Как пишется пятигорск на английском языке

Pyatigorsk

Пятигорск

City[1]

Пятигорск - panoramio (1).jpg

Пятигорск - panoramio (3).jpg

09 Институт курортологии.JPG

Лазаревская кладбищенская церковь в Пятигорске.jpg

Беседка Эолова арфа Пятигорск гора Машук.jpg

Большой провал на горе Машук (JK).JPG

Кофейня Гукасова.jpg

View of Pyatigorsk

Flag of Pyatigorsk

Flag

Coat of arms of Pyatigorsk

Coat of arms

Location of Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk is located in Stavropol Krai

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk

Location of Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk is located in European Russia

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk (European Russia)

Pyatigorsk is located in Europe

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk (Europe)

Coordinates: 44°03′N 43°04′E / 44.050°N 43.067°ECoordinates: 44°03′N 43°04′E / 44.050°N 43.067°E
Country Russia
Federal subject Stavropol Krai[1]
Founded 1780[2]
City status since 1830
Government
 • Body Council of Deputies
 • Head Lev Travnev
Area

[3]

 • Total 97 km2 (37 sq mi)
Elevation 500 m (1,600 ft)
Population

 (2010 Census)[4]

 • Total 142,511
 • Estimate 

(2018)[5]

145,885 (+2.4%)
 • Rank 121st in 2010
 • Density 1,500/km2 (3,800/sq mi)

Administrative status

 • Subordinated to city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk[1]
 • Capital of city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk[1]

Municipal status

 • Urban okrug Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug[6]
 • Capital of Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug[6]
Time zone UTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[7])
Postal code(s)[8]

357500–357504, 357506, 357519, 357522, 357524, 357528, 357532, 357534, 357535, 357538

Dialing code(s) +7 8793
OKTMO ID 07727000001
Website www.pyatigorsk.org

Pyatigorsk (Russian: Пятиго́рск; Circassian: Псыхуабэ, Psıxwabæ) is a city in Stavropol Krai, Russia located on the Podkumok River, about 20 kilometers (12 mi) from the town of Mineralnye Vody where there is an international airport and about 45 kilometers (28 mi) from Kislovodsk. Since January 19, 2010, it has been the administrative center of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia. Population: 142,511 (2010 Census);[4] 140,559 (2002 Census);[9] 129,499 (1989 Census).[10]

Overview[edit]

The name is derived from the fused Russian words «пять гор» (five mountains) and the city is so called because of the five peaks of the Beshtau (which also means five mountains in Turkic) of the Caucasian mountain range overlooking the city. It was founded in 1780,[2] and has been a health spa with mineral springs since 1803. Pyatigorsk is one of the oldest spa resorts in Russia. The health resort provides unique medical resources, and its underground wealth supplies 50 different mineral springs, medical mud taken from Lake Tambukan located 10 km (6 mi) from Pyatigorsk, and the mild climate of the area. It is one of 116 historical towns of the Russian Federation.

Russian poet Mikhail Lermontov was shot by Nikolai Martynov in a duel at Pyatigorsk on July 27, 1841. There is a museum in the city devoted to his memory. The Zionist activist Joseph Trumpeldor was born in Pyatigorsk.

History[edit]

View of Pyatigorsk between 1890 and 1900.

The writings of the 14th-century Arabian traveler Ibn Battuta included the earliest known mention of the mineral springs. Peter the Great (reigned 1682-1725) fostered the earliest scientific study of them, but the information collected on his expedition has not survived. Interest revived at the end of the 18th century with the foundation of the first Russian settlement (Konstantinogorskaya fortress), erected at Mt. Mashuk in 1780.[2][11]

The value of the Caucasian mineral waters led to the construction of a resort in 1803, and studies of their medical properties began thereafter: on April 24, Alexander I signed a decree which made the mineral waters state property. Many settlements developed near the springs: first Goryachevodsk (now part of Pyatigorsk) at the bottom of Mt. Mashuk, then Kislovodsk, Yessentuki, and Zheleznovodsk.[12] During the Russian Empire, the settlement was the administrative capital of the Pyatigorsky Otdel of the Terek Oblast.

During World War II the German Wehrmacht temporarily occupied Pyatigorsk. The Einsatzkommando 12 of Einsatzgruppe D had its headquarters in Pyatigorsk in 1942.[13] The German occupation resulted in the killing of many Jewish inhabitants of the region.[14]

Geography[edit]

The city is situated on a small plateau, 512 meters (1,680 ft) above sea level, at the foot of Beshtau, Mashuk, and three other outliers of the Caucasus Mountains, which protect it on the north. The snow-covered summits of Mount Elbrus are visible to the south.

Climate[edit]

The climate of Pyatigorsk falls within humid continental (Dfb) classification under the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system and is characterized by absence of sharp fluctuations of annual and daily temperatures. Summers are warm with the average July temperature of +21 °C (70 °F) while winters, lasting two to three months, are cold, with the average January temperature of −4 °C (25 °F). Spring is cool, with a sharp transition by the summer, and a warm, dry, and long fall. There are an average of ninety-eight sunny days in a year.

Climate data for Pyatigorsk
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.2
(64.8)
20.8
(69.4)
30.3
(86.5)
33.5
(92.3)
34.4
(93.9)
36.5
(97.7)
39.7
(103.5)
40.9
(105.6)
37.4
(99.3)
31.4
(88.5)
25.1
(77.2)
20.6
(69.1)
40.9
(105.6)
Average high °C (°F) 0.8
(33.4)
1.3
(34.3)
5.9
(42.6)
14.9
(58.8)
20.3
(68.5)
24.1
(75.4)
27.0
(80.6)
26.5
(79.7)
21.4
(70.5)
14.6
(58.3)
7.7
(45.9)
2.9
(37.2)
14.1
(57.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.8
(25.2)
−3.2
(26.2)
1.0
(33.8)
8.9
(48.0)
14.5
(58.1)
18.4
(65.1)
21.1
(70.0)
20.3
(68.5)
15.3
(59.5)
8.9
(48.0)
3.1
(37.6)
−1.5
(29.3)
8.7
(47.7)
Average low °C (°F) −7.7
(18.1)
−7.0
(19.4)
−2.9
(26.8)
3.6
(38.5)
8.8
(47.8)
12.6
(54.7)
15.4
(59.7)
14.7
(58.5)
10.1
(50.2)
4.2
(39.6)
−0.7
(30.7)
−5.2
(22.6)
3.9
(39.0)
Record low °C (°F) −32.5
(−26.5)
−31.6
(−24.9)
−23.4
(−10.1)
−11.9
(10.6)
−4.8
(23.4)
1.5
(34.7)
7.0
(44.6)
3.3
(37.9)
−3.2
(26.2)
−9.6
(14.7)
−22.3
(−8.1)
−25.8
(−14.4)
−32.5
(−26.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 18.3
(0.72)
19.0
(0.75)
26.4
(1.04)
48.0
(1.89)
72.8
(2.87)
86.4
(3.40)
70.0
(2.76)
51.7
(2.04)
43.6
(1.72)
32.7
(1.29)
25.7
(1.01)
23.7
(0.93)
518.3
(20.42)
Average precipitation days 16.8 16.1 16.2 13.7 11.7 9.7 7.1 6.5 10.7 15.4 13.7 16.4 154
Source: climatebase.ru[15]

Administrative and municipal status[edit]

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with two urban-type settlements (Goryachevodsky and Svobody) and five rural localities, incorporated as the city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk is incorporated as Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug.[6]

Economy[edit]

The industry of Pyatigorsk is primarily oriented towards service of the health resort. There is also food industry (a meat-processing plant, a winery, a dairy, a brewery, a confectionery), textiles (clothing, shoe plant, carpet factories), machine industry and metal working (PО Pyatigorskselmash specializes in machines and equipment for aviculture; a special automobile equipment works, an electromechanical plant, etc.); mining, a chemical factory and a ceramics factory who specialize in porcelain and ceramic gifts such as samovars, figurines, vases, and decorative ceramic wall hanging panels.

In 1991, the Pyatigorsk health resort had ten sanatoria, four boarding houses and five sanatoria-preventoria. The number of people who stayed at the health resort within a year totalled about 170,000.

Points of interest[edit]

The state memorial estate of Mikhail Lermontov was founded in 1973. It unites all of the Lermontov memorial places in the region: the place where he fought his duel and was killed, a necropolis, Lermontov’s small house, Verzilin’s houses, the house of Alexander Alyabyev, the Lermontov square, and monument.

The Aeolian harp is a small stone pavilion in the classical style, constructed by the brothers Bernardacci in 1828.

Diana’s grotto was built in 1830, in honor of the first ascent of Mount Elbrus.

Pyatigorsk is very well known in the Caucasus region for its excellent restaurants and nightlife, architecture, as well as for its extremely large marketplace. A major thoroughfare is known to locals as «Broadway», which runs through the center of the city, and on which most of the best restaurants, nightclubs, and attractions are located. Broadway is also a popular spot for people watching. The influence of the Caucasus region is felt here most noticeably in the music and cuisine, which incorporate aspects of many former Soviet republics such as Armenia.

Pyatigorsk features prominently in Jonathan Littell’s 2009 novel, The Kindly Ones.

Honors[edit]

Asteroid 2192 Pyatigoriya discovered in 1972 by Soviet astronomer Tamara Smirnova is named after the city.[16]

Twin towns – sister cities[edit]

Pyatigorsk is twinned with:[17]

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e Resolution #63-p
  2. ^ a b c «Пятигорск». megabook.ru. Retrieved July 27, 2014.
  3. ^ Управление Росреестра по Ставропольскому краю. Доклад о состоянии и использовании земель Ставропольского края в 2010 году[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  5. ^ «26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года». Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  6. ^ a b c Law #88-kz
  7. ^ «Об исчислении времени». Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  8. ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  10. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  11. ^ Battutah, Ibn (2002). The Travels of Ibn Battutah. London: Picador. p. 124. ISBN 9780330418799.
  12. ^
    «Pyatigorsk». Newtime21v.narod.ru. January 30, 2007. Archived from the original on December 25, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2012.
  13. ^
    (in German) Jonathan Littell: Die Wohlgesinnten — Materialienband. Berlin 2006. P. 66
  14. ^
    «Russia // Kira Belkova». The Jewish Foundation for the Righteous. Archived from the original on July 28, 2011.
  15. ^ «Climatebase». Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  16. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names (5th ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 178. ISBN 3-540-00238-3.
  17. ^ «Города-побратимы». pyatigorsk.org. Pyatigorsk. Retrieved February 6, 2020.

Sources[edit]

  • Правительство Ставропольского края. Постановление №63-п от 4 мая 2006 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края», в ред. Постановления №75-п от 5 марта 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в пункт 47 Раздела II Реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края, утверждённый Постановлением Правительства Ставропольского края от 04 мая 2006 г. №63-п». Вступил в силу с 4 мая 2006 г.. Опубликован: «Сборник законов и других правовых актов Ставропольского края», №17, ст. 5609, 10 июля 2006 г. (Government of Stavropol Krai. Resolution #63-p of May 4, 2006 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Resolution #75-p of March 5, 2015 On Amending Item 47 of Section II of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai Adopted by Resolution #63-p of the Government of Stavropol Krai of May 4, 2006. Effective as of May 4, 2006.).
  • Государственная Дума Ставропольского края. Закон №88-кз от 4 октября 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований Ставропольского края статусом городского, сельского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района», в ред. Закона №51-кз от 28 мая 2015 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований, входящих в состав Минераловодского муниципального района Ставропольского края (Минераловодского территориального муниципального образования Ставропольского края), и об организации местного самоуправления на территории Минераловодского района Ставропольского края». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: «Ставропольская правда», №216, 6 октября 2004 г. (State Duma of Stavropol Krai. Law #88-kz of October 4, 2004 On Granting the Status of Urban, Rural Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District to the Municipal Formations of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Law #51-kz of May 28, 2015 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations Within Mineralovodsky Municipal District of Stavropol Krai (Mineralovodskoye Territorial Municipal Formation of Stavropol Krai), and on the Organization of the Local Self-Government on the Territory of Mineralovodsky District of Stavropol Krai. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

External links[edit]

  • Official website of Pyatigorsk (in Russian)
  • Website about Pyatigorsk (in Russian)
  • Weather in Pyatigorsk
  • Pyatigorsk city website
  • BBC News. Scraping by in a Russian resort

пятигорск

  • 1
    Пятигорск

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Пятигорск

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    Пятигорск

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    Пятигорск

    Новый русско-английский словарь > Пятигорск

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    Русско-английский синонимический словарь > Пятигорск

  • 8
    (г.) Пятигорск

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > (г.) Пятигорск

  • 9
    В-304

    ВО ВРЕМЯ чего

    PrepP
    Invar
    Prep

    the resulting

    PrepP

    is

    adv

    over the course of

    sth.

    , at some point in the course of

    during

    at the time of
    when there is (are)…
    (in limited contexts) on
    as
    in.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > В-304

  • 10
    во время

    [

    PrepP

    ;

    Invar

    ;

    Prep

    ; the resulting

    PrepP

    is

    adv

    ]

    =====

    over the course of (

    sth.

    ), at some point in the course of:

    when there is < are>…;

    — [in limited contexts] on;

    as;

    in.

    ♦ Во время его выступления несколько раз его перебивали с места наши местные патриоты… (Искандер 4). During his speech he was interrupted several times from the floor by our local patriots… (4a).

    ♦ «Во время ареста обвиняемый… оказал вооружённое сопротивление» (Войнович 4). «At the time of the arrest, the accused…showed armed resistance…» (4a).

    ♦ Вчера я приехал в Пятигорск, нанял квартиру на краю города, на самом высоком месте, у подошвы Машука: во время грозы облака будут спускаться до моей кровли (Лермонтов 1). Yesterday I arrived in Pyatigorsk and rented rooms on the outskirts of the town, at its highest part, at the foot of Mount Mashuk. When there is a storm, the clouds will come right down to my roof (Id).

    ♦ Во время охотничьих походов за турами никто не мог угнаться за ним [Железным Коленом]… (Искандер 4). On ibex-hunting expeditions, no one could keep up with him [Iron Knee]… (4a).

    ♦ Молодой человек, литератор Жан-Донно де Визе, первый выступил в печати по поводу «Школы жён». Статья де Визе показывает, что во время её сочинения душа автора была раздираема пополам (Булгаков 5). A young writer, Jean Donneau de Vise, was the first to comment in print on The School for Wives. De Visa’s article clearly shows that its author’s soul was torn in two as he composed it (5a).

    ♦ Чего не скажешь в запале, особенно во время войны! (Рыбаков 1)….You say all sorts of things in the heat of the moment, especially in wartime (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > во время

См. также в других словарях:

  • Пятигорск — город, Ставропольский край. Возник в конце XVIII начале XIX в. как кур. пос. при термальных минеральных источниках и первоначально назывался Горячие Воды. Местность, где находился курорт, в 70 х гг XVIII в. была известна у русск. как Бештовые… …   Географическая энциклопедия

  • ПЯТИГОРСК — ПЯТИГОРСК, город в Сев. Кавказском крае, расположенный под 44°3 с. ш. и 60°3 в. д. нв 1S9 левом берегу р. Подкумка, на высоте 510 ж над ур. м., по южному и юго западному склону горы Машук, а также в ущелье между Машу ком и его отрогом… …   Большая медицинская энциклопедия

  • Пятигорск — Пятигорск. Панорама города и горы Бештау. ПЯТИГОРСК, город (с 1830) в Ставропольском крае, в России. 132 тысячи жителей. Железнодорожная станция Бальнеологический и грязевой курорт в группе Кавказских Минеральных Вод, на реке Подкумок и склонах… …   Иллюстрированный энциклопедический словарь

  • Пятигорск — город в Ставропольском крае России, старейший на Северном Кавказе бальнеогрязевой курорт. Город расположен в Предкавказье, на… …   Города мира

  • Пятигорск — (до 1830 Горячие Воды, Горячеводск), город, тесно связанный с именем Л. Находится на Сев. Кавказе, в группе Кавк. Мин. Вод (ныне Ставропольского края). П. расположен на р. Подкумок и склонах г. Машук; он вырос из Константиногорской крепости, осн …   Лермонтовская энциклопедия

  • ПЯТИГОРСК — город (с 1830) в Российской Федерации, Ставропольский кр. Железнодорожная станция. 132 тыс. жителей (1993). Бальнеологический и грязевой курорт в группе Кавказских Минеральных Вод. Расположен на р. Подкумок и склонах гор Машук и Горячая.… …   Большой Энциклопедический словарь

  • ПЯТИГОРСК — ПЯТИГОРСК, город (с 1830) в Ставропольском крае. Ж. д. станция. 133,3 тыс. жителей (1998). Бальнеологический и грязевой курорт в группе Кавказских Минеральных Вод. Расположен на р. Подкумок и склонах гор Машук и Горячая. Машиностроение (в т. ч.… …   Русская история

  • пятигорск — сущ., кол во синонимов: 2 • город (2765) • курорт (52) Словарь синонимов ASIS. В.Н. Тришин. 2013 …   Словарь синонимов

  • Пятигорск — окружный гор. Терской обл., на южн. склоне Машука: обязансвоим происхождением минеральным источникам. До устройства поселениябольные жили в Константиновской креп. (в 3 вер. от гор.) или вовременных палатках, балаганах и кибитках. Постоянные дома… …   Энциклопедия Брокгауза и Ефрона

  • Пятигорск — Город Пятигорск Флаг Герб …   Википедия

  • Пятигорск —         В Ставропольском крае, краевого подчинения, в 196 км к юго востоку от Ставрополя; бальнеологический и грязевой курорт всероссийского значения в группе курортов Кавказских Минеральных Вод. Расположен в Предкавказье, на Ставропольской… …   Города России

Pyatigorsk overview

Pyatigorsk is a resort-city located in Stavropol krai, Russia. It is the oldest spa and mud resort of federal importance as well as an industrial, commercial, scientific, cultural, and tourist center of the Caucasian Mineral Waters (Kavkazskiye Mineralniye Vody) eco-resort region.

The population of Pyatigorsk is about 146,000 (2015), the area — 97 sq. km.

The phone code — +7 8793, the postal codes — 357500-357569.

Pyatigorsk history

The territory of the present city of Pyatigorsk was inhabited from distant times. The first mention of the area called Bish-Dag (“five mountains”) with hot springs was done by the Arab traveler Ibn Battuta in 1334.

The study of mineral waters in Russia began during the reign of Peter I, in the 18th century. The first scientific description of Pyatigorsk and its healing factors was made by the academician Huldenshtedt in 1773. In the late 18th century, after the Russian-Turkish wars, this territory became part of the Russian Empire.

In 1780, construction of Konstantinogorskaya fortress began on the territory of the present Novo-Pyatigorsk district. This is the official founding date of Pyatigorsk. In 1803, the history of Pyatigorsk as a resort town began. On May 14, 1830, Goryachevodsk (“the town of hot water”) turned into the town called Pyatigorsk (“the town of five mountains”). There is a mountain with five peaks (Beshtau Mountain) located close to the town.

More Historical Facts…

In 1863, the first in the Russian Empire balneological society was founded in the town. In 1889, Lermontov monument was opened in Pyatigorsk, it was the first monument to Lermontov in the country. In 1893-1894, the resort-town was linked with Moscow by railway. In 1915, a new theater was opened in Pyatigorsk. It became an ornament and pride of the city.

In 1920, Pyatigorsk Balneological Institute was opened in the city. August 9, 1942, during the Second World War, the city was captured by the German army. January 11, 1943, it was liberated by the Soviet army. In 1970, Pyatigorsk was included into the list of historical cities in Russia.

On January 19, 2010, Pyatigorsk received the status of the center of the North Caucasian Federal District. It is the only federal district center which is not the capital of the federal subject.

Pyatigorsk streets

Pyatigorsk architecture

Gukasov Coffee House in Pyatigorsk

Gukasov Coffee House in Pyatigorsk

Author: Alexander Kostenko

Pyatigorsk modern architecture

Pyatigorsk modern architecture

Author: Oleg Dzhan

Pyatigorsk features

Pyatigorsk is located 193 km south-east of Stavropol, 25 km south of Mineralniye Vody, at an altitude of about 525 meters above sea level. The city is situated close to the Caucasian mountains, on Stavropolskaya hill, mainly on the left bank of the Podkumok River. Beshtau Mountain is the highest point in the area around the city (1,401 meters).

The climate is characterized by mild winters and hot summers. The average temperature in January is minus 3,8 degrees Celsius, in July — plus 21,1 degrees Celsius.

Pyatigorsk City Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of September. Since its founding, Pyatigorsk resort was visited by such famous people as Pushkin, Lermontov, Glinka, Tolstoy, Griboyedov, Belinsky, Pirogov, Gorky, Shalyapin.

Pyatigorsk has a large number of universities, about 40,000 students study at them. That’s why Pyatigorsk is also known as the city of students.

The local economy is mainly service oriented. There are food industry plants. The unique geographical location close to numerous mineral springs determined the development of mineral water bottling plants.

The city has over 40 mineral springs differing in chemical contents and temperature. Pyatigorsk is sometimes called “the natural museum of mineral water” because of the unique diversity of mineral springs on a small area around Mashuk Mountain.

Pyatigorsk is the place where the events of the novel “A Hero of Our Time” (Lermontov) took place. Some events of the novel “The Twelve Chairs” (Ilf, Petrov) also took place in this city.

Tourism in Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk tourist infrastructure includes more than 30 resorts and spa facilities, dozens of travel companies, organizations, and hotels.

The city and surrounding area have a great tourist potential and in the long term can compete with the leading European spas and health resorts.

In addition to the health, eco-resort and recreational tourism, Pyatigorsk resort has excellent facilities for the historical and cultural, archaeological, cultural and museum, pilgrimage, scientific, sports, youth, walking, cycling, equestrian, hunting, extreme, mountain, climbing and other types of tourism and tours.

Pyatigorsk (along with Nalchik) is the starting point of hiking and climbing routes in the Central Caucasus.

Pyatigorsk places of interest

Mount Mashuk — one of the most visited places in Pyatigorsk. There is a TV tower standing on the top of the mountain. You can see the panorama of the foothills of the Caucasus and the Greater Caucasus mountain range, Elbrus and Kazbek, and the panorama of Pyatigorsk. The height of the Mashuk Mountain is 993 meters above sea level. You can get to the top using a cable car (about 3 minutes to overcome the distance of 964 meters up to the station on the mountain top).

Proval Lake — a small lake with hydrogen sulfide water located inside Mashuk Mountain.

“Tsvetnik” Park (flower-garden). The park was laid out in marshlands formed by springs flowing down from the mountains in 1829-1831.

“Aeolian Harp” Pavilion. The pavilion was built on the highest point of Mikhailovsky spur of Mashuk Mountain in 1831. An original musical instrument played by the wind — an Aeolian harp — was placed in the pavilion. In 2008, special equipment was installed in the pavilion that plays music regardless of wind. From here you can see splendid views of Elbrus Mountain, Pyatigorsk and the settlements of Goryachevodsky and Svobody.

“Oryol” Sculpture. The sculpture depicts an eagle fighting a snake — the official symbol of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. The original monument was opened in honor of the centennial of Mineralniye Vody resort in 1901. Similar sculptures were erected in all the cities of the Caucasian Mineral Waters: Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk, Yessentuki, and Zheleznovodsk.

Lermontov Gallery. In the early 20th century, it was decided to build a fashionable construction of metal and glass. The gallery was opened in May, 1902. It was named after the great Russian poet Lermontov. A lot of famous personalities performed in the gallery (Shalyapin, Yermolova, Mayakovsky).

Pyatigorsk Necropolis. Today, this necropolis located at the foot of Mashuk Mountain, is an architectural monument. It is one of the oldest cemeteries in the North Caucasus (1824). There are a lot of historical monuments on the territory of “Necropolis” — the graves of soldiers, outstanding statesmen, scientists, writers, artists, and medical doctors.

Pyatigorsk monuments of architecture

One of the corps of Rodnik sanatorium in Pyatigorsk

One of the corps of Rodnik sanatorium in Pyatigorsk

Author: Ivan Sergeev

Lower radon hospital in Pyatigorsk

Lower radon hospital in Pyatigorsk

Author: Ivan Sergeev

Pyatigorsk bus station

Pyatigorsk bus station

Author: Vadim Alian

Pyatigorsk museums

  • Pyatigorsk Museum of Local Lore (Bratyev Bernardatstsi Street, 2);
  • Lermontov House. The great Russian poet Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov spent the last two years of his life in this house. Today, it houses the State Museum-Reserve of Lermontov (Lermontova Street, 4);
  • Pyatigorsk “Resort Exhibition”: “Tsvetnik” exhibition hall, the former Gukasov coffee house (Kirova Avenue, 23), Mikhailovskaya Gallery (Dzerzhinsky Street, 49a);
  • The Museum of Military Glory (Lenin Square, 23);
  • The museum “The first steps of electric power” (Dunayevsky Street, 9, Gorelektroset);
  • The museum of the Pyatigorsk State Research Institute of Health Resort (Kirova Avenue, 30);
  • The Museum of Television (Mira Street, 1);
  • The Museum of Insects in “Tsvetnik” Park (“Academic gallery”, Kirova Avenue, 1a).

Other cultural institutions

  • Stavropol State Regional Operetta Theater (Kirova Avenue, 17);
  • The Concert Hall “Kamerton” (Green Theater) in the recreation park named after Kirov;
  • Pyatigorsk Philharmonic in “Tsvetnik” park, Lermontov Gallery;
  • Pyatigorsk Planetarium (Dunaevskogo Street, 5, the recreation park named after Kirov).


На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.


На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.

Перевод «Пятигорск» на английский


Центр нового федерального округа стал город Пятигорск.



The capital of the new federal district will be the city of Pyatigorsk.


Более 40 источников насчитывает Пятигорск, среди которых популярностью славятся сульфидные, радоновые и сернокислые водоемы.



More than 40 sources consists of Pyatigorsk, popular among which are famous for sulfide, radon and sulfate reservoirs.


В 1916, после ранения, был направлен в Пятигорск в 113-й запасный полк.



In late 1916, after being wounded, he was stationed in Piatigorsk with the 113th Reserve Regiment.


Адвокат Валентины Череватенко съездил в Пятигорск и 31 июля сумел достать официальную копию решения о прекращении уголовного дела.



Valentina Cherevatenko’s lawyer travelled to Piatigorsk and on 31 July managed to obtain an official copy of the decision to close the case.


Эта веб-камера снимает Пятигорск именно с того ракурса, который вас заинтересует.



This web camera takes Pyatigorsk it is with that perspective that will interest you.


Пятигорск — город с богатейшей культурной историей и интересными памятниками архитектуры, музеями и театрами.



Pyatigorsk is a city with a rich cultural history and interesting monuments of architecture, museums and theaters.


Это собственно станция «Пятигорск», где и находится вокзал.



This is actually the station «Pyatigorsk«, where is the station.


Пятигорск средний по размеру город, который окружен лесами и вокруг которого достаточно природных объектов, манящих сюда туристов с разных концов света.



Pyatigorsk medium-sized town which is surrounded by forests and around which is quite natural objects that are attractive for tourists from different parts of the world.


Пятигорск — это старейший грязевой и бальнеологический курорт федерального значения.



Pyatigorsk is the oldest balneological and mud resort of federal significance.


Изначально для постройки дворца эмир выбрал город Пятигорск, в котором он бывал достаточно часто.



Initially, the emir chose the city of Pyatigorsk to build the palace, in which he visited quite often.


Оборудование и лаборатории, преподаватели и студенты были эвакуированы в город Пятигорск.



Equipment and laboratories, teachers and students were evacuated to the city of Pyatigorsk.


Лермонтов вернулся обратно в армию, приехав в Пятигорск в мае 1841 года.



Lermontov was forced to return back to the army, arriving in the town of Pyatigorsk in May 1841.


Софья, Пятигорск: Оставляю положительный отзыв о лечении чесотки Серной мазью.



Sofia, Pyatigorsk: I leave a positive review about the treatment of scabies with Sulfur Ointment.


Пятигорск: торговые центры и их особенности



Pyatigorsk: shopping centers and their features


Следующим пунктом может стать Пятигорск, богатый своим разнообразным количеством источников, и в каждом минеральные воды отличаются по своему составу и целебным свойствам.



The next point may be Pyatigorsk, rich in its various sources, and in each mineral waters differ in their composition and medicinal properties.


Если вы не хотите ехать сюда, но все еще пылаете желанием посмотреть на Пятигорск с высоты, в помощь веб-камеры, установленные и транслирующие видео в режиме реального времени круглосуточно.



If you don’t want to come here, but still burning with desire to look at Pyatigorsk from a height, using a web camera installed and transmitting video in real time around the clock.


Прежде всего, Пятигорск — это город Лермонтова.



However, first of all, Pyatigorsk is the town of Lermontov.


Дополнительные профилактические мероприятия заключаются в курортном лечении (Трускавец, Пятигорск), занятиях физкультурой.



Additional preventive measures include spa treatment (Truskavets, Pyatigorsk), physical education classes.


29 августа — 26 сентября 2014 г. — Пятигорск.



August 29 — September 26, 2014 — Pyatigorsk.


Затем в течение месяца экспедиция исследовала Приэльбрусье, собрав там большой научный материал, после чего вернулась в Пятигорск.



Then during one month the expedition examined Elbrus area collecting vast scientific material. Afterwards they returned to Pyatigorsk.

Ничего не найдено для этого значения.

Результатов: 144. Точных совпадений: 144. Затраченное время: 72 мс

Documents

Корпоративные решения

Спряжение

Синонимы

Корректор

Справка и о нас

Индекс слова: 1-300, 301-600, 601-900

Индекс выражения: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200

Индекс фразы: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200

Произношение Пятигорск
Ваш броузер не поддерживает аудио

Пятигорск – 5 результатов перевода

О, кажется, Чебоксары.

Здесь мы продадим наши трофеи, тогда нам хватит денег добраться до Пятигорска.

Там мы подождем театр.

This is probably Cheboksary?

Fine. You sell our trophies. to reach the Pyatigorsk.

There await the theater.

Господа, подайте что-нибудь на пропитание бывшему депутату Государственной думы.

Так называемый «Провал» считался достопримечательностью Пятигорска.

Это было единственное место, куда отдыхающие могли попасть бесплатно.

Ladies and gentlemen! Give every grace for meals former Member of the State Duma.

Depression So-called «depression» included it was the peculiarities of Pyatigorsk.

It was also the only place where bather can enter for free.

Ну, вы могли бы пообещать комитету, что с ним не будет проблем.

Кубок Пятигорского создавался, чтобы наводить мосты, а не сжигать их.

Мы проиграли 12-0, как-то не похоже на мост.

Well, you’ll promise the committee we’ll keep him out of trouble.

The Piatigorsky was organized to build bridges, not to burn them.

So we lose 12 to zero, and that’s a bridge?

Но там Одри.

Одри Пятигорски.

Она идеальна.

Then there’s Audrey.

Audrey Piatigorsky.

She is perfect.

Подождите.

Это же квартира Одри Пятигорски.

— А ты кто такой?

Wait.

2A… that’s Audrey Piatigorsky’s apartment.

— Who are you?

Показать еще

Хотите знать еще больше переводов Пятигорск?

Мы используем только переведенные профессиональными переводчиками фразы Пятигорск для формирования нашей постоянно обновляющейся базы. Это позволяет максимально точно переводить не просто слова, но и целые фразы, учитывая контекст и особенности их использования.

Перевести новое выражение

Pyatigorsk

Пятигорск

City[1]

Пятигорск - panoramio (1).jpg

Пятигорск - panoramio (3).jpg

09 Институт курортологии.JPG

Лазаревская кладбищенская церковь в Пятигорске.jpg

Беседка Эолова арфа Пятигорск гора Машук.jpg

Большой провал на горе Машук (JK).JPG

Кофейня Гукасова.jpg

View of Pyatigorsk

Flag of Pyatigorsk

Flag

Coat of arms of Pyatigorsk

Coat of arms

Location of Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk is located in Stavropol Krai

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk

Location of Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk is located in European Russia

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk (European Russia)

Pyatigorsk is located in Europe

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk (Europe)

Coordinates: 44°03′N 43°04′E / 44.050°N 43.067°ECoordinates: 44°03′N 43°04′E / 44.050°N 43.067°E
Country Russia
Federal subject Stavropol Krai[1]
Founded 1780[2]
City status since 1830
Government
 • Body Council of Deputies
 • Head Lev Travnev
Area

[3]

 • Total 97 km2 (37 sq mi)
Elevation 500 m (1,600 ft)
Population

 (2010 Census)[4]

 • Total 142,511
 • Estimate 

(2018)[5]

145,885 (+2.4%)
 • Rank 121st in 2010
 • Density 1,500/km2 (3,800/sq mi)

Administrative status

 • Subordinated to city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk[1]
 • Capital of city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk[1]

Municipal status

 • Urban okrug Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug[6]
 • Capital of Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug[6]
Time zone UTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[7])
Postal code(s)[8]

357500–357504, 357506, 357519, 357522, 357524, 357528, 357532, 357534, 357535, 357538

Dialing code(s) +7 8793
OKTMO ID 07727000001
Website www.pyatigorsk.org

Pyatigorsk (Russian: Пятиго́рск; Circassian: Псыхуабэ, Psıxwabæ) is a city in Stavropol Krai, Russia located on the Podkumok River, about 20 kilometers (12 mi) from the town of Mineralnye Vody where there is an international airport and about 45 kilometers (28 mi) from Kislovodsk. Since January 19, 2010, it has been the administrative center of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia. Population: 142,511 (2010 Census);[4] 140,559 (2002 Census);[9] 129,499 (1989 Census).[10]

Overview[edit]

The name is derived from the fused Russian words «пять гор» (five mountains) and the city is so called because of the five peaks of the Beshtau (which also means five mountains in Turkic) of the Caucasian mountain range overlooking the city. It was founded in 1780,[2] and has been a health spa with mineral springs since 1803. Pyatigorsk is one of the oldest spa resorts in Russia. The health resort provides unique medical resources, and its underground wealth supplies 50 different mineral springs, medical mud taken from Lake Tambukan located 10 km (6 mi) from Pyatigorsk, and the mild climate of the area. It is one of 116 historical towns of the Russian Federation.

Russian poet Mikhail Lermontov was shot by Nikolai Martynov in a duel at Pyatigorsk on July 27, 1841. There is a museum in the city devoted to his memory. The Zionist activist Joseph Trumpeldor was born in Pyatigorsk.

History[edit]

View of Pyatigorsk between 1890 and 1900.

The writings of the 14th-century Arabian traveler Ibn Battuta included the earliest known mention of the mineral springs. Peter the Great (reigned 1682-1725) fostered the earliest scientific study of them, but the information collected on his expedition has not survived. Interest revived at the end of the 18th century with the foundation of the first Russian settlement (Konstantinogorskaya fortress), erected at Mt. Mashuk in 1780.[2][11]

The value of the Caucasian mineral waters led to the construction of a resort in 1803, and studies of their medical properties began thereafter: on April 24, Alexander I signed a decree which made the mineral waters state property. Many settlements developed near the springs: first Goryachevodsk (now part of Pyatigorsk) at the bottom of Mt. Mashuk, then Kislovodsk, Yessentuki, and Zheleznovodsk.[12] During the Russian Empire, the settlement was the administrative capital of the Pyatigorsky Otdel of the Terek Oblast.

During World War II the German Wehrmacht temporarily occupied Pyatigorsk. The Einsatzkommando 12 of Einsatzgruppe D had its headquarters in Pyatigorsk in 1942.[13] The German occupation resulted in the killing of many Jewish inhabitants of the region.[14]

Geography[edit]

The city is situated on a small plateau, 512 meters (1,680 ft) above sea level, at the foot of Beshtau, Mashuk, and three other outliers of the Caucasus Mountains, which protect it on the north. The snow-covered summits of Mount Elbrus are visible to the south.

Climate[edit]

The climate of Pyatigorsk falls within humid continental (Dfb) classification under the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system and is characterized by absence of sharp fluctuations of annual and daily temperatures. Summers are warm with the average July temperature of +21 °C (70 °F) while winters, lasting two to three months, are cold, with the average January temperature of −4 °C (25 °F). Spring is cool, with a sharp transition by the summer, and a warm, dry, and long fall. There are an average of ninety-eight sunny days in a year.

Climate data for Pyatigorsk
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.2
(64.8)
20.8
(69.4)
30.3
(86.5)
33.5
(92.3)
34.4
(93.9)
36.5
(97.7)
39.7
(103.5)
40.9
(105.6)
37.4
(99.3)
31.4
(88.5)
25.1
(77.2)
20.6
(69.1)
40.9
(105.6)
Average high °C (°F) 0.8
(33.4)
1.3
(34.3)
5.9
(42.6)
14.9
(58.8)
20.3
(68.5)
24.1
(75.4)
27.0
(80.6)
26.5
(79.7)
21.4
(70.5)
14.6
(58.3)
7.7
(45.9)
2.9
(37.2)
14.1
(57.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.8
(25.2)
−3.2
(26.2)
1.0
(33.8)
8.9
(48.0)
14.5
(58.1)
18.4
(65.1)
21.1
(70.0)
20.3
(68.5)
15.3
(59.5)
8.9
(48.0)
3.1
(37.6)
−1.5
(29.3)
8.7
(47.7)
Average low °C (°F) −7.7
(18.1)
−7.0
(19.4)
−2.9
(26.8)
3.6
(38.5)
8.8
(47.8)
12.6
(54.7)
15.4
(59.7)
14.7
(58.5)
10.1
(50.2)
4.2
(39.6)
−0.7
(30.7)
−5.2
(22.6)
3.9
(39.0)
Record low °C (°F) −32.5
(−26.5)
−31.6
(−24.9)
−23.4
(−10.1)
−11.9
(10.6)
−4.8
(23.4)
1.5
(34.7)
7.0
(44.6)
3.3
(37.9)
−3.2
(26.2)
−9.6
(14.7)
−22.3
(−8.1)
−25.8
(−14.4)
−32.5
(−26.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 18.3
(0.72)
19.0
(0.75)
26.4
(1.04)
48.0
(1.89)
72.8
(2.87)
86.4
(3.40)
70.0
(2.76)
51.7
(2.04)
43.6
(1.72)
32.7
(1.29)
25.7
(1.01)
23.7
(0.93)
518.3
(20.42)
Average precipitation days 16.8 16.1 16.2 13.7 11.7 9.7 7.1 6.5 10.7 15.4 13.7 16.4 154
Source: climatebase.ru[15]

Administrative and municipal status[edit]

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with two urban-type settlements (Goryachevodsky and Svobody) and five rural localities, incorporated as the city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk is incorporated as Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug.[6]

Economy[edit]

The industry of Pyatigorsk is primarily oriented towards service of the health resort. There is also food industry (a meat-processing plant, a winery, a dairy, a brewery, a confectionery), textiles (clothing, shoe plant, carpet factories), machine industry and metal working (PО Pyatigorskselmash specializes in machines and equipment for aviculture; a special automobile equipment works, an electromechanical plant, etc.); mining, a chemical factory and a ceramics factory who specialize in porcelain and ceramic gifts such as samovars, figurines, vases, and decorative ceramic wall hanging panels.

In 1991, the Pyatigorsk health resort had ten sanatoria, four boarding houses and five sanatoria-preventoria. The number of people who stayed at the health resort within a year totalled about 170,000.

Points of interest[edit]

The state memorial estate of Mikhail Lermontov was founded in 1973. It unites all of the Lermontov memorial places in the region: the place where he fought his duel and was killed, a necropolis, Lermontov’s small house, Verzilin’s houses, the house of Alexander Alyabyev, the Lermontov square, and monument.

The Aeolian harp is a small stone pavilion in the classical style, constructed by the brothers Bernardacci in 1828.

Diana’s grotto was built in 1830, in honor of the first ascent of Mount Elbrus.

Pyatigorsk is very well known in the Caucasus region for its excellent restaurants and nightlife, architecture, as well as for its extremely large marketplace. A major thoroughfare is known to locals as «Broadway», which runs through the center of the city, and on which most of the best restaurants, nightclubs, and attractions are located. Broadway is also a popular spot for people watching. The influence of the Caucasus region is felt here most noticeably in the music and cuisine, which incorporate aspects of many former Soviet republics such as Armenia.

Pyatigorsk features prominently in Jonathan Littell’s 2009 novel, The Kindly Ones.

Honors[edit]

Asteroid 2192 Pyatigoriya discovered in 1972 by Soviet astronomer Tamara Smirnova is named after the city.[16]

Twin towns – sister cities[edit]

Pyatigorsk is twinned with:[17]

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e Resolution #63-p
  2. ^ a b c «Пятигорск». megabook.ru. Retrieved July 27, 2014.
  3. ^ Управление Росреестра по Ставропольскому краю. Доклад о состоянии и использовании земель Ставропольского края в 2010 году[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  5. ^ «26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года». Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  6. ^ a b c Law #88-kz
  7. ^ «Об исчислении времени». Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  8. ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  10. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  11. ^ Battutah, Ibn (2002). The Travels of Ibn Battutah. London: Picador. p. 124. ISBN 9780330418799.
  12. ^
    «Pyatigorsk». Newtime21v.narod.ru. January 30, 2007. Archived from the original on December 25, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2012.
  13. ^
    (in German) Jonathan Littell: Die Wohlgesinnten — Materialienband. Berlin 2006. P. 66
  14. ^
    «Russia // Kira Belkova». The Jewish Foundation for the Righteous. Archived from the original on July 28, 2011.
  15. ^ «Climatebase». Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  16. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names (5th ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 178. ISBN 3-540-00238-3.
  17. ^ «Города-побратимы». pyatigorsk.org. Pyatigorsk. Retrieved February 6, 2020.

Sources[edit]

  • Правительство Ставропольского края. Постановление №63-п от 4 мая 2006 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края», в ред. Постановления №75-п от 5 марта 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в пункт 47 Раздела II Реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края, утверждённый Постановлением Правительства Ставропольского края от 04 мая 2006 г. №63-п». Вступил в силу с 4 мая 2006 г.. Опубликован: «Сборник законов и других правовых актов Ставропольского края», №17, ст. 5609, 10 июля 2006 г. (Government of Stavropol Krai. Resolution #63-p of May 4, 2006 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Resolution #75-p of March 5, 2015 On Amending Item 47 of Section II of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai Adopted by Resolution #63-p of the Government of Stavropol Krai of May 4, 2006. Effective as of May 4, 2006.).
  • Государственная Дума Ставропольского края. Закон №88-кз от 4 октября 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований Ставропольского края статусом городского, сельского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района», в ред. Закона №51-кз от 28 мая 2015 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований, входящих в состав Минераловодского муниципального района Ставропольского края (Минераловодского территориального муниципального образования Ставропольского края), и об организации местного самоуправления на территории Минераловодского района Ставропольского края». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: «Ставропольская правда», №216, 6 октября 2004 г. (State Duma of Stavropol Krai. Law #88-kz of October 4, 2004 On Granting the Status of Urban, Rural Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District to the Municipal Formations of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Law #51-kz of May 28, 2015 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations Within Mineralovodsky Municipal District of Stavropol Krai (Mineralovodskoye Territorial Municipal Formation of Stavropol Krai), and on the Organization of the Local Self-Government on the Territory of Mineralovodsky District of Stavropol Krai. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

External links[edit]

  • Official website of Pyatigorsk (in Russian)
  • Website about Pyatigorsk (in Russian)
  • Weather in Pyatigorsk
  • Pyatigorsk city website
  • BBC News. Scraping by in a Russian resort

Pyatigorsk

Пятигорск

City[1]

Пятигорск - panoramio (1).jpg

Пятигорск - panoramio (3).jpg

09 Институт курортологии.JPG

Лазаревская кладбищенская церковь в Пятигорске.jpg

Беседка Эолова арфа Пятигорск гора Машук.jpg

Большой провал на горе Машук (JK).JPG

Кофейня Гукасова.jpg

View of Pyatigorsk

Flag of Pyatigorsk

Flag

Coat of arms of Pyatigorsk

Coat of arms

Location of Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk is located in Stavropol Krai

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk

Location of Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk is located in European Russia

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk (European Russia)

Pyatigorsk is located in Europe

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk

Pyatigorsk (Europe)

Coordinates: 44°03′N 43°04′E / 44.050°N 43.067°ECoordinates: 44°03′N 43°04′E / 44.050°N 43.067°E
Country Russia
Federal subject Stavropol Krai[1]
Founded 1780[2]
City status since 1830
Government
 • Body Council of Deputies
 • Head Lev Travnev
Area

[3]

 • Total 97 km2 (37 sq mi)
Elevation 500 m (1,600 ft)
Population

 (2010 Census)[4]

 • Total 142,511
 • Estimate 

(2018)[5]

145,885 (+2.4%)
 • Rank 121st in 2010
 • Density 1,500/km2 (3,800/sq mi)

Administrative status

 • Subordinated to city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk[1]
 • Capital of city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk[1]

Municipal status

 • Urban okrug Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug[6]
 • Capital of Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug[6]
Time zone UTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[7])
Postal code(s)[8]

357500–357504, 357506, 357519, 357522, 357524, 357528, 357532, 357534, 357535, 357538

Dialing code(s) +7 8793
OKTMO ID 07727000001
Website www.pyatigorsk.org

Pyatigorsk (Russian: Пятиго́рск; Circassian: Псыхуабэ, Psıxwabæ) is a city in Stavropol Krai, Russia located on the Podkumok River, about 20 kilometers (12 mi) from the town of Mineralnye Vody where there is an international airport and about 45 kilometers (28 mi) from Kislovodsk. Since January 19, 2010, it has been the administrative center of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia. Population: 142,511 (2010 Census);[4] 140,559 (2002 Census);[9] 129,499 (1989 Census).[10]

Overview[edit]

The name is derived from the fused Russian words «пять гор» (five mountains) and the city is so called because of the five peaks of the Beshtau (which also means five mountains in Turkic) of the Caucasian mountain range overlooking the city. It was founded in 1780,[2] and has been a health spa with mineral springs since 1803. Pyatigorsk is one of the oldest spa resorts in Russia. The health resort provides unique medical resources, and its underground wealth supplies 50 different mineral springs, medical mud taken from Lake Tambukan located 10 km (6 mi) from Pyatigorsk, and the mild climate of the area. It is one of 116 historical towns of the Russian Federation.

Russian poet Mikhail Lermontov was shot by Nikolai Martynov in a duel at Pyatigorsk on July 27, 1841. There is a museum in the city devoted to his memory. The Zionist activist Joseph Trumpeldor was born in Pyatigorsk.

History[edit]

View of Pyatigorsk between 1890 and 1900.

The writings of the 14th-century Arabian traveler Ibn Battuta included the earliest known mention of the mineral springs. Peter the Great (reigned 1682-1725) fostered the earliest scientific study of them, but the information collected on his expedition has not survived. Interest revived at the end of the 18th century with the foundation of the first Russian settlement (Konstantinogorskaya fortress), erected at Mt. Mashuk in 1780.[2][11]

The value of the Caucasian mineral waters led to the construction of a resort in 1803, and studies of their medical properties began thereafter: on April 24, Alexander I signed a decree which made the mineral waters state property. Many settlements developed near the springs: first Goryachevodsk (now part of Pyatigorsk) at the bottom of Mt. Mashuk, then Kislovodsk, Yessentuki, and Zheleznovodsk.[12] During the Russian Empire, the settlement was the administrative capital of the Pyatigorsky Otdel of the Terek Oblast.

During World War II the German Wehrmacht temporarily occupied Pyatigorsk. The Einsatzkommando 12 of Einsatzgruppe D had its headquarters in Pyatigorsk in 1942.[13] The German occupation resulted in the killing of many Jewish inhabitants of the region.[14]

Geography[edit]

The city is situated on a small plateau, 512 meters (1,680 ft) above sea level, at the foot of Beshtau, Mashuk, and three other outliers of the Caucasus Mountains, which protect it on the north. The snow-covered summits of Mount Elbrus are visible to the south.

Climate[edit]

The climate of Pyatigorsk falls within humid continental (Dfb) classification under the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system and is characterized by absence of sharp fluctuations of annual and daily temperatures. Summers are warm with the average July temperature of +21 °C (70 °F) while winters, lasting two to three months, are cold, with the average January temperature of −4 °C (25 °F). Spring is cool, with a sharp transition by the summer, and a warm, dry, and long fall. There are an average of ninety-eight sunny days in a year.

Climate data for Pyatigorsk
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.2
(64.8)
20.8
(69.4)
30.3
(86.5)
33.5
(92.3)
34.4
(93.9)
36.5
(97.7)
39.7
(103.5)
40.9
(105.6)
37.4
(99.3)
31.4
(88.5)
25.1
(77.2)
20.6
(69.1)
40.9
(105.6)
Average high °C (°F) 0.8
(33.4)
1.3
(34.3)
5.9
(42.6)
14.9
(58.8)
20.3
(68.5)
24.1
(75.4)
27.0
(80.6)
26.5
(79.7)
21.4
(70.5)
14.6
(58.3)
7.7
(45.9)
2.9
(37.2)
14.1
(57.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.8
(25.2)
−3.2
(26.2)
1.0
(33.8)
8.9
(48.0)
14.5
(58.1)
18.4
(65.1)
21.1
(70.0)
20.3
(68.5)
15.3
(59.5)
8.9
(48.0)
3.1
(37.6)
−1.5
(29.3)
8.7
(47.7)
Average low °C (°F) −7.7
(18.1)
−7.0
(19.4)
−2.9
(26.8)
3.6
(38.5)
8.8
(47.8)
12.6
(54.7)
15.4
(59.7)
14.7
(58.5)
10.1
(50.2)
4.2
(39.6)
−0.7
(30.7)
−5.2
(22.6)
3.9
(39.0)
Record low °C (°F) −32.5
(−26.5)
−31.6
(−24.9)
−23.4
(−10.1)
−11.9
(10.6)
−4.8
(23.4)
1.5
(34.7)
7.0
(44.6)
3.3
(37.9)
−3.2
(26.2)
−9.6
(14.7)
−22.3
(−8.1)
−25.8
(−14.4)
−32.5
(−26.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 18.3
(0.72)
19.0
(0.75)
26.4
(1.04)
48.0
(1.89)
72.8
(2.87)
86.4
(3.40)
70.0
(2.76)
51.7
(2.04)
43.6
(1.72)
32.7
(1.29)
25.7
(1.01)
23.7
(0.93)
518.3
(20.42)
Average precipitation days 16.8 16.1 16.2 13.7 11.7 9.7 7.1 6.5 10.7 15.4 13.7 16.4 154
Source: climatebase.ru[15]

Administrative and municipal status[edit]

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with two urban-type settlements (Goryachevodsky and Svobody) and five rural localities, incorporated as the city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk is incorporated as Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug.[6]

Economy[edit]

The industry of Pyatigorsk is primarily oriented towards service of the health resort. There is also food industry (a meat-processing plant, a winery, a dairy, a brewery, a confectionery), textiles (clothing, shoe plant, carpet factories), machine industry and metal working (PО Pyatigorskselmash specializes in machines and equipment for aviculture; a special automobile equipment works, an electromechanical plant, etc.); mining, a chemical factory and a ceramics factory who specialize in porcelain and ceramic gifts such as samovars, figurines, vases, and decorative ceramic wall hanging panels.

In 1991, the Pyatigorsk health resort had ten sanatoria, four boarding houses and five sanatoria-preventoria. The number of people who stayed at the health resort within a year totalled about 170,000.

Points of interest[edit]

The state memorial estate of Mikhail Lermontov was founded in 1973. It unites all of the Lermontov memorial places in the region: the place where he fought his duel and was killed, a necropolis, Lermontov’s small house, Verzilin’s houses, the house of Alexander Alyabyev, the Lermontov square, and monument.

The Aeolian harp is a small stone pavilion in the classical style, constructed by the brothers Bernardacci in 1828.

Diana’s grotto was built in 1830, in honor of the first ascent of Mount Elbrus.

Pyatigorsk is very well known in the Caucasus region for its excellent restaurants and nightlife, architecture, as well as for its extremely large marketplace. A major thoroughfare is known to locals as «Broadway», which runs through the center of the city, and on which most of the best restaurants, nightclubs, and attractions are located. Broadway is also a popular spot for people watching. The influence of the Caucasus region is felt here most noticeably in the music and cuisine, which incorporate aspects of many former Soviet republics such as Armenia.

Pyatigorsk features prominently in Jonathan Littell’s 2009 novel, The Kindly Ones.

Honors[edit]

Asteroid 2192 Pyatigoriya discovered in 1972 by Soviet astronomer Tamara Smirnova is named after the city.[16]

Twin towns – sister cities[edit]

Pyatigorsk is twinned with:[17]

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e Resolution #63-p
  2. ^ a b c «Пятигорск». megabook.ru. Retrieved July 27, 2014.
  3. ^ Управление Росреестра по Ставропольскому краю. Доклад о состоянии и использовании земель Ставропольского края в 2010 году[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  5. ^ «26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года». Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  6. ^ a b c Law #88-kz
  7. ^ «Об исчислении времени». Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  8. ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  10. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  11. ^ Battutah, Ibn (2002). The Travels of Ibn Battutah. London: Picador. p. 124. ISBN 9780330418799.
  12. ^
    «Pyatigorsk». Newtime21v.narod.ru. January 30, 2007. Archived from the original on December 25, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2012.
  13. ^
    (in German) Jonathan Littell: Die Wohlgesinnten — Materialienband. Berlin 2006. P. 66
  14. ^
    «Russia // Kira Belkova». The Jewish Foundation for the Righteous. Archived from the original on July 28, 2011.
  15. ^ «Climatebase». Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  16. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names (5th ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 178. ISBN 3-540-00238-3.
  17. ^ «Города-побратимы». pyatigorsk.org. Pyatigorsk. Retrieved February 6, 2020.

Sources[edit]

  • Правительство Ставропольского края. Постановление №63-п от 4 мая 2006 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края», в ред. Постановления №75-п от 5 марта 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в пункт 47 Раздела II Реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края, утверждённый Постановлением Правительства Ставропольского края от 04 мая 2006 г. №63-п». Вступил в силу с 4 мая 2006 г.. Опубликован: «Сборник законов и других правовых актов Ставропольского края», №17, ст. 5609, 10 июля 2006 г. (Government of Stavropol Krai. Resolution #63-p of May 4, 2006 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Resolution #75-p of March 5, 2015 On Amending Item 47 of Section II of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai Adopted by Resolution #63-p of the Government of Stavropol Krai of May 4, 2006. Effective as of May 4, 2006.).
  • Государственная Дума Ставропольского края. Закон №88-кз от 4 октября 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований Ставропольского края статусом городского, сельского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района», в ред. Закона №51-кз от 28 мая 2015 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований, входящих в состав Минераловодского муниципального района Ставропольского края (Минераловодского территориального муниципального образования Ставропольского края), и об организации местного самоуправления на территории Минераловодского района Ставропольского края». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: «Ставропольская правда», №216, 6 октября 2004 г. (State Duma of Stavropol Krai. Law #88-kz of October 4, 2004 On Granting the Status of Urban, Rural Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District to the Municipal Formations of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Law #51-kz of May 28, 2015 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations Within Mineralovodsky Municipal District of Stavropol Krai (Mineralovodskoye Territorial Municipal Formation of Stavropol Krai), and on the Organization of the Local Self-Government on the Territory of Mineralovodsky District of Stavropol Krai. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

External links[edit]

  • Official website of Pyatigorsk (in Russian)
  • Website about Pyatigorsk (in Russian)
  • Weather in Pyatigorsk
  • Pyatigorsk city website
  • BBC News. Scraping by in a Russian resort

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