Представлено сочинение на английском языке Эйфелева Башня/ The Eiffel Tower с переводом на русский язык.
| The Eiffel Tower | Эйфелева Башня |
| They say “To see Paris and die”. Paris is really one of the most popular cities among tourists. People from all over the world come to this city to see its famous sights and feel the atmosphere of romantics, love and freedom. | Говорят «Увидеть Париж и умереть». Париж – действительно один из самых популярных городов среди туристов. Люди со всего мира приезжают сюда, чтобы увидеть знаменитые достопримечательности и почувствовать атмосферу романтики, любви и свободы. |
| Among the most famous attractions of Paris are Arch of Triumph, Notre-Dame de Paris and of course its main symbol – the Eiffel Tower. It was named after Gustav Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower in 1889. This tower is made of iron. The tower stands on four legs and has a sharp peak on the top. The tower is the tallest construction in Paris and the most-visited monument in the world where you have to pay money to visit it. Millions of people go to the top of the Tower to get an amazing view of Paris. | Среди самых известных достопримечательностей Парижа – Триумфальная Арка, Нотр-Дам де Пари, и, конечно, его главный символ – Эйфелева башня. Она была названа в честь Густава Эйфеля, чья компания создала дизайн башни в 1889 году. Эта башня сделана из железа. Она стоит на четырех опорах и имеет острый пик наверху. Она является самой высокой конструкцией в Париже и самой посещаемой достопримечательностью в мире, где нужно платить, чтобы посетить ее. Миллионы людей поднимаются на вершину башни ради замечательного вида Парижа. |
| The Eiffel Tower is 324 meters tall, about the same height as an 81-storey building. The tower has three levels for visitors, with restaurants on the first and second floor. The third level is a platform, it’s 276 meters above the ground. If you walk around Paris in the evening you can enjoy a wonderful view of the lighted Eiffel Tower. And at some particular moment you can see the lights blinking. | Эйфелева башня имеет высоту 324 метра, примерно как 81-этажный дом. В башне есть три уровня для посетителей, на первом и втором этаже есть рестораны. Третий этаж – это платформа на высоте 276 метров над землей. Если гулять по Парижу вечером, можно насладиться прекрасным видом подсвеченной Эйфелевой башни. В один определенный момент можно увидеть, как огни мерцают. |
| I also want to visit the Eiffel Tower as it is one of the most well-known attractions in the world. | Я тоже хочу посетить Эйфелеву башню, потому что это одна из самых известных достопримечательностей в мире. |
Текст: Эйфелева башня
The Eiffel tower is a metal construction located in the center of Paris. It is considered to be the most recognizable architectural landmark of the city and a whole country. The tower is named after its chief designer Gustave Eiffel, but Eiffel called it just «a 300-meter tower».
Today the tower is used as a TV and radio station. Tickets to visit the place can be bought on the Internet, but a long queue can not be avoided. Queues on the Elevator may be avoided by climbing on foot-1792 steps. But it costs about 5 euros. Here visitors can even reserve a table in a very expensive restaurant «Jules Verne».
The majority of tourists admire it. Even after 120 years, it remains the tallest structure in Paris and the fifth highest in France. Despite its majestic size, its total weight does not exceed 10 thousand tons.
Despite the fact that the tower is considered to be a symbol of the city, the French have a very ambiguous reaction on it. Many Parisians do not think it is a beautiful construction. It was planned to be destroyed, but then was used to get radio and TV signals.
Перевод
Эйфелева башня — металлическая конструкция, расположенная в центре Парижа. Она считается самой узнаваемой архитектурной достопримечательностью города и всей страны. Башня названа в честь своего главного конструктора Гюстава Эйфеля, но Эйфель называл ее просто «300-метровой башней».
Сегодня она используется как теле-и радиостанция. Билеты на посещение достопримечательности можно купить в интернете, но длинной очереди избежать не удастся. Очередей на лифт можно пропустить, поднявшись пешком по 1792 ступеням. Но это стоит около 5 евро. Здесь посетители могут даже зарезервировать столик в очень дорогом ресторане «Жюль Верн».
Большинство туристов восхищаются ею. Даже спустя 120 лет она остается самой высокой конструкцией в Париже и пятой по высоте во всей Франции. Несмотря на свои величественные размеры, ее общий вес не превышает 10 тысяч тонн.
Несмотря на то, что башня считается символом города, у французов она вызывает не очень однозначная реакцию. Многие парижане не считают ее красивым сооружением. Ей планировали разрушить, но затем стали использовать для получения радио-и телевизионных сигналов.
Являясь самым высоким сооружением в мире, Эйфелева башня вероятно самая узнаваемая достопримечательность в Европе и самый известный символ Парижа.
Невозможно побывать в Париже, не посетив Эйфелеву башню.
Даже если Вы не хотите посетить это всемирно известное сооружение, Вы увидите ее вершину с любой точки Парижа.
Высота башни составляет 300 метров. Когда в конце 19 века ее строительство было закончено, она была в два раза выше, чем Монумент Вашингтона, в то время самого высокого сооружения в мире.
Мировая выставка 1889 года
Эйфелева башня была построена для Мировой выставки в 1889 году, состоявшейся в рамках празднования Великой французской революции 1789 года.
Конструкция изначально задумывалась как временное сооружение специально для выставки, но она стоит до сих пор, несмотря на все протесты художников той эпохи, боявшихся, что сооружение спровоцирует строительство других подобных сооружений с отсутствующей индивидуальностью и несмотря на многих людей, боявшихся, что такой громадный объект не впишется в общую архитектуру Парижа.
Сегодня, среди парижан больше нету такой антипатии в башне и никто больше не может представить Париж без Эйфелевой башни. В действительности, она стала символом Города света.
Густав Эйфель
Человек, ответственный за появление Эйфелевой башни был Густав Эйфель, известный своими революционными методами постройки мостов, используемых во время работы над виадуком Гараби.
Эти методы были положены в основу строительства Эйфелевой башни.
Он был также известен за создание железной рамки для Статуи свободы.
Сознание этой конструкции заняло более двух лет.
Каждый из около 12 тысяч железных фрагментов был создан отдельно, для придания именно той формы, которая была нужна.
Все фрагменты были собраны вручную и затем соединены с друг другом с помощью порядка 7 миллионов гвоздей.
После открытия 31 марта, 1889 года, Эйфелева башня должна была быть самым высоким сооружением в мире, до завершения строительства Крайслер-билдинг в 1930.
Being the tallest building in the world, the Eiffel tower is probably the most recognizable landmark in Europe and the most famous symbol of Paris.
You cannot visit Paris without visiting the Eiffel tower.
Even if You don’t want to visit this world-famous building, You will see its top from any point of Paris.
The height of the tower is 300 meters. When in the late 19th century, its construction was completed, it was two times higher than the Washington Monument, at the time of the tallest buildings in the world.
World exhibition of 1889
The Eiffel tower was built for the World exhibition in 1889, held in celebration of the French revolution of 1789.
The design was originally conceived as a temporary structure specifically for the exhibition, but it still stands today, despite all the protests artists of the era, fearing that the construction will provoke the construction of other similar constructions with missing individuality and despite many people feared that such a huge object does not fit into the overall architecture of Paris.
Today, among the Parisians no longer such antipathy in the tower and no one can imagine Paris without the Eiffel tower. In fact, it has become a symbol of the city of light.
Gustave Eiffel
The person responsible for the appearance of the Eiffel tower was Gustave Eiffel, famous for its revolutionary methods of construction of bridges used during the work on the viaduct Garabi.
These methods were the basis for the construction of the Eiffel tower.
He was also known for creating the iron frame for the statue of liberty.
The consciousness of this design took more than two years.
Each of about 12 thousand iron fragments was created separately, to give it the form that was needed.
All fragments were collected manually and then connected with each other by means of the order of 7 million nails.
After opening on March 31, 1889, the Eiffel tower was supposed to be the tallest building in the world until the completion of the construction of the Chrysler building in 1930.
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The Eiffel Tower (la Tour Eiffel) is an iron tower built on the Champ de Mars beside the River Seine in Paris, France. It is the tallest structure in Paris, the fifth-tallest structure in France and possibly the most recognized monument in Europe. Named after its designer, engineer Gustave Eiffel, it is the most visited monument in the world. Including the 24 m (78.7 ft) antenna, the structure is 324 m (1063 ft) high (since 2000). In 1902, it was struck by lightning, which meant that 300 feet of the top had to be reconstructed and the lights illuminating the tower had to be replaced, as they were damaged by the high energy of the lightning. The structure of the Eiffel Tower weighs 7300 tons. There are 1660 steps (360 to the first level, another 359 to the second). It is not possible for the public to reach the summit via the stairs, lifts are required beyond the second platform. Lift tickets may be purchased at the base or either platform. Maintenance of the tower includes applying 50-60 tons of three graded tones of paint every seven years to protect it from rust. On occasion, the color of the paint is changed — the tower is currently painted a shade of brownish-gray. However, the tower is actually painted three different colors in order to make it look the same color. The colors change from dark to light from top to bottom, but it looks the same because of the background (the sky being light and the ground being dark). On the first floor, there are interactive consoles hosting a poll for the color to use for a future session of painting. The co-architects of the Eiffel Tower are Emile Naugier, Maurice Koechlin and Stephen Sauvestre.
The structure was built between 1887 and 1889 as the entrance arch for the Exposition Universelle, a World’s Fair marking the centennial celebration of the French Revolution. Eiffel originally planned to build it in Barcelona, for the Universal Exposition of 1888, but they rejected it. The tower was inaugurated on 31 March, 1889, and opened on 6 May. Three hundred workers joined together 18,038 pieces of puddled iron (a very pure form of structural iron). The risk of accident was great, for unlike modern skyscrapers the tower is an open frame without any intermediate floors except the two platforms. Yet because Eiffel took safety precautions including use of movable stagings, guard-rails and screens, only one man died, during the installation of its elevator’s lifts. The tower was met with resistance from the public when it was built, with many calling it an eyesore. Novelist Guy de Maupassant — who claimed to hate the tower — supposedly ate lunch at the Tower’s restaurant every day. When asked why, he answered that it was the one place in Paris where you couldn’t see the Tower.
Today, it is widely considered to be a striking piece of structural art. One of the great Hollywood movie cliches is that the view from a Parisian window always includes the tower. In reality, since zoning restrictions limit the height of most buildings in Paris to a few stories, only the very few taller buildings have a clear view of the tower. Eiffel had a permit for the tower to stand for 20 years, meaning it would have had to be dismantled in 1909, when its ownership would revert to the City of Paris. The City had planned to tear it down (part of the original contest rules for designing a tower was that it could be easily demolished) but as the tower proved valuable for communication purposes, it was allowed to remain after the expiry of the permit. The military used it to dispatch Parisian taxis to the front line of the Marne, and it therefore became a victory statue of that battle. It was also used to catch the infamous «Mata Hari», and after this, its demolition became unthinkable.
Since the beginning of the 20th century, the tower has been used for radio transmission. During the German occupation of Paris between 1940 and 1944 the tower was also used for German television broadcasts, which were apparently intended mostly for wounded German soldiers in local military hospitals. Since 1957, the tower has been used for transmission of FM radio and television. The tower has two restaurants: Altitude 95, on the first floor (95m above sea level); and the Jules Verne, an expensive gastronomical restaurant on the second floor, with a private lift.
Images of the tower have long been in the public domain; however, in 2003 SNTE installed a new lighting display on the tower. The effect was to put any night-time image of the tower and its lighting display under copyright. As a result, it was no longer legal to publish contemporary photographs of the tower at night without permission in some countries.
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