Как пишется слово квиллинг

Слово «квилинг»

Слово состоит из 7 букв, начинается и заканчивается на согласную, первая буква — «к», вторая буква — «в», третья буква — «и», четвёртая буква — «л», пятая буква — «и», шестая буква — «н», последняя буква — «г».

Написание слова «квилинг» наоборот

Как это слово пишется в обратной последовательности.

гниливк 😀

Написание слова «квилинг» в транслите

Как это слово пишется в транслитерации.

в армянской🇦🇲 կվիլինգ

в греческой🇬🇷 κυειλειγγ

в грузинской🇬🇪 კვილინგ

в еврейской🇮🇱 כבילינג

в латинской🇬🇧 kviling

Как это слово пишется в пьюникоде — Punycode, ACE-последовательность IDN

xn--b1acoahip

Как это слово пишется в английской Qwerty-раскладке клавиатуры.

rdbkbyu

Написание слова «квилинг» шрифтом Брайля

Как это слово пишется рельефно-точечным тактильным шрифтом.

⠅⠺⠊⠇⠊⠝⠛

Передача слова «квилинг» на азбуке Морзе

Как это слово передаётся на морзянке.

– ⋅ – ⋅ – – ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ – ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ – ⋅ – – ⋅

Произношение слова «квилинг» на дактильной азбуке

Как это слово произносится на ручной азбуке глухонемых (но не на языке жестов).

Передача слова «квилинг» семафорной азбукой

Как это слово передаётся флажковой сигнализацией.

Остальные слова из 7 букв

Какие ещё слова состоят из такого же количества букв.

• аа-лава
• ааленец
• ааронов
• аахенец
• аба-ван
• аба-вуа
• абадзех
• абазгия
• абазины
• абакост
• абакумы
• абандон
• абацист
• аббатов
• абгаллу
• абдалов
• абдерит
• абдомен
• абдулла
• абевега
• абелева
• абелево
• абессив
• абиетин

1

Склонение слова квиллинг по падежам

На этой странице показано слонение слова квиллинг по падежам в единственном и множественном числе

Склонение слова квиллинг в единственном числе

Склонение слова квиллинг в множественном числе

Квиллинг (англ. quilling; от quill «птичье перо»), также известен как бумагокручение — искусство изготовления плоских или объёмных композиций из скрученных в спиральки длинных и узких полосок бумаги. Готовым спиралькам придаётся различная форма и таким образом получаются элементы бумагокручения, называемые также модулями. Уже они и являются «строительным» материалом в создании работ — картин, открыток, альбомов, рамок для фотографий, различных фигурок, часов, бижутерии и т. д. Искусство бумагокручения возникло в конце XIV — начале XV веков в средиземноморской Европе. Считается, что квиллинг придумали монахи. Обрезая позолоченные края книг, они накручивали их на кончики птичьих перьев, отсюда и название (quill — в переводе с английского «птичье перо»), что создавало имитацию золотой миниатюры (особенно часто использовалось в бедных церквях). В России данное искусство стало популярным только в конце XX века, также квиллинг имеет большую популярность в Германии и Англии.Данная техника не требует значительных материальных затрат для начала её освоения. Однако и простым бумагокручение не назовёшь, так как для достижения достойного результата необходимо проявить терпение, усидчивость, ловкость, аккуратность и, конечно, выработать навыки скручивания качественных модулей.В XV—XVI веке бумагокручение считалось искусством, в XIX веке — дамским развлечением (и чуть ли не единственным рукоделием, достойным благородных дам). Большую часть XX века оно было забыто. И только в конце прошлого столетия бумагокручение снова стало превращаться в искусство. В Англии принцесса Елизавета всерьёз увлекалась искусством квиллинга, и многие её творения хранятся в музее Виктории и Альберта в Лондоне.

Корейская школа бумагокручения отличается от европейской. Современные европейские работы, как правило, состоят из небольшого числа деталей, они лаконичны, напоминают мозаики, украшают открытки и рамочки. Восточные же мастера создают сложные произведения, больше похожие на шедевры ювелирного искусства. Тончайшее объёмное «кружево» сплетается из сотен мелких деталей. Как правило, это большие и сложные картины. В Корейской школе квиллинга не принято использовать стержни для накручивания. Все выполняется вручную. Корейские работы в технике квиллинга чаще бывают объёмными.

В Европе для скручивания полосок используют пластмассовый или металлический стержень с прорезью на конце. Некоторые и сами делают подобный инструмент, например, из стержня для шариковой ручки. В этом случае при скручивании получается деталь со слишком крупным и неровным отверстием в центре. Мастера восточной школы предпочитают выполнять закручивание при помощи тонкого шила, при этом кончик бумаги проскальзывает. Подобие его можно смастерить из толстой иглы и пробки. Так же можно накручивать бумагу на зубочистки.Существуют линейки с отверстиями разного диаметра, позволяющие создавать элементы точно заданного размера. Для этого скрученные спирали кладутся в отверстия линейки.Также используются пинцет (для точного закрепления деталей на основе), ножницы, клей ПВА (или любой другой достаточно густой клей), обычно берётся бутылочка с небольшим отверстием, чтобы было легче контролировать количество клея.

Самый универсальный вариант — сделать инструмент для накручивания полосок из иглы с большим и длинным ушком. Для этого надо просто клещами отрезать самый кончик ушка, чтобы получилось разветвление (подобие вил). Для большего удобства можно вставить получившееся устройство в обратный конец карандаша острием иголки.

Также, сейчас в некоторых магазинах для творчества возможно купить специальное приспособление для накручивания полосок (наподобие самодельной иглы).

Для бумагокручения используется бумага различной плотности (от 116 до 160 г/м²), окрашенная в объёме, чтобы обе стороны и срез выглядели одинаково, хотя иногда срезу специально придают другой цвет. Наборы готовых нарезанных полосок бумаги для бумагокручения (разноцветные и однотонные) можно купить в специализированных магазинах. Если же такой возможности нет, то можно нарезать полоски самостоятельно: ширина полосок для квиллинга обычно с

Quilling is an art form that involves the use of strips of paper that are rolled, shaped, and glued together to create decorative designs. The paper is rolled, looped, curled, twisted, and otherwise manipulated to create shapes that make up designs to decorate greetings cards, pictures, boxes, eggs, and to make models, jewelry, mobiles, etc. Quilling starts with rolling a strip of paper into a coil and then pinching the coil into shapes that can be glued together. There are advanced techniques and different sized paper that are used to create 3D miniatures, abstract art, flowers, and portraits among many things.

History[edit]

Quilling also known as paper-rolling, or paper scrolling a long and interesting history. The origins of quilling are not recorded, but some think it began with the invention of paper, in China in 105 AD or in Egypt, where some tombs have been found to contain wire shapes similar in appearance to modern quilling.
It is believed that in the 300s and 400s, silver and gold wires were quilled around pillars and vases, and jewelry made using this technique. Quilling was practised by Greeks who used thin metal wires to decorate containers and boxes. The earliest works ever were from the medieval period. Also they were found in religious houses across Europe.

With many nationalities claiming the origins of the craft of quilling, it is almost impossible to determine which one invented it. In the 13th century, the metal filigree was used for decoration in many countries. But when traditional materials became scarce and unobtainable to the layperson, the paper was used as a substitute.

In England, with the appearance of first paper mills around 1495, the establishment of paper manufacturing was significant factor in the development of quill work. Paper, elaborately constructed into design and then guilded, substituted more expensive metal.

There are records of French and Italian nuns using the torn edges of guilt-edged Holy books from 1200s — 1600s. These pieces were wrapped around goose quills to create coiled shapes for decoration of reliquaries and holy pictures. They used paper and then gilded or painted the finished work replicating expensive intricacies of wrought iron or carved ivory.This practice of using quills resulted in the craft’s name — quilling.
Many sources claim that in Europe the ladies of affluence were taught quilling along with the needle work in Edwardian and Victorian times. Special reassesses were made in tea caddies, baskets, portraits, screens and even in furniture sides to allocate the surface for intricate paper coils and shapes.The instructions and templates were published in magazines of the time. The quality of quilling was at its highest standard.

There were mostly genteel women in Europe, and particularly in England, quilling was seen as a proper hobby for young ladies to take up along with needlework. It flourished among the ladies of upper classes with not need gainful work and spared domestic chores.

Quilling guild of England makes references to The New Lady’s Magazine of 1786:»… it affords an amusement to the female mind capable of the most pleasing and extensive variety; and at the same time, it conduces to fill up a leisure hour with an innocent recreation ..:’ Another source, an Edwardian book of household management entitled ‘Floral Mosaicon,’ provided a reference to Queen Mary and Queen Alexandra purchasing paper pieces.

Only those with money could afford to purchase the supplies needed for quilling such as foil, mica or flaked shell, which were often used as backgrounds. The wooden frames were sold for the sole purpose of being decorated with pieces of paper rolled, shaped and glued into patterns. The projects were usually finished by painting or gilding. The ladies were to use quilling to while away their hours in the pursuit of becoming accomplished women, comfortable knowing that in time, an eligible bachelor would likely take them as a wife. Quilling thereby became a means of signaling wealth and leisure time to prospective husbands.

Until then they decorated screens, cabinets, frames, tea caddies, cribbage boards, wine coasters, work baskets and work boxes, urns and over time, even furniture. Certainly the craft was popular in the early 1810s (the Regency period), but its popularity waned soon later.
In 1875 quilling was reintroduced in Europe by William Bemrose, who produced a kit ‘Mosaicon’ that included a handbook on quilling. But by the beginning of 20th century it was only introduced as part of a school craft education.

Many European museums hold examples of quilled work, and two major exhibitions of quilling have been held in 1927 in London, one reportedly displaying items quilled presumably by Charles I.

The exhibition of 1988 in New York at the Florian-Papp Gallery presented for exhibition and sale some exquisite examples mostly of these were of European origin. Patricia Caputo also tells extensively on the revival of quilling in America. She mentioned the American Quilling Guild, surviving suppliers, exhibitions, and overall growing popularity of the craft in 1970s-1980s. The Quilling guild of England is a very popular organisation across Europe and Australia. Both staging exhibitions and providing classes extensively in modern and classic style of quilling.

British quilling guild staged festivals of the craft since 1990s across the country, and hopes to have a permanent display of its archives.
The best literary example of quilling as a ladies’ pastime was given in Jane Austin’s «Pride and Prejudice».
Lucy Steele, attempting to carry favour with the Middletons, in particular with Lady Middleton, creates a filigree work basket for the Middleton’s spoilt daughter, Anna-Maria: Perhaps,» continued Elinor, «if I should happen to cut out, I may be of some use to Miss Lucy Steele, in rolling her papers for her; and there is so much still to be done to the basket, that it must be impossible, I think, for her labour singly, to finish it this evening. I should like the work exceedingly, if she would allow me a share in it.
But later Austin depicts the filigree basket as a waste of time and money because of its useless fragility.
Sense and Sensibility, Jane Austin, Chapter 23
If you have ever wondered, what the Bennet sisters were doing with a number of pieces of rolled paper spread over the table in one scene, fortunately, you will now be in the know!

Many quilled art can be found on cabinets and stands, cribbage boards, ladies’ purses, a wide range of both pictures and frames, work baskets, tea caddies, coats of arms and wine coasters. Storage boxes, larger than most jewelry boxes with drawers and/or tops that opened, quilled lock boxes, and more popular is quilling jewelry in recent times became a trend for fashion lovers, as they can be very light and easy to carry on them. Some items were specially designed for quilling with recessed surfaces. Quilling was also combined or married with other techniques such as embroidery and painting.^[1]

Today, quilling is seeing a resurgence in popularity. It is sometimes used for decorating wedding invitations, for Christmas, birth announcements, greeting cards, scrapbook pages, and boxes. Quilling can be found in art galleries in Europe and in the United States and is an art that is practiced around the world.^[2]

Accessibility[edit]

Quilling is relatively easy to learn compared to most other crafts, and with the resources available today, it can be learned by almost everyone. Basic quilling techniques can be learned almost anywhere and there are several videos online to teach how to start quilling.^[3] There are more exotic styles of quilling that aren’t commonly taught, but can be learned through books that teach the specific style.^[4]

Tools[edit]

Slotted tool[edit]

The slotted tool is the most important quilling tool as it makes curling coils much easier and faster. Bird feather quills can be used as slotted tools, and this is where the word ‘quilling’ comes from.^[5] The quality of the coil is noticeably higher compared to a coil that was curled with a toothpick or hand. For younger children, it is recommended that a Curling Coach be used with the slotted tool.

Needle tool[edit]

The needle tool plays a supporting role in the craft. It is used primarily to apply glue to hard-to-reach areas of the coil or quilling design.

Tweezers[edit]

Tweezers are used to make delicate coils to prevent warping and unraveling. They keep the coils the same size which is important when making something with duplicate coils, like flower petals. Tweezers are also helpful in inserting paper in tight spaces.

Circle sizer ruler[edit]

The circle sizer ruler is not essential in making coils into a desired size after curling. The ruler on the side is used to measure each strip to ensure they are the same length before curling.

Curling coach[edit]

Curling coaches make a great complement tool for slotted tools and are recommended for younger kids and people who like to quill 3D miniatures. It makes curling the strips much faster and easier than if they were curled with just the slotted tool.

Crimper tool[edit]

This tool is used to make crimped quilling strips. It helps to create different patterns.
it is used to curl the sheets

Paper types[edit]

Any type of paper can be used for quilling, however some will last for longer than others. Specialist quilling paper is available on the consumer market in over 250 colors and dimensions. It can be divided into various categories, like solid-colored, graduated, two-tone, acid-free, and other assorted parcels of quilling paper. It is available in various dimensions, such as 1/8”, ¼” and 3/8″ or 3mm, 5mm, 7mm, and 10mm paper parcels.^[6] 5mm being the most widely used size.

Acid-Free

As the name clearly indicates this is a paper that is completely acid-free. The quality makes it an outstanding choice for making scrapbooks, rubber stamping, and creating frames for pictures. It assures your project will last a lifetime, without any side effects on the framed picture or album.

Graduated

This type of paper provides an exceptional look to decorative quilling projects. The edges have a solid color that gradually fades to white. When using a graduated paper, a quilling ring begins with a dark shade but ends up being faded to a lighter side. On the contrary, some graduated papers begin as white, or a lighter shade, and then slowly fades into a solid, darker color.

Two-Tone

This is another important type of quilling paper. It is quite similar to the graduated quilling paper in its use. The look consists of a concrete color on one side and a comparatively lighter color on the other side. With two-tone paper the color remains the same, however, the intensity of the color is different. The main use of this quilling paper is to provide a desired level of softness to the quilled subject. It possesses the capacity to quill many papers in a single spiral.

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• Papp, Melinda Florian; Papp, William James, Rolled, Scrolled, Crimped, and Folded: The Lost art of Filigree Paperwork, New York: Florian Papp, OCLC 473586647 — 50 pages of information and pictures of antique works of art.
• Natural Born Quillers, Conservation of paper Quills on the Sarah Siddon Plaque Frames, Clair Batisson, VAM, Conservation Journal, April 1998, Issue 27
• https://artuk.org/visit/venues/lady-lever-art-gallery-6229 https://herreputationforaccomplishment.wordpress.com/2014/06/28/filigr
• ee-and-folly-jane-austens-lucy-steele-and-maria-edgeworths-rosamond/ https://
• citation from Forgotten Craft of Quilling. History. Technique. Inspiration, 2017

External links[edit]

• North American Quilling Guild (NAQG) — Purpose of the guild is to «promote quilling»
• The Quilling Guild

Quilling is an art form that involves the use of strips of paper that are rolled, shaped, and glued together to create decorative designs. The paper is rolled, looped, curled, twisted, and otherwise manipulated to create shapes that make up designs to decorate greetings cards, pictures, boxes, eggs, and to make models, jewelry, mobiles, etc. Quilling starts with rolling a strip of paper into a coil and then pinching the coil into shapes that can be glued together. There are advanced techniques and different sized paper that are used to create 3D miniatures, abstract art, flowers, and portraits among many things.

History[edit]

Quilling also known as paper-rolling, or paper scrolling a long and interesting history. The origins of quilling are not recorded, but some think it began with the invention of paper, in China in 105 AD or in Egypt, where some tombs have been found to contain wire shapes similar in appearance to modern quilling.
It is believed that in the 300s and 400s, silver and gold wires were quilled around pillars and vases, and jewelry made using this technique. Quilling was practised by Greeks who used thin metal wires to decorate containers and boxes. The earliest works ever were from the medieval period. Also they were found in religious houses across Europe.

With many nationalities claiming the origins of the craft of quilling, it is almost impossible to determine which one invented it. In the 13th century, the metal filigree was used for decoration in many countries. But when traditional materials became scarce and unobtainable to the layperson, the paper was used as a substitute.

In England, with the appearance of first paper mills around 1495, the establishment of paper manufacturing was significant factor in the development of quill work. Paper, elaborately constructed into design and then guilded, substituted more expensive metal.

There are records of French and Italian nuns using the torn edges of guilt-edged Holy books from 1200s — 1600s. These pieces were wrapped around goose quills to create coiled shapes for decoration of reliquaries and holy pictures. They used paper and then gilded or painted the finished work replicating expensive intricacies of wrought iron or carved ivory.This practice of using quills resulted in the craft’s name — quilling.
Many sources claim that in Europe the ladies of affluence were taught quilling along with the needle work in Edwardian and Victorian times. Special reassesses were made in tea caddies, baskets, portraits, screens and even in furniture sides to allocate the surface for intricate paper coils and shapes.The instructions and templates were published in magazines of the time. The quality of quilling was at its highest standard.

There were mostly genteel women in Europe, and particularly in England, quilling was seen as a proper hobby for young ladies to take up along with needlework. It flourished among the ladies of upper classes with not need gainful work and spared domestic chores.

Quilling guild of England makes references to The New Lady’s Magazine of 1786:»… it affords an amusement to the female mind capable of the most pleasing and extensive variety; and at the same time, it conduces to fill up a leisure hour with an innocent recreation ..:’ Another source, an Edwardian book of household management entitled ‘Floral Mosaicon,’ provided a reference to Queen Mary and Queen Alexandra purchasing paper pieces.

Only those with money could afford to purchase the supplies needed for quilling such as foil, mica or flaked shell, which were often used as backgrounds. The wooden frames were sold for the sole purpose of being decorated with pieces of paper rolled, shaped and glued into patterns. The projects were usually finished by painting or gilding. The ladies were to use quilling to while away their hours in the pursuit of becoming accomplished women, comfortable knowing that in time, an eligible bachelor would likely take them as a wife. Quilling thereby became a means of signaling wealth and leisure time to prospective husbands.

Until then they decorated screens, cabinets, frames, tea caddies, cribbage boards, wine coasters, work baskets and work boxes, urns and over time, even furniture. Certainly the craft was popular in the early 1810s (the Regency period), but its popularity waned soon later.
In 1875 quilling was reintroduced in Europe by William Bemrose, who produced a kit ‘Mosaicon’ that included a handbook on quilling. But by the beginning of 20th century it was only introduced as part of a school craft education.

Many European museums hold examples of quilled work, and two major exhibitions of quilling have been held in 1927 in London, one reportedly displaying items quilled presumably by Charles I.

The exhibition of 1988 in New York at the Florian-Papp Gallery presented for exhibition and sale some exquisite examples mostly of these were of European origin. Patricia Caputo also tells extensively on the revival of quilling in America. She mentioned the American Quilling Guild, surviving suppliers, exhibitions, and overall growing popularity of the craft in 1970s-1980s. The Quilling guild of England is a very popular organisation across Europe and Australia. Both staging exhibitions and providing classes extensively in modern and classic style of quilling.

British quilling guild staged festivals of the craft since 1990s across the country, and hopes to have a permanent display of its archives.
The best literary example of quilling as a ladies’ pastime was given in Jane Austin’s «Pride and Prejudice».
Lucy Steele, attempting to carry favour with the Middletons, in particular with Lady Middleton, creates a filigree work basket for the Middleton’s spoilt daughter, Anna-Maria: Perhaps,» continued Elinor, «if I should happen to cut out, I may be of some use to Miss Lucy Steele, in rolling her papers for her; and there is so much still to be done to the basket, that it must be impossible, I think, for her labour singly, to finish it this evening. I should like the work exceedingly, if she would allow me a share in it.
But later Austin depicts the filigree basket as a waste of time and money because of its useless fragility.
Sense and Sensibility, Jane Austin, Chapter 23
If you have ever wondered, what the Bennet sisters were doing with a number of pieces of rolled paper spread over the table in one scene, fortunately, you will now be in the know!

Many quilled art can be found on cabinets and stands, cribbage boards, ladies’ purses, a wide range of both pictures and frames, work baskets, tea caddies, coats of arms and wine coasters. Storage boxes, larger than most jewelry boxes with drawers and/or tops that opened, quilled lock boxes, and more popular is quilling jewelry in recent times became a trend for fashion lovers, as they can be very light and easy to carry on them. Some items were specially designed for quilling with recessed surfaces. Quilling was also combined or married with other techniques such as embroidery and painting.^[1]

Today, quilling is seeing a resurgence in popularity. It is sometimes used for decorating wedding invitations, for Christmas, birth announcements, greeting cards, scrapbook pages, and boxes. Quilling can be found in art galleries in Europe and in the United States and is an art that is practiced around the world.^[2]

Accessibility[edit]

Quilling is relatively easy to learn compared to most other crafts, and with the resources available today, it can be learned by almost everyone. Basic quilling techniques can be learned almost anywhere and there are several videos online to teach how to start quilling.^[3] There are more exotic styles of quilling that aren’t commonly taught, but can be learned through books that teach the specific style.^[4]

Tools[edit]

Slotted tool[edit]

The slotted tool is the most important quilling tool as it makes curling coils much easier and faster. Bird feather quills can be used as slotted tools, and this is where the word ‘quilling’ comes from.^[5] The quality of the coil is noticeably higher compared to a coil that was curled with a toothpick or hand. For younger children, it is recommended that a Curling Coach be used with the slotted tool.

Needle tool[edit]

The needle tool plays a supporting role in the craft. It is used primarily to apply glue to hard-to-reach areas of the coil or quilling design.

Tweezers[edit]

Tweezers are used to make delicate coils to prevent warping and unraveling. They keep the coils the same size which is important when making something with duplicate coils, like flower petals. Tweezers are also helpful in inserting paper in tight spaces.

Circle sizer ruler[edit]

The circle sizer ruler is not essential in making coils into a desired size after curling. The ruler on the side is used to measure each strip to ensure they are the same length before curling.

Curling coach[edit]

Curling coaches make a great complement tool for slotted tools and are recommended for younger kids and people who like to quill 3D miniatures. It makes curling the strips much faster and easier than if they were curled with just the slotted tool.

Crimper tool[edit]

This tool is used to make crimped quilling strips. It helps to create different patterns.
it is used to curl the sheets

Paper types[edit]

Any type of paper can be used for quilling, however some will last for longer than others. Specialist quilling paper is available on the consumer market in over 250 colors and dimensions. It can be divided into various categories, like solid-colored, graduated, two-tone, acid-free, and other assorted parcels of quilling paper. It is available in various dimensions, such as 1/8”, ¼” and 3/8″ or 3mm, 5mm, 7mm, and 10mm paper parcels.^[6] 5mm being the most widely used size.

Acid-Free

As the name clearly indicates this is a paper that is completely acid-free. The quality makes it an outstanding choice for making scrapbooks, rubber stamping, and creating frames for pictures. It assures your project will last a lifetime, without any side effects on the framed picture or album.

Graduated

This type of paper provides an exceptional look to decorative quilling projects. The edges have a solid color that gradually fades to white. When using a graduated paper, a quilling ring begins with a dark shade but ends up being faded to a lighter side. On the contrary, some graduated papers begin as white, or a lighter shade, and then slowly fades into a solid, darker color.

Two-Tone

This is another important type of quilling paper. It is quite similar to the graduated quilling paper in its use. The look consists of a concrete color on one side and a comparatively lighter color on the other side. With two-tone paper the color remains the same, however, the intensity of the color is different. The main use of this quilling paper is to provide a desired level of softness to the quilled subject. It possesses the capacity to quill many papers in a single spiral.

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• Papp, Melinda Florian; Papp, William James, Rolled, Scrolled, Crimped, and Folded: The Lost art of Filigree Paperwork, New York: Florian Papp, OCLC 473586647 — 50 pages of information and pictures of antique works of art.
• Natural Born Quillers, Conservation of paper Quills on the Sarah Siddon Plaque Frames, Clair Batisson, VAM, Conservation Journal, April 1998, Issue 27
• https://artuk.org/visit/venues/lady-lever-art-gallery-6229 https://herreputationforaccomplishment.wordpress.com/2014/06/28/filigr
• ee-and-folly-jane-austens-lucy-steele-and-maria-edgeworths-rosamond/ https://
• citation from Forgotten Craft of Quilling. History. Technique. Inspiration, 2017

External links[edit]

• North American Quilling Guild (NAQG) — Purpose of the guild is to «promote quilling»
• The Quilling Guild

Один из вариантов hand-made занятий – квиллинг, позволяющий создавать шедевры из разноцветной бумаги. А история возникновения и создания квиллинга заслуживает отдельной темы. Техника требует относительно небольших материальных затрат, а также терпения, усидчивости и скрупулезности. С ее помощью получится создавать яркий декор, погружаясь в удивительный мир творчества.

Декоративно прикладное искусство квиллинг

Термин «квиллинг» образован от английского слова quill, которое переводится как «птичье перо». Другое название – «бумагокручение». Техника представляет собой создание изделий из свернутых полосок бумаги как декоративно прикладное искусство квиллинга.

Базовый элемент квиллинга – модуль (ролл, спираль). Он формируется путем скручивания длинной и узкой бумажной полосы. Сначала делаются валики, затем им придается различная форма. В дальнейшем отдельные элементы собираются в одно изделие. Модули используют для создания:

• картин, панно;
• открыток;
• фигурок, игрушек;
• праздничных украшений;
• подставок, салфетниц;
• шкатулок, коробочек, органайзеров.

Поделки могут состоять из нескольких крупных деталей так и из сотен мельчайших элементов. Зачастую их дополняют материалами и приемами из других hand-made техник – тканевыми вставками, бусинами, бисером, проволочными каркасами и так далее.

История возникновения квиллинга

История возникновения квиллинга как техники начинается в XIV – XV веках в Европе. Монахи обрезали края книжных листов, покрытые позолотой, а потом скручивали их в спирали с помощью кончиков перьев птиц. Поэтому занятию дали такое название. Из золотистых завитков умельцы создавали утонченные медальоны, которые невозможно было отличить от ювелирных.

В XIX веке квиллингом увлеклись дамы из высшего общества. Обычные люди не могли себе позволить создавать поделки такого дорогого материала, как бумага. Со временем техника стала модной среди европейских домохозяек и превратилась из искусства в хобби. Затем бумагокручение было забыто и приобрело популярность только во второй половине XX века. Особенно любим квиллинг в Германии и Англии. Принцесса Елизавета активно им занималась. Некоторые ее работы находятся в Лондонском музее.

Виды

Выделяют две школы квиллинга – европейскую и азиатскую (корейскую). Первая отличается простотой, лаконичностью и небольшим количеством деталей в композициях. Мастера используют специальные шилья для скручивания бумаги и трафареты. Представители азиатской школы создают ажурные работы из множества элементов: сложные картины, объемные изделия. Они формируют модули вручную без всяких приспособлений.

Выделяют 5 видов квиллинга:

1. Контурный (графический). Детали фиксируются на основу с намеченными линиями или в виде вырезанного силуэта. Контуры изображения могут создаваться из полосок (отдельных, сплошных) или роллов.
2. Объемный. Заранее подготовленные модули соединяются между собой по определенной схеме. В результате получается объемная «кружевная» фигурка.
3. Гофроквиллинг. В качестве материала используется специальный тонкий гофрированный картон с небольшими ребрами. Он хорошо гнется и сохранят форму. Чаще всего из него делают большие и простые по форме объемные поделки вместе с детьми.
4. Хастинг (петельчатый, колосковый). Основной элемент в такой технике – петелька, создаваемая с помощью специального гребня. Из нее формируют витиеватые растительные узоры.
5. Бихайв (улей). Подходит для заполнения любых форм и контуров в композициях. Вместо модулей используется тонкая непрерывная полоса бумаги, на которой создаются завитки.

Необходимые инструменты и материалы

Для создания шедевров в технике квиллинг понадобятся:

• бумажные полоски;
• специальное шило для закручивания роллов – с ухватистой рукояткой из дерева или пластика и металлическим стержнем с раздвоением на конце («вилкой»);
• клей – ПВА, карандаш, пистолет;
• пинцет для придерживания полосок при склеивании;
• пробковая подложка;
• трафаретная линейка для квиллинга с отверстиями разного размера и формы;
• ножницы, карандаш;
• булавки для фиксации и выравнивания модулей;
• для хастинга – гребень с длинными зубцами;
• для гофроквиллинга – обжиматель;
• основа из плотного картона.

Полоски для квиллинга продаются в виде готовых наборов шириной от 2 до 9 мм. Самый удобный размер – 5 мм по ширине и 30 см по длине, но выбор зависит от композиции. Важный показатель – плотность бумаги. Слишком тонкие листы клей размягчит, и поделка потеряет форму, толстые – раскрутятся. Оптимальный показатель – 120 – 140 г/м². Бумага должна быть прокрашена по всей толщине. Если нет возможности купить специальный набор, полоски можно нарезать самостоятельно.

Для начинающих достаточно бумаги, зубочисток (вместо шила) и клея. Инструмент для скручивания можно сделать самостоятельно из пробки и цыганской иглы, отрезав кончик ушка.

Базовые элементы

Элементы квиллинга делятся на две больших группы:

• роллы – закрытые спиральки, кончик которых зафиксирован клеем;
• скроллы – открытые модули в форме завитков с незакрепленным кончиком.

Рассмотрим основные из них:

Тугой ролл. Вставить конец полоски в прорезь «вилки», аккуратно проворачивая рукоятку, скрутить плотный валик. Зафиксировать конец клеем.

Распущенный ролл. Сделать тугой валик. Снять его с шила и положить в нужное отверстие трафарета. После того как он распустится до требуемого размера, приклеить кончик, придерживая его пинцетом.

Глаз. Сделать распущенный ролл. Взять за противоположные концы и сплющить их пальцами, придавая форму глаза. Зафиксировать конец.

Капля. Сделать распущенный ролл и не вынимать из трафарета. Сместить центр спирали к краю с помощью булавки. Достать деталь, сжать пальцами хвостик капли, то есть конец, противоположный смещенному центру. Закрепить кончик.

S-скролл. Наметить середину полоски. Скрутить тугой ролл с одного конца, дойдя до центра. Повторить с другого конца, но в противоположную сторону. Немного распустить спирали. Должна получиться буква S.

Изделия в квиллинге получаются оригинальными и привлекательными. Все они создаются из базовых деталей, компоновка которых открывает широкий простор для фантазии. С помощью бумагокручения можно создавать разнообразные декоративные и прикладные бытовые предметы, а также произведения искусства. Кроме того, квиллинг – отличный вариант хобби для совместного провождения временис детьми.