Как правильно пишется феррари

Ferrari S.p.A.

Headquarters in Maranello
Type	Public (S.p.A.)
Traded as	BIT: RACE NYSE: RACE FTSE MIB Component
ISIN	NL0011585146
Industry	Automotive
Founded	13 September 1939; 83 years ago in Modena, Italy (as Auto Avio Costruzioni)[1]
Founder	Enzo Ferrari
Headquarters	Maranello, Emilia-Romagna, Italy Modena, Emilia-Romagna, Italy (seat) [2] 44°31′57″N 10°51′51″E / 44.532447°N 10.864137°ECoordinates: 44°31′57″N 10°51′51″E / 44.532447°N 10.864137°E
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	John Elkann (Executive Chairman) Piero Ferrari (Vice Chairman) Benedetto Vigna (CEO)
Products	Sports cars
Production output	11,155 units shipped (2021)[3]
Revenue	€4.27 billion (2021)[3]
Operating income	€1.07 billion (2021)[3]
Net income	€ 833 million (2021)[3]
Total assets	€ 6.86 billion (2021)[3]
Total equity	€ 2.21 billion (2021)[3]
Owners	Exor N.V. (24.21%)[3] Piero Ferrari (10.30%)[3] Public (65.49%)
Number of employees	4,571 (2021)[3]
Parent	Ferrari N.V.
Subsidiaries	Scuderia Ferrari S.p.A.
Website	www.ferrari.com
Footnotes / references [3][4]

Ferrari S.p.A. (; Italian: [ferˈraːri]) is an Italian luxury sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. Founded by Enzo Ferrari (1898–1988) in 1939 from the Alfa Romeo racing division as Auto Avio Costruzioni, the company built its first car in 1940, and produced its first Ferrari-badged car in 1947.

Fiat S.p.A. acquired 50% of Ferrari in 1969 and expanded its stake to 90% in 1988.^[5] In October 2014, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) announced its intentions to separate Ferrari S.p.A. from FCA; as of the announcement FCA owned 90% of Ferrari.^[6][7][8] The separation began in October 2015 with a restructuring that established Ferrari N.V. (a company incorporated in the Netherlands) as the new holding company of the Ferrari S.p.A. group,^[9] and the subsequent sale by FCA of 10% of the shares in an IPO and concurrent listing of common shares on the New York Stock Exchange.^[10] Through the remaining steps of the separation, FCA’s interest in Ferrari’s business was distributed to shareholders of FCA, with 10% continuing to be owned by Piero Ferrari.^[11] The spin-off was completed on the 3rd of January 2016.^[10]

Throughout its history, the company has been noted for its continued participation in racing, especially in Formula One, where it is the oldest and most successful racing team, holding the most constructors’ championships (16) and having produced the highest number of drivers’ championship wins (15).^[12] Ferrari road cars are generally seen as a symbol of speed, luxury and wealth.^[13] Ferrari cars are built at the 165,000 square-metre (16.5-hectare) Maranello factory.^[14] In 2014 Ferrari was rated the world’s most powerful brand by Brand Finance.^[15] As of 2021, Ferrari is the 10th-largest car manufacturer by market capitalisation, with $52.21 billion.^[16]

History[edit]

Enzo Ferrari was not initially interested in the idea of producing road cars when he formed Scuderia Ferrari in 1929, with headquarters in Modena. Scuderia Ferrari (pronounced [skudeˈriːa]) literally means «Ferrari Stable» and is usually used to mean «Team Ferrari.» Ferrari bought,^{[citation needed]} prepared, and fielded Alfa Romeo racing cars for gentleman drivers, functioning as the racing division of Alfa Romeo. In 1933, Alfa Romeo withdrew its in-house racing team and Scuderia Ferrari took over as its works team:^[1] the Scuderia received Alfa’s Grand Prix cars of the latest specifications and fielded many famous drivers such as Tazio Nuvolari and Achille Varzi. In 1938, Alfa Romeo again brought its racing operation in-house, forming Alfa Corse in Milan and hired Enzo Ferrari as manager of the new racing department; thereby disbanding the Scuderia Ferrari.^[1]

In September 1939, Ferrari left Alfa Romeo under the provision he would not use the Ferrari name in association with races or racing cars for at least four years.^[1] A few days later he founded Auto Avio Costruzioni, with headquarters in the facilities of the old Scuderia Ferrari.^[1] The new company ostensibly produced machine tools and aircraft accessories. In 1940, Ferrari produced a racing car – the Tipo 815, based on a Fiat platform. It was the first Ferrari car and debuted at the 1940 Mille Miglia, but due to World War II it saw little competition. In 1943, the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. The factory was bombed by the Allies and subsequently rebuilt including works for road car production.

The first Ferrari-badged car was the 1947 125 S, powered by a 1.5 L V12 engine;^[1] Enzo Ferrari reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund Scuderia Ferrari.^[17]

The Scuderia Ferrari name was resurrected to denote the factory racing cars and distinguish them from those fielded by customer teams.

In 1960, the company was restructured as a public corporation under the name SEFAC S.p.A. (Società Esercizio Fabbriche Automobili e Corse).^[18]

Early in 1969, Fiat took a 50% stake in Ferrari. An immediate result was an increase in available investment funds, and work started at once on a factory extension intended to transfer production from Fiat’s Turin plant of the Ferrari-engined Fiat Dino. New model investment further up in the Ferrari range also received a boost.

In 1988, Enzo Ferrari oversaw the launch of the Ferrari F40, the last new Ferrari launched before his death later that year. In 1989, the company was renamed Ferrari S.p.A.^[18] From 2002 to 2004, Ferrari produced the Enzo, their fastest model at the time, which was introduced and named in honour of the company’s founder, Enzo Ferrari. It was to be called the F60, continuing on from the F40 and F50, but Ferrari was so pleased with it, they called it the Enzo instead. It was initially offered to loyal and recurring customers, each of the 399 made (minus the 400th which was donated to the Vatican for charity) had a price tag of $650,000 apiece (equivalent to £400,900).^{[citation needed]}

On 15 September 2012, 964 Ferrari cars worth over $162 million (£99.95 million) attended the Ferrari Driving Days event at Silverstone Circuit and paraded round the Silverstone Circuit setting a world record.^[19]

Ferrari’s former CEO and Chairman, Luca di Montezemolo, resigned from the company after 23 years, who was succeeded by Amedeo Felisa and finally on 3 May 2016 Amedeo resigned and was succeeded by Sergio Marchionne, CEO and Chairman of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Ferrari’s parent company.^[20] In July 2018, Marchionne was replaced by board member Louis Camilleri as CEO and by John Elkann as chairman.^[21]

On 29 October 2014, the FCA group, resulting from the merger between manufacturers Fiat and Chrysler, announced the split of its luxury brand, Ferrari. The aim was to turn Ferrari into an independent brand, 10% of whose stake would be sold in an IPO in 2015.^[22] Ferrari officially priced its initial public offering at $52 a share after the market close on 20 October 2015.^[23]

On 10 December 2020, CEO Louis Camilleri announced that he will step down as CEO and chairman John Elkann will step in to the Interim CEO role until a permanent successor is selected.^[24]

On 9 June 2021, the company announced the appointment of Benedetto Vigna from Geneva-based STMicroelectronics as its next CEO starting September.^[25]

Motorsport[edit]

Since the company’s beginnings, Ferrari has been involved in motorsport, competing in a range of categories including Formula One and sports car racing through its Scuderia Ferrari sporting division as well as supplying cars and engines to other teams and for one-make race series.

1940 AAC 815 was the first racing car to be designed by Enzo Ferrari, although it was not badged as a Ferrari model.

Scuderia Ferrari[edit]

Scuderia Ferrari has participated in several classes of motorsport, though it is currently only officially involved in Formula One. It is the only team to have competed in the Formula One World Championship continuously since its inception in 1950. José Froilán González gave the team its first F1 victory at the 1951 British Grand Prix.

Alberto Ascari gave Ferrari its first Drivers Championship a year later. Ferrari is the oldest team in the championship, and the most successful: the team holds nearly every Formula One record. As of 2014, the team’s records include 15 World Drivers Championship titles, 16 World Constructors Championship titles, 221 Grand Prix victories, 6736.27 points, 679 podium finishes, 207 pole positions, and 230 fastest laps in 890 Grands Prix contested. Of the 19 tracks used in 2014, 8 have lap records set by the F2004, with a further 3 set by the F2003-GA, F2008 and F10.

Ferrari drivers include: Tazio Nuvolari, José Froilán González, Juan Manuel Fangio, Alberto Ascari, Luigi Chinetti, Eugenio Castellotti, Maurice Trintignant, Wolfgang von Trips, Phil Hill, Olivier Gendebien, Mike Hawthorn, Peter Collins, Giancarlo Baghetti, Ricardo Rodríguez, Chris Amon, John Surtees, Lorenzo Bandini, Ludovico Scarfiotti, Jacky Ickx, Mario Andretti, Clay Regazzoni, Niki Lauda, Carlos Reutemann, Jody Scheckter, Gilles Villeneuve, Didier Pironi, Patrick Tambay, René Arnoux, Michele Alboreto, Gerhard Berger, Nigel Mansell, Alain Prost, Jean Alesi, Michael Schumacher, Eddie Irvine, Rubens Barrichello, Felipe Massa, Kimi Räikkönen, Fernando Alonso, Sebastian Vettel, Charles Leclerc and Carlos Sainz Jr.

At the end of the 2006 season, the team courted controversy by continuing to allow Marlboro to sponsor them after they, along with the other F1 teams, made a promise to end sponsorship deals with tobacco manufacturers. A five-year deal was agreed and although this was not due to end until 2011, in April 2008 Marlboro dropped their on-car branding on Ferrari.

In addition to Formula One, Ferrari also entered cars in sportscar racing, the two programs existing in parallel for many years.

In 1949, Luigi Chinetti drove a 166 M to Ferrari’s first win in motorsports, the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Ferrari went on to dominate the early years of the World Sportscar Championship which was created in 1953, winning the title seven out of its first nine years.

When the championship format changed in 1962, Ferrari earned titles in at least one class each year through to 1965 and then again in 1967. Ferrari would win one final title, the 1972 World Championship of Makes before Enzo decided to leave sports car racing after 1973 and allow Scuderia Ferrari to concentrate solely on Formula One.

During Ferrari’s seasons of the World Sportscars Championship, they also gained more wins at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, with the factory team earning their first in 1954. Another win would come in 1958, followed by five consecutive wins from 1960 to 1964. Luigi Chinetti’s North American Racing Team (NART) would take Ferrari’s final victory at Le Mans in 1965.

Although Scuderia Ferrari no longer participated in sports cars after 1973, they have occasionally built various successful sports cars for privateers. These include the 512 BB LM in the 1970s, the 333 SP which won the IMSA GT Championship in the 1990s, and currently the 458 GT2 and GT3 which are currently winning championships in their respective classes.

Competizioni GT official drivers[edit]

^[26]

Race cars for other teams[edit]

Throughout its history, Ferrari has supplied racing cars to other entrants, aside from its own works Scuderia Ferrari team.

In the 1950s and ’60s, Ferrari supplied Formula One cars to a number of private entrants and other teams. One famous example was Tony Vandervell’s team, which raced the Thinwall Special modified Ferraris before building their own Vanwall cars. The North American Racing Team’s entries in the final three rounds of the 1969 season were the last occasions on which a team other than Scuderia Ferrari entered a World Championship Grand Prix with a Ferrari car.^[27]

Ferrari supplied cars complete with V8 engines for the A1 Grand Prix series, from the 2008–09 season.^[28] The car was designed by Rory Byrne and is styled to resemble the 2004 Ferrari Formula one car.

Ferrari currently runs a customer GT program for a racing version of its 458 and has done so for the 458’s predecessors, dating back to the 355 in the late 1990s. Such private teams as the American Risi Competizione and Italian AF Corse teams have been very successful with Ferrari GT racers over the years. This car, made for endurance sportscar racing to compete against such racing versions of the Audi R8, McLaren MP4-12C, and BMW Z4 (E89) has proven to be successful, but not as successful as its predecessor, the F430. The Ferrari Challenge is a one-make racing series for the Ferrari 458. The FXX is not road legal and is therefore only used for track events.

Road cars[edit]

The first vehicle made with the Ferrari name was the 125 S. Only two of this small two-seat sports/racing V12 car were made. In 1949, the 166 Inter was introduced marking the company’s significant move into the grand touring road car market. The first 166 Inter was a four-seat (2+2) berlinetta coupe with body work designed by Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera. Road cars quickly became the bulk of Ferrari sales.

The early Ferrari cars typically featured bodywork designed and customised by independent coachbuilders such as Pininfarina, Scaglietti, Zagato, Vignale and Bertone.

The original road cars were typically two-seat front-engined V12s. This platform served Ferrari very well through the 1950s and 1960s. In 1968 the Dino was introduced as the first two-seat rear mid-engined Ferrari. The Dino was produced primarily with a V6 engine, however, a V8 model was also developed. This rear mid-engine layout would go on to be used in many Ferraris of the 1980s, 1990s and to the present day. Current road cars typically use V8 or V12 engines, with V8 models making up well over half of the marque’s total production. Historically, Ferrari has also produced flat 12 engines.

For a time, Ferrari built 2+2 versions of its mid-engined V8 cars. Although they looked quite different from their 2-seat counterparts, both the GT4 and Mondial were closely related to the 308 GTB.^{[citation needed]}

Ferrari entered the mid-engined 12-cylinder fray with the Berlinetta Boxer in 1973. The later Testarossa (also mid-engined 12 cylinders) remains one of the most popular and famous Ferrari road cars of all time.

The company has also produced several front-engined 2+2 cars, culminating in the recent V12 model Lusso and V8 models Roma, Portofino and Lusso T. The California is credited with initiating the popular current model line of V8 front-engined 2+2 grand touring performance sports cars.^{[citation needed]}

Starting in the early 2010s with the LaFerrari, the focus was shifted away from the use of independent coach builders to what is now the standard, Ferrari relying on in-house design from the Centro Stile Ferrari for the design of all its road cars.

Current models[edit]

296 GTB 296 GTS	F8 Tributo F8 Spider	Portofino M	812 Superfast 812 GTS 812 Competizione 812 Competizione A	SF90 Stradale SF90 Spider	Roma
Unveiled in 2021 Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive Sports car PHEV Twin-turbo V6 engine Sports coupé / Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2019 Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive Sports car Twin-turbo V8 engine Sports coupé / Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2017 Front-mid engine, rear-wheel drive 2+2 grand tourer Twin-turbo V8 engine Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2017 Front-mid engine, rear-wheel drive Grand tourer V12 engine Sports coupé / Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2019 Rear-mid engine, four-wheel drive Sports car PHEV Twin-turbo V8 engine Sports coupé / Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2019 Front mid-engine, rear-wheel drive 2+2 grand tourer Twin-turbo V8 engine Sports coupé

Customization[edit]

In the 1950s and 1960s, clients often personalized their vehicles as they came straight from the factory.^[29] This philosophy added to the mystique of the brand. Every Ferrari that comes out of Maranello is built to an individual customer’s specification. In this sense, each vehicle is a unique result of a specific client’s desire.

Ferrari formalized this concept with its earlier Carrozzeria Scaglietti programme. The options offered here were more typical such as racing seats, rearview cameras, and other special trim. In late 2011, Ferrari announced a significant update of this philosophy. The Tailor Made programme allows clients to work with designers in Maranello to make decisions at every step of the process. Through this program almost any trim, any exterior color or any interior material is possible. The program carries on the original tradition and emphasizes the idea of each car being unique.^[29]

Supercars[edit]

The 1984 288 GTO may be considered the first in the line of Ferrari supercars. This pedigree extends through the Enzo Ferrari to the LaFerrari. In February 2019, at the 89th Geneva International Motor Show, Ferrari revealed its latest mid-engine V8 supercar, the F8 Tributo.^[30]

Ferrari SF90 Stradale is the first-ever Ferrari to feature PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) architecture which sees the internal combustion engine integrated with three electric motors, two of which are independent and located on the front axle, with the third at the rear between the engine and the gearbox.^[31]

Concept cars and specials[edit]

Ferrari has produced a number of concept cars, such as the Mythos. While some of these were quite radical (such as the Modulo) and never intended for production, others such as the Mythos have shown styling elements that were later incorporated into production models.

The most recent concept car to be produced by Ferrari themselves was the 2010 Millechili.

A number of one-off special versions of Ferrari road cars have also been produced, commissioned to coachbuilders by wealthy owners. Recent examples include the P4/5^[32] and the 612 Kappa.

Ferrari Special Projects[edit]

The Special Projects programme, also called the Portfolio Coachbuilding Programme, was launched in 2008 as a way to revive the tradition of past one-off and limited production coachbuilt Ferrari models, allowing clients to work with Ferrari and top Italian coachbuilders to create bespoke bodied models based on modern Ferrari road cars.^[33][34] Engineering and design is done by Ferrari, sometimes in cooperation with external design houses like Pininfarina or Fioravanti, and the vehicles receive full homologation to be road legal.^[34] Since the creation of Ferrari’s in-house styling centre in 2010 though, the focus has shifted away somewhat from outside coachbuilders and more towards creating new in-house designs for clients.^[35][36]

The first car to be completed under this programme was the 2008 SP1, commissioned by a Japanese business executive. The second was the P540 Superfast Aperta, commissioned by an American collector.^[34] The following is a list of Special Projects cars that have been made public:

Name	Picture	Year	Based on	Commissioned by	Notes
SP1		2008	F430[37]	Junichiro Hiramatsu[37]	Design by Leonardo Fioravanti, inspired by the 1998 F100 concept by Fioravanti.[37]
P540 Superfast Aperta		2009	599 GTB[38]	Edward Walson[38]	Inspired by a similarly gold-painted and open-topped one-off built by Carrozzeria Fantuzzi on a Ferrari 330 LMB chassis.[34][38] Design by Pininfarina
Superamerica 45		2011	599 GTB[39]	Peter Kalikow[39]	Rotating targa top;[39] design by Ferrari Styling Centre
SP12 EC		2012	458 Italia[40]	Eric Clapton[40]	Designed by Ferrari Styling Centre and Pininfarina, in homage to the 512 BB.[40]
SP30		2013[41]	599 GTO[41]	Cheerag Arya[41]
SP FFX		2014	FF[42]	Shin Okamoto[42]	Design by Pininfarina[42]
Ferrari F12 TRS		2014	F12berlinetta[43]	—	Barchetta body, inspired by the Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa. Design by Ferrari Styling Centre.[43]
Ferrari SP America		2014	F12berlinetta	Danny Wegman[44]	Design by Pininfarina
Ferrari 458 MM Speciale		2016	458 Speciale[45]	—	Design by Ferrari Styling Centre.[45]
SP275 RW Competizione		2016	F12tdf	Rick Workman[46]	Inspired by the 1964 275 GTB/C Speciale. Design by Pininfarina in collaboration with Ferrari Styling Centre.[47]
Ferrari J50		2017	488 Spider	—	Design by Ferrari Design Center team in Maranello directed by Flavio Manzoni.[48]
SP38		2018	488 GTB	—	Inspired by the F40 and 308.[49]
Ferrari SP3JC		2018	F12tdf	John Collins[50]	Designed by the Ferrari Styling Centre. Two matching cars ordered, one in LHD, the other in RHD with different liveries.[51] Took 3.5 years to complete. Presented in 2018.
P80/C		2019	488 GT3	—	One-off track-only car inspired by the 330 P3, 330 P4 and the Dino 206 S.
Ferrari Omologata		2020	Ferrari 812 Superfast		Design by Ferrari Design Center team in Maranello directed by Flavio Manzoni[52]
Ferrari BR20		2021	Ferrari GTC4Lusso		Fastback coupé instead of a shooting brake. Inspired by the 410 Superamerica and 500 Superfast[53]

Bio-fuel and hybrid cars[edit]

An F430 Spider that runs on ethanol was displayed at the 2008 Detroit Auto Show. At the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, Ferrari unveiled a hybrid version of their flagship 599. Called the «HY-KERS Concept», Ferrari’s hybrid system adds more than 100 horsepower on top of the 599 Fiorano’s 612 HP.^[54] Also in mid-2014, the flagship LaFerrari was put into production.

Naming conventions[edit]

From the beginning, the Ferrari naming convention consisted of a three-digit unitary displacement of an engine cylinder with an additional suffix representing the purpose of a vehicle. Therefore, Ferrari 125 S had 1.5 L (1,496.77 cc) V12 engine with a unitary displacement of 124.73 cc; whilst S-suffix represented Sport. Other race cars also received names invoking particular races like Ferrari 166 MM for Mille Miglia. With the introduction of road-going models, the suffix Inter was added, inspired by the Scuderia Inter racing team of Igor Troubetzkoy. Popular at that time 166-series had 2.0 L (1,995.02 cc) engines with 166.25 cc of unitary displacement and a very diverse 250-series had 3.0 L (2,953.21 cc) of total displacement and 246.10 cc of unitary. Later series of road cars were renamed Europa and top-of-the-line series America and Superamerica.

Until the early 1990s, Ferrari followed a three-number naming scheme based on engine displacement and a number of cylinders:

• V6 and V8 models used the total displacement (in decilitres) for the first two digits and the number of cylinders as the third. Thus, the 206 was a 2.0 L V6 powered vehicle, while the 348 used a 3.4 L V8, although, for the F355, the last digit refers to 5 valves per cylinder. Upon introduction of the 360 Modena, the digits for V8 models (which now carried a name as well as a number) refer only to total engine displacement. The numerical indication aspect of this name carried on to the F430; the F430’s replacement, the 458 Italia, uses the same naming as the 206 and 348. The 488 uses the system formerly used by the V12 cars.
• V12 models used the displacement (in cubic centimetres) of one cylinder. Therefore, the famed 365 Daytona had a 4,390 cc (268 cu in) V12. However, some newer V12-engined Ferraris, such as the 599, have three-number designations that refer only to total engine displacement or boxer-style designations such as the [nominally] six-litre, V12 612.
• Flat 12 models used the displacement in litres for the first digit and the number of cylinders for the next two digits. Therefore, the 512 BB was five-litre flat 12 (a Berlinetta Boxer, in this case). However, the original Berlinetta Boxer was the 365 GT4 BB, which was named in a similar manner to the V12 models.
• Flagship models (aka «halo cars») use the letter F followed by the anniversary in years, such as the F40 and F50. The Enzo skipped this rule, although the F60 name was applied to a Ferrari Formula One car and is sometimes attached to the Enzo.
• Some models, such as the 1980 Mondial and 1984 Testarossa did not follow a three-number naming scheme.

Most Ferraris were also given designations referring to their body style. In general, the following conventions were used:

• M («Modificata»), placed at the end of a model’s number, denotes a modified version of its predecessor and not a complete evolution (see F512 M and 575 M Maranello).
• GTB («Gran Turismo Berlinetta») models are closed Berlinettas, or coupés.
• GTS («Gran Turismo Scoperta») this suffix can be seen in older spiders, or convertibles (see 365 GTS/4). Now the convertible models use the suffix «Spider» (spelt «i») (see F355 Spider, and 360 Spider). In more recent models, this suffix is used for targa top models (see Dino 246 GTS, and F355 GTS), which is an absolutely correct use of the suffix since «scoperta» means «uncovered». An increasing number of people tend to refer to GTS as «Gran Turismo Spyder», which creates the false assumption that Ferrari does not know the difference between «spyder» and «targa». The 348 TS, which is the only targa named differently, is an exception.
• GTO («Gran Turismo Omologata»), placed at the end of a model’s number, denotes a modified version of its predecessor. It designates a model that has been designed and improved for racetrack use while still being street legal. Only three models bear those three letters: the 250 GTO of 1962, the 288 GTO of 1984, and the 599 GTO of 2010.

This naming system can be confusing, as some entirely different vehicles used the same engine type and body style. Many Ferraris also had other names affixed (like Daytona) to identify them further. Many such names are actually not official factory names. The Daytona name commemorates Ferrari’s triple success in the February 1967 24 Hours of Daytona with the 330 P4.^[55] Only in the 1973 Daytona 24 Hours, a 365 GTB/4 run by NART (who raced Ferraris in America) ran second, behind a Porsche 911.^[56]

The various Dino models were named for Enzo’s son, Dino Ferrari, and were marketed as Dinos by Ferrari and sold at Ferrari dealers – for all intents and purposes they are Ferraris.

In the mid-1990s, Ferrari added the letter «F» to the beginning of all models (a practice abandoned after the F512 M and F355, but adopted again with the F430, but not with its successor, the Ferrari 458).

Identity[edit]

The famous symbol of the Ferrari race team is the Cavallino Rampante («prancing horse») black prancing stallion on a yellow shield, usually with the letters S F (for Scuderia Ferrari), with three stripes of green, white and red (the Italian national colors) at the top. The road cars have a rectangular badge on the hood (see picture at top of page), and, optionally, the shield-shaped race logo on the sides of both front wings, close to the door.

On 17 June 1923, Enzo Ferrari won a race at the Savio track in Ravenna where he met Countess Paolina, mother of Count Francesco Baracca, an ace of the Italian air force and national hero of World War I, who used to paint a horse on the side of his planes. The Countess asked Enzo to use this horse on his cars, suggesting that it would bring him good luck. The original «prancing horse» on Baracca’s airplane was painted in red on a white cloud-like shape, but Ferrari chose to have the horse in black (as it had been painted as a sign of grief on Baracca’s squadron planes after the pilot was killed in action) and he added a canary yellow background as this is the color of the city of Modena, his birthplace. The Ferrari horse was, from the very beginning, markedly different from the Baracca horse in most details, the most noticeable being the tail that in the original Baracca version was pointing downward.

Ferrari has used the cavallino rampante on official company stationery since 1929. Since the Spa 24 Hours of 9 July 1932, the cavallino rampante has been used on Alfa Romeos raced by Scuderia Ferrari.

The motif of a prancing horse is old, it can be found on ancient coins. A similar black horse on a yellow shield is the coat of arms of the German city of Stuttgart, home of Mercedes-Benz and the design bureau of Porsche, both being main competitors of Alfa and Ferrari in the 1930s. The city’s name derives from Stutengarten, an ancient form of the German word Gestüt, which translates into English as stud farm and into Italian as scuderia. Porsche also includes the Stuttgart sign in its corporate logo, centred in the emblem of the state of Württemberg. Stuttgart’s Rössle has both rear legs firmly planted on the soil, like Baracca’s horse, but unlike Ferrari’s cavallino.

Fabio Taglioni used the cavallino rampante on his Ducati motorbikes, as Taglioni was born at Lugo di Romagna like Baracca, and his father too was a military pilot during WWI (although not part of Baracca’s squadron, as is sometimes mistakenly reported). As Ferrari’s fame grew, Ducati abandoned the horse- perhaps the result of a private agreement between the two companies.

The cavallino rampante is the visual symbol of Ferrari. Cavallino Magazine uses the name, but not the logo. Other companies use similar logos: Avanti, an Austrian company operating over 100 filling stations, uses a prancing horse logo which is nearly identical to Ferrari’s, as does Iron Horse Bicycles and Norfolk Southern Railway.

Colour[edit]

Since the 1920s, Italian race cars of Alfa Romeo, Maserati and later Ferrari and Abarth were (and often still are) painted in «race red» (Rosso Corsa). This was the customary national racing color of Italy, as recommended between the World Wars by the organizations that later would become the FIA. It refers to the nationality of the competing team, not that of the car manufacturer or driver. In that scheme, French-entered cars such as Bugatti were blue, German such as Auto Union and Mercedes white (since 1934 also bare sheet metal silver), and British green such as the mid-1960s Lotus and BRM, for instance.

Ferrari won the 1964 World championship with John Surtees by competing for the last two races in North America with cars painted in the US-American race colors white and blue, as these were not entered by the Italian factory themselves, but by the U.S.-based North American Racing Team (NART) team. This was done as a protest concerning arguments between Ferrari and the Italian Racing Authorities regarding the homologation of a new mid-engined Ferrari race car.

Corporate affairs[edit]

In 1963, Enzo Ferrari was approached by the Ford Motor Company about a possible buy out.^[57] Ford audited Ferrari’s assets but legal negotiations and talks were unilaterally cut off by Ferrari when he realized that the deal offered by Ford would not enable him to stay at the helm of the company racing program. Henry Ford II consequently directed his racing division to negotiate with Lotus, Lola, and Cooper to build a car capable of beating Ferrari on the world endurance circuit, eventually resulting in the production of the Ford GT40 in 1964.

As the Ford deal fell through, FIAT approached Ferrari with a more flexible proposal and purchased controlling interests in the company in 1969. Enzo Ferrari retained a 10% share, which is currently owned by his son Piero Lardi Ferrari.

Ferrari has an internally managed merchandising line that licenses many products bearing the Ferrari brand, including eyewear, pens, pencils, electronic goods, perfume, cologne, clothing, high-tech bicycles, watches, cell phones, and laptop computers.

Ferrari also runs a museum, the Museo Ferrari in Maranello, which displays road and race cars and other items from the company’s history.

Formula Uomo programme[edit]

In 1997, Ferrari launched a long term master planned effort to improve overall corporate efficiency, production and employee happiness. The program was called Formula Uomo and became a case study in social sustainability.^[58] It took over ten years to fully implement and included over €200 million (2008) in investment.^[59]

Technical partnerships[edit]

Ferrari has had a long-standing relationship with Shell Oil. It is a technical partnership with Ferrari and Ducati to test as well as supply fuel and oils to the Formula One, MotoGP and World Superbike racing teams. For example, the Shell V-Power premium gasoline fuel has been developed with the many years of technical expertise between Shell and Ferrari.^[60]

Ferrari has had agreements to supply Formula One engines to a number of other teams over the years, and currently supply the Alfa Romeo and Haas F1 F1 teams.

Sales history[edit]

As of the end of 2019, the total of Ferrari built and sold cars in their whole company history is 219,062.^[61]

Annual Ferrari sales to end customers (number of type-approved vehicles)

Year	Sales
1947[62]	3
1948[62]	5
1949[62]	21
1950[62]	25
1951[62]	33
1952[62]	44
1953[62]	57
1954[62]	58
1955[62]	61
1956[62]	81
1957[62]	113
1958[62]	183
1959[62]	248
1960[62]	306
1961[62]	441
1962[62]	493
1963[62]	598
1964[62]	654
1965[62]	619
1966[62]	928

Year	Sales
1967[62]	706
1968[62]	729
1969[62]	619
1970[62]	928
1971[62]	1,246
1972[62]	1,844
1973[62]	1,772
1974[62]	1,436
1975[62]	1,337
1976[62]	1,426
1977[63]	1,798
1978[62]	1,939
1979[62]	2,221
1980[62]	2,470
1981[62]	2,565
1982[62]	2,209
1983[64]	2,366
1984[65]	2,856
1985[63]	3,051
1986[63]	3,663

Year	Sales
1987[66]	3,942
1988[67]	4,001
1989[67]	3,821
1990[68]	4,293
1991[68]	4,487
1992[68]	3,384
1993[68]	2,345
1994[68]	2,671
1995[68]	3,144
1996[69]	3,350
1997[69]	3,581
1998[70]	3,652
1999[70]	3,775
2000[71]	4,070
2001[72]	4,289
2002[73]	4,236
2003[74]	4,238
2004[75]	4,975
2005[76]	5,409
2006[77]	5,671

Year	Sales
2007[78]	6,465
2008[79]	6,587
2009[80]	6,250
2010[81]	6,461
2011[82]	7,001
2012[83]	7,318
2013[84]	6,922
2014[85]	7,255
2015[86]	7,664
2016[87]	8,014
2017[88]	8,398
2018[89]	9,251
2019[90]	10,131
2020[91]	9,119
2021[92]	11,115

Figure refers to units produced rather than to units sold

Figure refers to units shipped rather than to units sold

Annual Ferrari sales to end customers (number of type-approved vehicles)

Recalls[edit]

In January 2020 the Italian carmaker said it will recall 982 vehicles for passenger airbags due to the Takata airbag recalls.^[93] If the inflator explodes, the airbag will spew metal shrapnel at passengers, which can cause severe injury.^[93][94] Every car involved will get a new passenger-side airbag assembly, complete with a new inflator without the dangerous propellant.^[93]

On 8 August 2022, the company recalled almost every car it’s sold in the US since 2005 over a potential for brake failure.^[95][96] According to an NHTSA recall filing, 23,555 Ferrari models sold in America are fitted with a potentially faulty brake fluid reservoir cap that may not vent pressure adequately.^[95] The fix is simple.^[95]

Stores[edit]

Roughly thirty Ferrari boutiques exist worldwide, with two owned by Ferrari and the rest operating as franchises. The stores sell branded clothes,^[97] accessories and racing memorabilia. Clothing includes upscale and lower-priced collections^[98] for men, women, and children.

Some stores include race car simulation games for entertainment.^[99]

Attractions[edit]

There are currently two Ferrari-themed amusement parks in the world.

Ferrari World Abu Dhabi[edit]

Opened in 2010, Ferrari World Abu Dhabi is the first Ferrari-branded theme park in the world and boasts 37 rides and attractions. Located on Yas Island in Abu Dhabi, it is home to the world’s fastest roller coaster — Formula Rossa, and a dynamic coaster with one of the world’s tallest loop — Flying Aces.^[100]

Ferrari Land in PortAventura[edit]

Opened in 2017, Ferrari Land in PortAventura World resort is the second such Ferrari-themed amusement park in the world, after Ferrari World Abu Dhabi. With 16 rides and attractions, it is home to Europe’s fastest and highest vertical accelerator coaster — Red Force.^[101]

See also[edit]

• List of Ferrari road cars
• List of Ferrari engines
• List of Ferrari competition cars
• List of Ferrari engines
• Scuderia Ferrari
• List of car brands
• List of companies of Italy

Citations[edit]

General references[edit]

• Gustafson, Eric, «Cavallino Rampante», Sports Car International (Oct/Nov 2000): 94.
• Adler, Dennis, Ferrari: The Road from Maranello. Random House, 2006. ISBN 978-1-4000-6463-2.

External links[edit]

• Official website
• Ferrari Official Car Configurator
• Ferrari Past Models on auto.ferrari.com
• Ferrari Single-seaters on formula1.ferrari.com
• Ferrari Special Projects listing on Coachbuild.com
• Business data for Ferrari:
  • Bloomberg
  • Google
  • Reuters
  • SEC filings
  • Yahoo!

Ferrari S.p.A.

Headquarters in Maranello
Type	Public (S.p.A.)
Traded as	BIT: RACE NYSE: RACE FTSE MIB Component
ISIN	NL0011585146
Industry	Automotive
Founded	13 September 1939; 83 years ago in Modena, Italy (as Auto Avio Costruzioni)[1]
Founder	Enzo Ferrari
Headquarters	Maranello, Emilia-Romagna, Italy Modena, Emilia-Romagna, Italy (seat) [2] 44°31′57″N 10°51′51″E / 44.532447°N 10.864137°ECoordinates: 44°31′57″N 10°51′51″E / 44.532447°N 10.864137°E
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	John Elkann (Executive Chairman) Piero Ferrari (Vice Chairman) Benedetto Vigna (CEO)
Products	Sports cars
Production output	11,155 units shipped (2021)[3]
Revenue	€4.27 billion (2021)[3]
Operating income	€1.07 billion (2021)[3]
Net income	€ 833 million (2021)[3]
Total assets	€ 6.86 billion (2021)[3]
Total equity	€ 2.21 billion (2021)[3]
Owners	Exor N.V. (24.21%)[3] Piero Ferrari (10.30%)[3] Public (65.49%)
Number of employees	4,571 (2021)[3]
Parent	Ferrari N.V.
Subsidiaries	Scuderia Ferrari S.p.A.
Website	www.ferrari.com
Footnotes / references [3][4]

Ferrari S.p.A. (; Italian: [ferˈraːri]) is an Italian luxury sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. Founded by Enzo Ferrari (1898–1988) in 1939 from the Alfa Romeo racing division as Auto Avio Costruzioni, the company built its first car in 1940, and produced its first Ferrari-badged car in 1947.

Fiat S.p.A. acquired 50% of Ferrari in 1969 and expanded its stake to 90% in 1988.^[5] In October 2014, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) announced its intentions to separate Ferrari S.p.A. from FCA; as of the announcement FCA owned 90% of Ferrari.^[6][7][8] The separation began in October 2015 with a restructuring that established Ferrari N.V. (a company incorporated in the Netherlands) as the new holding company of the Ferrari S.p.A. group,^[9] and the subsequent sale by FCA of 10% of the shares in an IPO and concurrent listing of common shares on the New York Stock Exchange.^[10] Through the remaining steps of the separation, FCA’s interest in Ferrari’s business was distributed to shareholders of FCA, with 10% continuing to be owned by Piero Ferrari.^[11] The spin-off was completed on the 3rd of January 2016.^[10]

Throughout its history, the company has been noted for its continued participation in racing, especially in Formula One, where it is the oldest and most successful racing team, holding the most constructors’ championships (16) and having produced the highest number of drivers’ championship wins (15).^[12] Ferrari road cars are generally seen as a symbol of speed, luxury and wealth.^[13] Ferrari cars are built at the 165,000 square-metre (16.5-hectare) Maranello factory.^[14] In 2014 Ferrari was rated the world’s most powerful brand by Brand Finance.^[15] As of 2021, Ferrari is the 10th-largest car manufacturer by market capitalisation, with $52.21 billion.^[16]

History[edit]

Enzo Ferrari was not initially interested in the idea of producing road cars when he formed Scuderia Ferrari in 1929, with headquarters in Modena. Scuderia Ferrari (pronounced [skudeˈriːa]) literally means «Ferrari Stable» and is usually used to mean «Team Ferrari.» Ferrari bought,^{[citation needed]} prepared, and fielded Alfa Romeo racing cars for gentleman drivers, functioning as the racing division of Alfa Romeo. In 1933, Alfa Romeo withdrew its in-house racing team and Scuderia Ferrari took over as its works team:^[1] the Scuderia received Alfa’s Grand Prix cars of the latest specifications and fielded many famous drivers such as Tazio Nuvolari and Achille Varzi. In 1938, Alfa Romeo again brought its racing operation in-house, forming Alfa Corse in Milan and hired Enzo Ferrari as manager of the new racing department; thereby disbanding the Scuderia Ferrari.^[1]

In September 1939, Ferrari left Alfa Romeo under the provision he would not use the Ferrari name in association with races or racing cars for at least four years.^[1] A few days later he founded Auto Avio Costruzioni, with headquarters in the facilities of the old Scuderia Ferrari.^[1] The new company ostensibly produced machine tools and aircraft accessories. In 1940, Ferrari produced a racing car – the Tipo 815, based on a Fiat platform. It was the first Ferrari car and debuted at the 1940 Mille Miglia, but due to World War II it saw little competition. In 1943, the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. The factory was bombed by the Allies and subsequently rebuilt including works for road car production.

The first Ferrari-badged car was the 1947 125 S, powered by a 1.5 L V12 engine;^[1] Enzo Ferrari reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund Scuderia Ferrari.^[17]

The Scuderia Ferrari name was resurrected to denote the factory racing cars and distinguish them from those fielded by customer teams.

In 1960, the company was restructured as a public corporation under the name SEFAC S.p.A. (Società Esercizio Fabbriche Automobili e Corse).^[18]

Early in 1969, Fiat took a 50% stake in Ferrari. An immediate result was an increase in available investment funds, and work started at once on a factory extension intended to transfer production from Fiat’s Turin plant of the Ferrari-engined Fiat Dino. New model investment further up in the Ferrari range also received a boost.

In 1988, Enzo Ferrari oversaw the launch of the Ferrari F40, the last new Ferrari launched before his death later that year. In 1989, the company was renamed Ferrari S.p.A.^[18] From 2002 to 2004, Ferrari produced the Enzo, their fastest model at the time, which was introduced and named in honour of the company’s founder, Enzo Ferrari. It was to be called the F60, continuing on from the F40 and F50, but Ferrari was so pleased with it, they called it the Enzo instead. It was initially offered to loyal and recurring customers, each of the 399 made (minus the 400th which was donated to the Vatican for charity) had a price tag of $650,000 apiece (equivalent to £400,900).^{[citation needed]}

On 15 September 2012, 964 Ferrari cars worth over $162 million (£99.95 million) attended the Ferrari Driving Days event at Silverstone Circuit and paraded round the Silverstone Circuit setting a world record.^[19]

Ferrari’s former CEO and Chairman, Luca di Montezemolo, resigned from the company after 23 years, who was succeeded by Amedeo Felisa and finally on 3 May 2016 Amedeo resigned and was succeeded by Sergio Marchionne, CEO and Chairman of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Ferrari’s parent company.^[20] In July 2018, Marchionne was replaced by board member Louis Camilleri as CEO and by John Elkann as chairman.^[21]

On 29 October 2014, the FCA group, resulting from the merger between manufacturers Fiat and Chrysler, announced the split of its luxury brand, Ferrari. The aim was to turn Ferrari into an independent brand, 10% of whose stake would be sold in an IPO in 2015.^[22] Ferrari officially priced its initial public offering at $52 a share after the market close on 20 October 2015.^[23]

On 10 December 2020, CEO Louis Camilleri announced that he will step down as CEO and chairman John Elkann will step in to the Interim CEO role until a permanent successor is selected.^[24]

On 9 June 2021, the company announced the appointment of Benedetto Vigna from Geneva-based STMicroelectronics as its next CEO starting September.^[25]

Motorsport[edit]

Since the company’s beginnings, Ferrari has been involved in motorsport, competing in a range of categories including Formula One and sports car racing through its Scuderia Ferrari sporting division as well as supplying cars and engines to other teams and for one-make race series.

1940 AAC 815 was the first racing car to be designed by Enzo Ferrari, although it was not badged as a Ferrari model.

Scuderia Ferrari[edit]

Scuderia Ferrari has participated in several classes of motorsport, though it is currently only officially involved in Formula One. It is the only team to have competed in the Formula One World Championship continuously since its inception in 1950. José Froilán González gave the team its first F1 victory at the 1951 British Grand Prix.

Alberto Ascari gave Ferrari its first Drivers Championship a year later. Ferrari is the oldest team in the championship, and the most successful: the team holds nearly every Formula One record. As of 2014, the team’s records include 15 World Drivers Championship titles, 16 World Constructors Championship titles, 221 Grand Prix victories, 6736.27 points, 679 podium finishes, 207 pole positions, and 230 fastest laps in 890 Grands Prix contested. Of the 19 tracks used in 2014, 8 have lap records set by the F2004, with a further 3 set by the F2003-GA, F2008 and F10.

Ferrari drivers include: Tazio Nuvolari, José Froilán González, Juan Manuel Fangio, Alberto Ascari, Luigi Chinetti, Eugenio Castellotti, Maurice Trintignant, Wolfgang von Trips, Phil Hill, Olivier Gendebien, Mike Hawthorn, Peter Collins, Giancarlo Baghetti, Ricardo Rodríguez, Chris Amon, John Surtees, Lorenzo Bandini, Ludovico Scarfiotti, Jacky Ickx, Mario Andretti, Clay Regazzoni, Niki Lauda, Carlos Reutemann, Jody Scheckter, Gilles Villeneuve, Didier Pironi, Patrick Tambay, René Arnoux, Michele Alboreto, Gerhard Berger, Nigel Mansell, Alain Prost, Jean Alesi, Michael Schumacher, Eddie Irvine, Rubens Barrichello, Felipe Massa, Kimi Räikkönen, Fernando Alonso, Sebastian Vettel, Charles Leclerc and Carlos Sainz Jr.

At the end of the 2006 season, the team courted controversy by continuing to allow Marlboro to sponsor them after they, along with the other F1 teams, made a promise to end sponsorship deals with tobacco manufacturers. A five-year deal was agreed and although this was not due to end until 2011, in April 2008 Marlboro dropped their on-car branding on Ferrari.

In addition to Formula One, Ferrari also entered cars in sportscar racing, the two programs existing in parallel for many years.

In 1949, Luigi Chinetti drove a 166 M to Ferrari’s first win in motorsports, the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Ferrari went on to dominate the early years of the World Sportscar Championship which was created in 1953, winning the title seven out of its first nine years.

When the championship format changed in 1962, Ferrari earned titles in at least one class each year through to 1965 and then again in 1967. Ferrari would win one final title, the 1972 World Championship of Makes before Enzo decided to leave sports car racing after 1973 and allow Scuderia Ferrari to concentrate solely on Formula One.

During Ferrari’s seasons of the World Sportscars Championship, they also gained more wins at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, with the factory team earning their first in 1954. Another win would come in 1958, followed by five consecutive wins from 1960 to 1964. Luigi Chinetti’s North American Racing Team (NART) would take Ferrari’s final victory at Le Mans in 1965.

Although Scuderia Ferrari no longer participated in sports cars after 1973, they have occasionally built various successful sports cars for privateers. These include the 512 BB LM in the 1970s, the 333 SP which won the IMSA GT Championship in the 1990s, and currently the 458 GT2 and GT3 which are currently winning championships in their respective classes.

Competizioni GT official drivers[edit]

^[26]

Race cars for other teams[edit]

Throughout its history, Ferrari has supplied racing cars to other entrants, aside from its own works Scuderia Ferrari team.

In the 1950s and ’60s, Ferrari supplied Formula One cars to a number of private entrants and other teams. One famous example was Tony Vandervell’s team, which raced the Thinwall Special modified Ferraris before building their own Vanwall cars. The North American Racing Team’s entries in the final three rounds of the 1969 season were the last occasions on which a team other than Scuderia Ferrari entered a World Championship Grand Prix with a Ferrari car.^[27]

Ferrari supplied cars complete with V8 engines for the A1 Grand Prix series, from the 2008–09 season.^[28] The car was designed by Rory Byrne and is styled to resemble the 2004 Ferrari Formula one car.

Ferrari currently runs a customer GT program for a racing version of its 458 and has done so for the 458’s predecessors, dating back to the 355 in the late 1990s. Such private teams as the American Risi Competizione and Italian AF Corse teams have been very successful with Ferrari GT racers over the years. This car, made for endurance sportscar racing to compete against such racing versions of the Audi R8, McLaren MP4-12C, and BMW Z4 (E89) has proven to be successful, but not as successful as its predecessor, the F430. The Ferrari Challenge is a one-make racing series for the Ferrari 458. The FXX is not road legal and is therefore only used for track events.

Road cars[edit]

The first vehicle made with the Ferrari name was the 125 S. Only two of this small two-seat sports/racing V12 car were made. In 1949, the 166 Inter was introduced marking the company’s significant move into the grand touring road car market. The first 166 Inter was a four-seat (2+2) berlinetta coupe with body work designed by Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera. Road cars quickly became the bulk of Ferrari sales.

The early Ferrari cars typically featured bodywork designed and customised by independent coachbuilders such as Pininfarina, Scaglietti, Zagato, Vignale and Bertone.

The original road cars were typically two-seat front-engined V12s. This platform served Ferrari very well through the 1950s and 1960s. In 1968 the Dino was introduced as the first two-seat rear mid-engined Ferrari. The Dino was produced primarily with a V6 engine, however, a V8 model was also developed. This rear mid-engine layout would go on to be used in many Ferraris of the 1980s, 1990s and to the present day. Current road cars typically use V8 or V12 engines, with V8 models making up well over half of the marque’s total production. Historically, Ferrari has also produced flat 12 engines.

For a time, Ferrari built 2+2 versions of its mid-engined V8 cars. Although they looked quite different from their 2-seat counterparts, both the GT4 and Mondial were closely related to the 308 GTB.^{[citation needed]}

Ferrari entered the mid-engined 12-cylinder fray with the Berlinetta Boxer in 1973. The later Testarossa (also mid-engined 12 cylinders) remains one of the most popular and famous Ferrari road cars of all time.

The company has also produced several front-engined 2+2 cars, culminating in the recent V12 model Lusso and V8 models Roma, Portofino and Lusso T. The California is credited with initiating the popular current model line of V8 front-engined 2+2 grand touring performance sports cars.^{[citation needed]}

Starting in the early 2010s with the LaFerrari, the focus was shifted away from the use of independent coach builders to what is now the standard, Ferrari relying on in-house design from the Centro Stile Ferrari for the design of all its road cars.

Current models[edit]

296 GTB 296 GTS	F8 Tributo F8 Spider	Portofino M	812 Superfast 812 GTS 812 Competizione 812 Competizione A	SF90 Stradale SF90 Spider	Roma
Unveiled in 2021 Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive Sports car PHEV Twin-turbo V6 engine Sports coupé / Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2019 Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive Sports car Twin-turbo V8 engine Sports coupé / Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2017 Front-mid engine, rear-wheel drive 2+2 grand tourer Twin-turbo V8 engine Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2017 Front-mid engine, rear-wheel drive Grand tourer V12 engine Sports coupé / Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2019 Rear-mid engine, four-wheel drive Sports car PHEV Twin-turbo V8 engine Sports coupé / Hard-top convertible	Unveiled in 2019 Front mid-engine, rear-wheel drive 2+2 grand tourer Twin-turbo V8 engine Sports coupé

Customization[edit]

In the 1950s and 1960s, clients often personalized their vehicles as they came straight from the factory.^[29] This philosophy added to the mystique of the brand. Every Ferrari that comes out of Maranello is built to an individual customer’s specification. In this sense, each vehicle is a unique result of a specific client’s desire.

Ferrari formalized this concept with its earlier Carrozzeria Scaglietti programme. The options offered here were more typical such as racing seats, rearview cameras, and other special trim. In late 2011, Ferrari announced a significant update of this philosophy. The Tailor Made programme allows clients to work with designers in Maranello to make decisions at every step of the process. Through this program almost any trim, any exterior color or any interior material is possible. The program carries on the original tradition and emphasizes the idea of each car being unique.^[29]

Supercars[edit]

The 1984 288 GTO may be considered the first in the line of Ferrari supercars. This pedigree extends through the Enzo Ferrari to the LaFerrari. In February 2019, at the 89th Geneva International Motor Show, Ferrari revealed its latest mid-engine V8 supercar, the F8 Tributo.^[30]

Ferrari SF90 Stradale is the first-ever Ferrari to feature PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) architecture which sees the internal combustion engine integrated with three electric motors, two of which are independent and located on the front axle, with the third at the rear between the engine and the gearbox.^[31]

Concept cars and specials[edit]

Ferrari has produced a number of concept cars, such as the Mythos. While some of these were quite radical (such as the Modulo) and never intended for production, others such as the Mythos have shown styling elements that were later incorporated into production models.

The most recent concept car to be produced by Ferrari themselves was the 2010 Millechili.

A number of one-off special versions of Ferrari road cars have also been produced, commissioned to coachbuilders by wealthy owners. Recent examples include the P4/5^[32] and the 612 Kappa.

Ferrari Special Projects[edit]

The Special Projects programme, also called the Portfolio Coachbuilding Programme, was launched in 2008 as a way to revive the tradition of past one-off and limited production coachbuilt Ferrari models, allowing clients to work with Ferrari and top Italian coachbuilders to create bespoke bodied models based on modern Ferrari road cars.^[33][34] Engineering and design is done by Ferrari, sometimes in cooperation with external design houses like Pininfarina or Fioravanti, and the vehicles receive full homologation to be road legal.^[34] Since the creation of Ferrari’s in-house styling centre in 2010 though, the focus has shifted away somewhat from outside coachbuilders and more towards creating new in-house designs for clients.^[35][36]

The first car to be completed under this programme was the 2008 SP1, commissioned by a Japanese business executive. The second was the P540 Superfast Aperta, commissioned by an American collector.^[34] The following is a list of Special Projects cars that have been made public:

Name	Picture	Year	Based on	Commissioned by	Notes
SP1		2008	F430[37]	Junichiro Hiramatsu[37]	Design by Leonardo Fioravanti, inspired by the 1998 F100 concept by Fioravanti.[37]
P540 Superfast Aperta		2009	599 GTB[38]	Edward Walson[38]	Inspired by a similarly gold-painted and open-topped one-off built by Carrozzeria Fantuzzi on a Ferrari 330 LMB chassis.[34][38] Design by Pininfarina
Superamerica 45		2011	599 GTB[39]	Peter Kalikow[39]	Rotating targa top;[39] design by Ferrari Styling Centre
SP12 EC		2012	458 Italia[40]	Eric Clapton[40]	Designed by Ferrari Styling Centre and Pininfarina, in homage to the 512 BB.[40]
SP30		2013[41]	599 GTO[41]	Cheerag Arya[41]
SP FFX		2014	FF[42]	Shin Okamoto[42]	Design by Pininfarina[42]
Ferrari F12 TRS		2014	F12berlinetta[43]	—	Barchetta body, inspired by the Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa. Design by Ferrari Styling Centre.[43]
Ferrari SP America		2014	F12berlinetta	Danny Wegman[44]	Design by Pininfarina
Ferrari 458 MM Speciale		2016	458 Speciale[45]	—	Design by Ferrari Styling Centre.[45]
SP275 RW Competizione		2016	F12tdf	Rick Workman[46]	Inspired by the 1964 275 GTB/C Speciale. Design by Pininfarina in collaboration with Ferrari Styling Centre.[47]
Ferrari J50		2017	488 Spider	—	Design by Ferrari Design Center team in Maranello directed by Flavio Manzoni.[48]
SP38		2018	488 GTB	—	Inspired by the F40 and 308.[49]
Ferrari SP3JC		2018	F12tdf	John Collins[50]	Designed by the Ferrari Styling Centre. Two matching cars ordered, one in LHD, the other in RHD with different liveries.[51] Took 3.5 years to complete. Presented in 2018.
P80/C		2019	488 GT3	—	One-off track-only car inspired by the 330 P3, 330 P4 and the Dino 206 S.
Ferrari Omologata		2020	Ferrari 812 Superfast		Design by Ferrari Design Center team in Maranello directed by Flavio Manzoni[52]
Ferrari BR20		2021	Ferrari GTC4Lusso		Fastback coupé instead of a shooting brake. Inspired by the 410 Superamerica and 500 Superfast[53]

Bio-fuel and hybrid cars[edit]

An F430 Spider that runs on ethanol was displayed at the 2008 Detroit Auto Show. At the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, Ferrari unveiled a hybrid version of their flagship 599. Called the «HY-KERS Concept», Ferrari’s hybrid system adds more than 100 horsepower on top of the 599 Fiorano’s 612 HP.^[54] Also in mid-2014, the flagship LaFerrari was put into production.

Naming conventions[edit]

From the beginning, the Ferrari naming convention consisted of a three-digit unitary displacement of an engine cylinder with an additional suffix representing the purpose of a vehicle. Therefore, Ferrari 125 S had 1.5 L (1,496.77 cc) V12 engine with a unitary displacement of 124.73 cc; whilst S-suffix represented Sport. Other race cars also received names invoking particular races like Ferrari 166 MM for Mille Miglia. With the introduction of road-going models, the suffix Inter was added, inspired by the Scuderia Inter racing team of Igor Troubetzkoy. Popular at that time 166-series had 2.0 L (1,995.02 cc) engines with 166.25 cc of unitary displacement and a very diverse 250-series had 3.0 L (2,953.21 cc) of total displacement and 246.10 cc of unitary. Later series of road cars were renamed Europa and top-of-the-line series America and Superamerica.

Until the early 1990s, Ferrari followed a three-number naming scheme based on engine displacement and a number of cylinders:

• V6 and V8 models used the total displacement (in decilitres) for the first two digits and the number of cylinders as the third. Thus, the 206 was a 2.0 L V6 powered vehicle, while the 348 used a 3.4 L V8, although, for the F355, the last digit refers to 5 valves per cylinder. Upon introduction of the 360 Modena, the digits for V8 models (which now carried a name as well as a number) refer only to total engine displacement. The numerical indication aspect of this name carried on to the F430; the F430’s replacement, the 458 Italia, uses the same naming as the 206 and 348. The 488 uses the system formerly used by the V12 cars.
• V12 models used the displacement (in cubic centimetres) of one cylinder. Therefore, the famed 365 Daytona had a 4,390 cc (268 cu in) V12. However, some newer V12-engined Ferraris, such as the 599, have three-number designations that refer only to total engine displacement or boxer-style designations such as the [nominally] six-litre, V12 612.
• Flat 12 models used the displacement in litres for the first digit and the number of cylinders for the next two digits. Therefore, the 512 BB was five-litre flat 12 (a Berlinetta Boxer, in this case). However, the original Berlinetta Boxer was the 365 GT4 BB, which was named in a similar manner to the V12 models.
• Flagship models (aka «halo cars») use the letter F followed by the anniversary in years, such as the F40 and F50. The Enzo skipped this rule, although the F60 name was applied to a Ferrari Formula One car and is sometimes attached to the Enzo.
• Some models, such as the 1980 Mondial and 1984 Testarossa did not follow a three-number naming scheme.

Most Ferraris were also given designations referring to their body style. In general, the following conventions were used:

• M («Modificata»), placed at the end of a model’s number, denotes a modified version of its predecessor and not a complete evolution (see F512 M and 575 M Maranello).
• GTB («Gran Turismo Berlinetta») models are closed Berlinettas, or coupés.
• GTS («Gran Turismo Scoperta») this suffix can be seen in older spiders, or convertibles (see 365 GTS/4). Now the convertible models use the suffix «Spider» (spelt «i») (see F355 Spider, and 360 Spider). In more recent models, this suffix is used for targa top models (see Dino 246 GTS, and F355 GTS), which is an absolutely correct use of the suffix since «scoperta» means «uncovered». An increasing number of people tend to refer to GTS as «Gran Turismo Spyder», which creates the false assumption that Ferrari does not know the difference between «spyder» and «targa». The 348 TS, which is the only targa named differently, is an exception.
• GTO («Gran Turismo Omologata»), placed at the end of a model’s number, denotes a modified version of its predecessor. It designates a model that has been designed and improved for racetrack use while still being street legal. Only three models bear those three letters: the 250 GTO of 1962, the 288 GTO of 1984, and the 599 GTO of 2010.

This naming system can be confusing, as some entirely different vehicles used the same engine type and body style. Many Ferraris also had other names affixed (like Daytona) to identify them further. Many such names are actually not official factory names. The Daytona name commemorates Ferrari’s triple success in the February 1967 24 Hours of Daytona with the 330 P4.^[55] Only in the 1973 Daytona 24 Hours, a 365 GTB/4 run by NART (who raced Ferraris in America) ran second, behind a Porsche 911.^[56]

The various Dino models were named for Enzo’s son, Dino Ferrari, and were marketed as Dinos by Ferrari and sold at Ferrari dealers – for all intents and purposes they are Ferraris.

In the mid-1990s, Ferrari added the letter «F» to the beginning of all models (a practice abandoned after the F512 M and F355, but adopted again with the F430, but not with its successor, the Ferrari 458).

Identity[edit]

The famous symbol of the Ferrari race team is the Cavallino Rampante («prancing horse») black prancing stallion on a yellow shield, usually with the letters S F (for Scuderia Ferrari), with three stripes of green, white and red (the Italian national colors) at the top. The road cars have a rectangular badge on the hood (see picture at top of page), and, optionally, the shield-shaped race logo on the sides of both front wings, close to the door.

On 17 June 1923, Enzo Ferrari won a race at the Savio track in Ravenna where he met Countess Paolina, mother of Count Francesco Baracca, an ace of the Italian air force and national hero of World War I, who used to paint a horse on the side of his planes. The Countess asked Enzo to use this horse on his cars, suggesting that it would bring him good luck. The original «prancing horse» on Baracca’s airplane was painted in red on a white cloud-like shape, but Ferrari chose to have the horse in black (as it had been painted as a sign of grief on Baracca’s squadron planes after the pilot was killed in action) and he added a canary yellow background as this is the color of the city of Modena, his birthplace. The Ferrari horse was, from the very beginning, markedly different from the Baracca horse in most details, the most noticeable being the tail that in the original Baracca version was pointing downward.

Ferrari has used the cavallino rampante on official company stationery since 1929. Since the Spa 24 Hours of 9 July 1932, the cavallino rampante has been used on Alfa Romeos raced by Scuderia Ferrari.

The motif of a prancing horse is old, it can be found on ancient coins. A similar black horse on a yellow shield is the coat of arms of the German city of Stuttgart, home of Mercedes-Benz and the design bureau of Porsche, both being main competitors of Alfa and Ferrari in the 1930s. The city’s name derives from Stutengarten, an ancient form of the German word Gestüt, which translates into English as stud farm and into Italian as scuderia. Porsche also includes the Stuttgart sign in its corporate logo, centred in the emblem of the state of Württemberg. Stuttgart’s Rössle has both rear legs firmly planted on the soil, like Baracca’s horse, but unlike Ferrari’s cavallino.

Fabio Taglioni used the cavallino rampante on his Ducati motorbikes, as Taglioni was born at Lugo di Romagna like Baracca, and his father too was a military pilot during WWI (although not part of Baracca’s squadron, as is sometimes mistakenly reported). As Ferrari’s fame grew, Ducati abandoned the horse- perhaps the result of a private agreement between the two companies.

The cavallino rampante is the visual symbol of Ferrari. Cavallino Magazine uses the name, but not the logo. Other companies use similar logos: Avanti, an Austrian company operating over 100 filling stations, uses a prancing horse logo which is nearly identical to Ferrari’s, as does Iron Horse Bicycles and Norfolk Southern Railway.

Colour[edit]

Since the 1920s, Italian race cars of Alfa Romeo, Maserati and later Ferrari and Abarth were (and often still are) painted in «race red» (Rosso Corsa). This was the customary national racing color of Italy, as recommended between the World Wars by the organizations that later would become the FIA. It refers to the nationality of the competing team, not that of the car manufacturer or driver. In that scheme, French-entered cars such as Bugatti were blue, German such as Auto Union and Mercedes white (since 1934 also bare sheet metal silver), and British green such as the mid-1960s Lotus and BRM, for instance.

Ferrari won the 1964 World championship with John Surtees by competing for the last two races in North America with cars painted in the US-American race colors white and blue, as these were not entered by the Italian factory themselves, but by the U.S.-based North American Racing Team (NART) team. This was done as a protest concerning arguments between Ferrari and the Italian Racing Authorities regarding the homologation of a new mid-engined Ferrari race car.

Corporate affairs[edit]

In 1963, Enzo Ferrari was approached by the Ford Motor Company about a possible buy out.^[57] Ford audited Ferrari’s assets but legal negotiations and talks were unilaterally cut off by Ferrari when he realized that the deal offered by Ford would not enable him to stay at the helm of the company racing program. Henry Ford II consequently directed his racing division to negotiate with Lotus, Lola, and Cooper to build a car capable of beating Ferrari on the world endurance circuit, eventually resulting in the production of the Ford GT40 in 1964.

As the Ford deal fell through, FIAT approached Ferrari with a more flexible proposal and purchased controlling interests in the company in 1969. Enzo Ferrari retained a 10% share, which is currently owned by his son Piero Lardi Ferrari.

Ferrari has an internally managed merchandising line that licenses many products bearing the Ferrari brand, including eyewear, pens, pencils, electronic goods, perfume, cologne, clothing, high-tech bicycles, watches, cell phones, and laptop computers.

Ferrari also runs a museum, the Museo Ferrari in Maranello, which displays road and race cars and other items from the company’s history.

Formula Uomo programme[edit]

In 1997, Ferrari launched a long term master planned effort to improve overall corporate efficiency, production and employee happiness. The program was called Formula Uomo and became a case study in social sustainability.^[58] It took over ten years to fully implement and included over €200 million (2008) in investment.^[59]

Technical partnerships[edit]

Ferrari has had a long-standing relationship with Shell Oil. It is a technical partnership with Ferrari and Ducati to test as well as supply fuel and oils to the Formula One, MotoGP and World Superbike racing teams. For example, the Shell V-Power premium gasoline fuel has been developed with the many years of technical expertise between Shell and Ferrari.^[60]

Ferrari has had agreements to supply Formula One engines to a number of other teams over the years, and currently supply the Alfa Romeo and Haas F1 F1 teams.

Sales history[edit]

As of the end of 2019, the total of Ferrari built and sold cars in their whole company history is 219,062.^[61]

Annual Ferrari sales to end customers (number of type-approved vehicles)

Year	Sales
1947[62]	3
1948[62]	5
1949[62]	21
1950[62]	25
1951[62]	33
1952[62]	44
1953[62]	57
1954[62]	58
1955[62]	61
1956[62]	81
1957[62]	113
1958[62]	183
1959[62]	248
1960[62]	306
1961[62]	441
1962[62]	493
1963[62]	598
1964[62]	654
1965[62]	619
1966[62]	928

Year	Sales
1967[62]	706
1968[62]	729
1969[62]	619
1970[62]	928
1971[62]	1,246
1972[62]	1,844
1973[62]	1,772
1974[62]	1,436
1975[62]	1,337
1976[62]	1,426
1977[63]	1,798
1978[62]	1,939
1979[62]	2,221
1980[62]	2,470
1981[62]	2,565
1982[62]	2,209
1983[64]	2,366
1984[65]	2,856
1985[63]	3,051
1986[63]	3,663

Year	Sales
1987[66]	3,942
1988[67]	4,001
1989[67]	3,821
1990[68]	4,293
1991[68]	4,487
1992[68]	3,384
1993[68]	2,345
1994[68]	2,671
1995[68]	3,144
1996[69]	3,350
1997[69]	3,581
1998[70]	3,652
1999[70]	3,775
2000[71]	4,070
2001[72]	4,289
2002[73]	4,236
2003[74]	4,238
2004[75]	4,975
2005[76]	5,409
2006[77]	5,671

Year	Sales
2007[78]	6,465
2008[79]	6,587
2009[80]	6,250
2010[81]	6,461
2011[82]	7,001
2012[83]	7,318
2013[84]	6,922
2014[85]	7,255
2015[86]	7,664
2016[87]	8,014
2017[88]	8,398
2018[89]	9,251
2019[90]	10,131
2020[91]	9,119
2021[92]	11,115

Figure refers to units produced rather than to units sold

Figure refers to units shipped rather than to units sold

Annual Ferrari sales to end customers (number of type-approved vehicles)

Recalls[edit]

In January 2020 the Italian carmaker said it will recall 982 vehicles for passenger airbags due to the Takata airbag recalls.^[93] If the inflator explodes, the airbag will spew metal shrapnel at passengers, which can cause severe injury.^[93][94] Every car involved will get a new passenger-side airbag assembly, complete with a new inflator without the dangerous propellant.^[93]

On 8 August 2022, the company recalled almost every car it’s sold in the US since 2005 over a potential for brake failure.^[95][96] According to an NHTSA recall filing, 23,555 Ferrari models sold in America are fitted with a potentially faulty brake fluid reservoir cap that may not vent pressure adequately.^[95] The fix is simple.^[95]

Stores[edit]

Roughly thirty Ferrari boutiques exist worldwide, with two owned by Ferrari and the rest operating as franchises. The stores sell branded clothes,^[97] accessories and racing memorabilia. Clothing includes upscale and lower-priced collections^[98] for men, women, and children.

Some stores include race car simulation games for entertainment.^[99]

Attractions[edit]

There are currently two Ferrari-themed amusement parks in the world.

Ferrari World Abu Dhabi[edit]

Opened in 2010, Ferrari World Abu Dhabi is the first Ferrari-branded theme park in the world and boasts 37 rides and attractions. Located on Yas Island in Abu Dhabi, it is home to the world’s fastest roller coaster — Formula Rossa, and a dynamic coaster with one of the world’s tallest loop — Flying Aces.^[100]

Ferrari Land in PortAventura[edit]

Opened in 2017, Ferrari Land in PortAventura World resort is the second such Ferrari-themed amusement park in the world, after Ferrari World Abu Dhabi. With 16 rides and attractions, it is home to Europe’s fastest and highest vertical accelerator coaster — Red Force.^[101]

See also[edit]

• List of Ferrari road cars
• List of Ferrari engines
• List of Ferrari competition cars
• List of Ferrari engines
• Scuderia Ferrari
• List of car brands
• List of companies of Italy

Citations[edit]

General references[edit]

• Gustafson, Eric, «Cavallino Rampante», Sports Car International (Oct/Nov 2000): 94.
• Adler, Dennis, Ferrari: The Road from Maranello. Random House, 2006. ISBN 978-1-4000-6463-2.

External links[edit]

• Official website
• Ferrari Official Car Configurator
• Ferrari Past Models on auto.ferrari.com
• Ferrari Single-seaters on formula1.ferrari.com
• Ferrari Special Projects listing on Coachbuild.com
• Business data for Ferrari:
  • Bloomberg
  • Google
  • Reuters
  • SEC filings
  • Yahoo!

Рады помочь вам узнать, как пишется слово «феррари».
Пишите и говорите правильно.

О словаре

Сайт создан на основе «Русского орфографического словаря», составленного Институтом русского языка имени В. В. Виноградова РАН. Объем второго издания, исправленного и дополненного, составляет около 180 тысяч слов, и существенно превосходит все предшествующие орфографические словари. Он является нормативным справочником, отражающим с возможной полнотой лексику русского языка начала 21 века и регламентирующим ее правописание.

«Ферра́ри»

«Ферра́ри», нескл., м. (марка автомобиля) и ферра́ри, нескл., м. (автомобиль)

Источник: Орфографический
академический ресурс «Академос» Института русского языка им. В.В. Виноградова РАН (словарная база
2020)

Делаем Карту слов лучше вместе

Привет! Меня зовут Лампобот, я компьютерная программа, которая помогает делать
Карту слов. Я отлично
умею считать, но пока плохо понимаю, как устроен ваш мир. Помоги мне разобраться!

Спасибо! Я обязательно научусь отличать широко распространённые слова от узкоспециальных.

Насколько понятно значение слова экзотермический (прилагательное):

Ассоциации к слову «феррари&raquo

Синонимы к слову «феррари&raquo

Предложения со словом «феррари&raquo

• Вы, наверное, и сами замечали, что если мужчина по своему вкусу выбрал пылесос с 20 скоростями, турбонаддувом и цвета красного феррари, то пылесосить он начинает сам, причём с азартом, сравнимым с просмотром полуфинала «Евро-2008».
• Модена, помимо машин феррари, производит и моденский бальзамический уксус (единственно подлинный, опасайтесь подделок!) и игристое вино «Ламбруско».
• Мы подобны водителю феррари, застрявшему на обочине в сломанной машине.
• (все предложения)

Значение слова «феррари&raquo

• Феррари — итальянская фамилия, этимология которой восходит к профессии кузнеца. (Википедия)

  Все значения слова ФЕРРАРИ

Смотрите также

Феррари — итальянская фамилия, этимология которой восходит к профессии кузнеца.

Все значения слова «феррари»

• Вы, наверное, и сами замечали, что если мужчина по своему вкусу выбрал пылесос с 20 скоростями, турбонаддувом и цвета красного феррари, то пылесосить он начинает сам, причём с азартом, сравнимым с просмотром полуфинала «Евро-2008».

• Модена, помимо машин феррари, производит и моденский бальзамический уксус (единственно подлинный, опасайтесь подделок!) и игристое вино «Ламбруско».

• Мы подобны водителю феррари, застрявшему на обочине в сломанной машине.

• (все предложения)

• спенсер
• аллен
• харлей
• джек
• суперинтендант
• (ещё синонимы…)

• машина
• гонка
• автомобиль
• (ещё ассоциации…)

А Б В Г Д Е Ж З И Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Э Ю Я

«Ферра́ри», нескл., м. (марка автомобиля) и ферра́ри, нескл., м. (автомобиль)

Рядом по алфавиту:

«Ферра́ри» , нескл., м. (марка автомобиля) и ферра́ри, нескл., м. (автомобиль)
фе́рми-у́ровень , -вня
фе́рми-части́ца , -ы
фе́рми-части́ца , -ы, тв. -ей
фе́рми-эне́ргия , -и
фе́рмовый
фермосбо́рочный
фе́рмский
фермуа́р , -а
фернамбу́к , -а
фернамбу́ковый
фернико́ , нескл., с. (сплав)
феромо́новый
феромо́ны , -ов, ед. -мо́н, -а
феронье́рка , -и, р. мн. -рок
феррали́тный
ферра́рский , (от Ферра́ра)
ферра́ты , -ов, ед. -а́т, -а
ферредокси́ны , -ов, ед. -си́н, -а
ферри́д , -а (тех.)
ферримагнети́зм , -а
ферримагне́тик , -а
ферримагни́тный
ферри́т , -а (вещество)
ферритдио́дный
феррити́н , -а
ферри́тный
ферри́товый
ферриттранзи́сторный
ферро… , – первая часть сложных слов, пишется слитно
ферробо́р , -а

Слова русского языка,
поиск и разбор слов онлайн

• Слова русского языка
• Ф
• феррари

Правильно слово пишется: ферра́ри

Ударение падает на 2-й слог с буквой а.
Всего в слове 7 букв, 3 гласных, 4 согласных, 3 слога.
Гласные: е, а, и;
Согласные: ф, р, р, р.

Номера букв в слове

Номера букв в слове «феррари» в прямом и обратном порядке:

• 7
  ф
  1
• 6
  е
  2
• 5
  р
  3
• 4
  р
  4
• 3
  а
  5
• 2
  р
  6
• 1
  и
  7

• Слова русского языка
• Русский язык
• О сайте
• Подборки слов
• Поиск слов по маске
• Составление словосочетаний
• Словосочетаний из предложений
• Деление слов на слоги

• Словари
• Орфографический словарь
• Словарь устаревших слов
• Словарь новых слов
• Орфография
• Орфограммы
• Проверка ошибок в словах
• Исправление ошибок

• Лексика
• Омонимы
• Устаревшие слова
• Заимствованные слова
• Новые слова
• Диалекты
• Слова-паразиты
• Сленговые слова
• Профессиональные слова
• Интересные слова

Морфемный разбор слова:

Однокоренные слова к слову:

Лука ди Монтедземоло
(президент, председатель совета директоров)
Пьеро Феррари
(вице-президент)
Амедео Фелиса
(генеральный директор)

Ferrari S.p.A. (кратко: Ferrari — рус. «Ферра́ри» ) — итальянская компания, выпускающая спортивные автомобили, базирующаяся в Маранелло. Основана в 1928 году Энцо Феррари как Scuderia Ferrari, компания спонсировала гонщиков и производила гоночные машины до 1947 года. С 1947 года начала выпуск «уличных» (англ. street-legal ) спортивных автомобилей под маркой «Ferrari S.p.A.». На протяжении всей своей истории, компания участвует в различных гонках, особенно в Формуле-1, где она имеет наибольший успех. Эмблема «Феррари» — вставший на дыбы жеребец на жёлтом фоне. Традиционный цвет автомобилей — красный, но компания выпускает автомобили и других цветов.

Содержание

Организация

В настоящее время компания Ferrari принадлежит группе Fiat. Председатель совета директоров и президент компании — Лука ди Монтедземоло (Luca di Montezemolo). Головной офис и производство находится в итальянском городе Маранелло, вблизи Модены.

Акционеры

Деятельность

Гоночное подразделение компании «Скудерия Феррари» (итал. Scuderia Ferrari ) выступает в гонках Формула 1 и является самой успешной за всю историю гонок.

История автомобиля

«Феррари» (Ferrari), итальянская компания, специализирующаяся на выпуске гоночных и элитных автомобилей. С 1989 является дочерней компанией концерна «Fiat». Штаб-квартира находится в Маранелло.

1930—1950

Компания (первоначальное название её было Auto Avio Costruzioni) была основана в 1929 году гонщиком, конструктором и испытателем автомобилей «Альфа-Ромео» Энцо Феррари. Первоначально она производила различное оборудование для автомобилей. Сделанные компанией автомобили выпускались под маркой «Альфа-Ромео». С этой компанией у Феррари был договор. Первый автомобиль, носящий уже собственно имя «Феррари» появился в 1946. Это была модель Ferrari 125, с мощным 12-цилиндровым алюминиевым двигателем, призванная воплотить в жизнь мечту её создателя: придать обыкновенному дорожному автомобилю свойства гоночного без ущемления комфортабельности. В качестве торговой марки фирмы Энцо Феррари избрал скачущего жеребца на жёлтом фоне.

1950—1960

В 1951 появляется этапная модель 340 America с двигателем, первоначально разработанным для Ferrari GT с рабочим объёмом 4,1 литра. В 1953 году эта же машина оснащается двигателем объёмом 4,5 литра и получает новое имя — 375 America. В том же году «Феррари» представляет 250 Europa, с трехлитровым двигателем.

Всего к началу 1954 Энцо Феррари выпустил около 200 своих машин в эксклюзивно-дорожном варианте и 250 гоночных моделей. Создавая свои дорожные автомобили, Феррари обращался к разным дизайнерским компаниям, делая свои модели непохожими друг на друга. Но модель 250 GT 1954 года положила начало многолетнему и плодотворнейшему сотрудничеству с компанией «Пининфарина», как нельзя лучше подстроившей свои кузова к новым короткобазным шасси, у которых ведущая задняя ось была подвешена на пружинах.

Уже модель 250 GT выпустили не только как купе, но и кабриолет, а появившаяся в 1959 году 250GT California, производившаяся на заказ, — яркий образец открытой модели 250 GT спортивного типа. В 1958 «Пининфарина» создала для модели 250 GT кузова специфически угловатой формы: эти автомобили, оснащенные 12-цилиндровым двигателем, и внешне производили впечатление огромной мощи, идеально послушной любым желаниям своих владельцев.

Модели 375 America и сменившая её в 1956 410 Super America (их было выпущено всего 14) предназначались для «сильных мира сего»: их дизайн навевал ощущение силы и уверенности в себе.

С 1957 по 1962 год выпускался видоизмененный «Феррари 250 GT California» с хищно заостренным профилем и съемной крышей. Свою первую победу эта машина одержала в гонках Tourist Trophy 1960 года на трассе Гудвуд.

1960—1970

«Феррари» принадлежат самые запоминающиеся машины 60-х годов нашего века: 250GT в 1960 был преобразован в фастбек 250GTE с кузовом «2+2», элегантный и пользующийся популярностью, на базе которого в 1964 был создан 330GT «2+2» с четырёхлитровым мотором и оригинальными «косящими» фарами. В 1962 по 1964 на базе 250GT был построен один из самых значимых автомобилей в истории — 250GTO («Gran Turismo Omologata»). Всего было выпущено 39 автомобилей, обладающими 3-х литром двигателем V12 мощностью 300 л. с., имеющая 5-скоростную коробку передач. Вес автомобиля составлял 1100 кг, колесная база — 2400 мм, а максимальная скорость более 283 км/ч.

Непревзойденной осталась женственно-изящная, стремительная Berlinetta Lusso 1962 года, развивающая скорость свыше 225 км/ч. На смену 330GT «2+2» в 1967 пришла 365GT «2+2» с самобалансирующейся задней подвеской и усилителем рулевого управления. В 1971 её сменила более строгая в соответствии с духом времени 365GT4.

В 1966 фирма разработала новый V-образный двигатель, ведущий свое начало от гоночных моторов: 12-цилиндровый, четырёхкулачковый, с двумя распределительными валами в каждой головке цилиндров, системой смазки с сухим картером, обеспечивший высокий крутящий момент и гибкость, имевший мощность 300 л.с.

В 1968 «Феррари» выпустила легендарную Daytona, или 365GTB/4, с передним расположением 4,4-литрового V-образного 12-цилиндрового двигателя, мощностью 352 л.с., развивающего сверхскорость — 282 км/ч. Эта модель, внешне сдержанная и функциональная.

1970—1990

В начале 1970-х годов появилась модель «Dino», названная в честь умершего сына Коммендаторе, с центрально расположенным двигателем производства ФИАТ— V-образным 6-цилиндровым; модель выпускалась и в 8-цилиндровом варианте, но 6-цилиндровая модель считается классической. Одно время «Dino» была фактически отдельной маркой. Автомобиль «Dino-206GТ» выпускался с 1967 года с двигателем V6 (1987 см3 180 л. с. при 8000 об/мин; с 1969 года — «246 GT»-2418 см3, 195 л. с. при 7600 об/мин). Точно такие же, нетрадиционные для «Ferrari» моторы стояли на спортивном «Fiat Dino».

Модель 365GT4, или Berlinetta Boxer, 1971 года выпуска, имела много черт гоночных автомобилей «Феррари: её двигатель рабочим объёмом 4,4 литра мог развивать скорость 275 км/ч; расположен он был горизонтально посредине кузова, а коробка передач для более рационального использования внутреннего объёма кузова располагалась под мотором. Шасси также использовало опыт гоночных машин: пространственная трубчатая рама и стальные панели кузова. На базе Ferrari 308GT4 делались элегантные модели с кузовами «Пининфарина»; оснащенные V-образными 8-цилиндровыми двигателями, они привлекали внимание покупателей до начала 80-х годов.

Установив горизонтальный 12-цилиндровый мотор Boxer гоночной модели 512BB на Testarossa, компания создала массивную тяжелую машину, отвечающую самым взыскательным требованиям как спортсменов-гонщиков так и «зведных» клиентов. Яркий броский дизайн «Пининфарин» нес в себе квинтэссенцию рекламного духа, причем его создатель добивался не только внешнего эффекта: ребристые боковые воздухоприемники, нашедшие множество подражателей, служили для подачи воздуха в боковые радиаторы, заменившие передний радиатор 512BB. Технические показатели модели также были безупречны: пятилитровый двигатель Testarossa, с четырьмя клапанами на цилиндр, достигал мощности 390 л.с., а его максимальная скорость — 274 км/ч.

Автомобили компании «Феррари», с 1969 контролировавшейся ФИАТом, а с 1989 окончательно отошедшей к корпорации, имеют репутацию самых дорогих в мире. Каждый из них — это легенда.

Источник

Как правильно пишется слово ««Феррари»»

Источник: Орфографический академический ресурс «Академос» Института русского языка им. В.В. Виноградова РАН (словарная база 2020)

Делаем Карту слов лучше вместе

Привет! Меня зовут Лампобот, я компьютерная программа, которая помогает делать Карту слов. Я отлично умею считать, но пока плохо понимаю, как устроен ваш мир. Помоги мне разобраться!

Спасибо! Я обязательно научусь отличать широко распространённые слова от узкоспециальных.

Насколько понятно значение слова фальсификат (существительное):

Ассоциации к слову «феррари&raquo

Синонимы к слову «феррари&raquo

Предложения со словом «феррари&raquo

Сочетаемость слова «феррари&raquo

Значение слова «феррари&raquo

Феррари — итальянская фамилия, этимология которой восходит к профессии кузнеца. (Википедия)

Отправить комментарий

Значение слова «феррари&raquo

Феррари — итальянская фамилия, этимология которой восходит к профессии кузнеца.

Предложения со словом «феррари&raquo

Вы, наверное, и сами замечали, что если мужчина по своему вкусу выбрал пылесос с 20 скоростями, турбонаддувом и цвета красного феррари, то пылесосить он начинает сам, причём с азартом, сравнимым с просмотром полуфинала «Евро-2008».

Модена, помимо машин феррари, производит и моденский бальзамический уксус (единственно подлинный, опасайтесь подделок!) и игристое вино «Ламбруско».

Вокруг собралась приличная толпа народа, и всё с интересом, словно я выставочная модель феррари, разглядывали мою скромную персону.

Источник

Значение слова «феррари»

Феррари, Андреа Карло (1850—1921) — блаженный Римско-католической Церкви, итальянский кардинал.

Феррари, Ванесса (род. 1990) — итальянская гимнастка, абсолютная чемпионка мира, трёхкратная чемпионка Европы.

Феррари, Виолетта (1930—2014) — венгерская актриса.

Феррари, Джакомо (Яков Яковлевич Феррари; 1746—1807) — итальянский художник и архитектор, работавший при Павле I и Александре I в Петербурге.

Феррари, Джованни (1907—1982) — итальянский футболист, правый нападающий.

Феррари, Джорджо (1925—2010) — итальянский композитор и музыкальный педагог.

Феррари, Джузеппе (1811—1876) — итальянский революционный демократ, публицист и философ.

Феррари, Жером (род. 1968) — французский писатель и переводчик.

Феррари, Лодовико (1522—1565) — итальянский математик.

Феррари, Маттео (род. 1979) — итальянский футболист.

Феррари, Микеле (род. 1953) — итальянский врач, физиолог и тренер, отстранённый от медицинской практики за скандалы с применением допинга.

Феррари, Пьеро (род. 1945) — сын Энцо Феррари.

Феррари, Филипп (1850—1917) — крупнейший в истории филателист.

Феррари, Франк (1963—2015) — французский баритон.

Феррари, Энцо (1898—1988) — основатель компании и команды Ferrari.

Феррари, Этторе (1848—1929) — итальянский скульптор, парламентарий и выдающийся масон — Великий мастер Великого востока Италии.

Источник

феррари

Смотреть что такое «феррари» в других словарях:

Феррари — Феррари итальянская фамилия. Феррари, Джованни (1907 1982) итальянский футболист, правый нападающий, родился в Алессандрии, лучшие годы своей карьеры провел в Милане и Турине. Феррари, Лодовико итальянский математик (1522 1565) … Википедия

Феррари — Паоло (Paolo Ferrari, 1822 1889) итальянский комедиограф. Р. в Модене. С 1860 профессор истории Миланской академии. Слава Ф. зиждется гл. обр. на его блестящей исторической комедии «Goldoni e le sue sedici commedie nuove» (Гольдони и его 16 новых … Литературная энциклопедия

Феррари — (Ferrari) – марка автомобиля, Италия, гоночные Формула 1. EdwART. Словарь автомобильного жаргона, 2009 … Автомобильный словарь

Феррари Э. — Энцо Ансельмо Феррари Энцо Ансельмо Феррари (итал. Enzo Anselmo Ferrari) (18 февраля 1898 14 августа 1988) итальянский конструктор и предприниматель. Основатель автомобилестроительной компании Феррари и одноименной автогоночной команды. Биография … Википедия

Феррари — (Ferrari) итальянская компания по выпуску гоночных и элитных автомобилей. С 1989 является дочерней компанией концерна «ФИАТ». Штаб квартира находится в Маранелло. Компания (первоначальное название ее было Auto Avio Costruzioni) была основана в… … Автомобильный словарь

«ФЕРРАРИ» — (Ferrari) назв. спортивных и гоночных автомобилей одноимённой итал. фирмы, выпускаемых с 1946. Получили известность благодаря успешным выступлениям в разл. автомоб. соревнованиях. В 1986 изготовлялись автомобили с кузовами ручной сборки и… … Большой энциклопедический политехнический словарь

феррари — неизм. м.; = Феррари Толковый словарь Ефремовой. Т. Ф. Ефремова. 2000 … Современный толковый словарь русского языка Ефремовой

Феррари — I Феррари (Ferrari) Джузеппе (7.3.1811, Милан, – 2.7.1876, Рим), итальянский революционный демократ, публицист. В 1838–1859 (с перерывами) жил во Франции. В 1845–48 на страницах французских журналов выступал с резкой критикой… … Большая советская энциклопедия

ФЕРРАРИ — Филипп Ренотье де ля (1848 1917) известный филат., обладавший самой лучшей в мире коллекцией знаков почт, оплаты. Ф. итал., жил большей частью в Париже. По утверждению современников, в филат. коллекции Ф. находились все известные ему почт … Большой филателистический словарь

ФЕРРАРИ — (Ferrari), Джузеппе (7.III.1811 2.VII.1876) итал. революц. демократ, публицист. В 1838 1859 (с небольшими перерывами) жил во Франции. В 1845 48 на страницах франц. журналов выступал с резкой критикой неогвельфизма итал. либералов, их программы… … Советская историческая энциклопедия

Источник

ferrari

1 ferrari

2 ferrari

3 Ferrari

4 Ferrari

5 Ferrari

6 ferrari

7 феррари

См. также в других словарях:

Ferrari — S.p.A. Rechtsform S.p.A Gründung 1947 Sitz Maranello … Deutsch Wikipedia

Ferrari — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Ferrari S.p.A. Tipo Subsidiaria (Grupo FIAT) Fundación 1929 por Enzo Ferrari … Wikipedia Español

Ferrari FX — Ferrari Enzo Ferrari Hersteller: Ferrari Produktionszeitraum: 2002–2004 Klasse … Deutsch Wikipedia

Ferrari TR — Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa Ne doit pas être confondu avec Ferrari Testarossa ou Ferrari 500 Testa Rossa. Article principal : Ferrari 250. Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa … Wikipédia en Français

Ferrari P — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Ferrari 330 P3 La serie P de Ferrari son coches deportivos construidos en la década de 1960 y principios de 1970 para participar dentro de las categorias sport prototipos en los campeonatos de resistencia y en… … Wikipedia Español

Ferrari FF — [[Файл … Википедия

FERRARI (E.) — Enzo FERRARI 1898 1988 Enzo Ferrari aura assuré, jusqu’à son dernier souffle, la direction de son entreprise d’automobiles de compétition à travers laquelle, tout en assouvissant une passion, il était devenu le symbole de la créativité et du… … Encyclopédie Universelle

Ferrari FF — Une Ferrari FF au Salon de Genève 2011 Constructeur … Wikipédia en Français

Ferrari SP — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Los Ferrari SP son automóviles de carreras construidos por la fabrica Ferrari en los años de 1961 y 1962 para competir en el Campeonato Mundial de Constructores. Es la primera serie de autos sport prototipos con… … Wikipedia Español

Ferrari F 40 — Ferrari F40 Pour les articles homonymes, voir F40. Ferrari F40 Constructeur Ferrari … Wikipédia en Français

Ferrari FF — auf dem Genfer Auto Salon 2011 Der Ferrari FF ist ein Sportwagen des italienischen Automobilherstellers Ferrari. Der FF wurde am 21. Januar 2011 in einer Pressemitteilung als Nachfolger des Ferrari 612 Scaglietti vorgestellt und im März 2011 auf… … Deutsch Wikipedia

Источник

ФЕРРАРИ

Ударение в слове: ферр`ари
Ударение падает на букву: а
Безударные гласные в слове: ферр`ари

ФЕРРАРСКИЙ →← ФЕРОНЬЕРКА

Синонимы слова «ФЕРРАРИ»:

АВТОМОБИЛЬ

Смотреть что такое ФЕРРАРИ в других словарях:

Координаты: 44° с. ш. 10° в. д. / 44.532447° с. ш. 10.864137° в. д. ^(G) (O)

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Феррари.

Ferrari S.p.A.
Год основания	1947[1]
Основатели	Энцо Феррари
Расположение	Маранелло (Италия)
Ключевые фигуры	Лука ди Монтедземоло (президент, председатель совета директоров) Пьеро Феррари (вице-президент) Амедео Фелиса (генеральный директор)
Отрасль	Автомобилестроение
Продукция	Гоночные и спортивные автомобили
Оборот	€ 1,921 млрд (2008 год)
Операционная прибыль	€ 0,341 млрд (2008 год)
Число сотрудников	3017 (2008 год)
Материнская компания	Fiat
Сайт	ferrari.com

Ferrari S.p.A. (кратко: Ferrari — рус. «Ферра́ри») — итальянская компания, выпускающая спортивные автомобили, базирующаяся в Маранелло. Основана в 1928 году Энцо Феррари как Scuderia Ferrari, компания спонсировала гонщиков и производила гоночные машины до 1947 года. С 1947 года начала выпуск «уличных» (англ. street-legal) спортивных автомобилей под маркой «Ferrari S.p.A.». На протяжении всей своей истории, компания участвует в различных гонках, особенно в Формуле-1, где она имеет наибольший успех. Эмблема «Феррари» — вставший на дыбы жеребец на жёлтом фоне. Традиционный цвет автомобилей — красный, но компания выпускает автомобили и других цветов.

Организация

Гоночная конюшня, именуемая «Скудерия Феррари» (Scuderia Ferrari) основана Энцо Феррари в 1929 году. Начала производить транспортные средства в 1947 году^[1].

В настоящее время компания Ferrari принадлежит группе Fiat. Председатель совета директоров и президент компании — Лука ди Монтедземоло (Luca di Montezemolo). Головной офис и производство находится в итальянском городе Маранелло, вблизи Модены.

Акционеры

93,4 % акций Ferrari принадлежит концерну Fiat^[2].

Деятельность

Компания выпускает гоночные и спортивные автомобили

В 2008 году компания произвела 6662 автомобиля (на 1,2 % больше, чем в 2007 году). Численность персонала компании на конец 2008 года составила 3017 человек (на 3,1 % больше, чем в 2007 году). Оборот в 2008 году составил 1,921 млрд евро (на 15,2 % больше, чем в 2007 году)^[3].

Гоночное подразделение компании «Скудерия Феррари» (итал. Scuderia Ferrari) выступает в гонках Формула 1 и является самой успешной за всю историю гонок.

История автомобиля

«Феррари» (Ferrari), итальянская компания, специализирующаяся на выпуске гоночных и элитных автомобилей. С 1989 является дочерней компанией концерна «Fiat». Штаб-квартира находится в Маранелло.

1930—1950

Компания (первоначальное название её было Auto Avio Costruzioni) была основана в 1929 году гонщиком, конструктором и испытателем автомобилей «Альфа-Ромео» Энцо Феррари. Первоначально она производила различное оборудование для автомобилей. Сделанные компанией автомобили выпускались под маркой «Альфа-Ромео». С этой компанией у Феррари был договор. Первый автомобиль, носящий уже собственно имя «Феррари» появился в 1946. Это была модель Ferrari 125, с мощным 12-цилиндровым алюминиевым двигателем, призванная воплотить в жизнь мечту её создателя: придать обыкновенному дорожному автомобилю свойства гоночного без ущемления комфортабельности. В качестве торговой марки фирмы Энцо Феррари избрал скачущего жеребца на жёлтом фоне.

К концу 1947 существовали уже две модификации двигателя «Феррари», а его рабочий объём вырос у модели 166 до 1995 см . В следующем году собственная команда «Феррари» впервые одержала победу в гонках Милле-Милья и Тарга-Флорио. 1949 год принес команде и новый триумф в тех же соревнованиях, а чуть позже победу в гонке «24 часа Ле-Мана».

1950—1960

В 1951 появляется этапная модель 340 America с двигателем, первоначально разработанным для Ferrari GT с рабочим объёмом 4,1 литра. В 1953 году эта же машина оснащается двигателем объёмом 4,5 литра и получает новое имя — 375 America. В том же году «Феррари» представляет 250 Europa, с трехлитровым двигателем.

Всего к началу 1954 Энцо Феррари выпустил около 200 своих машин в эксклюзивно-дорожном варианте и 250 гоночных моделей. Создавая свои дорожные автомобили, Феррари обращался к разным дизайнерским компаниям, делая свои модели непохожими друг на друга. Но модель 250 GT 1954 года положила начало многолетнему и плодотворнейшему сотрудничеству с компанией «Пининфарина», как нельзя лучше подстроившей свои кузова к новым короткобазным шасси, у которых ведущая задняя ось была подвешена на пружинах.

Уже модель 250 GT выпустили не только как купе, но и кабриолет, а появившаяся в 1959 году 250GT California, производившаяся на заказ, — яркий образец открытой модели 250 GT спортивного типа. В 1958 «Пининфарина» создала для модели 250 GT кузова специфически угловатой формы: эти автомобили, оснащенные 12-цилиндровым двигателем, и внешне производили впечатление огромной мощи, идеально послушной любым желаниям своих владельцев.

Модели 375 America и сменившая её в 1956 410 Super America (их было выпущено всего 14) предназначались для «сильных мира сего»: их дизайн навевал ощущение силы и уверенности в себе.

С 1957 по 1962 год выпускался видоизмененный «Феррари 250 GT California» с хищно заостренным профилем и съемной крышей. Свою первую победу эта машина одержала в гонках Tourist Trophy 1960 года на трассе Гудвуд.

1960—1970

«Феррари» принадлежат самые запоминающиеся машины 60-х годов нашего века: 250GT в 1960 был преобразован в фастбек 250GTE с кузовом «2+2», элегантный и пользующийся популярностью, на базе которого в 1964 был создан 330GT «2+2» с четырёхлитровым мотором и оригинальными «косящими» фарами. В 1962 по 1964 на базе 250GT был построен один из самых значимых автомобилей в истории — 250GTO («Gran Turismo Omologata»). Всего было выпущено 39 автомобилей, обладающими 3-х литром двигателем V12 мощностью 300 л. с., имеющая 5-скоростную коробку передач. Вес автомобиля составлял 1100 кг, колесная база — 2400 мм, а максимальная скорость более 283 км/ч.

Непревзойденной осталась женственно-изящная, стремительная Berlinetta Lusso 1962 года, развивающая скорость свыше 225 км/ч. На смену 330GT «2+2» в 1967 пришла 365GT «2+2» с самобалансирующейся задней подвеской и усилителем рулевого управления. В 1971 её сменила более строгая в соответствии с духом времени 365GT4.

В 1966 фирма разработала новый V-образный двигатель, ведущий свое начало от гоночных моторов: 12-цилиндровый, четырёхкулачковый, с двумя распределительными валами в каждой головке цилиндров, системой смазки с сухим картером, обеспечивший высокий крутящий момент и гибкость, имевший мощность 300 л.с.

В 1968 «Феррари» выпустила легендарную Daytona, или 365GTB/4, с передним расположением 4,4-литрового V-образного 12-цилиндрового двигателя, мощностью 352 л.с., развивающего сверхскорость — 282 км/ч. Эта модель, внешне сдержанная и функциональная.

1970—1990

В начале 1970-х годов появилась модель «Dino», названная в честь умершего сына Коммендаторе, с центрально расположенным двигателем производства ФИАТ— V-образным 6-цилиндровым; модель выпускалась и в 8-цилиндровом варианте, но 6-цилиндровая модель считается классической. Одно время «Dino» была фактически отдельной маркой. Автомобиль «Dino-206GТ» выпускался с 1967 года с двигателем V6 (1987 см3 180 л. с. при 8000 об/мин; с 1969 года — «246 GT»-2418 см3, 195 л. с. при 7600 об/мин). Точно такие же, нетрадиционные для «Ferrari» моторы стояли на спортивном «Fiat Dino».

Модель 365GT4, или Berlinetta Boxer, 1971 года выпуска, имела много черт гоночных автомобилей «Феррари: её двигатель рабочим объёмом 4,4 литра мог развивать скорость 275 км/ч; расположен он был горизонтально посредине кузова, а коробка передач для более рационального использования внутреннего объёма кузова располагалась под мотором. Шасси также использовало опыт гоночных машин: пространственная трубчатая рама и стальные панели кузова. На базе Ferrari 308GT4 делались элегантные модели с кузовами «Пининфарина»; оснащенные V-образными 8-цилиндровыми двигателями, они привлекали внимание покупателей до начала 80-х годов.

Установив горизонтальный 12-цилиндровый мотор Boxer гоночной модели 512BB на Testarossa, компания создала массивную тяжелую машину, отвечающую самым взыскательным требованиям как спортсменов-гонщиков так и «зведных» клиентов. Яркий броский дизайн «Пининфарин» нес в себе квинтэссенцию рекламного духа, причем его создатель добивался не только внешнего эффекта: ребристые боковые воздухоприемники, нашедшие множество подражателей, служили для подачи воздуха в боковые радиаторы, заменившие передний радиатор 512BB. Технические показатели модели также были безупречны: пятилитровый двигатель Testarossa, с четырьмя клапанами на цилиндр, достигал мощности 390 л.с., а его максимальная скорость — 274 км/ч.

В 1987 сам основатель компании Энцо Феррари возглавил коллектив конструкторов, подготовивших модель F40, обозначенную как «сумма усилий компании за годы её существования». Свое начало F40 ведет от GTO 1984 года и, на первый взгляд, имеет много общего с Ferrari 308GTB, однако имеет существенные технические нововведения: турбонаддув, V-образный 8-цилиндровый двигатель продольного (а не поперечного) расположения, установленный на трубчатой раме, усиленной несущими панелями из кевлара, супермощность 478 л.с. — все говорит о том, что прежней осталась только конфигурация. Кузов этой супермодели выполнен из углеволокна и кевлара, а её тесный салон вполне отвечает спортивной сущности машины: в ней нет даже механизма для регулировки сидений. Поразительные технические характеристики и никакого комфорта — вот девиз 1118-килограммовой Ferrari F40: жесткая подвеска не поглощала дорожных неровностей, руль откликался на каждую выбоину, а великолепный мотор демонстрировал бесконечную мощь. Требовательный, неудержимо энергичный и привлекательный — таким стало последнее детище основателя фирмы.

Автомобили компании «Феррари», с 1969 контролировавшейся ФИАТом, а с 1989 окончательно отошедшей к корпорации, имеют репутацию самых дорогих в мире. Каждый из них — это легенда.

1990—2000

Осенью 1992 года в Париже вышло в свет высокомощное заднеприводное спортивное купе классической компоновки 456 GT/GTA. Дизайн — Pininfarina. GTA — март 1996 (Женева). ASR, модернизированные кузов, подвеска и салон (4 места) — март 1998, Женева.

В мае 1994 года вышел F355, спортивный автомобиль преемник 348 GTB/GTS. Самая дешевая и популярная модель фирмы. Дизайн — Pininfarina. Весной 1995 года появился Spider — кабриолет. Berlinetta — купе, GTS — купе со съемной жесткой крышей, F1 -управление трансмиссией по типу гоночного автомобиля. Прекращение производства Berlinetta/Targa — лето 1997.

550 Maranello преемник Testarossa/512 производится на базе 456GT. Дизайн — Pininfarina. Дебют — 20 июля 1996.

Модель 360 Modena — преемник F355 Berlinetta. Дизайн — Pininfarina. Премьера состоялась в марте 1999 года в Женеве. Начало продаж — лето 1999.

2000 — по настоящее время

На автосалоне в Париже, итальянская фирма Ferrari показала самую мощную в Европе серийную машину. Речь идет о специальной модели «Энцо Феррари». Появление специальной модели в честь знаменитого конструктора призвано напомнить автомобильному миру о передовой конструкторской школе Ferrari, которая убедительно подтверждается выдающимися успехами в Формуле-1. Двухместный спортивный автомобиль будет оснащен 12-цилиндровым двигателем объёмом 6 литров и мощностью 650 л. с. Время разгона до 100 км/ч составляет всего 3,5 секунды, а один километр машина способна преодолеть за 19 секунд. Максимальная скорость «Энцо Феррари» — свыше 350 км/ч. Дизайн автомобиля разработало известное кузовное ателье Pininfarina. Модель «Энцо Феррари» несет в себе черты болидов Формулы-1 — обтекаемый корпус и узкий салон. Двери открываются вверх. Все важнейшие функции управления, включая переключение передач, вынесены на руль. Автомобиль оснащен 6-ступенчатой коробкой, смена передач осуществляется с помощью специальных клавиш на руле. Предполагается, что будет выпущено всего 349 автомобилей «Энцо Феррари». Фирма предложит их своим наиболее верным и известным клиентам, естественно, по предварительным заявкам. Цена автомобиля составит минимум 500 тысяч евро.

Эмблема

Эмблема Феррари, гарцующий жеребец на жёлтом фоне, впервые появилась на печатных материалах и официальных документах компании в 1929 году. Однако в то время «Гарцующий жеребец» не изображался на машинах, так как они принадлежали Alfa Romeo и имели собственную эмблему в виде клеверного листа на белом фоне треугольной формы.

Энцо Феррари в своих воспоминаниях писал:

«В качестве заводской марки я продолжал использовать изображение вздыбленного коня, которое появилось у меня сначала на машинах Scuderia Ferrari. История этого вздыбленного коня простая и забавная. Такую эмблему нес на своем истребителе Франческо Баракка, ас первой мировой войны. Его сбили под Монтелло. Когда в 1923 году я выступил на трассе „чиркуито дель Савио“ в Равенне, я познакомился с графом Энрико Баракка, отцом героя. Он представил меня своей жене, графине Паолине Баракка, которая однажды предложила: Феррари, а почему бы вам не изобразить вздыбленного коня моего сына на вашем гоночном автомобиле? Он принесет вам удачу.

Я все ещё храню фотографию аса с посвящением его родителей, в котором они вверяют мне этот знак с конем. Конь был и остался чёрным. Я же добавил золотистый фон, который является цветом города Модены».

Эмблема Scuderia Ferrari выглядит в виде треугольного щита, а фирменный знак завода Феррари в виде прямоугольника, с полосатой лентой итальянского флага.

Модели

Суперкары

• Dino 206/246/208/308 (1967—1980)
• Ferrari Mondial 8/QV/Cabriolet (1981—1990)
• Ferrari 308/208 (1975—1985)
• Ferrari 328 (1985—1989)
• Ferrari 348 TB/TB/GTB/GTS/Spider/Speziale/GT Competizione (1989—1995)
• Ferrari 355 Berlinetta/GTS/Spider/F1 Spider Serie Fiorano (1995—1999)
• Ferrari 360 Modena/Spider (1999—2005)
• Ferrari 430 (2006—по наст время)
• California (2010 — до настоящего)
• Ferrari 458 Italia (2011 — до настоящего)
• Ferrari 125 (1947)
• Ferrari 159 (1947)
• Ferrari 166 (1948—1953)
• Ferrari 195 (1950—1952)
• Ferrari 212 (1951/52)
• Ferrari 250 (1952—1966)
• Ferrari 275 (1964—1967)
• Ferrari 330 (1963—1970)
• Ferrari 340 America (1951)
• Ferrari 342 America (1952/53)
• Ferrari 365 GT/GT4 2+2/GT4/BB/GTB/GTS/GTC/California Cabriolet (1966—1976)
• Ferrari 375 America (1953—1955)
• Ferrari 512 BB (1976—1984)
• Ferrari Testarossa, 512 TR, 512 M (1984—1996)
• Ferrari 550 Maranello (1996—2001)
• Ferrari 575 Maranello (2002—2006)
• Ferrari 365 GT 2+2, GT4 2+2 (1966—1976)
• Ferrari 400 Superamerica (1959—1964)
• Ferrari 400i (1976—1985)
• Ferrari 410 Superamerica (1955-1959)
• Ferrari 412 (1985—1989)
• Ferrari 456 GT/MGT (1993—2004)
• Ferrari 500 Superfast (1964—1966)
• Ferrari 612 Scaglietti (2009-до настоящего)
• Ferrari 599 GTB (2006-2010)
• Ferrari 599 GTO (2010-до настоящего)
• Ferrari 288 GTO (1984—1986)
• Ferrari F40 (1987—1992)
• Ferrari F50 (1996—1997)
• Ferrari Enzo Ferrari (2002—2004)
• Ferrari FXX (2005—2006)
• Ferrari F12berlinetta (2012—до настоящего)
• Ferrari F150/F70 (2012—до настоящего)

Гоночные автомобили

• AAC 815 (1940)
• Dino 166P/206P (1966)
• Dino 196S (1959)
• Dino 196SP (1962)
• Dino 206S (1958)
• Dino 206S/246P (1966—1967)
• Dino 246S (1960)
• Dino 246SP (1961)
• Dino 286SP (1962)
• Dino 296S (1958)
• Ferrari 225S (1952)
• Ferrari 248SP (1962)
• Ferrari 250S (1952)
• Ferrari 250MM (1952—1953)
• Ferrari 250 Monza (1954)
• 250 Testa Rossa (1957—1962)
• Ferrari 250P (1963)
• Ferrari 250LM (1963—1966)
• Ferrari 250S/MM/LM (1952/53-1963/66)
• Ferrari 250 GTO (1961—1964)
• Ferrari 268SP (1962)
• Ferrari 275S (1950)
• Ferrari 275P (1964)
• Ferrari 290 (1956/57)
• Ferrari 306S (1955)
• Ferrari 312S (1958)
• Ferrari 312P/PB (1969—1973)
• Ferrari 315 (1957)
• Ferrari 300TR/LM (1962)
• Ferrari 330 LMB (1963)
• Ferrari 330P/P4 (1964—1967)
• Ferrari 335 Sport (1957)
• Ferrari 340 Mexico (1953)
• Ferrari 340MM (1952)
• Ferrari 365P (1965—1966)
• Ferrari 375MM/375 Plus (1954)
• Ferrari 376S (1955)
• Ferrari 410 (1955—1956)
• Ferrari 446S (1955)
• 500 Mondial/Testa Rossa (1954—1956)
• Ferrari 512S (1970—1971)
• Ferrari 625 (1953—1956)
• Ferrari 735S (1953)
• Ferrari 750 Monza (1954—1955)
• Ferrari 860 Monza (1955—1956)

Прототипы и исследования дизайна

• 250 GT Zagato 3Z
• 250P5 (1968)
• 360 Barchetta
• 365 GTC4 Spider
• 512 BB
• F50 GT
• FX
• GG50
• 512 S Modulo (1970)
• Mythos
• Pinin (1976)
• PPG Pace Car (1987)
• Rosso
• Superfast I—IV (1956—1962)

Grand-Prix и F1 купе

• 125GP (1948/49)
• 125F1 (1949/50)
• Ferrari 275F1 (1950)
• Ferrari 375F1 (1950/51)
• Ferrari 212F1 (1951)
• Ferrari 500 (1952/53)
• Ferrari 625F1 (1954/55)
• Ferrari 553 Squalo (1953/54)
• Ferrari 555 Supersqualo (1955)
• Ferrari D50 (1956)
• Ferrari 801 (1957)
• Dino 246F1 (1957)
• Ferrari 156F1 (1961—1964)
• Ferrari 158F1 (1964/65)
• Ferrari 1512F1 (1964/65)
• Ferrari 312F1 (1966—1969)
• Ferrari 246F1 (1966)
• Ferrari 312B/B2/B3 (1970—1974)
• Ferrari 312T/T2/T3/T4/T5 (1974—1980)
• Ferrari 126C/C2/3/C4 (1980—1984)
• Ferrari 156/85 (1985)
• F1/86 — F1/88 (1986—1988)
• F1 640/641/642/643 (1989—1991)
• F92A + F93A (1992—1993)
• 412 T1/T1B/T2 (1994—1995)
• F310/F310B/F300/F399 (1996—1999)
• F1-2000 (2000)
• F2001F2002/F2003-GA/F2004/F2005 (2001—2005)
• 248 F1 (2006)
• F2007 (2007)
• F2008 (2008)
• F60 (2009)
• F10 (2010)
• F150th Italia (2011)
• Ferrari F2012 (2012)

2 местное купе

• 166F2 (1948—1950)
• Ferrari 500F2 (1952/53)
• Ferrari 553F2 Squalo (1953)
• Dino 156F2 (1957—1960)
• Dino 166F2 (1967—1970)

другие модели

• 166FL (1949—1950)
• Ferrari 125F1 Special (1951—1954)
• Ferrari 375 Indianapolis (1952—1954)
• Ferrari 625/750 (1954—1960)
• Ferrari 625 Tasman (1957—1960)
• Ferrari 555/860 (1956/57)
• Ferrari 296MI (1958)
• Ferrari 412MI (1958)
• Dino 246F1/250TR (1960—1962)
• Dino 246 Tasman (1969/70)

Дорожные модели Ferrari

Год	Модель
1948	166 Inter
1951	195 Inter
1951	212 Inter
1952	342 America
1953	250 Europa
1953	375 America
1954	250 GT
1956	410 Superamerica
1957	250 GT California
1959	250 GT Cabriolet
1960	400 Superamerica
1960	250 GT 2+2
1962	250 GTL
1964	275 GTB
1964	275 GTS
1964	330 GT 2+2
1964	500 Superfast
1966	275 GTB/4
1966	275 GTS/4
1966	330 GTC
1966	330 GTS
1966	365 P Speciale
1966	365 California
1967	365 GT 2+2
1967	Dino 206 GT
1968	365 GTC
1968	365 GTS
1968	Ferrari 365 GTB/4
1969	365 GTS/4
1969	Dino 246 GT
1969	Dino 246 GTS
1971	365 GTC4
1971	365 GT4 BB
1972	246 GTS
1972	365 GT4 2+2
1973	Dino 308 GT4
1975	Dino 208 GT4
1975	308 GTB
1976	308 GT4
1976	400 Automatic
1976	400 GT
1976	512 BB
1977	308 GTS
1979	400i Automatic
1979	400i GT
1980	208 GTB
1980	208 GTS
1980	308 GTBi
1980	308 GTSi
1980	Mondial 8
1981	512 BBi
1982	208 GTB Turbo
1982	208 GTS Turbo
1982	308 GTB Quattrovalvole
1982	308 GTS Quattrovalvole
1982	Mondial Quattrovalvole
1983	Mondial QV Cabriolet
1984	GTO
1984	Testarossa
1985	328 GTB
1985	328 GTS
1985	412 Automatic
1985	412 GT
1985	Mondial 3.2 GTB
1985	Mondial 3.2 GTS
1986	GTB Turbo
1986	GTS Turbo
1987	F40
1989	348 TB
1989	348 TS
1989	Mondial T
1989	Mondial T Cabriolet
1991	512 TR
1992	456 GT
1992	456 GTA
1993	348 GTB
1993	348 GTB
1993	348 GTS
1994	F355 Berlinetta
1994	F355 GTS
1994	F355 GTS
1995	F50
1995	F355 Spider
1996	550 Maranello
1997	355 F1 Berlinetta
1997	355 F1 GTS
1997	355 F1 Spider
1998	456M GT
1998	456M GTA
1999	[1]
2000	360 Spider
2001	550 Barchetta
2002	575M Maranello
2002	Enzo
2003	360 Challenge Stradale
2004	612 Scaglietti
2004	F430
2005	Ferrari F430 Spider
2005	575 Superamerica
2005	FXX
2006	612 Kappa
2006	P4/5
2007	599 GTB Fiorano
2007	612 Sessanta
2008	Ferrari SP1
2008	Ferrari 430 Scuderia
2008	California
2008	Scuderia Spider 16M
2009	599XX
2009	458 Italia
2010	P540 Superfast Aperta
2010	599 SA Aperta
2010	599 GTO
2011	Ferrari FF
2011	Ferrari Superamerica 45
2011	Ferrari 458 Spider
2012	Ferrari F12berlinetta
2012	Ferrari F150/F70

Примечания

• Фернандо Алонсо настроен на борьбу в Чемпионате, f-1sports.com.ua

См. также

• Ferrari (автогоночная команда)
• Ferrari F12berlinetta — дорожный флагман Феррари
• Ferrari 458 Italia — самая красивая модель Феррари за последние 50 лет^{[источник не указан 194 дня]}.
• Ferrari World — первый тематический парк Феррари (Абу-Даби, ОАЭ)

Ссылки

	Ferrari на Викискладе?

• История бренда (аудиоподкаст)
• Официальный сайт Феррари (на итальянском, английском и немецком)
• Парк Ferrari World
• Все о феррари  (рус.)
• История Феррари  (рус.)
• Новости Формулы 1  (рус.)
• Блог о феррари  (рус.)