of what once was.

The historic River Nalchik was at its strongest until the 1950s, until the outflow from the mountains began to decrease.

In 1990, there was a 6.0 magnitude earthquake in Nalchik.

Street scene on the Nalchik Outskirts with a view of the mountain range

Nalchik was chosen the «second cleanest city of Russia» in 2003.

On October 13, 2005, Nalchik was attacked by a large group of Yarmuk Jamaat militants led by Shamil Basayev and Anzor Astemirov. Buildings associated with the Russian security forces were targeted, killing at least 14 civilians and wounding 115. Thirty-five policemen were killed in the fighting and eighty-nine militants, including prominent leader Ilias Gorchkhanov, were killed while another fifty-nine were arrested.

Administrative and municipal statusEdit

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with four rural localities, incorporated as the city of republic significance of Nalchik—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.^[6] As a municipal division, the city of republic significance of Nalchik is incorporated as Nalchik Urban Okrug.^[7]

Ethnic groupsEdit

Cathedral of Equal to the Apostle Mary Magdalene

Central Mosque of Nalchik

The population of the city in 2006 included the following breakdown by ethnicity:^{[citation needed]}

• Kabardians (Adiga) (42.3%)
• Russians (28.3%)
• Balkars (Taulu) (15.2%)
• others (13.2%)

2002 census data is as follows:^[18]

• Kabardians (47.3%)
• Russians (31.8%)
• Balkars (11.4%)
• Ossetians (1.9%)
• Ukrainians (1.0%)

Economy and educationEdit

Nalchik is a balneological and mountain climatotherapy resort, with several sanatoriums. It also serves as an industrial center of the republic (non-ferrous metallurgy, light industry, construction materials manufacturing, machine building).

Nalchik is home to the following facilities of higher education:

• Kabardino-Balkarian State University^[19]
• North Caucasian State Institute of Arts^[20]
• Kabardino-Balkarian State Agricultural Academy^[21]

ClimateEdit

Nalchik has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfa) with hot summers and no dry season. The warm season lasts from late May to mid-September and the cold season from December to March. Most forms of precipitation are light rain and thunderstorms, as well as light snow and moderate snow. Wind speeds are typically calm to a light breeze through the year.

Climate data for Nalchik (Нальчик)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	0.2 (32.4)	1.0 (33.8)	6.6 (43.9)	16.0 (60.8)	20.9 (69.6)	24.7 (76.5)	27.1 (80.8)	26.3 (79.3)	22.0 (71.6)	14.5 (58.1)	8.3 (46.9)	3.1 (37.6)	14.2 (57.6)
Average low °C (°F)	−7.1 (19.2)	−6.0 (21.2)	−1.3 (29.7)	5.4 (41.7)	10.6 (51.1)	14.1 (57.4)	16.7 (62.1)	15.8 (60.4)	11.7 (53.1)	5.4 (41.7)	1.0 (33.8)	−3.7 (25.3)	5.2 (41.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	22 (0.9)	23 (0.9)	38 (1.5)	63 (2.5)	99 (3.9)	100 (3.9)	72 (2.8)	61 (2.4)	55 (2.2)	43 (1.7)	29 (1.1)	26 (1.0)	631 (24.8)
Average precipitation days	6	6	8	9	11	11	9	7	7	7	7	7	95
Mean monthly sunshine hours	69	71	117	141	185	235	222	210	201	153	93	63	1,760
Source 1: Gydrometcenter[22]
Source 2: City Hall of Nalchik[23]

SportsEdit

PFC Spartak Nalchik is an association football club based in Nalchik, playing in the Russian Premier League. The 2008 World Women’s Chess Championship has also been held in Nalchik on August 28–September 18, 2008.^[24]

Notable peopleEdit

• Khadzhimurat Akkayev, Olympic weightlifter, born 1985
• Astemir Apanasov, Circassian singer, musician, composer, and actor
• Viktor Belenko, Soviet pilot who defected with a MiG-25, landing in Hakodate, Japan
• Dima Bilan, singer, born 1981
• Felix Frankl, Austrian and Soviet mathematician, physicist and aerodynamics (1905–1961)
• Andre Geim, Soviet, British and Netherlands physicist; Nobel laureate
• Muhadin Kishev, Soviet and Spanish artist, born 1938
• Andrei Kolkoutine painter, born 1957
• Azamat Kuliev, painter, born 1963
• Eldar Kuliev, film director, screenwriter, born 1951
• Alim Kouliev, actor, theater director, born 1959
• Katya Lel, singer, born in 1974
• Alexander Litvinenko, ex-FSB officer turned anti-Putin activist, born 1962, poisoned with polonium-210 and died 2006.
• Leo Mol, Soviet and Canadian artist and sculptor (1915–2009)
• Nikolay Pavlov, professional footballer, born 1987
• Yuri Temirkanov, orchestra conductor, born 1938
• Mikhail Zalikhanov, academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, born 1939

Twin towns and sister citiesEdit

•   Amman, Jordan
•   Kayseri, Turkey
•   Vladikavkaz, Russia
•   Reno, Nevada, United States

ReferencesEdit

NotesEdit

1. ^ «Совет местного самоуправления городского округа Нальчик пятого созыва». Nalchik City Council. Nalchik City Council. June 28, 1995. Archived from the original on December 6, 2013. The supreme and exclusive legislative (representative) body of the state power in Nalchik is the Nalchik City Council.
2. ^ ^{a b} Местная администрация городского округа Нальчик (in Russian). Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. Retrieved October 30, 2010.
3. ^ «Регионы России. Основные социально-экономические показатели городов». 2012 г. (in Russian). Retrieved November 12, 2013.
4. ^ ^{a b} Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
5. ^ «26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года». Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
6. ^ ^{a b c} Law #12-RZ
7. ^ ^{a b c} Law #13-RZ
8. ^ «Об исчислении времени». Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
9. ^ «Почтовые индексы России».
10. ^ http://www.rt.ru/help-info/mg/index.php?SELECTED_CHAR=%CD^{[permanent dead link]}
11. ^ «Паспорт городского округа Нальчик». na.adm-kbr.ru. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
12. ^ «Dozens die as Russian city raided.» BBC. Thursday October 13, 2005. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
13. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
14. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
15. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
16. ^ Spencer C. Tucker, World War II: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection (5 volumes), ABC-CLIO, 2016, p. 1422
17. ^ https://en-gmr.mapn.ro/app/webroot/fileslib/upload/files/arhiva%20reviste/RMT/2020/2%202020%20rmt/bichir.pdf^{[bare URL PDF]}
18. ^ «Население кабардино-балкарии».
19. ^ «Organisations.Kabardino-Balkar State University». mathnet.ru. Retrieved September 27, 2009.
20. ^ «North-Caucasus State Institute of Arts». Universities, Colleges and Institutes Directory of Russian Federation (Russia) .University-directory.eu. Retrieved September 27, 2009.
21. ^ «Federal Education Kabardino-Balkar State Agricultural Academy» (in Russian). Education in Russia. edu.ru. Retrieved September 27, 2009.
22. ^ «Gydrometcenter: Historical Weather for Nalchik».
23. ^ «City Hall of Nalchik : Sundata for Nalchik». June 2011. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011.
24. ^ «World Women’s Championship.World Chess Federation 2008». FIDE. Archived from the original on August 19, 2009. Retrieved September 27, 2009.

SourcesEdit

• Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №12-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после опубликования. Опубликован: «Кабардино-Балкарская правда», б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #12-RZ of February 27, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014 On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the publication date.).
• Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №13-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об статусе и границах муниципальных образований в Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования. Опубликован: «Кабардино-Балкарская правда», б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #13-RZ of February 27, 2005 On the Status and the Borders of the Municipal Formations in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014 On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the official publication date.).

External linksEdit

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Nalchik.

• Nalcik. Official Website of Kabardino-Balkaria (in Russian)

(Redirected from Nal’chik)

Nalchik Нальчик
City
Other transcription(s)
• Kabardian	НалщӀэч
• Balkar	Нальчик
Bochka Bar, Pobeda Cinema, Cathedral of Equal to the Apostle Mary Magdalene, Fountain at the Place de la Concorde in the Lenina Street, Monument to the Nalchans who died in the Great Patriotic War, Trees in a park, Snow in a memorial, Statue of Lenin, Central Mosque, KBSU Main Building
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Nalchik
Nalchik Location of Nalchik Nalchik Nalchik (Kabardino-Balkaria)
Coordinates: 43°29′N 43°37′E / 43.483°N 43.617°ECoordinates: 43°29′N 43°37′E / 43.483°N 43.617°E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Kabardino-Balkaria
Founded	1724
City status since	1921
Government
• Body	City Council[1]
• Head[2]	Taymuraz Akhokhov[2]
Area [3]
• Total	67 km2 (26 sq mi)
Elevation	512 m (1,680 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[4]
• Total	240,203
• Estimate  (2018)[5]	239,300 (−0.4%)
• Rank	78th in 2010
• Density	2,234.3/km2 (5,787/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	city of republic significance of Nalchik[6]
• Capital of	Kabardino-Balkar Republic
• Capital of	city of republic significance of Nalchik[6]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Nalchik Urban Okrug[7]
• Capital of	Nalchik Urban Okrug[7]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [8])
Postal code(s)[9]	360000, 360005, 360032, 360901, 360903, 360904
Dialing code(s)	+7 8662[10]
OKTMO ID	83701000001
City Day	September 1[11]
Website	admnalchik.ru

Nalchik (Russian: Нальчик; Kabardian: НалщӀэч /naːɮɕʼakʲ/; Karachay-Balkar: Нальчик /naltsɯk/) is the capital city of Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia, situated at an altitude of 550 meters (1,800 ft) in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains; about 100 kilometers (62 mi) northwest of Beslan (Beslan is in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania).^[12] It covers an area of 131 square kilometers (51 sq mi). Population: 247,054 (2021 Census);^[13] 240,203 (2010 Census);^[4] 274,974 (2002 Census);^[14] 234,547 (1989 Census).^[15]

History[edit]

The territory of modern-day Nalchik was formerly known as Slabada. It was inhabited by native Kabardians, Balkars, Chechens, Adeki, and Cherkese, until around 1743; groups occasionally clashed over and dispute their claims to the land. The modern city dates from the early 19th century when the expanding Russian Empire built a fort there together with settling Mountain Jews in 1818; this date is seen at the top of the city’s coat of arms. With the founding of the city of Nalchik, the disputes among the native groups calmed and life improved for the people in the region.

In 1838, a Russian military settlement was founded in the city, and after the Russian Revolution of 1917, in the year 1921, Nalchik was given the status of administrative center of Kabardin Autonomous Oblast. During the Russian Empire, the settlement was the administrative capital of the Nalchiksky Okrug of the Terek Oblast.

The word «Nalchik» literally means «small horseshoe» in Kabardian (or Circassian, a Northwest Caucasian language) and Karachay-Balkar (a Turkic language). It is a diminutive of na’l, a common Middle Eastern word (Arabic, Persian, Turkish) for «horseshoe», possibly from the ancient Scythian, ‘nalak» (horseshoe). The city of Nalchik was named this way because of how it is shaped as surrounded by the mountains of the land, and the Nalchik River is named after the city it runs across.

During World War II, on 2 November 1942, Nalchik was occupied by Romanian mountain troops (Vânători de munte) under the command of Brigadier General Ioan Dumitrache, its capture earning the Romanian General the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross.^[16] The city was heavily damaged during the conflict. General Dumitrache went to great length ordering his troops to protect local population during the time Nalchik was occupied by Romanian forces. Professor A. N. Dainaco, the Mayor of Nalchik at that time, thanked General Dumitrache for liberating the city. Although he was accused of war crimes, General Dumitrache was fully exonerated after the war by a joint Soviet and Romanian judicial commission.^[17]

Due to the harsh treatment of Jewish People by the Soviet Union, there has been a mass exodus of Jews from Nalchik over the decades, reducing the population that is left to a small percentage of what once was.

The historic River Nalchik was at its strongest until the 1950s, until the outflow from the mountains began to decrease.

In 1990, there was a 6.0 magnitude earthquake in Nalchik.

Nalchik was chosen the «second cleanest city of Russia» in 2003.

On October 13, 2005, Nalchik was attacked by a large group of Yarmuk Jamaat militants led by Shamil Basayev and Anzor Astemirov. Buildings associated with the Russian security forces were targeted, killing at least 14 civilians and wounding 115. Thirty-five policemen were killed in the fighting and eighty-nine militants, including prominent leader Ilias Gorchkhanov, were killed while another fifty-nine were arrested.

Administrative and municipal status[edit]

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with four rural localities, incorporated as the city of republic significance of Nalchik—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.^[6] As a municipal division, the city of republic significance of Nalchik is incorporated as Nalchik Urban Okrug.^[7]

Ethnic groups[edit]

The population of the city in 2006 included the following breakdown by ethnicity:^{[citation needed]}

• Kabardians (Adiga) (42.3%)
• Russians (28.3%)
• Balkars (Taulu) (15.2%)
• others (13.2%)

2002 census data is as follows:^[18]

• Kabardians (47.3%)
• Russians (31.8%)
• Balkars (11.4%)
• Ossetians (1.9%)
• Ukrainians (1.0%)

Economy and education[edit]

Nalchik is a balneological and mountain climatotherapy resort, with several sanatoriums. It also serves as an industrial center of the republic (non-ferrous metallurgy, light industry, construction materials manufacturing, machine building).

Nalchik is home to the following facilities of higher education:

• Kabardino-Balkarian State University^[19]
• North Caucasian State Institute of Arts^[20]
• Kabardino-Balkarian State Agricultural Academy^[21]

Climate[edit]

Nalchik has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfa) with hot summers and no dry season. The warm season lasts from late May to mid-September and the cold season from December to March. Most forms of precipitation are light rain and thunderstorms, as well as light snow and moderate snow. Wind speeds are typically calm to a light breeze through the year.

Sports[edit]

PFC Spartak Nalchik is an association football club based in Nalchik, playing in the Russian Premier League. The 2008 World Women’s Chess Championship has also been held in Nalchik on August 28–September 18, 2008.^[24]

Notable people[edit]

• Khadzhimurat Akkayev, Olympic weightlifter, born 1985
• Astemir Apanasov, Circassian singer, musician, composer, and actor
• Viktor Belenko, Soviet pilot who defected with a MiG-25, landing in Hakodate, Japan
• Dima Bilan, singer, born 1981
• Felix Frankl, Austrian and Soviet mathematician, physicist and aerodynamics (1905–1961)
• Andre Geim, Soviet, British and Netherlands physicist; Nobel laureate
• Muhadin Kishev, Soviet and Spanish artist, born 1938
• Andrei Kolkoutine painter, born 1957
• Azamat Kuliev, painter, born 1963
• Eldar Kuliev, film director, screenwriter, born 1951
• Alim Kouliev, actor, theater director, born 1959
• Katya Lel, singer, born in 1974
• Alexander Litvinenko, ex-FSB officer turned anti-Putin activist, born 1962, poisoned with polonium-210 and died 2006.
• Leo Mol, Soviet and Canadian artist and sculptor (1915–2009)
• Nikolay Pavlov, professional footballer, born 1987
• Yuri Temirkanov, orchestra conductor, born 1938
• Mikhail Zalikhanov, academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, born 1939

Twin towns and sister cities[edit]

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

Sources[edit]

• Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №12-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после опубликования. Опубликован: «Кабардино-Балкарская правда», б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #12-RZ of February 27, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014 On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the publication date.).
• Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №13-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об статусе и границах муниципальных образований в Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования. Опубликован: «Кабардино-Балкарская правда», б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #13-RZ of February 27, 2005 On the Status and the Borders of the Municipal Formations in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014 On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the official publication date.).

External links[edit]

• Nalcik. Official Website of Kabardino-Balkaria (in Russian)

(Redirected from Nal’chik)

Nalchik Нальчик
City
Other transcription(s)
• Kabardian	НалщӀэч
• Balkar	Нальчик
Bochka Bar, Pobeda Cinema, Cathedral of Equal to the Apostle Mary Magdalene, Fountain at the Place de la Concorde in the Lenina Street, Monument to the Nalchans who died in the Great Patriotic War, Trees in a park, Snow in a memorial, Statue of Lenin, Central Mosque, KBSU Main Building
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Nalchik
Nalchik Location of Nalchik Nalchik Nalchik (Kabardino-Balkaria)
Coordinates: 43°29′N 43°37′E / 43.483°N 43.617°ECoordinates: 43°29′N 43°37′E / 43.483°N 43.617°E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Kabardino-Balkaria
Founded	1724
City status since	1921
Government
• Body	City Council[1]
• Head[2]	Taymuraz Akhokhov[2]
Area [3]
• Total	67 km2 (26 sq mi)
Elevation	512 m (1,680 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[4]
• Total	240,203
• Estimate  (2018)[5]	239,300 (−0.4%)
• Rank	78th in 2010
• Density	2,234.3/km2 (5,787/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	city of republic significance of Nalchik[6]
• Capital of	Kabardino-Balkar Republic
• Capital of	city of republic significance of Nalchik[6]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Nalchik Urban Okrug[7]
• Capital of	Nalchik Urban Okrug[7]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [8])
Postal code(s)[9]	360000, 360005, 360032, 360901, 360903, 360904
Dialing code(s)	+7 8662[10]
OKTMO ID	83701000001
City Day	September 1[11]
Website	admnalchik.ru

Nalchik (Russian: Нальчик; Kabardian: НалщӀэч /naːɮɕʼakʲ/; Karachay-Balkar: Нальчик /naltsɯk/) is the capital city of Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia, situated at an altitude of 550 meters (1,800 ft) in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains; about 100 kilometers (62 mi) northwest of Beslan (Beslan is in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania).^[12] It covers an area of 131 square kilometers (51 sq mi). Population: 247,054 (2021 Census);^[13] 240,203 (2010 Census);^[4] 274,974 (2002 Census);^[14] 234,547 (1989 Census).^[15]

History[edit]

The territory of modern-day Nalchik was formerly known as Slabada. It was inhabited by native Kabardians, Balkars, Chechens, Adeki, and Cherkese, until around 1743; groups occasionally clashed over and dispute their claims to the land. The modern city dates from the early 19th century when the expanding Russian Empire built a fort there together with settling Mountain Jews in 1818; this date is seen at the top of the city’s coat of arms. With the founding of the city of Nalchik, the disputes among the native groups calmed and life improved for the people in the region.

In 1838, a Russian military settlement was founded in the city, and after the Russian Revolution of 1917, in the year 1921, Nalchik was given the status of administrative center of Kabardin Autonomous Oblast. During the Russian Empire, the settlement was the administrative capital of the Nalchiksky Okrug of the Terek Oblast.

The word «Nalchik» literally means «small horseshoe» in Kabardian (or Circassian, a Northwest Caucasian language) and Karachay-Balkar (a Turkic language). It is a diminutive of na’l, a common Middle Eastern word (Arabic, Persian, Turkish) for «horseshoe», possibly from the ancient Scythian, ‘nalak» (horseshoe). The city of Nalchik was named this way because of how it is shaped as surrounded by the mountains of the land, and the Nalchik River is named after the city it runs across.

During World War II, on 2 November 1942, Nalchik was occupied by Romanian mountain troops (Vânători de munte) under the command of Brigadier General Ioan Dumitrache, its capture earning the Romanian General the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross.^[16] The city was heavily damaged during the conflict. General Dumitrache went to great length ordering his troops to protect local population during the time Nalchik was occupied by Romanian forces. Professor A. N. Dainaco, the Mayor of Nalchik at that time, thanked General Dumitrache for liberating the city. Although he was accused of war crimes, General Dumitrache was fully exonerated after the war by a joint Soviet and Romanian judicial commission.^[17]

Due to the harsh treatment of Jewish People by the Soviet Union, there has been a mass exodus of Jews from Nalchik over the decades, reducing the population that is left to a small percentage of what once was.

The historic River Nalchik was at its strongest until the 1950s, until the outflow from the mountains began to decrease.

In 1990, there was a 6.0 magnitude earthquake in Nalchik.

Nalchik was chosen the «second cleanest city of Russia» in 2003.

On October 13, 2005, Nalchik was attacked by a large group of Yarmuk Jamaat militants led by Shamil Basayev and Anzor Astemirov. Buildings associated with the Russian security forces were targeted, killing at least 14 civilians and wounding 115. Thirty-five policemen were killed in the fighting and eighty-nine militants, including prominent leader Ilias Gorchkhanov, were killed while another fifty-nine were arrested.

Administrative and municipal status[edit]

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with four rural localities, incorporated as the city of republic significance of Nalchik—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.^[6] As a municipal division, the city of republic significance of Nalchik is incorporated as Nalchik Urban Okrug.^[7]

Ethnic groups[edit]

The population of the city in 2006 included the following breakdown by ethnicity:^{[citation needed]}

• Kabardians (Adiga) (42.3%)
• Russians (28.3%)
• Balkars (Taulu) (15.2%)
• others (13.2%)

2002 census data is as follows:^[18]

• Kabardians (47.3%)
• Russians (31.8%)
• Balkars (11.4%)
• Ossetians (1.9%)
• Ukrainians (1.0%)

Economy and education[edit]

Nalchik is a balneological and mountain climatotherapy resort, with several sanatoriums. It also serves as an industrial center of the republic (non-ferrous metallurgy, light industry, construction materials manufacturing, machine building).

Nalchik is home to the following facilities of higher education:

• Kabardino-Balkarian State University^[19]
• North Caucasian State Institute of Arts^[20]
• Kabardino-Balkarian State Agricultural Academy^[21]

Climate[edit]

Nalchik has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfa) with hot summers and no dry season. The warm season lasts from late May to mid-September and the cold season from December to March. Most forms of precipitation are light rain and thunderstorms, as well as light snow and moderate snow. Wind speeds are typically calm to a light breeze through the year.

Sports[edit]

PFC Spartak Nalchik is an association football club based in Nalchik, playing in the Russian Premier League. The 2008 World Women’s Chess Championship has also been held in Nalchik on August 28–September 18, 2008.^[24]

Notable people[edit]

• Khadzhimurat Akkayev, Olympic weightlifter, born 1985
• Astemir Apanasov, Circassian singer, musician, composer, and actor
• Viktor Belenko, Soviet pilot who defected with a MiG-25, landing in Hakodate, Japan
• Dima Bilan, singer, born 1981
• Felix Frankl, Austrian and Soviet mathematician, physicist and aerodynamics (1905–1961)
• Andre Geim, Soviet, British and Netherlands physicist; Nobel laureate
• Muhadin Kishev, Soviet and Spanish artist, born 1938
• Andrei Kolkoutine painter, born 1957
• Azamat Kuliev, painter, born 1963
• Eldar Kuliev, film director, screenwriter, born 1951
• Alim Kouliev, actor, theater director, born 1959
• Katya Lel, singer, born in 1974
• Alexander Litvinenko, ex-FSB officer turned anti-Putin activist, born 1962, poisoned with polonium-210 and died 2006.
• Leo Mol, Soviet and Canadian artist and sculptor (1915–2009)
• Nikolay Pavlov, professional footballer, born 1987
• Yuri Temirkanov, orchestra conductor, born 1938
• Mikhail Zalikhanov, academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, born 1939

Twin towns and sister cities[edit]

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

Sources[edit]

• Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №12-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после опубликования. Опубликован: «Кабардино-Балкарская правда», б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #12-RZ of February 27, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014 On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the publication date.).
• Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №13-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об статусе и границах муниципальных образований в Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования. Опубликован: «Кабардино-Балкарская правда», б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #13-RZ of February 27, 2005 On the Status and the Borders of the Municipal Formations in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014 On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the official publication date.).

External links[edit]

• Nalcik. Official Website of Kabardino-Balkaria (in Russian)

нальчик

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.

Перевод «Нальчик» на английский

И город Нальчик станет отличным местом для занятий всевозможными видами спорта.

And the city of Nalchik will be an excellent place to practice all kinds of sports.

Нальчик смог сохранить свои первозданные традиции и современный ритм жизни.

Nalchik was able to preserve his primeval traditions and modern rhythm of life.

Состояние его здоровья, очевидно, не позволяло ему участвовать в нападении на Нальчик.

The condition of his health evidently would not have made it possible for him to take part in the attack on Nalchik.

Сегодня Нальчик продолжает эффективно возрождать свой курортный потенциал.

Today, the Nalchik continues to effectively revive its resort potential.

Сегодня утром Нальчик атакован по разным оценкам группой из трехсот боевиков.

This morning, Nalchik attacked by various estimates, a group of three hundred fighters.

Нальчик является одним из признанных научных центров региона.

Nalchik is one of the recognized research centers in the region.

Нападение на Нальчик было совершено 13 октября 2005 года.

The attack on Nalchik was committed on October 13, 2005.

Нальчик — превосходное место для проведения шахматных турниров .

Nalchik is a perfect place for holding chess tournaments .

В 1939, окончив институт, возвращается в Нальчик, преподает в учительском институте литературу.

In 1939, after graduating from the institute, he returns to Nalchik, teaches literature at the teachers’ institute.

Заявителю пришлось развернуться и объездным путем в 300 километров попасть в г. Нальчик через другой контрольно-пропускной пункт.

He had had to turn back and make a detour of 300 kilometres to reach Nalchik through a different checkpoint.

Ближайший аэропорт: Нальчик, 130 км.

Nearest airport: Nalchik, 130 km.

Создать рабочую группу по содействию в подготовке и проведении в 2016 году сплошного федерального статистического наблюдения за деятельностью субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства в городском округе Нальчик.

About creation of the working group on assistance in preparation and carrying out in 2016 continuous federal statistical supervision over activity of subjects of small and medium entrepreneurship in the city district Nalchik.

Город Нальчик, помимо своего культурного и исторического наследия, также знаменит как крупная здравница, государственного значения.

The city of Nalchik, in addition to its cultural and historical heritage, also famous as a major resort of the state value.

Хотел бы с радостью отметить, что Нальчик становится одним из центров развития мировых шахмат.

I would like to gladly emphasize that Nalchik is becoming one of the centers of the world chess development.

Когда я ехал в Нальчик, родители сказали, что здесь очень гостеприимные и дружелюбные люди.

When I was going to Nalchik my parents told me that people are very friendly and hospitable here.

Его тело на вертолете доставили в город Нальчик, а трое других путешественников спустились с горы самостоятельно.

His body was airlifted by helicopter to the city of Nalchik, and three other travelers came down from the mountain on their own.

В городе находится винодельческий завод, который, в частности, производит минеральную газовую воду «Нальчик».

Also, there is a wine-making plant which, in particular, produces gas water «Nalchik» from mineral springs situated in the city.

После войны Нальчик получил обычную уличную сеть с множеством жилых домов и административных зданий, построенных в течение 1950-х и 1970-х годов.

After the war, Nalchik received a regular street network with a lot of blocks of flats and administrative buildings constructed within the 1950ies and the 1970ies.

Земельный участок площадью 140 га, небольшое помещение складского типа и сарайчик — с такой базы начинался аэропорт Нальчик.

A land plot of 140 hectares, a small warehouse-type room and a shed — from such a base Nalchik airport began.

Последней крупной операцией боевиков было нападение на Нальчик в 2005 году.

The last major militant operations was the attack on Nalchik in 2005.

Ничего не найдено для этого значения.

Результатов: 111550. Точных совпадений: 216. Затраченное время: 118 мс

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