Current season, competition or edition: 2023 Davis Cup |
|
Sport | Tennis |
---|---|
Founded | 1900; 123 years ago |
Founder | Dwight F. Davis |
No. of teams | 18 (World Group) |
Countries | ITF member nations |
Continent | Worldwide |
Most recent champion(s) |
Canada (1st title) |
Most titles | United States (32 titles) |
Official website | daviscup.com |
The 2018 Davis Cup Final – opening ceremony.
The Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men’s tennis. It is run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and is contested annually between teams from competing countries in a knock-out format. It is described by the organisers as the «World Cup of Tennis», and the winners are referred to as the World Champion team.[1] The competition began in 1900 as a challenge between Great Britain and the United States. By 2016, 135 nations entered teams into the competition.[2]
The most successful countries over the history of the tournament are the United States (winning 32 titles and finishing as runners-up 29 times) and Australia (winning 28 titles, including six with New Zealand as Australasia, and finishing as runners-up 19 times). The current champions are Canada, who beat Australia to win their first title in 2022.
The women’s equivalent of the Davis Cup is the Billie Jean King Cup, formerly known as the Fed Cup. Australia, Russia, the Czech Republic, and the United States are the only countries to have won both Davis Cup and Fed Cup titles in the same year.
The Davis Cup allowed only amateurs and national registered professional players (from 1968) to compete until 1973, five years after the start of the Open Era.[3]
As of September 2022, Russia and Belarus are suspended due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[4]
History[edit]
Davis Cup trophy displayed in the Český rozhlas headquarters, Prague-Vinohrady, 2012
The idea for a tournament pitting the best British and Americans in competition against one another was probably first conceived by James Dwight, the first president of the U.S. National Lawn Tennis Association when it formed in 1881. Desperate to assess the development of American players against the renowned British champions, he worked tirelessly to engage British officials in a properly sanctioned match, but failed to do so. He nevertheless tried to entice top international (particularly British) talent to the U.S. and sanctioned semi-official tours of the top American players to Great Britain.[5] Diplomatic relations between Great Britain and the United States on the tennis front had strengthened such that, by the mid-1890s, reciprocal tours were staged annually between players of the two nations, and an ensuing friendship between American William Larned and Irishman Harold Mahony spurred efforts to formalize an official team competition between the two nations.[6]
International competitions had been staged for some time before the first Davis Cup match in 1900. From 1892, England and Ireland had been competing in an annual national-team-based competition, similar to what would become the standard Davis Cup format, mixing single and doubles matches, and in 1895 England played against France in a national team competition.[7] During Larned’s tour of the British Isles in 1896, where he competed in several tournaments including the Wimbledon Championships, he was also a spectator for the annual England vs. Ireland match.
He returned to exclaim that Britain had agreed to send a group of three to the U.S. the following summer, which would represent the first British lawn tennis «team» to compete in the U.S. Coincidentally, some weeks before Larned left for his British tour, the idea for an international competition was discussed also between leading figures in American lawn tennis—one of whom was tennis journalist E.P. Fischer—at a tournament in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario.
American player Dwight Davis (center) in 1900 with the trophy he committed to build.
Dwight F. Davis was in attendance at this tournament, and was thought to have got wind of the idea as it was discussed in the tournament’s popular magazine, and Davis’s name was mentioned as someone who might ‘do something for the game … put up some big prize, or cup’.[8] Larned and Fischer met on several occasions that summer and discussed the idea of an international match to be held in Chicago the following summer, pitting six of the best British players against six of the best Americans, in a mixture of singles and doubles matches. This was discussed openly in two articles in the Chicago Tribune, but did not come to fruition.[9][10]
Nevertheless, the following summer, Great Britain—though not under the official auspices of the Lawn Tennis Association—sent three of its best players to compete in several US tournaments. Their relative poor performances convinced Dwight and other leading officials and figures in American lawn tennis that the time was right for a properly sanctioned international competition. This was to be staged in Newcastle in July 1898,[11] but the event never took place as the Americans could not field a sufficiently strong team. A reciprocal tour to the U.S. in 1899 amounted to just a single British player travelling overseas, as many of the players were involved in overseas armed conflicts.
It was at this juncture, in the summer of 1899, that four members of the Harvard University tennis team—Dwight Davis included—travelled across the States to challenge the best west-coast talent, and upon his return, it apparently occurred to Davis that if teams representing regions could arouse such great feelings, then why wouldn’t a tennis event that pitted national teams in competition be just as successful. He approached James Dwight with the idea, which was tentatively agreed, and he ordered an appropriate sterling silver punchbowl trophy from Shreve, Crump & Low, purchasing it from his own funds for about US$1,000.[12] They in turn commissioned a classically styled design from William B. Durgin’s of Concord, New Hampshire, crafted by the Englishman Rowland Rhodes.[13]
Beyond donating a trophy for the competition, Davis’s involvement in the incipient development of the tournament that came to bear his name was negligible, yet a persistent myth has emerged that Davis devised both the idea for an international tennis competition and its format of mixing singles and doubles matches. Research has shown this to be a myth,[14] similar in its exaggeration of a single individual’s efforts within a highly complex long-term development to the myths of William Webb Ellis and Abner Doubleday, who have both been wrongly credited with inventing rugby and baseball, respectively. Davis nevertheless went on to become a prominent politician in the United States in the 1920s, serving as US Secretary of War from 1925 to 1929 and as Governor-General of the Philippines from 1929 to 1932.
The first match, between the United States and Britain (competing as the «British Isles»), was held at the Longwood Cricket Club in Boston, Massachusetts in 1900. The American team, of which Dwight Davis was captain, surprised the British by winning the first three matches. The following year the two countries did not compete, but the US won the match in 1902 and Britain won the following four matches. By 1905 the tournament expanded to include Belgium, Austria, France, and Australasia, a combined team from Australia and New Zealand that competed together until 1914.
The tournament was initially titled the International Lawn Tennis Challenge although it soon became known as the Davis Cup, after Dwight Davis’ trophy. The Davis Cup competition was initially played as a challenge cup. All teams competed against one another for the right to face the previous year’s champion in the final round.
Beginning in 1923, the world’s teams were split into two zones: the «America Zone» and the «Europe Zone». The winners of the two zones met in the Inter-Zonal Zone («INZ») to decide which national team would challenge the defending champion for the cup. In 1955 a third zone, the «Eastern Zone», was added. Because there were three zones, the winner of one of the three zones received a bye in the first round of the INZ challenger rounds. In 1966, the «Europe Zone» was split into two zones, «Europe Zone A» and «Europe Zone B», so the winners of the four zones competed in the INZ challenger rounds.
Davis Cup draw, Australia, 1952
From 1950 to 1967, Australia dominated the competition, winning the Cup 15 times in 18 years.[15]
Beginning in 1972, the format was changed to a knockout tournament, so that the defending champion was required to compete in all rounds, and the Davis Cup was awarded to the tournament champion.
Up until 1973, the Davis Cup had only ever been won by the United States, Great Britain/British Isles, France and Australia/Australasia. Their domination was eventually broken in 1974 when South Africa and India made the final; however, the final was scratched and South Africa awarded the cup after India refused to travel to South Africa in protest of South Africa’s apartheid policies. The following year saw the first actual final between two «outsider» nations, when Sweden beat Czechoslovakia 3–2, and since then, many other countries have gone on to capture the trophy.
All contract professionals were not allowed to play in the Davis Cup until 1973. The tennis stars who turned professional prior to the Open Era (pre-1968) were not allowed to compete in the Davis Cup despite the fact that the Grand Slam tournaments and most tennis tournaments became Open Era events in 1968. From 1968 national registered professionals were allowed to compete under the control of their national tennis associations. In 1973 Australian players like Rod Laver and Ken Rosewall were allowed to play in the Davis Cup for the first time since 1962 (for Laver) and since 1956 (for Rosewall).[3]
In 1981, a tiered system of competition was created, in which the 16 best national teams compete in the World Group and all other national teams compete in one of four groups in one of three regional zones. In 1989, the tiebreak was introduced into Davis Cup competition, and from 2016 it is used in all five sets.[16]
In 2018, the ITF voted to change the format of the competition from 2019 onwards, changing it to an 18-team event to happen at the end of the season, with 71% of ITF member federations voting in favour of the change. The new format, backed by footballer Gerard Piqué and Japanese businessman Hiroshi Mikitani, was likened to a world cup of tennis and was designed to be more attractive to sponsors and broadcasters. Opposing federations included those from Australia, Germany, and Great Britain. Support for the reform was also mixed among current and former players, with some such as Novak Djokovic and Rafael Nadal being in favour of the new format, but others such as Rod Laver, Lucas Pouille and Roger Federer being opposed.[17][18][19][20]
Davis Cup games have been affected by political protests several times, especially in Sweden:
- The match between Sweden and Rhodesia 1968 was supposed to be played in Båstad but was moved to Bandol, France, due to protests against the Rhodesian white minority government of Ian Smith.
- The Swedish government tried to stop the match between Chile and Sweden in 1975 in Båstad, due to violations of human rights in Chile. The match was played, even while 7,000 people protested against it outside.
- After the 2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict, 6,000 people protested against Israel outside the Malmö city Davis Cup match between Sweden and Israel in March 2009.[21] The Malmö Municipality politicians were concerned about extremists, and decided due to security reasons to only let a small audience in.[22]
Russia and Belarus were suspended after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[4]
Format[edit]
Tournament[edit]
The 18 best national teams are assigned to the World Group and compete annually for the Davis Cup. Nations which are not in the World Group compete in one of three regional zones (Americas, Asia/Oceania, and Europe/Africa). The competition is spread over four weekends during the year. Each elimination round between competing nations is held in one of the countries, and is played as the best of five matches (4 singles, 1 doubles). The ITF determines the host countries for all possible matchups before each year’s tournament.
The World Group is the top group and includes the world’s best 18 national teams. Teams in the World Group play a four-round elimination tournament. Teams are seeded based on a ranking system released by the ITF, taking into account previous years’ results. The defending champion and runner-up are always the top two seeds in the tournament. The losers of the first-round matches are sent to the World Group playoff round, where they play along with winners from Group I of the regional zones. The playoff round winners play in the World Group for the next year’s tournament, while the losers play in Group I of their respective regional zone.
Each of the three regional zones is divided into four groups. Groups I and II play elimination rounds, with the losing teams facing relegation to the next-lower group. The teams in Groups III and those in Group IV play a round-robin tournament with promotion and relegation.
2019 modifications[edit]
For the 2019 edition, the format of the cup is changed.[23] The main modification is the World Group taking place at one location and in one week, with eighteen teams divided in six round-robin groups of three teams each, with the winners of the groups and the two best second places advancing to quarterfinals. The series between the teams in this stage will feature two singles matches and one doubles match, instead of the best-of-5 series, with the matches changing from best of 5 sets to best of 3. As the World Group will now take place as one single tournament, this event has been named as the Davis Cup Finals. The lower zone groups I and II will be composed of single ties deciding promotion or relegation.
Structure[edit]
Level | Group(s) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | World Group
18 countries |
|||
2 | Group One Americas Zone
6 countries |
Group One Europe/Africa Zone
11 countries |
Group One Asia/Oceania Zone
7 countries |
|
3 | Group Two Americas Zone
8 countries |
Group Two Europe/Africa Zone
16 countries |
Group Two Asia/Oceania Zone
8 countries |
|
4 | Group Three Americas Zone
9 countries |
Group Three Europe Zone
15 countries |
Group Three Africa Zone
10 countries |
Group Three Asia/Oceania Zone
9 countries |
5 | Group Four Asia/Oceania Zone
11 countries |
Note: The total number of nations in Group One is 24. However, the distribution among the three zones may vary each year, according to the number of nations promoted or relegated between Group One and the World Group. The number of nations in the World Group and Group One together is 22 from Euro/Africa Zone, 9 from Americas Zone and 9 from Asia/Oceania Zone.
Ties and rubbers[edit]
As in other cup competitions tie is used in the Davis Cup to mean an elimination round. In the Davis Cup, the word rubber means an individual match.
In the annual World Group competition, 16 nations compete in eight first-round ties; the eight winners compete in four quarterfinal ties; the four winners compete in two semifinal ties; and the two winners compete in the final tie.
Each tie consists of five rubbers, which are played in three days (usually on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday). The winner of the tie is the nation which wins three or more of the five rubbers in the tie. On the first day, the first two rubbers are singles, which are generally played by each nation’s two best available singles players. On the second day, the doubles rubber is played. On the third day, the final two rubbers are typically reverse singles, in which the first-day contestants usually play again, but they swap opponents from the first day’s singles rubbers. However, in certain circumstances, the team captain may replace one or two of the players who played the singles on Friday by other players who were nominated for the tie. For example, if the tie has already been decided in favour of one of the teams, it is common for younger or lower-ranked team members to play the remaining dead rubbers in order for them to gain Davis Cup experience.
Since 2011, if a nation has a winning 3–1 lead after the first reverse single match and that match has gone to four sets or more, then the remaining reverse single match which is a dead rubber is not played. All five rubbers are played if one nation has a winning 3–0 lead after the doubles match.[24]
Ties are played at a venue chosen by one of the competing countries. The right of choice is given on an alternating basis. Therefore, countries play in the country where the last tie between the teams was not held. In case the two countries have not met since 1970, lots are drawn to determine the host country.[25]
Venues in the World Group must comply with certain minimum standards, including a minimum seating capacity as follows:[26]
- World Group play-offs: 4,000
- World Group first round: 4,000
- World Group quarterfinals: 6,000
- World Group semifinals: 8,000
- World Group final: 12,000
Captain[edit]
Prior to each tie, the captain (non-playing coach appointed by the national association) nominates a squad of four players and decides who will compete in the tie. On the day before play starts, the order of play for the first day is drawn at random. In the past, teams could substitute final day singles players only in case of injury or illness, verified by a doctor, but current rules permit the captain to designate any player to play the last two singles rubbers, provided that no first day matchup is repeated. There is no restriction on which of the playing team members may play the doubles rubber: the two singles players, two other players (usually doubles specialists) or a combination.
Each rubber is normally played as best of five sets. Since 2016, all sets use a tiebreak at 6–6 if necessary (formerly, the fifth set usually had no tiebreaker, so play continued until one side won by two games e.g. 10–8). However, if a team has clinched the tie before all five rubbers have been completed, the remaining rubbers may be shortened to best of three sets, with a tiebreak if necessary to decide all three sets.
In Group III and Group IV competitions, each tie consists only of three rubbers, which include two singles and one doubles rubber, which is played in a single day. The rubbers are in the best of three sets format, with a tie breaker if necessary to decide all three sets.
Records and statistics[edit]
Performance by team[edit]
Country | Winners | Runners-up |
---|---|---|
United States[a] | 1900, 1902, 1913, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1937, 1938, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1954, 1958, 1963, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1978, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1990, 1992, 1995, 2007 (32) | 1903, 1905, 1906, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1914, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1935, 1939, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1964, 1973, 1984, 1991, 1997, 2004 (29) |
Australasia Australia[a] |
1907, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1914, 1919, 1939, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1973, 1977, 1983, 1986, 1999, 2003 (28) | 1912, 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1936, 1938, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1954, 1958, 1963, 1968, 1990, 1993, 2000, 2001, 2022 (20) |
France[a] | 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2017 (10) | 1925, 1926, 1933, 1982, 1999, 2002, 2010, 2014, 2018 (9) |
Great Britain[a] | 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1912, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 2015 (10) | 1900, 1902, 1907, 1913, 1919, 1931, 1937, 1978 (8) |
Sweden | 1975, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1994, 1997, 1998 (7) | 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1996 (5) |
Spain[a] | 2000, 2004, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2019 (6) | 1965, 1967, 2003, 2012 (4) |
Russia[a] Russian Tennis Federation[b] |
2002, 2006, 2021 (3) | 1994, 1995, 2007 (3) |
Czechoslovakia[a] Czech Republic[a] |
1980, 2012, 2013 (3) | 1975, 2009 (2) |
West Germany[a] Germany[a] |
1988, 1989, 1993 (3) | 1970, 1985 (2) |
Croatia | 2005, 2018 (2) | 2016, 2021 (2) |
Italy[a] | 1976 (1) | 1960, 1961, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1998 (6) |
Argentina | 2016 (1) | 1981, 2006, 2008, 2011 (4) |
Canada[a] | 2022 (1) | 2019 (1) |
Serbia | 2010 (1) | 2013 (1) |
Switzerland | 2014 (1) | 1992 (1) |
South Africa | 1974 (1) | — |
Romania | — | 1969, 1971, 1972 (3) |
India | — | 1966, 1974, 1987 (3) |
Belgium | — | 1904, 2015, 2017 (3) |
Japan | — | 1921 (1) |
Mexico | — | 1962 (1) |
Chile | — | 1976 (1) |
Slovakia | — | 2005 (1) |
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Won both the Davis Cup and the Junior Davis Cup titles.
- ^ The team from Russia was not permitted to use the Russian name, flag, or anthem in 2021; it won the Finals as the team of the Russian Tennis Federation (RTF), and used the flag of the RTF.
Titles by country (since 1972)[edit]
Country | Titles | First | Last |
---|---|---|---|
United States | 9 | 1972 | 2007 |
Sweden | 7 | 1975 | 1998 |
Australia | 6 | 1973 | 2003 |
Spain | 6 | 2000 | 2019 |
France | 4 | 1991 | 2017 |
West Germany Germany |
3 | 1988 | 1993 |
Czechoslovakia Czech Republic |
3 | 1980 | 2013 |
Russia | 3 | 2002 | 2021 |
Croatia | 2 | 2005 | 2018 |
South Africa | 1 | 1974 | |
Italy | 1 | 1976 | |
Serbia | 1 | 2010 | |
Switzerland | 1 | 2014 | |
Great Britain | 1 | 2015 | |
Argentina | 1 | 2016 | |
Canada | 1 | 2022 |
- Consecutive titles
- All-time: 7, United States, 1920–1926
- Post-Challenge Round: 2; United States, 1978–79, 1981–82; Sweden, 1984–85, 1997–98; West Germany, 1988–89; Spain, 2008–09; Czech Republic, 2012–13
- Consecutive finals appearances
- All-time: 23, Australia, 1946–1968
- Post-Challenge Round: 7, Sweden, 1983–1989
- Most games in a tie
- All-time: 327, India 3–2 Australia, 1974 Eastern Zone final
- World Group (before tiebreak): 281, Paraguay 3–2 France, 1985 first round
- World Group (since tiebreak): 281, Romania 3–2 Ecuador, 2003 World Group play-offs
Years in World Group[edit]
- USA 37
- Czech Republic 36
- France 36
- Germany 35
- Spain 32
- Australia 31
- Sweden 31
- Italy 27
- Switzerland 27
- Russia 26
- Argentina 25
- Belgium 20
- Netherlands 19
- Austria 17
- Great Britain 17
- Croatia 16
- Romania 14
- Brazil 13
- India 13
- Serbia 11
- Canada 10
- Israel 10
- Mexico 10
- Chile 9
- Denmark 9
- Japan 8
- New Zealand 8
- Kazakhstan 7
- Paraguay 7
- Slovakia 7
- Ecuador 5
- Belarus 4
- South Africa 4
- Hungary 3
- Morocco 3
- South Korea 3
- Zimbabwe 3
- Indonesia 2
- Cuba 1
- Ireland 1
- Peru 1
- Poland 1
Most wins in World Group[edit]
Country | # | |
---|---|---|
1. | USA | 64 |
2. | France | 58 |
3. | Sweden | 56 |
4. | Australia | 50 |
5. | Spain | 40 |
6. | Argentina | 39 |
7. | Czech Republic | 37 |
8. | Germany | 33 |
9. | Russia | 28 |
10. | Italy | 22 |
Results by nation[edit]
World Group[edit]
- ^ until 1992 Czechoslovakia
- ^ until 1989 West Germany
- ^ until 1992 Soviet Union, 1993 CIS
- ^ until 2003 Yugoslavia, 2004–2006 Serbia and Montenegro
Finals[edit]
Country | App | Won | 2019 | 2021 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Argentina | 2 | 0 | QF | – | RR |
Australia | 3 | 0 | QF | RR | F |
Austria | 1 | 0 | – | RR | – |
Belgium | 2 | 0 | RR | – | RR |
Canada | 3 | 1 | F | RR | W |
Chile | 1 | 0 | RR | – | – |
Colombia | 2 | 0 | RR | RR | – |
Croatia | 3 | 0 | RR | F | SF |
Czech Republic | 1 | 0 | – | RR | – |
Ecuador | 1 | 0 | – | RR | – |
France | 3 | 0 | RR | RR | RR |
Germany | 3 | 0 | QF | SF | QF |
Great Britain | 3 | 0 | SF | QF | RR |
Hungary | 1 | 0 | – | RR | – |
Italy | 3 | 0 | RR | QF | SF |
Japan | 1 | 0 | RR | – | – |
Kazakhstan | 3 | 0 | RR | QF | RR |
Netherlands | 2 | 0 | RR | – | QF |
Russia/ RTF | 2 | 1 | SF | W | – |
Serbia | 3 | 0 | QF | SF | RR |
South Korea | 1 | 0 | – | – | RR |
Spain | 3 | 1 | W | RR | QF |
Sweden | 2 | 0 | – | QF | RR |
United States | 3 | 0 | RR | RR | QF |
Individual[edit]
- Most titles as a player;
- Roy Emerson; Australia; 8 titles (1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967)
- Most titles as captain;
- Harry Hopman; Australia; 16 titles (1939, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967)
- Youngest player[27]
- Marco De Rossi; San Marino; 13 years, 319 days (12 May 2011)[a]
- ^ Players must now be aged 14 and over.
- Oldest player[27]
- Vittorio Pellandra; San Marino; 66 years, 104 days (11 May 2007)
- Most years played
- 30, Leander Paes, India (1990–2010, 2012–2020)
- Most ties played[27]
- 93, Domenico Vicini, San Marino (1993–2015)
- Most rubbers played[27]
- 164, Nicola Pietrangeli, Italy (1954–1972)
- Most rubbers won[27]
- Total: 120, Nicola Pietrangeli, Italy
- Singles: 78, Nicola Pietrangeli, Italy
- Doubles: 45, Leander Paes, India
Current ITF Davis Cup ranking[edit]
For more information, see ITF rankings
ITF Davis Cup Nations Ranking, as of 28 November 2022[28] |
|||
---|---|---|---|
# | Nation | Points | Move† |
1 | Croatia | 968.38 | |
2 | Spain | 693.25 | |
3 | France | 628.00 | |
4 | Canada | 565.75 | 2 |
5 | United States | 490.34 | 1 |
6 | Germany | 485.09 | 1 |
7 | Italy | 473.00 | |
8 | Australia | 430.25 | 3 |
9 | Great Britain | 398.00 | 1 |
10 | Serbia | 388.25 | 1 |
11 | Kazakhstan | 378.13 | 1 |
12 | Belgium | 365.00 | |
13 | Sweden | 360.81 | |
14 | Netherlands | 356.13 | |
15 | Argentina | 348.75 | |
16 | Russia (suspended) | 337.75 | |
17 | Czech Republic | 332.75 | |
18 | Austria | 324.76 | |
19 | Colombia | 324.75 | |
20 | Japan | 310.00 |
†Change since previous ranking update
Broadcasters[edit]
Country/region | Broadcaster | Ref | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Free | Pay | Summary | ||
International | Rakuten TV | 25 matches at the finals | [29][30] | |
Argentina | TyC Sports | Selected matches (including the finals round, all matches for Argentina team) | ||
Australia | Nine | beIN Sports |
|
[31] |
France | TF1 | [32] | ||
MENA
|
||||
Austria | ServusTV | DAZN |
|
[33] |
Brazil | ||||
Germany | DOSB | |||
Switzerland | ||||
Japan | ||||
Wowow | Japan matches only | |||
Rakuten | ||||
Belarus | Belteleradio | Belarus matches only | ||
Belgium | VRT | Belgium matches only | ||
RTBF | ||||
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sport Klub | |||
Croatia | HRT | |||
Montenegro | ||||
North Macedonia | ||||
Serbia | ||||
Canada | Sportsnet (English) | [34] | ||
TVA Sports (French) | ||||
China | iQiyi | Selected qualifiers, with all 25 finals | ||
Colombia | Win Sports | Qualifiers (Colombia matches only), with selected matches at the finals | ||
Chile | TVN | Claro |
|
[35][36] |
Ecuador | ||||
Paraguay | ||||
Uruguay | ||||
Central America
|
Sky Sports | Selected qualifiers, with all 25 finals | ||
Dominican Republic | ||||
Mexico | ||||
Czech Republic | ČT | Czech Republic matches only on Sport | ||
Denmark | Eurosport |
|
[37] | |
Finland | ||||
Iceland | ||||
India | ||||
Ireland | ||||
Norway | ||||
Sweden | STF | |||
United Kingdom | ||||
Hungary | MTVA | Hungary matches only | ||
Indonesia | Mola TV | 25 matches at the finals | [38] | |
Timor-Leste | ||||
Israel | Sport 5 | Selected matches, with all 25 finals | ||
Italy | SuperTennis | Live coverage on TV for Italy team matches plus a final, selected non-Italy group matches on Facebook | [39] | |
Kazakhstan | QAZTRK | Kazakhstan team matches only, including the finals round, live on Qazsport | [40] | |
Netherlands | Ziggo | All matches | [41] | |
New Zealand | Sky Sport | Selected matches, with all 25 finals | ||
Pakistan | PTV Sports (Terrestrial) | PTV Sports | 2020 Davis Cup World Group I (Pakistan Match Only) | [42] |
Portugal | Sport TV | All matches | [43] | |
Russia | Okko Sport | All matches | ||
Singapore | StarHub TV | Selected matches, with all 25 finals | [44] | |
Slovakia | RTVS | Slovakia matches only on :2 | ||
Spain | Movistar+ | 25 matches at the finals | ||
United States | CBS Sports | USA matches only | ||
Fox Sports | USA team matches at the finals round only, plus final match |
See also[edit]
- Junior Davis Cup and Junior Billie Jean King Cup
- List of Davis Cup champions
- Billie Jean King Cup
- ATP Cup
- Hopman Cup
- Davis Cup Tennis, a video game based on the event
- History of tennis
References[edit]
- ^ «Andy Murray wins Davis Cup for Great Britain». BBC Sport. 23 November 2015. Archived from the original on 28 November 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
- ^ «Davis Cup Format». www.daviscup.com. Archived from the original on 5 January 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
In 2016, 130 nations have entered Davis Cup by BNP Paribas
- ^ a b «40 Years Ago: Look Out, Cleveland». www.tennis.com. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ^ a b «Davis Cup – Rankings». www.daviscup.com. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
- ^ Gillmeister, Heiner (1998). Tennis: A Cultural History. New York: New York University Press. pp. 213–214. ISBN 978-0814731215.
- ^ Eaves, Simon J.; Lake, Robert J. (2016). «The ‘Ubiquitous Apostle of International Play’, Wilberforce Vaughan Eaves: The Forgotten Internationalist of Lawn Tennis» (PDF). The International Journal of the History of Sport. 33 (16): 1963–1981. doi:10.1080/09523367.2017.1295957. S2CID 159668658. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
- ^ Lake, Robert J. (2015). A Social History of Tennis in Britain. London: Routledge. pp. 70–71. ISBN 978-0415684309.
- ^ Gillmeister, Heiner (1998). Tennis: A Cultural History. New York: New York University Press. pp. 258. ISBN 978-0814731215.
- ^ «Tennis of Two Nations». Chicago Tribune: 10. 3 September 1896.
- ^ «Tennis from Far Shores». Chicago Tribune: 8. 28 September 1896.
- ^ «American Players Abroad». American Lawn Tennis: 89. 27 April 1898.
- ^ John Grasso (2011). Davis Cup. Historical Dictionary of Tennis. Scarecrow Press. p. 79. ISBN 978-0810874909. Archived from the original on 28 May 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
- ^ «Davis Cup Grows by a Third». daviscup.com. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
- ^ Eaves, Simon J.; Lake, Robert J. (2018). «Dwight Davis and the Foundation of the Davis Cup in Tennis: Just Another Doubleday Myth?». Journal of Sport History. 45 (1): 1–23. doi:10.5406/jsporthistory.45.1.0001. S2CID 158171573. Archived from the original on 11 September 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018 – via Project MUSE.
- ^ «History – Davis Cup – Pro Tournaments – News and Events – Tennis Australia». Tennis Australia. Archived from the original on 8 March 2018. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
- ^ «Davis Cup set for fifth set tiebreak in 2016». Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
- ^ «Davis Cup reform: Nations vote for 18-team season-ending event». BBC Sport. 16 August 2018. Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
- ^ Bodo, Peter (16 August 2018). «Here’s everything you need to know about the massive Davis Cup overhaul». ESPN. Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
- ^ «Tennis greats tear into Davis Cup overhaul». news.com.au. 17 August 2018. Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
- ^ Briggs, Simon (29 August 2018). «Davis Cup should not become the Pique Cup, warns Roger Federer». The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 30 August 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
- ^ 6,000 join Malmö Davis Cup protest Archived 23 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine. The Local 7 March 2009.
- ^ Crowd ban ‘risks bolstering extremists’ Archived 3 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine. The Local 7 March 2009.
- ^ «Historic Davis Cup reforms approved at AGM». Daviscup.com. Archived from the original on 23 November 2018. Retrieved 16 September 2018.
- ^ «ITF revises Davis Cup dead rubber policy». DavisCup.com. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
- ^ «Davis Cup Rules & Regulations – 2012 (English)». Archived from the original on 20 November 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
- ^ «Davis Cup Rules». Archived from the original on 20 September 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
- ^ a b c d e «History – Records». Davis Cup. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
- ^ «Nations Ranking». daviscup.com. International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- ^ «Davis Cup by Rakuten Madrid Finals to be broadcast in more than 171 countries». Davis Cup. 7 November 2019. Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Where to Watch the Davis Cup Qualifiers». Davis Cup. 27 February 2020. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
- ^ «Watch live this week on beIN SPORTS». beIN Sports-au. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Tennis returns to TF1 in Davis Cup Finals deal». SportBusiness Media. 2 September 2019. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- ^ «DAZN adds Davis Cup rights in Brazil». SportBusiness Media. 15 November 2019. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Davis Cup Finals: What you need to know about Canada’s competition – Sportsnet.ca». Sportsnet. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
- ^ «Copa Davis 2019: TV, fechas, horarios y dónde ver online». AS.com (in Spanish). 18 November 2019. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
- ^ TVN (24 November 2019). «Únete a la transmisión de la final de la #CopaDavisXTVN: Canadá y España lo darán todo para proclamarse campeones del mundo Síguelo por TVN». Twitter (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 24 November 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
- ^ «Eurosport to deliver re-vamped Davis Cup Finals event in multiple markets across Europe». Davis Cup. Archived from the original on 13 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Mola TV on Instagram: «Davis Cup atau Piala Davis 2019 yang menjadi edisi ke-108 turnamen tenis putra antar tim nasional dimodifikasi menjadi sangat menarik,…»«. Instagram. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Davis Cup Finals: tutte le dirette di SuperTennis fino a domenica». Italian Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
- ^ «ТЕННИС. Дэвис Кубогі». Qazsport. Archived from the original on 13 January 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
- ^ Ziggo Sport (18 November 2019). «Vandaag kun je al genieten van Davis Cup Switch vanaf 15.00 uur op Ziggo Sport Extra! Dinsdagochtend is Nederland in de Davis Cup Finals aan de beurt tegen Kazachstan. Kijk vanaf 11.00 live mee op Ziggo Sport kanaal 14 en Select». Twitter (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 18 November 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
- ^ «Davis Cup 2020 World Group 1 PAKvsJAP». Facebook. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
- ^ «Davis Cup Finals com cobertura exaustiva em Portugal». Bola Amarela Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). 17 November 2019. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
- ^ hermes (20 November 2019). «Next 48 Hours». The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 1 January 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Davis Cup.
- Official website
- Davis Cup live streaming website
- Davis Cup 2019 TV Channels Rights Archived 28 October 2019 at the Wayback Machine
Current season, competition or edition: 2023 Davis Cup |
|
Sport | Tennis |
---|---|
Founded | 1900; 123 years ago |
Founder | Dwight F. Davis |
No. of teams | 18 (World Group) |
Countries | ITF member nations |
Continent | Worldwide |
Most recent champion(s) |
Canada (1st title) |
Most titles | United States (32 titles) |
Official website | daviscup.com |
The 2018 Davis Cup Final – opening ceremony.
The Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men’s tennis. It is run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and is contested annually between teams from competing countries in a knock-out format. It is described by the organisers as the «World Cup of Tennis», and the winners are referred to as the World Champion team.[1] The competition began in 1900 as a challenge between Great Britain and the United States. By 2016, 135 nations entered teams into the competition.[2]
The most successful countries over the history of the tournament are the United States (winning 32 titles and finishing as runners-up 29 times) and Australia (winning 28 titles, including six with New Zealand as Australasia, and finishing as runners-up 19 times). The current champions are Canada, who beat Australia to win their first title in 2022.
The women’s equivalent of the Davis Cup is the Billie Jean King Cup, formerly known as the Fed Cup. Australia, Russia, the Czech Republic, and the United States are the only countries to have won both Davis Cup and Fed Cup titles in the same year.
The Davis Cup allowed only amateurs and national registered professional players (from 1968) to compete until 1973, five years after the start of the Open Era.[3]
As of September 2022, Russia and Belarus are suspended due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[4]
History[edit]
Davis Cup trophy displayed in the Český rozhlas headquarters, Prague-Vinohrady, 2012
The idea for a tournament pitting the best British and Americans in competition against one another was probably first conceived by James Dwight, the first president of the U.S. National Lawn Tennis Association when it formed in 1881. Desperate to assess the development of American players against the renowned British champions, he worked tirelessly to engage British officials in a properly sanctioned match, but failed to do so. He nevertheless tried to entice top international (particularly British) talent to the U.S. and sanctioned semi-official tours of the top American players to Great Britain.[5] Diplomatic relations between Great Britain and the United States on the tennis front had strengthened such that, by the mid-1890s, reciprocal tours were staged annually between players of the two nations, and an ensuing friendship between American William Larned and Irishman Harold Mahony spurred efforts to formalize an official team competition between the two nations.[6]
International competitions had been staged for some time before the first Davis Cup match in 1900. From 1892, England and Ireland had been competing in an annual national-team-based competition, similar to what would become the standard Davis Cup format, mixing single and doubles matches, and in 1895 England played against France in a national team competition.[7] During Larned’s tour of the British Isles in 1896, where he competed in several tournaments including the Wimbledon Championships, he was also a spectator for the annual England vs. Ireland match.
He returned to exclaim that Britain had agreed to send a group of three to the U.S. the following summer, which would represent the first British lawn tennis «team» to compete in the U.S. Coincidentally, some weeks before Larned left for his British tour, the idea for an international competition was discussed also between leading figures in American lawn tennis—one of whom was tennis journalist E.P. Fischer—at a tournament in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario.
American player Dwight Davis (center) in 1900 with the trophy he committed to build.
Dwight F. Davis was in attendance at this tournament, and was thought to have got wind of the idea as it was discussed in the tournament’s popular magazine, and Davis’s name was mentioned as someone who might ‘do something for the game … put up some big prize, or cup’.[8] Larned and Fischer met on several occasions that summer and discussed the idea of an international match to be held in Chicago the following summer, pitting six of the best British players against six of the best Americans, in a mixture of singles and doubles matches. This was discussed openly in two articles in the Chicago Tribune, but did not come to fruition.[9][10]
Nevertheless, the following summer, Great Britain—though not under the official auspices of the Lawn Tennis Association—sent three of its best players to compete in several US tournaments. Their relative poor performances convinced Dwight and other leading officials and figures in American lawn tennis that the time was right for a properly sanctioned international competition. This was to be staged in Newcastle in July 1898,[11] but the event never took place as the Americans could not field a sufficiently strong team. A reciprocal tour to the U.S. in 1899 amounted to just a single British player travelling overseas, as many of the players were involved in overseas armed conflicts.
It was at this juncture, in the summer of 1899, that four members of the Harvard University tennis team—Dwight Davis included—travelled across the States to challenge the best west-coast talent, and upon his return, it apparently occurred to Davis that if teams representing regions could arouse such great feelings, then why wouldn’t a tennis event that pitted national teams in competition be just as successful. He approached James Dwight with the idea, which was tentatively agreed, and he ordered an appropriate sterling silver punchbowl trophy from Shreve, Crump & Low, purchasing it from his own funds for about US$1,000.[12] They in turn commissioned a classically styled design from William B. Durgin’s of Concord, New Hampshire, crafted by the Englishman Rowland Rhodes.[13]
Beyond donating a trophy for the competition, Davis’s involvement in the incipient development of the tournament that came to bear his name was negligible, yet a persistent myth has emerged that Davis devised both the idea for an international tennis competition and its format of mixing singles and doubles matches. Research has shown this to be a myth,[14] similar in its exaggeration of a single individual’s efforts within a highly complex long-term development to the myths of William Webb Ellis and Abner Doubleday, who have both been wrongly credited with inventing rugby and baseball, respectively. Davis nevertheless went on to become a prominent politician in the United States in the 1920s, serving as US Secretary of War from 1925 to 1929 and as Governor-General of the Philippines from 1929 to 1932.
The first match, between the United States and Britain (competing as the «British Isles»), was held at the Longwood Cricket Club in Boston, Massachusetts in 1900. The American team, of which Dwight Davis was captain, surprised the British by winning the first three matches. The following year the two countries did not compete, but the US won the match in 1902 and Britain won the following four matches. By 1905 the tournament expanded to include Belgium, Austria, France, and Australasia, a combined team from Australia and New Zealand that competed together until 1914.
The tournament was initially titled the International Lawn Tennis Challenge although it soon became known as the Davis Cup, after Dwight Davis’ trophy. The Davis Cup competition was initially played as a challenge cup. All teams competed against one another for the right to face the previous year’s champion in the final round.
Beginning in 1923, the world’s teams were split into two zones: the «America Zone» and the «Europe Zone». The winners of the two zones met in the Inter-Zonal Zone («INZ») to decide which national team would challenge the defending champion for the cup. In 1955 a third zone, the «Eastern Zone», was added. Because there were three zones, the winner of one of the three zones received a bye in the first round of the INZ challenger rounds. In 1966, the «Europe Zone» was split into two zones, «Europe Zone A» and «Europe Zone B», so the winners of the four zones competed in the INZ challenger rounds.
Davis Cup draw, Australia, 1952
From 1950 to 1967, Australia dominated the competition, winning the Cup 15 times in 18 years.[15]
Beginning in 1972, the format was changed to a knockout tournament, so that the defending champion was required to compete in all rounds, and the Davis Cup was awarded to the tournament champion.
Up until 1973, the Davis Cup had only ever been won by the United States, Great Britain/British Isles, France and Australia/Australasia. Their domination was eventually broken in 1974 when South Africa and India made the final; however, the final was scratched and South Africa awarded the cup after India refused to travel to South Africa in protest of South Africa’s apartheid policies. The following year saw the first actual final between two «outsider» nations, when Sweden beat Czechoslovakia 3–2, and since then, many other countries have gone on to capture the trophy.
All contract professionals were not allowed to play in the Davis Cup until 1973. The tennis stars who turned professional prior to the Open Era (pre-1968) were not allowed to compete in the Davis Cup despite the fact that the Grand Slam tournaments and most tennis tournaments became Open Era events in 1968. From 1968 national registered professionals were allowed to compete under the control of their national tennis associations. In 1973 Australian players like Rod Laver and Ken Rosewall were allowed to play in the Davis Cup for the first time since 1962 (for Laver) and since 1956 (for Rosewall).[3]
In 1981, a tiered system of competition was created, in which the 16 best national teams compete in the World Group and all other national teams compete in one of four groups in one of three regional zones. In 1989, the tiebreak was introduced into Davis Cup competition, and from 2016 it is used in all five sets.[16]
In 2018, the ITF voted to change the format of the competition from 2019 onwards, changing it to an 18-team event to happen at the end of the season, with 71% of ITF member federations voting in favour of the change. The new format, backed by footballer Gerard Piqué and Japanese businessman Hiroshi Mikitani, was likened to a world cup of tennis and was designed to be more attractive to sponsors and broadcasters. Opposing federations included those from Australia, Germany, and Great Britain. Support for the reform was also mixed among current and former players, with some such as Novak Djokovic and Rafael Nadal being in favour of the new format, but others such as Rod Laver, Lucas Pouille and Roger Federer being opposed.[17][18][19][20]
Davis Cup games have been affected by political protests several times, especially in Sweden:
- The match between Sweden and Rhodesia 1968 was supposed to be played in Båstad but was moved to Bandol, France, due to protests against the Rhodesian white minority government of Ian Smith.
- The Swedish government tried to stop the match between Chile and Sweden in 1975 in Båstad, due to violations of human rights in Chile. The match was played, even while 7,000 people protested against it outside.
- After the 2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict, 6,000 people protested against Israel outside the Malmö city Davis Cup match between Sweden and Israel in March 2009.[21] The Malmö Municipality politicians were concerned about extremists, and decided due to security reasons to only let a small audience in.[22]
Russia and Belarus were suspended after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[4]
Format[edit]
Tournament[edit]
The 18 best national teams are assigned to the World Group and compete annually for the Davis Cup. Nations which are not in the World Group compete in one of three regional zones (Americas, Asia/Oceania, and Europe/Africa). The competition is spread over four weekends during the year. Each elimination round between competing nations is held in one of the countries, and is played as the best of five matches (4 singles, 1 doubles). The ITF determines the host countries for all possible matchups before each year’s tournament.
The World Group is the top group and includes the world’s best 18 national teams. Teams in the World Group play a four-round elimination tournament. Teams are seeded based on a ranking system released by the ITF, taking into account previous years’ results. The defending champion and runner-up are always the top two seeds in the tournament. The losers of the first-round matches are sent to the World Group playoff round, where they play along with winners from Group I of the regional zones. The playoff round winners play in the World Group for the next year’s tournament, while the losers play in Group I of their respective regional zone.
Each of the three regional zones is divided into four groups. Groups I and II play elimination rounds, with the losing teams facing relegation to the next-lower group. The teams in Groups III and those in Group IV play a round-robin tournament with promotion and relegation.
2019 modifications[edit]
For the 2019 edition, the format of the cup is changed.[23] The main modification is the World Group taking place at one location and in one week, with eighteen teams divided in six round-robin groups of three teams each, with the winners of the groups and the two best second places advancing to quarterfinals. The series between the teams in this stage will feature two singles matches and one doubles match, instead of the best-of-5 series, with the matches changing from best of 5 sets to best of 3. As the World Group will now take place as one single tournament, this event has been named as the Davis Cup Finals. The lower zone groups I and II will be composed of single ties deciding promotion or relegation.
Structure[edit]
Level | Group(s) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | World Group
18 countries |
|||
2 | Group One Americas Zone
6 countries |
Group One Europe/Africa Zone
11 countries |
Group One Asia/Oceania Zone
7 countries |
|
3 | Group Two Americas Zone
8 countries |
Group Two Europe/Africa Zone
16 countries |
Group Two Asia/Oceania Zone
8 countries |
|
4 | Group Three Americas Zone
9 countries |
Group Three Europe Zone
15 countries |
Group Three Africa Zone
10 countries |
Group Three Asia/Oceania Zone
9 countries |
5 | Group Four Asia/Oceania Zone
11 countries |
Note: The total number of nations in Group One is 24. However, the distribution among the three zones may vary each year, according to the number of nations promoted or relegated between Group One and the World Group. The number of nations in the World Group and Group One together is 22 from Euro/Africa Zone, 9 from Americas Zone and 9 from Asia/Oceania Zone.
Ties and rubbers[edit]
As in other cup competitions tie is used in the Davis Cup to mean an elimination round. In the Davis Cup, the word rubber means an individual match.
In the annual World Group competition, 16 nations compete in eight first-round ties; the eight winners compete in four quarterfinal ties; the four winners compete in two semifinal ties; and the two winners compete in the final tie.
Each tie consists of five rubbers, which are played in three days (usually on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday). The winner of the tie is the nation which wins three or more of the five rubbers in the tie. On the first day, the first two rubbers are singles, which are generally played by each nation’s two best available singles players. On the second day, the doubles rubber is played. On the third day, the final two rubbers are typically reverse singles, in which the first-day contestants usually play again, but they swap opponents from the first day’s singles rubbers. However, in certain circumstances, the team captain may replace one or two of the players who played the singles on Friday by other players who were nominated for the tie. For example, if the tie has already been decided in favour of one of the teams, it is common for younger or lower-ranked team members to play the remaining dead rubbers in order for them to gain Davis Cup experience.
Since 2011, if a nation has a winning 3–1 lead after the first reverse single match and that match has gone to four sets or more, then the remaining reverse single match which is a dead rubber is not played. All five rubbers are played if one nation has a winning 3–0 lead after the doubles match.[24]
Ties are played at a venue chosen by one of the competing countries. The right of choice is given on an alternating basis. Therefore, countries play in the country where the last tie between the teams was not held. In case the two countries have not met since 1970, lots are drawn to determine the host country.[25]
Venues in the World Group must comply with certain minimum standards, including a minimum seating capacity as follows:[26]
- World Group play-offs: 4,000
- World Group first round: 4,000
- World Group quarterfinals: 6,000
- World Group semifinals: 8,000
- World Group final: 12,000
Captain[edit]
Prior to each tie, the captain (non-playing coach appointed by the national association) nominates a squad of four players and decides who will compete in the tie. On the day before play starts, the order of play for the first day is drawn at random. In the past, teams could substitute final day singles players only in case of injury or illness, verified by a doctor, but current rules permit the captain to designate any player to play the last two singles rubbers, provided that no first day matchup is repeated. There is no restriction on which of the playing team members may play the doubles rubber: the two singles players, two other players (usually doubles specialists) or a combination.
Each rubber is normally played as best of five sets. Since 2016, all sets use a tiebreak at 6–6 if necessary (formerly, the fifth set usually had no tiebreaker, so play continued until one side won by two games e.g. 10–8). However, if a team has clinched the tie before all five rubbers have been completed, the remaining rubbers may be shortened to best of three sets, with a tiebreak if necessary to decide all three sets.
In Group III and Group IV competitions, each tie consists only of three rubbers, which include two singles and one doubles rubber, which is played in a single day. The rubbers are in the best of three sets format, with a tie breaker if necessary to decide all three sets.
Records and statistics[edit]
Performance by team[edit]
Country | Winners | Runners-up |
---|---|---|
United States[a] | 1900, 1902, 1913, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1937, 1938, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1954, 1958, 1963, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1978, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1990, 1992, 1995, 2007 (32) | 1903, 1905, 1906, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1914, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1935, 1939, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1964, 1973, 1984, 1991, 1997, 2004 (29) |
Australasia Australia[a] |
1907, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1914, 1919, 1939, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1973, 1977, 1983, 1986, 1999, 2003 (28) | 1912, 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1936, 1938, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1954, 1958, 1963, 1968, 1990, 1993, 2000, 2001, 2022 (20) |
France[a] | 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2017 (10) | 1925, 1926, 1933, 1982, 1999, 2002, 2010, 2014, 2018 (9) |
Great Britain[a] | 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1912, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 2015 (10) | 1900, 1902, 1907, 1913, 1919, 1931, 1937, 1978 (8) |
Sweden | 1975, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1994, 1997, 1998 (7) | 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1996 (5) |
Spain[a] | 2000, 2004, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2019 (6) | 1965, 1967, 2003, 2012 (4) |
Russia[a] Russian Tennis Federation[b] |
2002, 2006, 2021 (3) | 1994, 1995, 2007 (3) |
Czechoslovakia[a] Czech Republic[a] |
1980, 2012, 2013 (3) | 1975, 2009 (2) |
West Germany[a] Germany[a] |
1988, 1989, 1993 (3) | 1970, 1985 (2) |
Croatia | 2005, 2018 (2) | 2016, 2021 (2) |
Italy[a] | 1976 (1) | 1960, 1961, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1998 (6) |
Argentina | 2016 (1) | 1981, 2006, 2008, 2011 (4) |
Canada[a] | 2022 (1) | 2019 (1) |
Serbia | 2010 (1) | 2013 (1) |
Switzerland | 2014 (1) | 1992 (1) |
South Africa | 1974 (1) | — |
Romania | — | 1969, 1971, 1972 (3) |
India | — | 1966, 1974, 1987 (3) |
Belgium | — | 1904, 2015, 2017 (3) |
Japan | — | 1921 (1) |
Mexico | — | 1962 (1) |
Chile | — | 1976 (1) |
Slovakia | — | 2005 (1) |
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Won both the Davis Cup and the Junior Davis Cup titles.
- ^ The team from Russia was not permitted to use the Russian name, flag, or anthem in 2021; it won the Finals as the team of the Russian Tennis Federation (RTF), and used the flag of the RTF.
Titles by country (since 1972)[edit]
Country | Titles | First | Last |
---|---|---|---|
United States | 9 | 1972 | 2007 |
Sweden | 7 | 1975 | 1998 |
Australia | 6 | 1973 | 2003 |
Spain | 6 | 2000 | 2019 |
France | 4 | 1991 | 2017 |
West Germany Germany |
3 | 1988 | 1993 |
Czechoslovakia Czech Republic |
3 | 1980 | 2013 |
Russia | 3 | 2002 | 2021 |
Croatia | 2 | 2005 | 2018 |
South Africa | 1 | 1974 | |
Italy | 1 | 1976 | |
Serbia | 1 | 2010 | |
Switzerland | 1 | 2014 | |
Great Britain | 1 | 2015 | |
Argentina | 1 | 2016 | |
Canada | 1 | 2022 |
- Consecutive titles
- All-time: 7, United States, 1920–1926
- Post-Challenge Round: 2; United States, 1978–79, 1981–82; Sweden, 1984–85, 1997–98; West Germany, 1988–89; Spain, 2008–09; Czech Republic, 2012–13
- Consecutive finals appearances
- All-time: 23, Australia, 1946–1968
- Post-Challenge Round: 7, Sweden, 1983–1989
- Most games in a tie
- All-time: 327, India 3–2 Australia, 1974 Eastern Zone final
- World Group (before tiebreak): 281, Paraguay 3–2 France, 1985 first round
- World Group (since tiebreak): 281, Romania 3–2 Ecuador, 2003 World Group play-offs
Years in World Group[edit]
- USA 37
- Czech Republic 36
- France 36
- Germany 35
- Spain 32
- Australia 31
- Sweden 31
- Italy 27
- Switzerland 27
- Russia 26
- Argentina 25
- Belgium 20
- Netherlands 19
- Austria 17
- Great Britain 17
- Croatia 16
- Romania 14
- Brazil 13
- India 13
- Serbia 11
- Canada 10
- Israel 10
- Mexico 10
- Chile 9
- Denmark 9
- Japan 8
- New Zealand 8
- Kazakhstan 7
- Paraguay 7
- Slovakia 7
- Ecuador 5
- Belarus 4
- South Africa 4
- Hungary 3
- Morocco 3
- South Korea 3
- Zimbabwe 3
- Indonesia 2
- Cuba 1
- Ireland 1
- Peru 1
- Poland 1
Most wins in World Group[edit]
Country | # | |
---|---|---|
1. | USA | 64 |
2. | France | 58 |
3. | Sweden | 56 |
4. | Australia | 50 |
5. | Spain | 40 |
6. | Argentina | 39 |
7. | Czech Republic | 37 |
8. | Germany | 33 |
9. | Russia | 28 |
10. | Italy | 22 |
Results by nation[edit]
World Group[edit]
- ^ until 1992 Czechoslovakia
- ^ until 1989 West Germany
- ^ until 1992 Soviet Union, 1993 CIS
- ^ until 2003 Yugoslavia, 2004–2006 Serbia and Montenegro
Finals[edit]
Country | App | Won | 2019 | 2021 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Argentina | 2 | 0 | QF | – | RR |
Australia | 3 | 0 | QF | RR | F |
Austria | 1 | 0 | – | RR | – |
Belgium | 2 | 0 | RR | – | RR |
Canada | 3 | 1 | F | RR | W |
Chile | 1 | 0 | RR | – | – |
Colombia | 2 | 0 | RR | RR | – |
Croatia | 3 | 0 | RR | F | SF |
Czech Republic | 1 | 0 | – | RR | – |
Ecuador | 1 | 0 | – | RR | – |
France | 3 | 0 | RR | RR | RR |
Germany | 3 | 0 | QF | SF | QF |
Great Britain | 3 | 0 | SF | QF | RR |
Hungary | 1 | 0 | – | RR | – |
Italy | 3 | 0 | RR | QF | SF |
Japan | 1 | 0 | RR | – | – |
Kazakhstan | 3 | 0 | RR | QF | RR |
Netherlands | 2 | 0 | RR | – | QF |
Russia/ RTF | 2 | 1 | SF | W | – |
Serbia | 3 | 0 | QF | SF | RR |
South Korea | 1 | 0 | – | – | RR |
Spain | 3 | 1 | W | RR | QF |
Sweden | 2 | 0 | – | QF | RR |
United States | 3 | 0 | RR | RR | QF |
Individual[edit]
- Most titles as a player;
- Roy Emerson; Australia; 8 titles (1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967)
- Most titles as captain;
- Harry Hopman; Australia; 16 titles (1939, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967)
- Youngest player[27]
- Marco De Rossi; San Marino; 13 years, 319 days (12 May 2011)[a]
- ^ Players must now be aged 14 and over.
- Oldest player[27]
- Vittorio Pellandra; San Marino; 66 years, 104 days (11 May 2007)
- Most years played
- 30, Leander Paes, India (1990–2010, 2012–2020)
- Most ties played[27]
- 93, Domenico Vicini, San Marino (1993–2015)
- Most rubbers played[27]
- 164, Nicola Pietrangeli, Italy (1954–1972)
- Most rubbers won[27]
- Total: 120, Nicola Pietrangeli, Italy
- Singles: 78, Nicola Pietrangeli, Italy
- Doubles: 45, Leander Paes, India
Current ITF Davis Cup ranking[edit]
For more information, see ITF rankings
ITF Davis Cup Nations Ranking, as of 28 November 2022[28] |
|||
---|---|---|---|
# | Nation | Points | Move† |
1 | Croatia | 968.38 | |
2 | Spain | 693.25 | |
3 | France | 628.00 | |
4 | Canada | 565.75 | 2 |
5 | United States | 490.34 | 1 |
6 | Germany | 485.09 | 1 |
7 | Italy | 473.00 | |
8 | Australia | 430.25 | 3 |
9 | Great Britain | 398.00 | 1 |
10 | Serbia | 388.25 | 1 |
11 | Kazakhstan | 378.13 | 1 |
12 | Belgium | 365.00 | |
13 | Sweden | 360.81 | |
14 | Netherlands | 356.13 | |
15 | Argentina | 348.75 | |
16 | Russia (suspended) | 337.75 | |
17 | Czech Republic | 332.75 | |
18 | Austria | 324.76 | |
19 | Colombia | 324.75 | |
20 | Japan | 310.00 |
†Change since previous ranking update
Broadcasters[edit]
Country/region | Broadcaster | Ref | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Free | Pay | Summary | ||
International | Rakuten TV | 25 matches at the finals | [29][30] | |
Argentina | TyC Sports | Selected matches (including the finals round, all matches for Argentina team) | ||
Australia | Nine | beIN Sports |
|
[31] |
France | TF1 | [32] | ||
MENA
|
||||
Austria | ServusTV | DAZN |
|
[33] |
Brazil | ||||
Germany | DOSB | |||
Switzerland | ||||
Japan | ||||
Wowow | Japan matches only | |||
Rakuten | ||||
Belarus | Belteleradio | Belarus matches only | ||
Belgium | VRT | Belgium matches only | ||
RTBF | ||||
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sport Klub | |||
Croatia | HRT | |||
Montenegro | ||||
North Macedonia | ||||
Serbia | ||||
Canada | Sportsnet (English) | [34] | ||
TVA Sports (French) | ||||
China | iQiyi | Selected qualifiers, with all 25 finals | ||
Colombia | Win Sports | Qualifiers (Colombia matches only), with selected matches at the finals | ||
Chile | TVN | Claro |
|
[35][36] |
Ecuador | ||||
Paraguay | ||||
Uruguay | ||||
Central America
|
Sky Sports | Selected qualifiers, with all 25 finals | ||
Dominican Republic | ||||
Mexico | ||||
Czech Republic | ČT | Czech Republic matches only on Sport | ||
Denmark | Eurosport |
|
[37] | |
Finland | ||||
Iceland | ||||
India | ||||
Ireland | ||||
Norway | ||||
Sweden | STF | |||
United Kingdom | ||||
Hungary | MTVA | Hungary matches only | ||
Indonesia | Mola TV | 25 matches at the finals | [38] | |
Timor-Leste | ||||
Israel | Sport 5 | Selected matches, with all 25 finals | ||
Italy | SuperTennis | Live coverage on TV for Italy team matches plus a final, selected non-Italy group matches on Facebook | [39] | |
Kazakhstan | QAZTRK | Kazakhstan team matches only, including the finals round, live on Qazsport | [40] | |
Netherlands | Ziggo | All matches | [41] | |
New Zealand | Sky Sport | Selected matches, with all 25 finals | ||
Pakistan | PTV Sports (Terrestrial) | PTV Sports | 2020 Davis Cup World Group I (Pakistan Match Only) | [42] |
Portugal | Sport TV | All matches | [43] | |
Russia | Okko Sport | All matches | ||
Singapore | StarHub TV | Selected matches, with all 25 finals | [44] | |
Slovakia | RTVS | Slovakia matches only on :2 | ||
Spain | Movistar+ | 25 matches at the finals | ||
United States | CBS Sports | USA matches only | ||
Fox Sports | USA team matches at the finals round only, plus final match |
See also[edit]
- Junior Davis Cup and Junior Billie Jean King Cup
- List of Davis Cup champions
- Billie Jean King Cup
- ATP Cup
- Hopman Cup
- Davis Cup Tennis, a video game based on the event
- History of tennis
References[edit]
- ^ «Andy Murray wins Davis Cup for Great Britain». BBC Sport. 23 November 2015. Archived from the original on 28 November 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
- ^ «Davis Cup Format». www.daviscup.com. Archived from the original on 5 January 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
In 2016, 130 nations have entered Davis Cup by BNP Paribas
- ^ a b «40 Years Ago: Look Out, Cleveland». www.tennis.com. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ^ a b «Davis Cup – Rankings». www.daviscup.com. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
- ^ Gillmeister, Heiner (1998). Tennis: A Cultural History. New York: New York University Press. pp. 213–214. ISBN 978-0814731215.
- ^ Eaves, Simon J.; Lake, Robert J. (2016). «The ‘Ubiquitous Apostle of International Play’, Wilberforce Vaughan Eaves: The Forgotten Internationalist of Lawn Tennis» (PDF). The International Journal of the History of Sport. 33 (16): 1963–1981. doi:10.1080/09523367.2017.1295957. S2CID 159668658. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
- ^ Lake, Robert J. (2015). A Social History of Tennis in Britain. London: Routledge. pp. 70–71. ISBN 978-0415684309.
- ^ Gillmeister, Heiner (1998). Tennis: A Cultural History. New York: New York University Press. pp. 258. ISBN 978-0814731215.
- ^ «Tennis of Two Nations». Chicago Tribune: 10. 3 September 1896.
- ^ «Tennis from Far Shores». Chicago Tribune: 8. 28 September 1896.
- ^ «American Players Abroad». American Lawn Tennis: 89. 27 April 1898.
- ^ John Grasso (2011). Davis Cup. Historical Dictionary of Tennis. Scarecrow Press. p. 79. ISBN 978-0810874909. Archived from the original on 28 May 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
- ^ «Davis Cup Grows by a Third». daviscup.com. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
- ^ Eaves, Simon J.; Lake, Robert J. (2018). «Dwight Davis and the Foundation of the Davis Cup in Tennis: Just Another Doubleday Myth?». Journal of Sport History. 45 (1): 1–23. doi:10.5406/jsporthistory.45.1.0001. S2CID 158171573. Archived from the original on 11 September 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018 – via Project MUSE.
- ^ «History – Davis Cup – Pro Tournaments – News and Events – Tennis Australia». Tennis Australia. Archived from the original on 8 March 2018. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
- ^ «Davis Cup set for fifth set tiebreak in 2016». Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
- ^ «Davis Cup reform: Nations vote for 18-team season-ending event». BBC Sport. 16 August 2018. Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
- ^ Bodo, Peter (16 August 2018). «Here’s everything you need to know about the massive Davis Cup overhaul». ESPN. Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
- ^ «Tennis greats tear into Davis Cup overhaul». news.com.au. 17 August 2018. Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
- ^ Briggs, Simon (29 August 2018). «Davis Cup should not become the Pique Cup, warns Roger Federer». The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 30 August 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
- ^ 6,000 join Malmö Davis Cup protest Archived 23 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine. The Local 7 March 2009.
- ^ Crowd ban ‘risks bolstering extremists’ Archived 3 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine. The Local 7 March 2009.
- ^ «Historic Davis Cup reforms approved at AGM». Daviscup.com. Archived from the original on 23 November 2018. Retrieved 16 September 2018.
- ^ «ITF revises Davis Cup dead rubber policy». DavisCup.com. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
- ^ «Davis Cup Rules & Regulations – 2012 (English)». Archived from the original on 20 November 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
- ^ «Davis Cup Rules». Archived from the original on 20 September 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
- ^ a b c d e «History – Records». Davis Cup. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
- ^ «Nations Ranking». daviscup.com. International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- ^ «Davis Cup by Rakuten Madrid Finals to be broadcast in more than 171 countries». Davis Cup. 7 November 2019. Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Where to Watch the Davis Cup Qualifiers». Davis Cup. 27 February 2020. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
- ^ «Watch live this week on beIN SPORTS». beIN Sports-au. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Tennis returns to TF1 in Davis Cup Finals deal». SportBusiness Media. 2 September 2019. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- ^ «DAZN adds Davis Cup rights in Brazil». SportBusiness Media. 15 November 2019. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Davis Cup Finals: What you need to know about Canada’s competition – Sportsnet.ca». Sportsnet. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
- ^ «Copa Davis 2019: TV, fechas, horarios y dónde ver online». AS.com (in Spanish). 18 November 2019. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
- ^ TVN (24 November 2019). «Únete a la transmisión de la final de la #CopaDavisXTVN: Canadá y España lo darán todo para proclamarse campeones del mundo Síguelo por TVN». Twitter (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 24 November 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
- ^ «Eurosport to deliver re-vamped Davis Cup Finals event in multiple markets across Europe». Davis Cup. Archived from the original on 13 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Mola TV on Instagram: «Davis Cup atau Piala Davis 2019 yang menjadi edisi ke-108 turnamen tenis putra antar tim nasional dimodifikasi menjadi sangat menarik,…»«. Instagram. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ «Davis Cup Finals: tutte le dirette di SuperTennis fino a domenica». Italian Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
- ^ «ТЕННИС. Дэвис Кубогі». Qazsport. Archived from the original on 13 January 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
- ^ Ziggo Sport (18 November 2019). «Vandaag kun je al genieten van Davis Cup Switch vanaf 15.00 uur op Ziggo Sport Extra! Dinsdagochtend is Nederland in de Davis Cup Finals aan de beurt tegen Kazachstan. Kijk vanaf 11.00 live mee op Ziggo Sport kanaal 14 en Select». Twitter (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 18 November 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
- ^ «Davis Cup 2020 World Group 1 PAKvsJAP». Facebook. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
- ^ «Davis Cup Finals com cobertura exaustiva em Portugal». Bola Amarela Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). 17 November 2019. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
- ^ hermes (20 November 2019). «Next 48 Hours». The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 1 January 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Davis Cup.
- Official website
- Davis Cup live streaming website
- Davis Cup 2019 TV Channels Rights Archived 28 October 2019 at the Wayback Machine
А Б В Г Д Е Ж З И Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Э Ю Я
Ку́бок Дэ́виса
Рядом по алфавиту:
куби́нцы , -ев, ед. куби́нец, -нца, тв. -нцем
куби́ст , -а
кубисти́ческий
куби́стка , -и, р. мн. -ток
куби́стский
кубите́льный , (зоол.)
куби́ческий
ку́бковый
кубова́я , -о́й
кубови́дный , кр. ф. -ден, -дна
кубово́й , (от куб)
кубовщи́к , -ика́
ку́бовый , (ярко-синий)
кубозо́ли , -ей, ед. -зо́ль, -я
ку́бок , ку́бка
Ку́бок Дэ́виса
Ку́бок европе́йских чемпио́нов
Ку́бок ку́бков
Ку́бок ми́ра
Ку́бок Стэ́нли
Ку́бок УЕФА́
кубокиломе́тр , -а
кубоко́вш , кубоковша́, тв. -о́м
кубоме́тр , -а
кубоме́тровый
кубофутури́зм , -а
кубофутури́ст , -а
кубофутури́стский
ку́брик , -а
кубы́з , -а
кубы́шечка , -и, р. мн. -чек
Рады помочь вам узнать, как пишется слово «Дэвис».
Пишите и говорите правильно.
О словаре
Сайт создан на основе «Русского орфографического словаря», составленного Институтом русского языка имени В. В. Виноградова РАН. Объем второго издания, исправленного и дополненного, составляет около 180 тысяч слов, и существенно превосходит все предшествующие орфографические словари. Он является нормативным справочником, отражающим с возможной полнотой лексику русского языка начала 21 века и регламентирующим ее правописание.
Кубок Дэ́виса (англ. Davis Cup) — крупнейшие международные командные соревнования в мужском теннисе. Проводятся ежегодно с 1900 года, с 1979 года — под эгидой Международной федерации тенниса (ITF). Команды теннисистов из различных стран играют матчи между собой с выбыванием проигравшей команды из турнира. Текущий обладатель Кубка — сборная России.
Аналогичный турнир для женских команд — Кубок Билли Джин Кинг (ранее известный как Кубок Федерации).
История[править | править код]
В 1899 году у четырёх студентов Гарвардского университета зародилась идея проведения теннисного турнира, в котором участвуют национальные сборные команды. Один из них — Дуайт Дэвис, разработал схему проведения турнира и купил на собственные деньги приз для победителя — серебряный кубок.
Первый турнир состоялся в Бруклайне (штат Массачусетс) в 1900 году, и в нём приняли участие сборные США и Великобритании. Сам Дэвис играл в команде США, которая неожиданно победила, выиграв первые три матча. В следующем году турнир не проводился, а в 1902 году снова выиграла команда США.
В 1904 году США не выставили своей команды, и в розыгрыш была включена Бельгия, а затем Австралия и Франция. К 1905 году участниками турнира стали команды Бельгии, Австрии, Франции и Австралазии (объединённой команды Австралии и Новой Зеландии, которые выступали вместе по 1922 год). В 1913 году играло восемь, в 1939 году — более 30 стран. За период с 1900 по 1939 годы кубок разыгрывался 34 раза (не было розыгрыша в 1901, 1910, 1915—1918 гг. До 1946 года кубок доставался только четырем странам. Наибольшее число побед у США — 12, Англия выигрывала 9 раз, Австралия — 7, Франция — 6. Команда США во главе с Уильямом Тилденом 7 лет подряд владела призом. Франция в период спортивного расцвета своих знаменитых «четырех мушкетеров» — Коше, Лякоста, Боротра и Брюньона — обладала им 6 лет. По четыре победы подряд одерживали Англия, опиравшаяся на талант Фреда Перри, и Австралия, благодаря двум знаменитым игрокам — Норману Бруксу и Энтони Уайлдингу.
Турнир изначально назывался International Lawn Tennis Challenge, своё современное название он получил после смерти Дуайта Дэвиса в 1945 году. До 1979 года проводился независимым оргкомитетом, когда по его просьбе перешёл под управление ITF. В юбилейный 100-й год проведения в турнире приняли участие национальные команды 129 стран.
Формат турнира[править | править код]
Структура (2012—2018)[править | править код]
Матчи Кубка Дэвиса проводятся между командами, разделёнными на разные уровни и группы. Победители и аутсайдеры в группах переходят в следующем сезоне на другой уровень.
Первый уровень представлен Мировой группой (World Group), матчи в ней проводятся по олимпийской системе (проигравшая команда выбывает из турнира). Последующие уровни разделены по зонам: Америка, Европа/Африка, Азия/Океания. Зоны Америка и Европа/Африка содержат 3 группы, а зона Азия/Океания содержит четыре группы. Две высшие группы проводят турнир по олимпийской системе, третья и четвертая группы — по круговой. Победители группы переходят на уровень выше, проигравшие — на уровень ниже (за исключением последних групп). Победители Первой группы играют квалификационный турнир с аутсайдерами Мировой группы за право выступать на высшем уровне в следующем сезоне.
Уровень |
Группы |
|||
1 |
Мировая группа |
|||
2 |
Первая группа Америка |
Первая группа Европа/Африка |
Первая группа Азия/Океания |
|
3 |
Вторая группа Америка |
Вторая группа Европа/Африка |
Вторая группа Азия/Океания |
|
4 |
Третья группа Америка |
Третья группа Европа |
Третья группа Африка |
Третья группа Азия/Океания |
5 |
Четвёртая группа Азия/Океания |
Правила проведения матчей[править | править код]
В каждом раунде турнира две команды играют пять матчей в течение трёх дней, обычно, с пятницы по воскресенье. Для победы необходимо выиграть минимум три матча из пяти. Первые два матча — одиночные, проводятся в первый день. Во второй день проводится парный матч. Последние два матча — одиночные, проводятся в третий день. В них традиционно играют участники первого дня, сменив соперников. Ранее разрешалось заменить игрока в последних двух матчах, если только победитель раунда был уже определён после первых трёх матчей. Сейчас командам разрешается в последний день выставить теннисистов на собственное усмотрение, с условием, что состав соперников не будет повторять матчи первого дня.
Нет никаких требований, кто из спортсменов должен играть парный матч. Это может быть любой из игроков, выступающих в одиночных играх, два любых других игрока (обычно, специалисты парной игры) или их комбинация.
Матчи проводятся в пяти сетах, пятый сет играется без тай-брейка до победы в 2 геймах. Если одна из команд обеспечила себе победу до того, как были сыграны все пять матчей, то оставшиеся матчи проводятся в трёх сетах, как не влияющие на исход раунда.
Международная федерация тенниса (ITF) внесла изменения в правила проведения матчей в рамках соревнований. На заседании ITF в Сантьяго было принято решение о введении тай-брейка в пятом сете. Это правило начало действовать с 2016 года[источник не указан 1664 дня]. Данное решение вызвано критикой, обрушившейся на ITF после одиночного поединка Леонардо Майера с Жуаном Соузой в рамках противостояния Аргентина-Бразилия. Матч продолжался 6 часов 42 минуты, из которых 2 часа 30 минут пришлись на пятую партию.
Изменение формата с 2019 года[править | править код]
Съезд Международной федерации тенниса в Орландо (США) 16 августа 2018 года утвердил изменения в формате Кубка Дэвиса, который с 2019 года будет называться World Cup of Tennis Finals[1]. Мировая группа, состоящая из 18 команд, будет разыгрывать основной трофей в течение недели в конце ноября. В число команд Мировой группы будут входить четыре полуфиналиста предыдущего сезона, 12 команд, отобраных по результатам квалификационных стыковых встреч в феврале, и двух команд, получающих уайлд-кард от организаторов перед квалификационным раундом. Команды, участвующие в финальном турнире, будут разделены на шесть групп, из которых в четвертьфиналы плей-офф выходят шесть победителей и две команды с лучшими результатами из оставшихся[2]. Каждый матч будет состоять из двух одиночных и одной парной встречи, при этом все встречи будут играться до победы в двух сетах. Первый розыгрыш турнира в новом формате пройдёт в Мадриде (Испания) или Лилле (Франция) с 18 по 24 ноября 2019 года[3]. Две худших команды по итогам группового этапа в следующем сезоне отправляются в зональные турниры, а остальные восемь получают автоматическое право на участие в следующем квалификационном этапе[4].
Рекорды и статистика[править | править код]
Победители[править | править код]
За время проведения соревнования пятнадцать стран смогли выиграть хотя бы один чемпионский титул.
Страна | Титулы | Финалы |
---|---|---|
США | 1900, 1902, 1913, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1937, 1938, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1954, 1958, 1963, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1978, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1990, 1992, 1995, 2007 (32) | 1903, 1905, 1906, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1914, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1935, 1939, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1964, 1973, 1991, 1997, 2004 (28) |
Австралия | 1907, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1914, 1919, 1939, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1973, 1977, 1983, 1986, 1999, 2003 (28) | 1912, 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1936, 1938, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1954, 1958, 1963,1968,1990, 1993, 2000, 2001 (19) |
Франция | 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2017 (10) | 1925, 1926, 1933, 1982, 1999, 2002, 2010, 2014, 2018 (9) |
Великобритания | 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1912, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 2015 (10) | 1900, 1902, 1907, 1913, 1919, 1931, 1937, 1978 (8) |
Швеция | 1975, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1994, 1997, 1998 (7) | 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1996 (5) |
Испания | 2000, 2004, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2019 (6) | 1965, 1967, 2003, 2012 (4) |
Россия | 2002, 2006, 2021 (3) | 1994, 1995, 2007 (3) |
Германия | 1988, 1989, 1993 (3) | 1970, 1985 (2) |
Чехия | 1980, 2012, 2013 (3) | 1975, 2009 (2) |
Хорватия | 2005, 2018 (2) | 2016, 2021 (2) |
Италия | 1976 (1) | 1960, 1961, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1998 (6) |
Аргентина | 2016 (1) | 1981, 2006, 2008, 2011 (4) |
Сербия | 2010 (1) | 2013 (1) |
Швейцария | 2014 (1) | 1992 (1) |
ЮАР | 1974 (1) | — |
Индия | — | 1966, 1974, 1987 (3) |
Румыния | — | 1969, 1971, 1972 (3) |
Бельгия | — | 1904, 2015, 2017 (3) |
Канада | — | 2019 (1) |
Мексика | — | 1962 (1) |
Словакия | — | 2005 (1) |
Чили | — | 1976 (1) |
Япония | — | 1921 (1) |
См. также[править | править код]
- Юниорский командный турнир ITF
Примечания[править | править код]
Ссылки[править | править код]
- Официальный сайт (англ.)
§ 179. В
названиях исторических эпох и событий, календарных периодов и праздников с
прописной буквы пишется первое слово (которое может быть единственным), напр.: Средние века, Крестовые походы,
Петровская эпоха, Возрождение (также Раннее Возрождение,
Высокое Возрождение), Ренессанс, Проторенессанс, Реформация, Кватроченто,
Смутное время (в России в XVII в.), Варфоломеевская ночь,
Бородинское сражение, Куликовская битва, Семилетняя война, Первая мировая
война, Вторая мировая война, Гражданская война (в России 1918 — 1921 гг.);
Июльская монархия, Вторая империя, Третья республика (в
истории Франции), Парижская коммуна, Война за независимость
(в Северной Америке), Декабрьское вооруженное восстание 1905
года, Февральская революция 1917 года (Февраль), Октябрьская революция (Октябрь),
Жакерия, Медный бунт, Новый год, Первое мая, Международный женский день, День
независимости, День учителя, Дни славянской письменности и культуры.
Так же пишутся названия политических, культурных, спортивных
и других мероприятий, имеющих общегосударственное или международное значение,
напр.: Всемирный экономический форум, Марш мира, Всемирный
фестиваль молодёжи и студентов, Олимпийские игры, Кубок мира по футболу, Кубок
Дэвиса, Игры доброй воли, Белая олимпиада. Названия других регулярно
проводимых мероприятий пишутся со строчной буквы, напр.: день
встречи выпускников, день донора, день открытых дверей, субботник, воскресник.
Примечание 1. В некоторых названиях
праздников и исторических событий с прописной буквы по традиции пишется не
только первое слово, напр.: День
Победы, Великая Отечественная война.
Примечание 2. В названиях праздников с
начальной цифрой с прописной буквы пишется название месяца, напр.: 1 Мая, 8 Марта.
Примечание 3. В названиях обозначаемых
порядковым номером съездов, конгрессов, конференций, сессий, фестивалей,
конкурсов слова Международный,
Всемирный, Всероссийский и т. п. пишутся с прописной буквы
независимо от того, обозначается ли стоящий в начале названия порядковый номер
цифрой или словом, напр.: I (Первый)
Международный конкурс им. П. И. Чайковского, III (Третий) Всероссийский съезд
Советов, VI (Шестой) Всемирный фестиваль молодёжи и студентов.
Примечание 4. В названиях исторических
событий с первым словом — пишущимся через дефис прилагательным от
географического названия (названий), с прописной буквы пишутся обе части
прилагательного, напр.: Брест-Литовский
мирный договор (ср.
Брест-Литовск), Сан-Францисская конференция (ср.
Сан-Франциско), Висло-Одерская операция (военная;
ср. Висла и Одер).
Примечание 5. Некоторые родовые наименования
пишутся со строчной буквы, даже если являются первым словом составного
наименования, напр.: эпоха
Возрождения, движение Сопротивления, восстание декабристов, революция 1905 года,
битва при Калке (но: Битва народов, 1813). Так же пишется слово год в названиях типа год Змеи, год Дракона.
Примечание 6. Названия геологических периодов
и эпох, археологических эпох и культур пишутся со строчной буквы, напр.: мезозойская эра (и мезозой), меловой период, юрский период, ледниковый
период, эпоха палеолита (и палеолит), каменный век, трипольская культура.
Написание названий, связанных с религией, подчиняется общим
правилам, однако учитываются традиционные способы представления отдельных групп
названий, сложившиеся в церковно-религиозных и религиозно-философских текстах.
По ссылке Jasmin:
Вопрос № 273022
Как пишет слово кубок — с прописной или строчной?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка:
Кубок пишется с прописной как первое слово названий спортивных наград, соревнований: Кубок Дэвиса, Кубок России по футболу. Ср.: Межконтитентальный кубок (не первое слово названия), пить победное шампанское из кубка (здесь кубок в знач. ‘сосуд’).
Вопрос № 271951
Здравствуйте! Верно ли написаны названия кубка и спортивных состязаний (интересует употребление большой буквы) во фразе: «Он шесть лет подряд выигрывал Кубок наций Гонки чемпионов»?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка:
Такое написание корректно.
Дело в том, что спортивный кубок как награда большого спорта обычно является переходящим «трофеем», то есть находится у команды-победителя до игр следующего сезона, в которых определяется новый лидер и — соответственно — обладатель кубка. Наградные спортивные кубки являются главным призом многочисленных соревнований с аналогичным названием и зачастую являются единичными, в одном экземпляре, поэтому пишутся с большой буквы.
Вот, например, Кубок Лорда Стэнли — один из самых старейших и известных спортивных «трофеев» в мире, с богатой и скандальной историей. Этот хоккейный приз, который каждый год вручается победителю плей-офф Национальной хоккейной лиги (НХЛ), был учрежден в 1892 году в Шеффилде (Англия) и имел первоначальное название «Хоккейный Кубок Вызова». Тогда, в конце 19 века, этот спортивный кубок вручался лучшей любительской команде Канады и представлял собой серебряную чашу 18,5 см высотой и 29 см в диаметре.
Сегодня Кубок Стэнли существенно увеличился в размерах — массивная ваза из серебра с цилиндрическим основанием имеет высоту 89,54 см и весит 15,5 кг. Это первый спортивный кубок на планете (второй — Кубок Гагарина), который каждый из обладателей в течение суток может использовать по собственному усмотрению, и единственный трофей в профессиональном спорте, на котором гравируются имена всех игроков, тренеров, менеджеров и персонала команды-чемпиона.
Другого такого кубка нет, а если это приз каких-то соревнований любительских команд или профессиональных, но ниже рангом, там кубки не переходящие, они вручаются победителю навсегда — с указанием года победы, как грамоты, вот в их названиях слово кубок пишется со строчной буквы, там название кубка будет начинаться с названия соревнования, потому что это символ победы в этом соревновании.
Обладатель Кубка Стэнли — обладатель именно той драгоценной чаши в единственном числе, а не просто обладатель символа победы в Кубке Стэнли, то же касается и Кубка России, и др. драгоценных «трофеев».
сыграть матч с "Торпедо" или против "Торпедо"?
Это плеоназм. Матч — игра, получается сыграть игру. Корректно: участвовать в матче с командой «Торпедо» или сыграть против «Торпедо».
Всего найдено: 33
Здравствуйте. Подскажите, если ориентироваться на правила русского языка, то как правильно писать название спортивного турнира — Кубок Шести Наций или Кубок шести наций?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Правилен второй вариант, ср.: Кубок европейских чемпионов, Кубок кубков, Кубок мира.
Добрый день, не теряю надежды на ответ! Подскажите, пожалуйста, в каком падеже стоит числительное в предложении «Каспийское море недополучает 35 кубокилометров воды»? Возможно ли какое-то варьирование?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Числительное 35 зависит от глагола недополучает и стоит в форме винительного падежа.
Здравствуйте! Как правильно написать в дипломе: «награждается ___ за __ место в соревнованиях Кубок данной местности» или «награждается ___ за __ место в Кубке данной местности»?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Возможно: место в соревнованиях «Кубок данной местности», место НА кубке.
Как правильнее расставить знаки препинания: Она сделала красивый кубок из хрусталя — и… случайно разбила его. Или: Она сделала красивый кубок из хрусталя и… случайно разбила его.
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Тире не требуется, верен второй вариант.
Добрый день! Как написать правильно с прописной или строчной слово «кубок«? Например: кубок директора школы или Кубок директора школы.
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Следует писать строчными буквами.
Здравствуйте! Как верно: М/матчи К/кубка (или на кубок) К/конфедерации/ий?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Турнир называется Кубок конфедераций. Корректно: матчи Кубка конфедераций.
Здравствуйте, как правильно: Кубок конфедераций или Кубок Конфедераций?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
С большой буквы пишется первое слово названия: Кубок конфедераций.
Super Bowl — Супербоул или Супер Боул? Зафиксировано ли в словарях написание?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Словарной фиксации нет. Корректно: Супербоул (ср.: Суперкубок).
Как писать слово «кубок», если оно идёт без уточнений, — cо строчной или с прописной буквы? Например, «Команда N выиграла Кубок» или «Команда N выиграла кубок»?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Слово кубок в значении ‘награда’ пишется строчными: команда выиграла кубок.
Здравствуйте, уважаемые специалисты Грамоты! Два словаря на вашем портале не сходятся в написании слова «евро(-)атлантический». Подскажите, как все-таки нужно его писать? Орфографический словарь евро… и Евро… — первая часть сложных слов, пишется слитно, но: евро-азиатский, евро-американский, евро-атлантический, евро-африканский Большой толковый словарь ЕВРО…; ЕВРО- Первая часть сложных слов. Вносит зн. сл.: европейский. Евроатлантический, евро-африканский, евровалюта, еврогруппа, евроинтеграция, еврокубок, евролитература, европарламент, европолитика, евроракета, еврорынок, евроэкономика. С уважением, Елена
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
В вопросах правописания следует ориентироваться на орфографический словарь. Верно: евро-атлантический.
Здравствуйте! Подскажите, пожалуйста, как пишется «обладатель кубка Стэнли» или «обладатель Кубка Стэнли»? По правилу написания слова «кубок» должно бы писаться в данном случае со строчной буквы, но во всем Интернете нет такого написания — везде идет все с большой буквы.
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Правильно: Кубок Стэнли. См.: Лопатин В. В., Нечаева И. В., Чельцова Л. К. Прописная или строчная? Орфографический словарь. М., 2011.
Кубок мира во мн. числе — Кубки мира или кубки мира?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Во мн. ч. — Кубки мира (как Олимпиады).
Здравствуйте! Подскажите пожалуйста, с какой буквы — прописной или строчной — пишутся официальные названия спортивных соревнований?
Например: — Чемпионат мира по футболу, Кубок Европы по водному поло
А также с какой буквы — прописной или строчной — надо писать словосочетания чемпионат мира и Кубок мира?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Слово чемпионат пишется строчными: чемпионат мира по футболу, чемпионат Европы, чемпионат России. Слово Кубок пишется с большой буквы как первое слово в названии спортивных соревнований: Кубок Европы по водному поло, Кубок мира, Кубок России. Но: Межконтинентальный кубок.
Как пишет слово кубок — с прописной или строчной?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Кубок пишется с прописной как первое слово названий спортивных наград, соревнований: Кубок Дэвиса, Кубок России по футболу. Ср.: Межконтитентальный кубок (не первое слово названия), пить победное шампанское из кубка (здесь кубок в знач. ‘сосуд’).
Здравствуйте! Верно ли написаны названия кубка и спортивных состязаний (интересует употребление большой буквы) во фразе: «Он шесть лет подряд выигрывал Кубок наций Гонки чемпионов»?
Ответ справочной службы русского языка
Такое написание корректно.
Кубок Дэвиса
- Кубок Дэвиса
-
К’убок Д’эвиса
Русский орфографический словарь. / Российская академия наук. Ин-т рус. яз. им. В. В. Виноградова. — М.: «Азбуковник».
.
1999.
Смотреть что такое «Кубок Дэвиса» в других словарях:
-
Кубок Дэвиса — К сюжету: Кубок Дэвиса 2006 Вот уже более ста лет Кубок Дэвиса является наиболее значимым командным соревнованием в мужском теннисе. Это теннисный аналог футбольного чемпионата мира носит имя американца Дуайта Дэвиса, которому первому пришла в… … Энциклопедия ньюсмейкеров
-
КУБОК ДЭВИСА — КУБОК ДЭВИСА, международные мужские командные соревнования по теннису (см. ТЕННИС (спортивная игра)), состоящие из 4 х одиночных встреч и одной парной. Чемпионат проводится в течение трех дней. Победитель награждается серебряным кубком весом 70… … Энциклопедический словарь
-
Кубок Дэвиса — Эмблема Кубка Дэвиса … Википедия
-
Кубок Дэвиса 2010 — Кубок Дэвиса 2010 99 й по счёту розыгрыш самого престижного кубка среди мужских сборных команд по теннису. Шестнадцать сборных принимают участие в Мировой группе и более ста в различных региональных группах. 5 декабря новым обладателем… … Википедия
-
Кубок Дэвиса 2011 — Кубок Дэвиса 2011 100 й по счёту розыгрыш самого престижного кубка среди мужских сборных команд по теннису. Шестнадцать сборных принимают участие в Мировой группе и более ста в различных региональных группах. 4 декабря новым обладателем… … Википедия
-
Кубок Дэвиса 2012 — Кубок Дэвиса 2012 101 й по счёту розыгрыш самого престижного кубка среди мужских сборных команд по теннису. Шестнадцать сборных принимают участие в Мировой группе и более ста в различных региональных группах. 18 ноября новым обладателем… … Википедия
-
Кубок Дэвиса 2007 — это 96 й розыгрыш трофея, главного соревнования между национальными командами в мужском теннисе. 16 команд составили Мировую группу и 123 различные региональные. Финал прошёл 30 ноября 2 декабря на арене Memorial Coliseum в Портленде, США, выявив … Википедия
-
Кубок Дэвиса 2009 — 98 й по счёту розыгрыш самого престижного кубка среди мужских сборных команд по теннису. Шестнадцать сборных принимают участие в Мировой группе и более ста в различных региональных группах. Действующий обладатель кубка сборная Испании подтвердила … Википедия
-
Кубок Дэвиса 2010. Мировая группа — Кубок Дэвиса 2010 Мировая группа Мировая группа Плей офф Региональные зоны Азия/Океания Америка Европа/Африка Основна … Википедия
-
Кубок Дэвиса 2009. Плей-офф Мировой Группы — Кубок Дэвиса 2009 Мировая группа Мировая группа Плей офф Региональные зоны Азия/Океания Америка Европа/Африка … Википедия
-
Кубок Дэвиса 2009. Мировая группа — Кубок Дэвиса 2009 Мировая группа Мировая группа Плей офф Региональные зоны Азия/Океания Америка Европа/Африка Основная статья … Википедия
§ 179. В
названиях исторических эпох и событий, календарных периодов и праздников с
прописной буквы пишется первое слово (которое может быть единственным), напр.: Средние века, Крестовые походы,
Петровская эпоха, Возрождение (также Раннее Возрождение,
Высокое Возрождение), Ренессанс, Проторенессанс, Реформация, Кватроченто,
Смутное время (в России в XVII в.), Варфоломеевская ночь,
Бородинское сражение, Куликовская битва, Семилетняя война, Первая мировая
война, Вторая мировая война, Гражданская война (в России 1918 — 1921 гг.);
Июльская монархия, Вторая империя, Третья республика (в
истории Франции), Парижская коммуна, Война за независимость
(в Северной Америке), Декабрьское вооруженное восстание 1905
года, Февральская революция 1917 года (Февраль), Октябрьская революция (Октябрь),
Жакерия, Медный бунт, Новый год, Первое мая, Международный женский день, День
независимости, День учителя, Дни славянской письменности и культуры.
Так же пишутся названия политических, культурных, спортивных
и других мероприятий, имеющих общегосударственное или международное значение,
напр.: Всемирный экономический форум, Марш мира, Всемирный
фестиваль молодёжи и студентов, Олимпийские игры, Кубок мира по футболу, Кубок
Дэвиса, Игры доброй воли, Белая олимпиада. Названия других регулярно
проводимых мероприятий пишутся со строчной буквы, напр.: день
встречи выпускников, день донора, день открытых дверей, субботник, воскресник.
Примечание 1. В некоторых названиях
праздников и исторических событий с прописной буквы по традиции пишется не
только первое слово, напр.: День
Победы, Великая Отечественная война.
Примечание 2. В названиях праздников с
начальной цифрой с прописной буквы пишется название месяца, напр.: 1 Мая, 8 Марта.
Примечание 3. В названиях обозначаемых
порядковым номером съездов, конгрессов, конференций, сессий, фестивалей,
конкурсов слова Международный,
Всемирный, Всероссийский и т. п. пишутся с прописной буквы
независимо от того, обозначается ли стоящий в начале названия порядковый номер
цифрой или словом, напр.: I (Первый)
Международный конкурс им. П. И. Чайковского, III (Третий) Всероссийский съезд
Советов, VI (Шестой) Всемирный фестиваль молодёжи и студентов.
Примечание 4. В названиях исторических
событий с первым словом — пишущимся через дефис прилагательным от
географического названия (названий), с прописной буквы пишутся обе части
прилагательного, напр.: Брест-Литовский
мирный договор (ср.
Брест-Литовск), Сан-Францисская конференция (ср.
Сан-Франциско), Висло-Одерская операция (военная;
ср. Висла и Одер).
Примечание 5. Некоторые родовые наименования
пишутся со строчной буквы, даже если являются первым словом составного
наименования, напр.: эпоха
Возрождения, движение Сопротивления, восстание декабристов, революция 1905 года,
битва при Калке (но: Битва народов, 1813). Так же пишется слово год в названиях типа год Змеи, год Дракона.
Примечание 6. Названия геологических периодов
и эпох, археологических эпох и культур пишутся со строчной буквы, напр.: мезозойская эра (и мезозой), меловой период, юрский период, ледниковый
период, эпоха палеолита (и палеолит), каменный век, трипольская культура.
Написание названий, связанных с религией, подчиняется общим
правилам, однако учитываются традиционные способы представления отдельных групп
названий, сложившиеся в церковно-религиозных и религиозно-философских текстах.