Великая и прекрасная Останкинская телебашня
До постройки Останкинской телебашни основным телерадиовещательным центром Москвы и Московской области был телецентр на Шаболовке. Со временем сигнала стало не хватать стремительно развивающемуся городу и области. Поэтому в середине 50-х годов ХХ века было принято решение построить более высокую башню, которая своим сигналом покрывала бы всю Москву и Московскую область.
Министерство связи объявляет всесоюзный конкурс на создание общесоюзной радиотелевизионной передающей станции. В рамках конкурса предоставлено около 40 проектов металлических башен.
В комиссии присутствует Николай Васильевич Никитин, выдающийся советский инженер, доктор технических наук, архитектор и конструктор своего времени. Профессиональное чутье подсказывает Никитину, что все решения очень громоздкие и никак не вяжутся с архитектурным обликом Москвы.
На Совете Никитин внимательно изучает проект и неожиданно предлагает: башня должна быть из бетона — предварительно напряженного бетона. На представление проекта новому участнику конкурса дают неделю, он обещает сделать за 3 дня. Сам Хрущев решает судьбу проекта, ткнув пальцем в ватман с изящной башней.
В 1960 году 27 сентября закладывают фундамент Останкинской телебашни. Руководителем процесса назначили Николая Никитина. На реализацию этого проекта у Николая Васильевича ушло 7 лет.
Глубина залегания фундамента Останкинской телебашни — 4,6 метра. Именно из-за этого фактора строительство Останкинской телебашни было остановлено на 2 года, так как многие не верили, включая и высшее руководство, что на таком не глубоком фундаменте башня может выстоять.
Назначаются экспертизы, проводятся дополнительные исследования, подключается СМИ и только в 1963 году одобряется дальнейшее строительство.
Высота Останкинской телебашни — 540 метров. На момент создания она была самой высокой свободностоящей башней в мире, а на сегодняшний день — это самая высокая башня в Европе.
Посещение башни мы запланировали с организованной экскурсией — заранее через сайт купили билеты. Добирались на метро до ст. Бутырская и далее пешком:
При покупке билетов предупреждают, что явиться нужно за час до начала экскурсии, что было весьма удивительно. Однако когда мы начали проходить бесконечные досмотры все встало на свои места. Трижды нас проверяли на наличие запрещенных предметов и веществ.
До начала экскурсии можно ознакомиться с экспозицией мультимедийного комплекса, посвященной истории строительства и конструктивным особенностям Телебашни. Она располагается в фойе и на отметке 337 метров.
Далее в назначенное время приглашают к лифтам на подъем.
Мы выбрали Маршрут № 2 «Башня изнутри», куда входит посещение отметки 85 метров с экскурсоводом и отметки 337 метров без экскурсовода.
Сначала мы поднялись на технический уровень (85 метров) и прослушали очень интересный рассказ экскурсовода о конструктивных и инженерных особенностях сооружения.
Останкинская телебашня построена из железобетона. Железобетон — материал крепкий, прочный, но у него есть недостаток — он непластичный. Чтобы придать башне дополнительную прочность, пластичность Н. В. Никитин предложил использовать метод «Предварительного напряжения бетона». Суть метода проста: внутри ствола башни от конусной части до отметки 385 метров параллельно друг другу, в продольном направлении натянуты 145 армирующих стальных канатов. Каждый канат натянут с усилением в 70 тонн. Благодаря этому башня может противостоять погодным аномалиям и даже выдержать землетрясение в 8 баллов по шкале Рихтера. Общая масса телебашни вместе с фундаментом составляет 55000 тонн и большая часть этого веса находится внизу — поэтому башня никогда не упадет. Она как неваляшка!
На открытую площадку (85 метров) выход в касках и при благоприятных погодных условиях.
Было немного волнительно! Вроде как везде ограждения, но вот ощущения от того, что ты стоишь на арматуринах на высоте 85 метров над землей были весьма острые!
Виды открываются прекрасные!
Далее отправляемся на отметку 337 метров.
Уникальная конструкция прозрачного пола на высоте 337 метров:
Лифт. Кстати, лифтов несколько. Один лифт для «туристов», второй служебный, третий — для ресторана и кафе. Да, кухня расположена внизу и все заказанное доставляется наверх в лифте!
К слову, нам повезло и с лифтом. Когда мы спускались, лифт экстренно затормозил где-то посередине пути и мы с удовольствием понаблюдали за работой сотрудников. Наш лифтер присела на корточки, открыла какую-то потайную дверку, достала телефон и начала связь с диспетчером. Обсудили что-то, поколдовали и мы продолжили путь вниз. О чем они говорили, я, естественно, уже не помню, уж очень волнительно все было! К слову, до этого нам рассказывал экскурсовод как долго и интересно спускаться пешком по лестнице… Когда плохая погода, лифты отключаются автоматически, и спуск происходит старинным пешеходным способом. P. S. Все сотрудники сдают регулярно нормативы по физподготовке!
Обратно мы поехали со станции «Телецентр» на монорельсе до ВДНХ.
Все понравилось! Очень интересно и познавательно, всем рекомендую посещение!
Грустно только то, что на открытую смотровую площадку на отметке 340 метров мы не попали, так как она работает в период с мая по октябрь.
Полезные ссылки:
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✔️ Русские гиды и экскурсии по всему миру. Трансферы, услуги фотографов и многое другое.
✔️ Дешевые авиабилеты? Конечно Aviasales.
| Ostankino Tower | |
|---|---|
|
Останкинская телебашня |
|
Ostankino Tower in June 2021 |
|
Location in Moscow |
|
| Record height | |
| Tallest in the world from 1967 to 1974[I] | |
| Preceded by | Empire State Building |
| Surpassed by | CN Tower |
| General information | |
| Status | Completed |
| Type | Observation, telecommunications, tourism |
| Location | Moscow, Russia |
| Coordinates | 55°49′11″N 37°36′42″E / 55.81972°N 37.61167°ECoordinates: 55°49′11″N 37°36′42″E / 55.81972°N 37.61167°E |
| Construction started | 1963 |
| Completed | 1967 |
| Owner | Unitary enterprise Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network |
| Height | |
| Antenna spire | 540.1 m (1,772.0 ft) |
| Roof | 385.4 m (1,264.4 ft) |
| Top floor | 360.4 m (1,182.4 ft) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 120 (equivalent) |
| Floor area | 15,000 m2 (160,000 sq ft) |
| Lifts/elevators | 11[1] |
| Design and construction | |
| Structural engineer | Nikolai Nikitin |
| References | |
| [2][3] |
Ostankino Tower (Russian: Останкинская телебашня, romanized: Ostankinskaya telebashnya) is a television and radio tower in Moscow, Russia, owned by the Moscow branch of unitary enterprise Russian TV and Radio Broadcasting Network. Standing 540.1 metres (1,772 ft), it was designed by Nikolai Nikitin, Pyotr Gorchakov and Yuri Kondratyuk. As of 2022, it is the tallest free-standing structure in Europe and 12th tallest in the world. Between 1967 and 1974, it was the tallest in the world. The tower was the first free-standing structure to exceed 500 m (1,600 ft) in height. Ostankino was built to mark the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution. It is named after the surrounding Ostankino district of Moscow.[4][5]
History[edit]
Construction and record holder[edit]
Construction began in 1963 and was completed in 1967. Extensive use of prestressed concrete resulted in a simple and sturdy structure. It surpassed the Empire State Building to become the tallest free-standing structure in the world. It held this record for eight years until it was overtaken by the CN Tower in Toronto, Canada in 1975, which surpassed its height by 13 metres (43 ft).[6]
Height increase plan[edit]
In 1994, there was a plan to increase the tower’s height to 561 metres (1,841 ft) by adding a long antenna. However, this plan to reclaim the «tallest free-standing structure in the world» was not implemented due to lack of funding.[7]
Reopening and recent activity[edit]
In April 2009, the observation platform reopened,[8] and the Seventh Heaven restaurant reopened in November 2016.[9]
On 21 July 2018, there was a race up the tower, featuring athletes from 12 countries. They ran up the narrow, spiral staircase and reached the location at an altitude of 337.0 meters. The fastest of the 28 athletes was German, Christian Riedl, who made it to the top in 9 minutes and 51 seconds. The women’s winner was Cynthia Harris (USA), who reached the top in 12 minutes and 15 seconds. Absolute records were then broken into the categories of men and women.[10]
Accidents[edit]
Over the course of its 21st century history, there have been accidents at the tower, including a fire in 2000, the tower struck by a parachutist in 2004, and a minor fire in 2007.
August 2000 fire[edit]
The tower on fire on 27 August 2000
The tower caught fire on 27 August 2000, killing three people. A firefighter and lift operator died when their elevator cabin crashed to the ground level due to the fire. In addition, television and radio signals were disrupted around Moscow. The fire broke out at a height of about 458 m (1,502.6 ft), or approximately 98 metres (322 ft) above the observation platform and the Seventh Heaven restaurant, after a short-circuit in wiring belonging to a paging company. The fire forced the evacuation of all visitors and staff from those locations. According to Russian news agencies, the evacuation was complete 90 minutes after the start of the fire. The loss was substantial due to the age and poor maintenance of the electronic equipment, much of which was installed in the 1960s. In addition, the tower had become increasingly packed with equipment.[12]
The failure of the fire suppression systems allowed the fire to destroy most of the tower’s interior. Although more than 300 firefighters and other emergency workers were called in, firemen were forced to haul heavy equipment, including chemical fire extinguishers, by hand up the tower to halt the fire. Temporary firewalls of asbestos placed 70 metres (230 ft) up stopped further spread. The fire knocked out virtually all television broadcasts in Moscow and the surrounding regions. The only television station unaffected was the private NTV station, but the government decreed that state channels took priority, and as such, the RTR TV channel began transmitting to several Moscow districts.[13]
The fire caused the tower’s upper spire to tilt slightly, triggering fears the tower might collapse. The subsequent inspection determined that although the structure sustained heavy damage, the tower was not in danger of collapse. Efforts began immediately to rebuild the tower, which proved to be a long and expensive task.[14][15]
The fire was the third disaster in Russia in a month, following an explosion in Moscow’s Pushkinskaya Metro Station (which killed 12 people and injured 150), and the sinking of the submarine Kursk in the Barents Sea, in which 118 died. Russian President Vladimir Putin stated that «This latest accident shows the shape of our vital installations and the overall state of our country. We should not fail to see major problems in the country behind this accident, and we should not forget the economy. Whether or not such accidents happen again in the future will depend on how we work in this vital direction.»[16][17]
On 25 March 2005, the first new elevators since the August 2000 fire, made by the German company ThyssenKrupp, were tested and put into service. The new elevators travel at a speed of 6 metres per second (20 ft/s)[18]
2004 tower struck[edit]
On 1 July 2004, Austrian BASE jumper Christina Grubelnik struck the tower during her descent, receiving a concussion and losing consciousness. Her parachute snagged on a lower-level service platform and she was rescued by Russian emergency services.[19][20][21]
2007 fire[edit]
On 25 May 2007, the Ostankino again caught fire, though it was less serious this time and isolated to a platform on the outside of the tower. All people inside the tower were evacuated and the fire was successfully extinguished, with no casualties.[22]
360° panorama from observation deck of the Ostankino TV tower
Channels listed by frequency[edit]
The tower compared to high-rise apartments
«Sed’moe Nebo» restaurant with winter view
Analogue radio (FM)[edit]
| Station | Frequency | ERP |
|---|---|---|
| «Radio Russia» (5:00–1:00) | 66.44 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Pi-FM» (6:00-0:00) | 71.30 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Business FM» | 87.50 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Retro FM» | 88.30 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Radio Jazz» | 89.10 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Echo of Moscow» | 91.20 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Culture» | 91.60 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Kommersant FM» | 93.60 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Moscow speaking» | 94.80 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Rock FM» | 95.20 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Dorozhnoe Radio» | 96.200 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Vesti FM» | 97.60 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Radio Chocolate» (5:00-1:00) | 98.00 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Orpheus» | 99.20 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Radio Russki Hit» | 99.60 MHz | 10.0 kW |
| «Radio Vera» | 100.90 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Dance FM» | 101.2 MHz | 10.0 kW |
| «Monte Carlo» | 102.10 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Radio Maximum» | 103.7 MHz | 10.0 kW |
| «Russian Radio» | 105.70 MHz | 10.0 kW |
| «Europa Plus» | 106.2 MHz | 10.0 kW |
Digital television (DVB-T2)[edit]
| Station | Channel | Frequency | ERP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Second multiplex: (REN-TV, Spas, STS, Domashniy, TV-3, Sport Plus, Zvezda, Mir, TNT, Muz-TV) | 24 | 10 kW | |
| First multiplex: (Channel One, Russia 1, Match TV, Russia K, Russia 24, Karusel, NTV, Channel 5, OTR, TV Center) | 30 | 10 kW | |
| ООО «Цифровое ТРВ» (encoded): (DVisionLive, DVisionNews, DVisionSpice, TV1000) | 32 | 1 kW | |
| Third multiplex (special for Moscow and Moscow region):
Lifenews (24 hours), |
34 | 10 kW |
Analogue television[edit]
In Moscow and the Moscow Region, along with 18 other regions, analogue television closed on 15 April 2019, at 12:00 (UTC+3).
| Station | Channel | Frequency | ERP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Channel One | 1 | MHz | 40 kW |
| Russia-1 | 2 | MHz | 40 kW |
| TV Tsentr | 3 | MHz | 40 kW |
| NTV | 4 | MHz | 1 kW |
| Match TV | 6 | MHz | 1 kW |
| NTV | 8 | MHz | 40 kW |
| REN TV | 9 | MHz | 40 kW |
| Moscow 24 | 10 | MHz | 40 kW |
| Russia 1 | 11 | MHz | 60 kW |
| Che | 23 | MHz | 10 kW |
| 360*Super | 25 | MHz | 105 kW |
| STS-Moscow | 27 | MHz | 5 kW |
| Disney Channel (Russia) | 29 | MHz | 10 kW |
| Domashniy | 31 | MHz | 20 kW |
| Russia K | 33 | MHz | 20 kW |
| TNT | 35 | MHz | 5 kW |
| Channel Five | 44 | MHz | 5 kW |
| TV-3 | 46 | MHz | 10 kW |
| REN TV | 49 | MHz | 20 kW |
| U | 51 | MHz | 20 kW |
| Zvezda | 57 | MHz | 5 kW |
| 2×2 | 60 | MHz | 5 kW |
See also[edit]
- Ostankino Technical Center
- List of tallest buildings and structures in the world
- List of tallest structures in the former Soviet Union
- List of towers
- Fernsehturm Stuttgart – first TV tower built from concrete and prototype for many similar towers built later
References[edit]
- ^ Ostankino Tele Tower at Skyscraperpage.com
- ^ «Emporis building ID 111722». Emporis. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016.
- ^ «Ostankino Tower». SkyscraperPage.
- ^ «Fire at television tower offers new evidence of Russia’s decay». The Independent. Associated Press. 28 August 2000. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012.
- ^ «Russia’s Tallest TV Tower Was Created as Symbol of USSR’s Power». Pravda.ru. 21 September 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
- ^ «What if the CN Tower Caught Fire?». CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 10 November 2000. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2007.
- ^ «Ostankino Tower». Emporis Research. Archived from the original on 17 June 2004. Retrieved 7 January 2008.
- ^ «Московский Региональный Центр : Экскурсии» [Moscow Regional Center : Excursions]. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ «В Останкинской башне открылся ресторан «Седьмое небо»» [Restaurant «Seventh Heaven» opened in the Ostankino Tower]. 18 November 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ «News detail». Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ Russian TV knocked out as fire rages through 1,800ft tower by Barry Renfrew, The Independent, 28 August 2000 Archived 25 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Bodies recovered from Moscow TV tower fire. CNN.com, 28 August 2000. Archived 4 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Russia tower fire ‘under control’, CNN.com, 28 August 2000. Archived 3 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Four feared trapped in burning Moscow tower, CNN.com, 28 August 2000. Archived 3 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Fire in 1,800ft TV tower adds to Russians’ feeling of doom by Helen Womackin, The Independent, 29 August 2000. Archived 3 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ August, the Cruelest Month by Yuri Zarakhovich, CNN.com. 4 September 2000. Archived 8 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ «Installation of elevators in the Ostankino TV tower». mitol.ru. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
- ^ Article about the accident (in Dutch). radio.nl
- ^ Hector Rim (12 March 2012). «moscow tv tower jump accident-Moscú Torre de tv,accidente en salto..wmv». Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 4 October 2018 – via YouTube.
- ^ AP Worldstream (1 July 2004) Austrian parachutist injured, knocked unconscious in jump from Moscow TV tower. www.highbeam.com
- ^ Fire out at Moscow landmark tower. BBC News
External links[edit]
- Ostankino Television Tower
- A visit to the Ostankino Television Tower at redpenguin.net
- BBC: Moscow’s TV tower saved
- Ostankino Tower at Structurae
- Ostankino Tower Above the Clouds at EnglishRussia.com
- Ostankino Tele Tower at Skyscraperpage.com
- Building Tallest Tower at EnglishRussia.com
| Records | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by
Empire State Building |
World’s tallest free-standing structure 1967–1975 |
Succeeded by
CN Tower |
| Preceded by
Tokyo Tower |
World’s tallest tower 1967–1975 |
| Ostankino Tower | |
|---|---|
|
Останкинская телебашня |
|
|
Ostankino Tower in June 2021 |
|
|
Location in Moscow |
|
| Record height | |
| Tallest in the world from 1967 to 1974[I] | |
| Preceded by | Empire State Building |
| Surpassed by | CN Tower |
| General information | |
| Status | Completed |
| Type | Observation, telecommunications, tourism |
| Location | Moscow, Russia |
| Coordinates | 55°49′11″N 37°36′42″E / 55.81972°N 37.61167°ECoordinates: 55°49′11″N 37°36′42″E / 55.81972°N 37.61167°E |
| Construction started | 1963 |
| Completed | 1967 |
| Owner | Unitary enterprise Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network |
| Height | |
| Antenna spire | 540.1 m (1,772.0 ft) |
| Roof | 385.4 m (1,264.4 ft) |
| Top floor | 360.4 m (1,182.4 ft) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 120 (equivalent) |
| Floor area | 15,000 m2 (160,000 sq ft) |
| Lifts/elevators | 11[1] |
| Design and construction | |
| Structural engineer | Nikolai Nikitin |
| References | |
| [2][3] |
Ostankino Tower (Russian: Останкинская телебашня, romanized: Ostankinskaya telebashnya) is a television and radio tower in Moscow, Russia, owned by the Moscow branch of unitary enterprise Russian TV and Radio Broadcasting Network. Standing 540.1 metres (1,772 ft), it was designed by Nikolai Nikitin, Pyotr Gorchakov and Yuri Kondratyuk. As of 2022, it is the tallest free-standing structure in Europe and 12th tallest in the world. Between 1967 and 1974, it was the tallest in the world. The tower was the first free-standing structure to exceed 500 m (1,600 ft) in height. Ostankino was built to mark the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution. It is named after the surrounding Ostankino district of Moscow.[4][5]
History[edit]
Construction and record holder[edit]
Construction began in 1963 and was completed in 1967. Extensive use of prestressed concrete resulted in a simple and sturdy structure. It surpassed the Empire State Building to become the tallest free-standing structure in the world. It held this record for eight years until it was overtaken by the CN Tower in Toronto, Canada in 1975, which surpassed its height by 13 metres (43 ft).[6]
Height increase plan[edit]
In 1994, there was a plan to increase the tower’s height to 561 metres (1,841 ft) by adding a long antenna. However, this plan to reclaim the «tallest free-standing structure in the world» was not implemented due to lack of funding.[7]
Reopening and recent activity[edit]
In April 2009, the observation platform reopened,[8] and the Seventh Heaven restaurant reopened in November 2016.[9]
On 21 July 2018, there was a race up the tower, featuring athletes from 12 countries. They ran up the narrow, spiral staircase and reached the location at an altitude of 337.0 meters. The fastest of the 28 athletes was German, Christian Riedl, who made it to the top in 9 minutes and 51 seconds. The women’s winner was Cynthia Harris (USA), who reached the top in 12 minutes and 15 seconds. Absolute records were then broken into the categories of men and women.[10]
Accidents[edit]
Over the course of its 21st century history, there have been accidents at the tower, including a fire in 2000, the tower struck by a parachutist in 2004, and a minor fire in 2007.
August 2000 fire[edit]
The tower on fire on 27 August 2000
The tower caught fire on 27 August 2000, killing three people. A firefighter and lift operator died when their elevator cabin crashed to the ground level due to the fire. In addition, television and radio signals were disrupted around Moscow. The fire broke out at a height of about 458 m (1,502.6 ft), or approximately 98 metres (322 ft) above the observation platform and the Seventh Heaven restaurant, after a short-circuit in wiring belonging to a paging company. The fire forced the evacuation of all visitors and staff from those locations. According to Russian news agencies, the evacuation was complete 90 minutes after the start of the fire. The loss was substantial due to the age and poor maintenance of the electronic equipment, much of which was installed in the 1960s. In addition, the tower had become increasingly packed with equipment.[12]
The failure of the fire suppression systems allowed the fire to destroy most of the tower’s interior. Although more than 300 firefighters and other emergency workers were called in, firemen were forced to haul heavy equipment, including chemical fire extinguishers, by hand up the tower to halt the fire. Temporary firewalls of asbestos placed 70 metres (230 ft) up stopped further spread. The fire knocked out virtually all television broadcasts in Moscow and the surrounding regions. The only television station unaffected was the private NTV station, but the government decreed that state channels took priority, and as such, the RTR TV channel began transmitting to several Moscow districts.[13]
The fire caused the tower’s upper spire to tilt slightly, triggering fears the tower might collapse. The subsequent inspection determined that although the structure sustained heavy damage, the tower was not in danger of collapse. Efforts began immediately to rebuild the tower, which proved to be a long and expensive task.[14][15]
The fire was the third disaster in Russia in a month, following an explosion in Moscow’s Pushkinskaya Metro Station (which killed 12 people and injured 150), and the sinking of the submarine Kursk in the Barents Sea, in which 118 died. Russian President Vladimir Putin stated that «This latest accident shows the shape of our vital installations and the overall state of our country. We should not fail to see major problems in the country behind this accident, and we should not forget the economy. Whether or not such accidents happen again in the future will depend on how we work in this vital direction.»[16][17]
On 25 March 2005, the first new elevators since the August 2000 fire, made by the German company ThyssenKrupp, were tested and put into service. The new elevators travel at a speed of 6 metres per second (20 ft/s)[18]
2004 tower struck[edit]
On 1 July 2004, Austrian BASE jumper Christina Grubelnik struck the tower during her descent, receiving a concussion and losing consciousness. Her parachute snagged on a lower-level service platform and she was rescued by Russian emergency services.[19][20][21]
2007 fire[edit]
On 25 May 2007, the Ostankino again caught fire, though it was less serious this time and isolated to a platform on the outside of the tower. All people inside the tower were evacuated and the fire was successfully extinguished, with no casualties.[22]
360° panorama from observation deck of the Ostankino TV tower
Channels listed by frequency[edit]
The tower compared to high-rise apartments
«Sed’moe Nebo» restaurant with winter view
Analogue radio (FM)[edit]
| Station | Frequency | ERP |
|---|---|---|
| «Radio Russia» (5:00–1:00) | 66.44 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Pi-FM» (6:00-0:00) | 71.30 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Business FM» | 87.50 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Retro FM» | 88.30 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Radio Jazz» | 89.10 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Echo of Moscow» | 91.20 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Culture» | 91.60 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Kommersant FM» | 93.60 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Moscow speaking» | 94.80 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Rock FM» | 95.20 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Dorozhnoe Radio» | 96.200 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Vesti FM» | 97.60 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Radio Chocolate» (5:00-1:00) | 98.00 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Orpheus» | 99.20 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Radio Russki Hit» | 99.60 MHz | 10.0 kW |
| «Radio Vera» | 100.90 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Dance FM» | 101.2 MHz | 10.0 kW |
| «Monte Carlo» | 102.10 MHz | 5.0 kW |
| «Radio Maximum» | 103.7 MHz | 10.0 kW |
| «Russian Radio» | 105.70 MHz | 10.0 kW |
| «Europa Plus» | 106.2 MHz | 10.0 kW |
Digital television (DVB-T2)[edit]
| Station | Channel | Frequency | ERP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Second multiplex: (REN-TV, Spas, STS, Domashniy, TV-3, Sport Plus, Zvezda, Mir, TNT, Muz-TV) | 24 | 10 kW | |
| First multiplex: (Channel One, Russia 1, Match TV, Russia K, Russia 24, Karusel, NTV, Channel 5, OTR, TV Center) | 30 | 10 kW | |
| ООО «Цифровое ТРВ» (encoded): (DVisionLive, DVisionNews, DVisionSpice, TV1000) | 32 | 1 kW | |
| Third multiplex (special for Moscow and Moscow region):
Lifenews (24 hours), |
34 | 10 kW |
Analogue television[edit]
In Moscow and the Moscow Region, along with 18 other regions, analogue television closed on 15 April 2019, at 12:00 (UTC+3).
| Station | Channel | Frequency | ERP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Channel One | 1 | MHz | 40 kW |
| Russia-1 | 2 | MHz | 40 kW |
| TV Tsentr | 3 | MHz | 40 kW |
| NTV | 4 | MHz | 1 kW |
| Match TV | 6 | MHz | 1 kW |
| NTV | 8 | MHz | 40 kW |
| REN TV | 9 | MHz | 40 kW |
| Moscow 24 | 10 | MHz | 40 kW |
| Russia 1 | 11 | MHz | 60 kW |
| Che | 23 | MHz | 10 kW |
| 360*Super | 25 | MHz | 105 kW |
| STS-Moscow | 27 | MHz | 5 kW |
| Disney Channel (Russia) | 29 | MHz | 10 kW |
| Domashniy | 31 | MHz | 20 kW |
| Russia K | 33 | MHz | 20 kW |
| TNT | 35 | MHz | 5 kW |
| Channel Five | 44 | MHz | 5 kW |
| TV-3 | 46 | MHz | 10 kW |
| REN TV | 49 | MHz | 20 kW |
| U | 51 | MHz | 20 kW |
| Zvezda | 57 | MHz | 5 kW |
| 2×2 | 60 | MHz | 5 kW |
See also[edit]
- Ostankino Technical Center
- List of tallest buildings and structures in the world
- List of tallest structures in the former Soviet Union
- List of towers
- Fernsehturm Stuttgart – first TV tower built from concrete and prototype for many similar towers built later
References[edit]
- ^ Ostankino Tele Tower at Skyscraperpage.com
- ^ «Emporis building ID 111722». Emporis. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016.
- ^ «Ostankino Tower». SkyscraperPage.
- ^ «Fire at television tower offers new evidence of Russia’s decay». The Independent. Associated Press. 28 August 2000. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012.
- ^ «Russia’s Tallest TV Tower Was Created as Symbol of USSR’s Power». Pravda.ru. 21 September 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
- ^ «What if the CN Tower Caught Fire?». CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 10 November 2000. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2007.
- ^ «Ostankino Tower». Emporis Research. Archived from the original on 17 June 2004. Retrieved 7 January 2008.
- ^ «Московский Региональный Центр : Экскурсии» [Moscow Regional Center : Excursions]. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ «В Останкинской башне открылся ресторан «Седьмое небо»» [Restaurant «Seventh Heaven» opened in the Ostankino Tower]. 18 November 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ «News detail». Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ Russian TV knocked out as fire rages through 1,800ft tower by Barry Renfrew, The Independent, 28 August 2000 Archived 25 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Bodies recovered from Moscow TV tower fire. CNN.com, 28 August 2000. Archived 4 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Russia tower fire ‘under control’, CNN.com, 28 August 2000. Archived 3 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Four feared trapped in burning Moscow tower, CNN.com, 28 August 2000. Archived 3 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Fire in 1,800ft TV tower adds to Russians’ feeling of doom by Helen Womackin, The Independent, 29 August 2000. Archived 3 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ August, the Cruelest Month by Yuri Zarakhovich, CNN.com. 4 September 2000. Archived 8 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ «Installation of elevators in the Ostankino TV tower». mitol.ru. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
- ^ Article about the accident (in Dutch). radio.nl
- ^ Hector Rim (12 March 2012). «moscow tv tower jump accident-Moscú Torre de tv,accidente en salto..wmv». Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 4 October 2018 – via YouTube.
- ^ AP Worldstream (1 July 2004) Austrian parachutist injured, knocked unconscious in jump from Moscow TV tower. www.highbeam.com
- ^ Fire out at Moscow landmark tower. BBC News
External links[edit]
- Ostankino Television Tower
- A visit to the Ostankino Television Tower at redpenguin.net
- BBC: Moscow’s TV tower saved
- Ostankino Tower at Structurae
- Ostankino Tower Above the Clouds at EnglishRussia.com
- Ostankino Tele Tower at Skyscraperpage.com
- Building Tallest Tower at EnglishRussia.com
| Records | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by
Empire State Building |
World’s tallest free-standing structure 1967–1975 |
Succeeded by
CN Tower |
| Preceded by
Tokyo Tower |
World’s tallest tower 1967–1975 |