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Winchester College
Address
College Street Winchester, Hampshire , SO23 9NA England
Coordinates	51°03′29″N 01°18′46″W / 51.05806°N 1.31278°WCoordinates: 51°03′29″N 01°18′46″W / 51.05806°N 1.31278°W
Information
Type	Public school Independent boarding school
Motto	Manners makyth man
Religious affiliation(s)	Church of England
Established	1382; 641 years ago
Founder	William of Wykeham
Department for Education URN	116532 Tables
Warden	Richard Stagg
Headmaster	Timothy Hands
Staff	c. 200
Gender	Male (Female at 16-18)
Age	13 to 18
Enrolment	c. 690
Houses	11 (10 Commoner or Old Tutor Houses plus college) (X) College A. Chernocke House (Furley’s) B. Moberly’s (Toye’s) C. Du Boulay’s (Cook’s) D. Fearon’s (Kenny’s) E. Morshead’s (Freddie’s) F. Hawkins’ (Chawker’s) G. Sergeant’s (Phil’s) H. Bramston’s (Trant’s) I. Turner’s (Hopper’s) K. Kingsgate House (Beloe’s)
Colour(s)	Blue, brown & red
Publication	The Wykehamist, Quelle, The Spirit Lamp, The Trusty Servant
Former pupils	Old Wykehamists
School song	Domum
Website	www.winchestercollege.org

Winchester College is a public school (fee-charging independent day and boarding school) in Winchester, Hampshire, England. It was founded by William of Wykeham in 1382 and has existed in its present location ever since. It is the oldest of the nine schools considered by the Clarendon Commission. The school is currently undergoing a transition to become co-educational and to accept day pupils, having previously been a boys’ boarding school for over 600 years.

The school was founded to provide an education for 70 scholars. Gradually numbers rose, a choir of 16 «quiristers» being added alongside paying pupils known as «commoners». Numbers expanded greatly in the 1860s with the addition of ten boarding houses. The scholars continue to live in the school’s medieval buildings, which consist of two courtyards, a chapel, and a cloisters. A Wren-style classroom building named «School» was added in the 17th century. An art school («museum»), science school, and music school were added at the turn of the 20th century. A war cloister was built as a memorial in 1924.

The school has maintained traditions including its mascot, the Trusty Servant; a set of «notions» forming a sort of private language; and a school song, Domum. Its headmasters have included the bishops William Waynflete in the 15th century and George Ridding in the 19th century. Former pupils are known as Old Wykehamists.

History[edit]

Winchester College was founded in 1382 by William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor to both Edward III and Richard II, and the first 70 poor scholars entered the school in 1394.^[1] In the early 15th century the specific requirement was that scholars come from families where the income was less than five marks sterling (£3 6s 8d) per annum; in comparison, the contemporary reasonable living for a yeoman was £5 per annum.^[2] It was founded in conjunction with New College, Oxford, for which it was designed to act as a feeder:^[1] the buildings of both colleges were designed by master mason William Wynford. This double foundation was the model for Eton College and King’s College, Cambridge, some 50 years later.^[3]

At first only a small number of pupils other than scholars were admitted; by the 15th century the school had around 100 pupils in total, nominally the 70 scholars, 16 choirboys known as «quiristers», and the rest «commoners». Demand for places for commoners was high, and though at first restricted, numbers gradually rose.^[4] From the 1860s, ten boarding houses, each for up to sixty pupils, were added, greatly increasing the school’s capacity.^[5] By 2020, the number of pupils had risen to 690.^[6]

According to its 1382 charter and final statutes (1400), the school is called in Latin Collegium Sanctae Mariae prope Wintoniam («St Mary’s College, near Winchester»), or Collegium Beatae Mariae Wintoniensis prope Winton («The College of the Blessed Mary of Winchester, near Winchester»).^[7][8]

Buildings[edit]

The college consists of an assemblage of buildings from medieval times to the present day. There are 94 listed buildings, set in grounds of some 250 acres, of which 100 acres are water meadows, 52 acres are playing fields, and 11 acres are formal gardens; the area includes St Catherine’s Hill.^[9] The medieval buildings, representing most of the original foundation from the school’s opening in 1394, include Outer Gate and Outer Court, Chamber Court, the chapel, and the Cloisters. These are built in flint with limestone facings and slate roofs.^[10][9] The chapel retains its original wooden fan-vaulted ceiling, designed by Hugh Herland, carpenter to Richard II. Little of the original medieval glass, designed by Thomas Glazier, survives, as it was scattered in the 1820s, but some is now housed in Thurburn’s Chantry, at the back of the chapel, and in Fromond’s Chantry, inside the Cloisters.^[11] The «School» building was constructed in 1683–1687 in Wren style,^[9] with a statue of the founder above the door by C. G. Cibber.^[12] The school was greatly extended in the 19th century with the addition of boarding houses for «commoners», paying pupils, as opposed to the scholars who continued to live in the medieval College.^[13] At the turn of the 20th century, a Music School, «Museum» (art school), and Science School, all architect-designed, were added.^[12][9] A hall big enough for the enlarged school, New Hall, was opened in 1961, accommodating the oak panelling removed from the Chapel in the 1874 refurbishment.^[14] In 1924, a War Cloister was constructed; it now serves as a memorial of the Wykehamists killed in the two World Wars.^[15]

• 

  Medieval architecture: Chamber Court, 1394, looking through Middle Gate to Outer Court and Outer Gate

• 

  Chapel, 1394

• 

  Science School by Henry Hill, 1904

• 

Accommodation[edit]

College[edit]

The seventy scholars live in the original buildings, known as «College». The scholars are known as «Collegemen», and the schoolmaster in charge of them is called the Master in College. Collegemen wear black gowns, following the founding traditions of the school. Collegemen enjoy certain privileges compared to the Commoners, such as having open fires and being allowed to walk across Meads, the field outside School.^[17]

Boarding houses[edit]

Every pupil at Winchester, apart from the Scholars, lives in a boarding house, chosen or allocated when applying to Winchester. It is here that he studies, eats and sleeps. Each house is presided over by a housemaster (who takes on the role in addition to teaching duties), assisted by house tutors. Houses compete against each other in school sports. Each house has an official name, usually based on the family name of the first housemaster, which is used mainly as a postal address. Each house also has an informal name, usually based on the name or nickname of an early housemaster. Each house also has a letter, in the order of their founding, to act as an abbreviation, especially on laundry tags. A member of a house is described by the informal name of the house with «-ite» suffixed, as «a Furleyite», «a Toyeite», «a Cookite» and so on. College does not have an informal name, although the abbreviation Coll is sometimes used; «X» (meaning, not one of the boarding houses) was originally used only on laundry tags.^[18]

Academic[edit]

Admission[edit]

Winchester has its own entrance examination, and does not use Common Entrance like other major public schools. Those wishing to enter a Commoner House make their arrangements with the relevant housemaster some two years before sitting the exam, usually sitting a test set by the housemaster and an interview. Those applying to College do not take the normal entrance examination but instead sit a separate, harder, exam called «Election»: successful candidates may obtain, according to their performance, a scholarship, an exhibition or a Headmaster’s nomination to join a Commoner House.^[19] Admission to College was historically coupled to remission of fees, but this has ceased;^[20] instead, means-tested bursaries of from 5% to 100% of the school fee are provided, according to need.^[21] From 2022, Winchester is admitting girls into the 6th form (year 12) as day pupils, with girls boarding from 2024.^[22] For 2022/23, the fee is £45,936 per annum (£15,312 per term) for boarding pupils and £33,990 per annum (£11,330 per term) for day pupils.^[23]

Structure[edit]

In addition to normal lessons, all boys throughout the school are required to attend a class called Division (known as «Div») which explores parts of history, literature, and politics that do not lead to external examinations; its purpose is to ensure a broad education.^[24]

From year 9, pupils study for at least nine GCSE and IGCSEs. Every pupil studies English, mathematics, Latin, French or German, and at least two sciences at this level, as well as «Div». Pupils then study three A-levels, «Div», and an Extended Project Qualification.^[25]

Results[edit]

Winchester College is particularly known for its academic rigour.^[26] At A-Level, 41.7% of grades achieved were graded A*, and 76.3% of grades achieved were graded A* or A in 2022.^[27] 80.3% of GCSEs were graded 8 or 9 (A* equivalent), and 91.2% of grades achieved were graded 7, 8 or 9 (A*/A equivalent).^[28] Between 2010 and 2018, an average of 33% of leavers obtained places at Oxford or Cambridge.^[29]

Activities[edit]

Sport[edit]

Winchester College has its own game, Winchester College football (also known as «Win: Co: Fo:» or «Winkies»), played only at Winchester.^[30] It is played in the spring term with a competition between the school’s houses; it is largely managed by the boys.^[31]

A distinctive Winchester version of fives resembles Rugby fives but with a buttress on the court. The buttress enables a skilful player to cause the ball to ricochet in an unexpected direction.^[32]

The school has an active rowing club called the Winchester College Boat Club which is based on the River Itchen. The club is affiliated to British Rowing (boat code WIN)^[33] and was twice winner of the Princess Elizabeth Challenge Cup (in 1949 and 1954) at the Henley Royal Regatta.^[34]

Rivalry — particularly sporting — between Winchester and Eton has existed for centuries.^[35]

Combined Cadet Force[edit]

Pupils of the school in their second year are currently required to serve in the college’s Combined Cadet Force.^[36]

The organisation was founded in 1860 as «The Winchester College Rifle Volunteer Corps» by various boys in their top year as a result of the perceived threat of Napoleon III after the Orsini plot, and remained entirely autonomous until it was taken over by the Second Master in 1868. It was enrolled as a Cadet Corps in the 1st Hants Volunteer Battalion. In 1908, the Officer Training Corps was established, and by 1914, through the request of the War Office that Senior Cadets be given appropriate training for the war effort, almost every student became involved in the Corps, though it was never explicitly compulsory. In the Second World War, it was renamed as «The Junior Training Corps», though its function was still to prepare boys for Officer responsibilities. Montgomery remarked on inspecting the Corps in 1946 that there was «latent leadership in all ranks». In 1948, the «Junior Training Corps» became known as the «Combined Cadet Force» (CCF) which incorporated RAF and RN sections. In 1963, «Alternative Service Activities» were introduced for boys who did not want to join the CCF. Pupils were made eligible to opt out of the CCF at the end of their second year after starting at the beginning of the year: this is still the school’s policy.^[37]

Traditions[edit]

The Trusty Servant: the School Mascot[edit]

The Trusty Servant is an emblematic figure in a painting at Winchester College, that serves as the school’s unofficial mascot and the name of its alumni magazine.^[38] A painting of The Trusty Servant and accompanying verses both devised by the poet John Hoskins in 1579 hangs outside the college kitchen. The current version was painted by William Cave the Younger in 1809. The painting depicts a mythical creature with the body of a man, the head of a pig, with its snout closed with a padlock, the ears of an ass, the feet of a stag, and tools in his left hand.^[39] The verses are on the virtues that pupils of the college were supposed to have. The college arms are shown in the background of the painting.^[40]

Notions: the School Language[edit]

A notion is a specialised term peculiar to Winchester College. The word notion is also used to describe traditions unique to the school. An example of a notion is «toytime», meaning homework, from the notion «toys», a wooden cubicle that serves as a pupil’s workspace in a communal room, known as «mugging hall» in Commoner Houses or a «chamber» in College.^[41]

Manners makyth man: the School motto[edit]

Since the foundation, Winchester College has had numerous words and phrases directly associated with it, including its motto, its graces, and a prayer. A grace is read before and after every lunch and formal meal in College Hall. Two separate graces are traditionally sung during Election, the scholarship process.

Manners makyth man
– Motto of Winchester College, New College, Oxford, and the founder of the two colleges, William of Wykeham

The Latin grace before meals in College goes:^[42]

Latin grace	English translation
Benedic nobis, Domine Deus, Atque iis donis tuis, Quae de tua largitate Sumus Sumpturi, Per Jesum Christum, Dominum nostrum. Amen.	Bless us, Lord God, And those Thy gifts, Of which through Thy bounty We are about to partake, Through Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen.

The Latin grace after meals in College goes:^[42]

Latin grace	English translation
Agimus tibi gratias, Omnipotens Deus, Pro his et universis donis tuis Quae de tua largitate Accepimus, Qui vivis et regnas, Et es Deus, In saecula saeculorum. Amen.	We return thanks to Thee, Almighty God, For these and all Thy gifts, Which through They bounty We have received Who livest and reigneth, And art God, World without end. Amen.

Domum: the school song[edit]

The school song is entitled «Domum» and is sung at the end of the summer term, known as Cloister Time. The origin of the song is unknown; it was described as «an old tradition» in the 1773 History and Antiquities of Winchester.^[43]
The traditional tune was composed by John Reading.^[44][45] A new tune, by Malcolm Archer, was officially adopted by the school in about 2007.^[46]

According to legend, the text was written in the 17th century by a pupil who was confined for misconduct during the Whitsun holidays.^[47] (In one account, he was tied to a pillar.) It is said that he carved the words on the bark of a tree, which was thereafter called «Domum Tree», and cast himself into Logie (the river running through the school grounds).^[43][48] There is still a «Domum Cottage» in that area. The author of the text apparently wrongly treated domum as a neuter noun.^[49]

A «Domum Dinner» is held at the end of the summer term for leavers. It was formerly restricted to those former scholars of Winchester who were also scholars of New College, and distinguished guests. Until the reforms of the 19th century, there were three successive Election Dinners held during Election Week, culminating in a Domum Ball. Originally these festivities occurred around Whitsun, as suggested by references in the song to early summer such as «See the year, the meadow, smiling» and «Now the swallow seeks her dwelling».^[44]

Southern Railway V (Schools) Class Locomotive No. 901[edit]

As with other prominent public schools, a locomotive of the Southern Railway V Class was named after Winchester College. The second of the class, No. 901 Winchester was constructed by Southern at the nearby Eastleigh Works; it entered service in 1930. It was selected by the railway’s new chief mechanical engineer Oliver Bulleid for rebuilding with a Lemaître multiple-jet blastpipe and wide-diameter chimney from 1939 onwards. Upon passing into British Railways ownership in 1948, it was renumbered 30901. It was withdrawn from service in 1962.^[50]

Headmasters[edit]

The headmasters of Winchester College from the 14th century onwards are:^[51]

• 

• 

Former pupils[edit]

Current pupils of Winchester College are known as Wykehamists, in memory of the school’s founder, William of Wykeham; former pupils are known as Old Wykehamists,^[57] or amongst themselves as Old Woks.^[58]
Fictional Old Wykehamists appear in over 50 novels, starting with Tobias Smollett’s eponymous Peregrine Pickle in 1751.^[59]

Controversy[edit]

The «Tunding Row»[edit]

In 1872, under the headmaster George Ridding, «tunding», beatings given by a prefect (a senior pupil), using a ground-ash across the shoulders, were still permitted. The matter became a national scandal, known as «the Tunding Row», when «an overzealous Senior Commoner Prefect»^[60] beat a pupil for refusing to attend a notions test.^[61] Ridding made matters worse by trying to defend the action. He eventually limited the prefects’ power to beat, and forbade notions tests as a «disgraceful innovation».^[61]

Bash camps[edit]

The college knew in 1982 of allegations of sadomasochistic abuse of boys and young men attending summer camps run by the Iwerne Trust in the 1970s, «to ensure that future members of the establishment were committed Christians». These were known as «Bash camps» after the nickname of their founder, E. J. H. Nash. Neither the college nor the Trust reported these bare-buttocks beatings to the police.^[62] The perpetrator, John Smyth QC, now deceased, was warned off and moved to Zimbabwe and then South Africa where abuse continued.^[63] An independent review into the abuse, commissioned by the college, was published in January 2022.^[64]

Price-fixing[edit]

In 2005, Winchester College was one of fifty of the country’s leading independent schools found guilty of running an unlawful price-fixing cartel by the Office of Fair Trading.^[65] As a penalty, the schools paid for a trust fund to benefit the affected pupils.^[66] Winchester College, like Eton, received a fifty percent reduction in its penalty in return for its full cooperation.^[67][68]

Examination fraud[edit]

In 2017 Winchester College suspended a member of the staff for providing students with information about questions on an upcoming public exam.^[69] The headmaster of Winchester confirmed that the school had treated the matter «very seriously» and that no boy was responsible for the «exam irregularity». The information was widely distributed, resulting in their papers being disallowed.^[70][71]

See also[edit]

• New College School
• Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 80

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• Adams, Henry C., Wykehamica: A History of Winchester College, Oxford, London and Winchester: James Parker, 1878
• Cook, Arthur K.; Mathew, Robert, About Winchester College, London: Macmillan, 1917
• Custance, Roger, (ed.), Winchester College: Sixth Centenary Essays, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982
• Dilke, Christopher, Dr Moberly’s Mint-Mark: A Study of Winchester College, London: Heinemann, 1965
• Fearon, William A., The Passing of Old Winchester: Winchester: Winchester College, 1924
• Firth, J. D’E., Winchester College, Winchester: Winchester Publications, 1949
• Kirby, T. F., Annals of Winchester College, London and Winchester: Henry Frowde, 1892
• Leach, Arthur F., A History of Winchester College, London: Duckworth, 1899 (Review)
• Mansfield, Robert, School Life at Winchester College, London: John Camden Hotten, 1866
• Rich, Edward J. G. H., Recollections of the Two St. Mary Winton Colleges, Walsall and London: Edward Rich, 1883
• Sabben-Clare, James (1981). Winchester College. Paul Cave Publications.
• Stevens, Charles, Winchester Notions: The English Dialect of Winchester College, London: Athlone Press, 1998
• Tuckwell, William, The Ancient Ways: Winchester Fifty Years Ago, London: Macmillan, 1893
• Townsend Warner, Robert (1900). Winchester. London: George Bell and Sons.
• Walcott, Mackenzie E. C., William of Wykeham and his Colleges, London: David Nutt, 1852
• Wordsworth, Charles, The College of St Mary Winton near Winchester, Oxford and London: J. H. Parker, 1848

External links[edit]

• Official website
• «Winchester College, registered charity no. 1139000«. Charity Commission for England and Wales.

Winchester College
Address
College Street Winchester, Hampshire , SO23 9NA England
Coordinates	51°03′29″N 01°18′46″W / 51.05806°N 1.31278°WCoordinates: 51°03′29″N 01°18′46″W / 51.05806°N 1.31278°W
Information
Type	Public school Independent boarding school
Motto	Manners makyth man
Religious affiliation(s)	Church of England
Established	1382; 641 years ago
Founder	William of Wykeham
Department for Education URN	116532 Tables
Warden	Richard Stagg
Headmaster	Timothy Hands
Staff	c. 200
Gender	Male (Female at 16-18)
Age	13 to 18
Enrolment	c. 690
Houses	11 (10 Commoner or Old Tutor Houses plus college) (X) College A. Chernocke House (Furley’s) B. Moberly’s (Toye’s) C. Du Boulay’s (Cook’s) D. Fearon’s (Kenny’s) E. Morshead’s (Freddie’s) F. Hawkins’ (Chawker’s) G. Sergeant’s (Phil’s) H. Bramston’s (Trant’s) I. Turner’s (Hopper’s) K. Kingsgate House (Beloe’s)
Colour(s)	Blue, brown & red
Publication	The Wykehamist, Quelle, The Spirit Lamp, The Trusty Servant
Former pupils	Old Wykehamists
School song	Domum
Website	www.winchestercollege.org

Winchester College is a public school (fee-charging independent day and boarding school) in Winchester, Hampshire, England. It was founded by William of Wykeham in 1382 and has existed in its present location ever since. It is the oldest of the nine schools considered by the Clarendon Commission. The school is currently undergoing a transition to become co-educational and to accept day pupils, having previously been a boys’ boarding school for over 600 years.

The school was founded to provide an education for 70 scholars. Gradually numbers rose, a choir of 16 «quiristers» being added alongside paying pupils known as «commoners». Numbers expanded greatly in the 1860s with the addition of ten boarding houses. The scholars continue to live in the school’s medieval buildings, which consist of two courtyards, a chapel, and a cloisters. A Wren-style classroom building named «School» was added in the 17th century. An art school («museum»), science school, and music school were added at the turn of the 20th century. A war cloister was built as a memorial in 1924.

The school has maintained traditions including its mascot, the Trusty Servant; a set of «notions» forming a sort of private language; and a school song, Domum. Its headmasters have included the bishops William Waynflete in the 15th century and George Ridding in the 19th century. Former pupils are known as Old Wykehamists.

History[edit]

Winchester College was founded in 1382 by William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor to both Edward III and Richard II, and the first 70 poor scholars entered the school in 1394.^[1] In the early 15th century the specific requirement was that scholars come from families where the income was less than five marks sterling (£3 6s 8d) per annum; in comparison, the contemporary reasonable living for a yeoman was £5 per annum.^[2] It was founded in conjunction with New College, Oxford, for which it was designed to act as a feeder:^[1] the buildings of both colleges were designed by master mason William Wynford. This double foundation was the model for Eton College and King’s College, Cambridge, some 50 years later.^[3]

At first only a small number of pupils other than scholars were admitted; by the 15th century the school had around 100 pupils in total, nominally the 70 scholars, 16 choirboys known as «quiristers», and the rest «commoners». Demand for places for commoners was high, and though at first restricted, numbers gradually rose.^[4] From the 1860s, ten boarding houses, each for up to sixty pupils, were added, greatly increasing the school’s capacity.^[5] By 2020, the number of pupils had risen to 690.^[6]

According to its 1382 charter and final statutes (1400), the school is called in Latin Collegium Sanctae Mariae prope Wintoniam («St Mary’s College, near Winchester»), or Collegium Beatae Mariae Wintoniensis prope Winton («The College of the Blessed Mary of Winchester, near Winchester»).^[7][8]

Buildings[edit]

The college consists of an assemblage of buildings from medieval times to the present day. There are 94 listed buildings, set in grounds of some 250 acres, of which 100 acres are water meadows, 52 acres are playing fields, and 11 acres are formal gardens; the area includes St Catherine’s Hill.^[9] The medieval buildings, representing most of the original foundation from the school’s opening in 1394, include Outer Gate and Outer Court, Chamber Court, the chapel, and the Cloisters. These are built in flint with limestone facings and slate roofs.^[10][9] The chapel retains its original wooden fan-vaulted ceiling, designed by Hugh Herland, carpenter to Richard II. Little of the original medieval glass, designed by Thomas Glazier, survives, as it was scattered in the 1820s, but some is now housed in Thurburn’s Chantry, at the back of the chapel, and in Fromond’s Chantry, inside the Cloisters.^[11] The «School» building was constructed in 1683–1687 in Wren style,^[9] with a statue of the founder above the door by C. G. Cibber.^[12] The school was greatly extended in the 19th century with the addition of boarding houses for «commoners», paying pupils, as opposed to the scholars who continued to live in the medieval College.^[13] At the turn of the 20th century, a Music School, «Museum» (art school), and Science School, all architect-designed, were added.^[12][9] A hall big enough for the enlarged school, New Hall, was opened in 1961, accommodating the oak panelling removed from the Chapel in the 1874 refurbishment.^[14] In 1924, a War Cloister was constructed; it now serves as a memorial of the Wykehamists killed in the two World Wars.^[15]

• 

  Medieval architecture: Chamber Court, 1394, looking through Middle Gate to Outer Court and Outer Gate

• 

  Chapel, 1394

• 

  Science School by Henry Hill, 1904

• 

Accommodation[edit]

College[edit]

The seventy scholars live in the original buildings, known as «College». The scholars are known as «Collegemen», and the schoolmaster in charge of them is called the Master in College. Collegemen wear black gowns, following the founding traditions of the school. Collegemen enjoy certain privileges compared to the Commoners, such as having open fires and being allowed to walk across Meads, the field outside School.^[17]

Boarding houses[edit]

Every pupil at Winchester, apart from the Scholars, lives in a boarding house, chosen or allocated when applying to Winchester. It is here that he studies, eats and sleeps. Each house is presided over by a housemaster (who takes on the role in addition to teaching duties), assisted by house tutors. Houses compete against each other in school sports. Each house has an official name, usually based on the family name of the first housemaster, which is used mainly as a postal address. Each house also has an informal name, usually based on the name or nickname of an early housemaster. Each house also has a letter, in the order of their founding, to act as an abbreviation, especially on laundry tags. A member of a house is described by the informal name of the house with «-ite» suffixed, as «a Furleyite», «a Toyeite», «a Cookite» and so on. College does not have an informal name, although the abbreviation Coll is sometimes used; «X» (meaning, not one of the boarding houses) was originally used only on laundry tags.^[18]

Academic[edit]

Admission[edit]

Winchester has its own entrance examination, and does not use Common Entrance like other major public schools. Those wishing to enter a Commoner House make their arrangements with the relevant housemaster some two years before sitting the exam, usually sitting a test set by the housemaster and an interview. Those applying to College do not take the normal entrance examination but instead sit a separate, harder, exam called «Election»: successful candidates may obtain, according to their performance, a scholarship, an exhibition or a Headmaster’s nomination to join a Commoner House.^[19] Admission to College was historically coupled to remission of fees, but this has ceased;^[20] instead, means-tested bursaries of from 5% to 100% of the school fee are provided, according to need.^[21] From 2022, Winchester is admitting girls into the 6th form (year 12) as day pupils, with girls boarding from 2024.^[22] For 2022/23, the fee is £45,936 per annum (£15,312 per term) for boarding pupils and £33,990 per annum (£11,330 per term) for day pupils.^[23]

Structure[edit]

In addition to normal lessons, all boys throughout the school are required to attend a class called Division (known as «Div») which explores parts of history, literature, and politics that do not lead to external examinations; its purpose is to ensure a broad education.^[24]

From year 9, pupils study for at least nine GCSE and IGCSEs. Every pupil studies English, mathematics, Latin, French or German, and at least two sciences at this level, as well as «Div». Pupils then study three A-levels, «Div», and an Extended Project Qualification.^[25]

Results[edit]

Winchester College is particularly known for its academic rigour.^[26] At A-Level, 41.7% of grades achieved were graded A*, and 76.3% of grades achieved were graded A* or A in 2022.^[27] 80.3% of GCSEs were graded 8 or 9 (A* equivalent), and 91.2% of grades achieved were graded 7, 8 or 9 (A*/A equivalent).^[28] Between 2010 and 2018, an average of 33% of leavers obtained places at Oxford or Cambridge.^[29]

Activities[edit]

Sport[edit]

Winchester College has its own game, Winchester College football (also known as «Win: Co: Fo:» or «Winkies»), played only at Winchester.^[30] It is played in the spring term with a competition between the school’s houses; it is largely managed by the boys.^[31]

A distinctive Winchester version of fives resembles Rugby fives but with a buttress on the court. The buttress enables a skilful player to cause the ball to ricochet in an unexpected direction.^[32]

The school has an active rowing club called the Winchester College Boat Club which is based on the River Itchen. The club is affiliated to British Rowing (boat code WIN)^[33] and was twice winner of the Princess Elizabeth Challenge Cup (in 1949 and 1954) at the Henley Royal Regatta.^[34]

Rivalry — particularly sporting — between Winchester and Eton has existed for centuries.^[35]

Combined Cadet Force[edit]

Pupils of the school in their second year are currently required to serve in the college’s Combined Cadet Force.^[36]

The organisation was founded in 1860 as «The Winchester College Rifle Volunteer Corps» by various boys in their top year as a result of the perceived threat of Napoleon III after the Orsini plot, and remained entirely autonomous until it was taken over by the Second Master in 1868. It was enrolled as a Cadet Corps in the 1st Hants Volunteer Battalion. In 1908, the Officer Training Corps was established, and by 1914, through the request of the War Office that Senior Cadets be given appropriate training for the war effort, almost every student became involved in the Corps, though it was never explicitly compulsory. In the Second World War, it was renamed as «The Junior Training Corps», though its function was still to prepare boys for Officer responsibilities. Montgomery remarked on inspecting the Corps in 1946 that there was «latent leadership in all ranks». In 1948, the «Junior Training Corps» became known as the «Combined Cadet Force» (CCF) which incorporated RAF and RN sections. In 1963, «Alternative Service Activities» were introduced for boys who did not want to join the CCF. Pupils were made eligible to opt out of the CCF at the end of their second year after starting at the beginning of the year: this is still the school’s policy.^[37]

Traditions[edit]

The Trusty Servant: the School Mascot[edit]

The Trusty Servant is an emblematic figure in a painting at Winchester College, that serves as the school’s unofficial mascot and the name of its alumni magazine.^[38] A painting of The Trusty Servant and accompanying verses both devised by the poet John Hoskins in 1579 hangs outside the college kitchen. The current version was painted by William Cave the Younger in 1809. The painting depicts a mythical creature with the body of a man, the head of a pig, with its snout closed with a padlock, the ears of an ass, the feet of a stag, and tools in his left hand.^[39] The verses are on the virtues that pupils of the college were supposed to have. The college arms are shown in the background of the painting.^[40]

Notions: the School Language[edit]

A notion is a specialised term peculiar to Winchester College. The word notion is also used to describe traditions unique to the school. An example of a notion is «toytime», meaning homework, from the notion «toys», a wooden cubicle that serves as a pupil’s workspace in a communal room, known as «mugging hall» in Commoner Houses or a «chamber» in College.^[41]

Manners makyth man: the School motto[edit]

Since the foundation, Winchester College has had numerous words and phrases directly associated with it, including its motto, its graces, and a prayer. A grace is read before and after every lunch and formal meal in College Hall. Two separate graces are traditionally sung during Election, the scholarship process.

Manners makyth man
– Motto of Winchester College, New College, Oxford, and the founder of the two colleges, William of Wykeham

The Latin grace before meals in College goes:^[42]

Latin grace	English translation
Benedic nobis, Domine Deus, Atque iis donis tuis, Quae de tua largitate Sumus Sumpturi, Per Jesum Christum, Dominum nostrum. Amen.	Bless us, Lord God, And those Thy gifts, Of which through Thy bounty We are about to partake, Through Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen.

The Latin grace after meals in College goes:^[42]

Latin grace	English translation
Agimus tibi gratias, Omnipotens Deus, Pro his et universis donis tuis Quae de tua largitate Accepimus, Qui vivis et regnas, Et es Deus, In saecula saeculorum. Amen.	We return thanks to Thee, Almighty God, For these and all Thy gifts, Which through They bounty We have received Who livest and reigneth, And art God, World without end. Amen.

Domum: the school song[edit]

The school song is entitled «Domum» and is sung at the end of the summer term, known as Cloister Time. The origin of the song is unknown; it was described as «an old tradition» in the 1773 History and Antiquities of Winchester.^[43]
The traditional tune was composed by John Reading.^[44][45] A new tune, by Malcolm Archer, was officially adopted by the school in about 2007.^[46]

According to legend, the text was written in the 17th century by a pupil who was confined for misconduct during the Whitsun holidays.^[47] (In one account, he was tied to a pillar.) It is said that he carved the words on the bark of a tree, which was thereafter called «Domum Tree», and cast himself into Logie (the river running through the school grounds).^[43][48] There is still a «Domum Cottage» in that area. The author of the text apparently wrongly treated domum as a neuter noun.^[49]

A «Domum Dinner» is held at the end of the summer term for leavers. It was formerly restricted to those former scholars of Winchester who were also scholars of New College, and distinguished guests. Until the reforms of the 19th century, there were three successive Election Dinners held during Election Week, culminating in a Domum Ball. Originally these festivities occurred around Whitsun, as suggested by references in the song to early summer such as «See the year, the meadow, smiling» and «Now the swallow seeks her dwelling».^[44]

Southern Railway V (Schools) Class Locomotive No. 901[edit]

As with other prominent public schools, a locomotive of the Southern Railway V Class was named after Winchester College. The second of the class, No. 901 Winchester was constructed by Southern at the nearby Eastleigh Works; it entered service in 1930. It was selected by the railway’s new chief mechanical engineer Oliver Bulleid for rebuilding with a Lemaître multiple-jet blastpipe and wide-diameter chimney from 1939 onwards. Upon passing into British Railways ownership in 1948, it was renumbered 30901. It was withdrawn from service in 1962.^[50]

Headmasters[edit]

The headmasters of Winchester College from the 14th century onwards are:^[51]

• 

• 

Former pupils[edit]

Current pupils of Winchester College are known as Wykehamists, in memory of the school’s founder, William of Wykeham; former pupils are known as Old Wykehamists,^[57] or amongst themselves as Old Woks.^[58]
Fictional Old Wykehamists appear in over 50 novels, starting with Tobias Smollett’s eponymous Peregrine Pickle in 1751.^[59]

Controversy[edit]

The «Tunding Row»[edit]

In 1872, under the headmaster George Ridding, «tunding», beatings given by a prefect (a senior pupil), using a ground-ash across the shoulders, were still permitted. The matter became a national scandal, known as «the Tunding Row», when «an overzealous Senior Commoner Prefect»^[60] beat a pupil for refusing to attend a notions test.^[61] Ridding made matters worse by trying to defend the action. He eventually limited the prefects’ power to beat, and forbade notions tests as a «disgraceful innovation».^[61]

Bash camps[edit]

The college knew in 1982 of allegations of sadomasochistic abuse of boys and young men attending summer camps run by the Iwerne Trust in the 1970s, «to ensure that future members of the establishment were committed Christians». These were known as «Bash camps» after the nickname of their founder, E. J. H. Nash. Neither the college nor the Trust reported these bare-buttocks beatings to the police.^[62] The perpetrator, John Smyth QC, now deceased, was warned off and moved to Zimbabwe and then South Africa where abuse continued.^[63] An independent review into the abuse, commissioned by the college, was published in January 2022.^[64]

Price-fixing[edit]

In 2005, Winchester College was one of fifty of the country’s leading independent schools found guilty of running an unlawful price-fixing cartel by the Office of Fair Trading.^[65] As a penalty, the schools paid for a trust fund to benefit the affected pupils.^[66] Winchester College, like Eton, received a fifty percent reduction in its penalty in return for its full cooperation.^[67][68]

Examination fraud[edit]

In 2017 Winchester College suspended a member of the staff for providing students with information about questions on an upcoming public exam.^[69] The headmaster of Winchester confirmed that the school had treated the matter «very seriously» and that no boy was responsible for the «exam irregularity». The information was widely distributed, resulting in their papers being disallowed.^[70][71]

See also[edit]

• New College School
• Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 80

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• Adams, Henry C., Wykehamica: A History of Winchester College, Oxford, London and Winchester: James Parker, 1878
• Cook, Arthur K.; Mathew, Robert, About Winchester College, London: Macmillan, 1917
• Custance, Roger, (ed.), Winchester College: Sixth Centenary Essays, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982
• Dilke, Christopher, Dr Moberly’s Mint-Mark: A Study of Winchester College, London: Heinemann, 1965
• Fearon, William A., The Passing of Old Winchester: Winchester: Winchester College, 1924
• Firth, J. D’E., Winchester College, Winchester: Winchester Publications, 1949
• Kirby, T. F., Annals of Winchester College, London and Winchester: Henry Frowde, 1892
• Leach, Arthur F., A History of Winchester College, London: Duckworth, 1899 (Review)
• Mansfield, Robert, School Life at Winchester College, London: John Camden Hotten, 1866
• Rich, Edward J. G. H., Recollections of the Two St. Mary Winton Colleges, Walsall and London: Edward Rich, 1883
• Sabben-Clare, James (1981). Winchester College. Paul Cave Publications.
• Stevens, Charles, Winchester Notions: The English Dialect of Winchester College, London: Athlone Press, 1998
• Tuckwell, William, The Ancient Ways: Winchester Fifty Years Ago, London: Macmillan, 1893
• Townsend Warner, Robert (1900). Winchester. London: George Bell and Sons.
• Walcott, Mackenzie E. C., William of Wykeham and his Colleges, London: David Nutt, 1852
• Wordsworth, Charles, The College of St Mary Winton near Winchester, Oxford and London: J. H. Parker, 1848

External links[edit]

• Official website
• «Winchester College, registered charity no. 1139000«. Charity Commission for England and Wales.

Several occasions and traditions established through the school’s long history still remain an active part of the calendar:  

Founder’s Obit

Originally four days were set aside each year to commemorate the death of the founder. Now, the event is marked in a service at Winchester Cathedral at which all new pupils are welcomed to the school, and afterwards attend a dinner hosted by the Warden in College Hall.  

Domum

Domum is an event for leavers and their parents held at the end of the Summer term. The name is taken from the school song, Domum, Dulce Domum, which is sung several times during the course of the evening. Medal Speaking takes place at Domum: the Warden presents Medals, four of them Queen’s Medals struck at the Royal Mint, to mark achievements of distinction.  

Admission of Scholars

This ceremony inducts academic Scholars to the school. The Housemaster of College (known as the Master in College) introduces each Scholar to the Warden who then, wearing the Founder’s Ring, admits the Scholar in a short ceremony unaltered over the centuries.  

Admission of Quiristers

The Headmaster welcomes all new Quiristers to the choir in a ceremony held in the school’s Chapel. At the same ceremony he also presents a surplice (white choir robe) to all Quiristers who have passed their probationary year.  

Illumina

Parents, pupils and staff come together at the end of the autumn term for Illumina (short for Illumination). Candles cover the medieval walls surrounding the playing fields, and a large bonfire is lit. The event commemorates the removal in 1862 of a wall which separated those boys housed in College (known as Scholars or College Men) from boys who lived outside the College walls (known as Commoners). The removal of the wall gave greater recreational space to Commoners and allowed both sets of boys to play with and against each other. Just before the wall was removed, Commoners placed lit candle stubs into niches in the wall.  View our virtual Illumina 2020.

Morning Hills

Morning Hills takes place each year (either in the summer or autumn term) and involves the whole school ascending St Catherine’s Hill. The ceremony was established in 1884 in order to emphasise the school’s historic right of access to and use of the Hill. Once at the top, each pupil’s name is read aloud, followed by prayers.  

Amicabilis Concordia

Amicabilis Concordia takes place in October each year when the Chapel choirs of Eton and Winchester join together to sing Evensong. The Warden of Winchester and the Provost of Eton attend the service, with other members of the school communities, after which a dinner is held in College Hall. The two schools take it in turns to host this annual event. It celebrates an agreement made in 1444 whereby Eton and Winchester, and their respective university colleges, New College Oxford and King’s College Cambridge, promised mutually to defend each other’s rights should it be required.  

Ad Portas

Dating back to the school’s origins, Ad Portas is the highest honour the school can bestow upon a guest. The ceremony takes place in the medieval heart of the College, known as Chamber Court, and the whole school is in attendance. Members of the Royal Family and the Bishops of Winchester have been welcomed at the school with the ceremony, in addition to honouring distinguished alumni, such as politicians, judges, academics and inventors.

Winchester College – школа-пансион, основанная в 14-ом веке, в 1382 году. Это одна из самых старейших школ в Великобритании, а также одна из самых красивых. Школа занимает территорию в 101 гектар и включают в себя природный заповедник Fallodon, поддерживаемый школой, собственные холмы, которые являются зонами общего доступа, игровые поля и сады.

Колледж предлагает такой подход к образованию, который развивает у учеников:

• разумное и критическое понимание мира;
• сильные коммуникативные навыки, основанные на систематическом чтении и обсуждении;
• уверенную способность мыслить самостоятельно и уникально;
• способность жить в сообществе, в котором интеллектуальная жизнь является одной из первоочередных задач;
• тягу к учёбе в университете;
• искреннюю скромность манер.

Девочек принимают в старшую школу с 16 лет.

В школе обучается около 700 учеников.

Директор (на 2022 г.)

Доктор Тимоти Хэндс, образование — Guildhall School; King’s College London; Оксфордский университет.

Знаменитые выпускники школы

• Лорд Альфред Брюс Дуглас, английский автор, поэт и переводчик, более известным как друг писателя Оскара Уайльда.

• Капитан Джеймс Роберт «Джек» Уайт, один из соучредителей Ирландской гражданской армии.

• Годфрей Харольд Харди, математик.

• Патрик Гейл, писатель.

• Джордж Акворт Конкист, англо-американский историк и поэт, известный своими влиятельными произведениями о советской истории.

• Джозеф Хилл Уэдон, американский сценарист, кинорежиссёр, автор комиксов, композитор и актёр. Создатель нескольких телевизионных сериалов, в т.ч. «Баффи истребительница вампиров», «Ангел».

• Том Старридж, английский актёр (фильмы «Быть Джулией», «Рок-волна»)

Ключевые факторы

• Академические успехи школы очень высокие.

• В школе проходит два «Дня карьеры» каждый год, давая ученикам возможность встретиться с преподавателями по приёму из лучших университетов Великобритании.

• В колледже существует широкий круг обществ, некоторые из которых основаны и управляются самими учениками.

• Почти все ученики после окончания школы поступают в лучшие университеты Великобритании, некоторые поступают в университеты США и Европы. Ежегодно около трети выпускников поступают в Оксфорд или Кембридж.

Оснащение

Многие здания школы исторические, относятся к 14-му и 17-го веку и имеют национальное значение, часовня в их числе. Здания более поздних построек: концертный зал, театр, музыкальное школа, школа наук, школа искусств и центр физического воспитания (включающий фитнес-зал и 25-метровый бассейн), а также корты для бадминтона и для игры в мяч, 4 корта для сквоша.

Десять из одиннадцати домов-пансионов находятся «за пределами кампуса», и их можно найти на улицах к юго-востоку от города. Учеников можно увидеть в течение всего дня на улицах Винчестера, они перемещаются к игровым полям, в отдельно размещённые здания школы, где расположены отделения дизайна и технология, географии, физического воспитания и музыки. Именно это лёгкое взаимодействие между городом и школой создаёт особую открытую атмосферу.

Программа

GCSE

Двухгодичная программа для получения сертификата об общем среднем образовании. Обязательные для изучения 6 предметов, 4 предмета изучаются по выбору.

A-level

Двухгодичная программа по подготовке к поступлению в университет. Ученики выбирают 4 или 5 предметов для углубленного изучения.
Подробнее о программе A-level

Проживание

Проживание в резиденции в одном из 11 домов, в каждом доме живет до 60 учеников. Каждый дом представляет собой единое сообщество, где ученики могут отдохнуть, сделать уроки и пообщаться с друзьями. 

Спорт

Спорт и физические упражнения играют важную роль в повседневной жизни учеников и их образовании в колледже. Школа предоставляет всеобъемлющую развивающую программу с более чем 30 видами спорта, здесь есть что выбрать каждому:

• Айкидо

• Баскетбол

• Крикет

• Кросс-кантри

• Фехтование

• Гольф

• Хоккей

• Дзюдо

• Карате

• Бадминтон

• Футбол

• Парусный спорт

• Сквош

• Теннис

• Водное поло

Тренера сами являются бывшими международными спортсменами. Ученики часто представляют школу на уровне региона, страны и даже на национальном уровне.

Дополнительные занятия

В Winchester College много внеклассных мероприятий:

• Изобразительное искусство

• Театр

• Музыка

• Дизайн и технологии

• Стрельба

• Кадетский корпус

• Рыбалка

• Фитнес

• Клуб дебатов

• Клуб астрономии

• Шахматный клуб

• Переплетение книг

• Звонарное искусство

• Программа на награду Герцога Эдинбургского и др.

В дополнение есть возможность услышать ораторов мирового класса и музыкантов.

Всех учеников активно поощряют к участию во сообществах и мероприятиях.. Многие берут на себя ответственность в рамках этих групп и получают много полезного опыта в обучении тому, как организовать и запустить их. 

Ученики в Винчестере принимают участие в школьных поездках в течение всего времени в школе. Некоторые из них являются частью академической программы и проходят в течение семестра, но большинство из них являются необязательными поездками и проходят во время школьных каникул. Каждая поездка дает ценный образовательный опыт, который помогает ребятам стать всесторонне развитыми людьми.

Стоимость 2022-2023

£15,312 в семестр.
В учебном году 3 семестра.

В стоимость включено

• Обучение

• Проживание и питание

Дополнительно оплачивается

• Регистрационный взнос — £375
• Плата за поступление — £1,000
• Депозит — £10,000
• Авиаперелет
• Трансферы в из/аэропорта
• Виза
• Услуги образовательной компании
• Подбор опекуна, который является обязательным требованием британской школы

Услуги Paradise Education London и их стоимость

Как выбрать школу

О среднем образовании в Великобритании

British Public Schools

Hi, I’m Katia. I got interested in British independent school. I’d like to share with you what I’ve found out about Winchester College.

Winchester College is a well-known boys’ school. It is an example of a British public school. The school is located in the city of Winchester in Hampshire, England. Its official name is Collegium Sanctae Mariae prope Wintoniam (or Collegium Beatae Mariae Wintoniensis prope Winton), or St Mary’s College near Winchester. The school is commonly just called “Winchester”.

Winchester is a city and the county town of Hampshire, England. The city lies at the heart of the wider City of Winchester, a local government district, and is located at the western end of the South Downs National Park, along the course of the River Itchen.

Winchester developed from the Roman town of Venta Belgarum. Winchester’s major landmark is Winchester Cathedral, one of the largest cathedrals in Europe, with the distinction of having the longest nave and overall length of all Gothic cathedrals in Europe.

The city is home to the University of Winchester and Winchester College, the oldest public school in the United Kingdom still to be using its original buildings.

Winchester College is one of the world’s most famous and distinguished schools. The school is defined by its motto, Manners Makyth Man. This motto is hundreds of years old but has a surprisingly modern spirit. Its sentiment is that we should be measured not by birth but by our personal qualities, a surprisingly meritocratic sentiment for a school that was founded in 1382.

Winchester has existed for over six hundred years. It has the longest unbroken history of any school in England. It is the oldest of the original nine English public schools as defined by the Public Schools Act 1868.  37% of students go to Cambridge or Oxford.

Winchester College was founded in 1382 by William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor to Richard II. The first seventy students from the arisctocrats entered the school in 1394. It was founded with New College, Oxford. Winchester was built to get students ready to attend New College. This was the model for Eton College and King’s College, Cambridge. 

The Bishop of Winchester was not only the founder of the school, he was a true innovator in the education business. Thanks to the system developed by him, a well-known British approach to the education of young people has been formed, which in the future will occupy a prominent position in the state and simply succeed in life.

Contemporary Winchester College is still one of the most prestigious secondary education institutions in the UK. The college grounds are spread over 250 acres of scenic grounds. It also includes protected forests, first-class golf courses, and landscaped parks.

Winchester is 110 km from London. The city enjoys excellent transport links and proximity to the country’s main airport. More than 1000 years ago, Winchester had the status of a capital, so it has many historical monuments, landmarks and beautiful architecture.

Winchester College attracts attention not only by the history and high quality of educational services, but also by location. The city in which it is located, once had the status of the capital. The Winchester Castle was the meeting place of the Knights of the Round Table, led by King Arthur. Other attractions are quite a lot in the city. For example, the longest Gothic cathedral in Europe. Learning in Winchester is not only prestigious, but also very interesting. Here you can learn many facts of English history, which you will not find in textbooks.

Today the College educates around 700 boys aged 13 to 18, with the 70 scholars still housed in these medieval buildings.

Admission to the College is by guided tour only; these are available all year except between Christmas and New Year. As the College is a working school, some venues may be unavailable due to School use.

Winchester College, known informally as Winchester, is considered to be one of the finest independent boarding schools in the United Kingdom. It is one of only five independent English boarding schools remaining which offer an all-male, all boarding school education. Fees: £33750

Sports provision is diverse, but focused on cricket, tennis and association football. Pupils are given choice as far as possible in their physical education and facilities include a 25m swimming pool.

Today the contingent of pupils is represented mainly by the natives of London, Hampshire, other regions of Great Britain. Foreign students in the school are not more than 20%.

The school is valued for academic rank. Each student of the school is intellectually developed, curious, has an interesting hobby. Many graduates take a decision to receive higher education in England. Priority is Oxford University. Also yesterday’s students of the school easily enter the universities of the Ivy League. Successful results of entrance examinations are often due not so much to the actual level of academic training, but to the sincere love of young men for learning, a passion for studying.

The Ivy League is an American collegiate athletic conference comprising sports teams from eight priviate universities in the Northeastern United States. The term Ivy League is typically used to refer to those eight schools as a group of elite colleges beyond the sports context. The eight members are

• Brown University
• Columbia University
• Cornell University
• Dartmouth College
• Harvard University
• University of Pennsylvania
• Princeton University
• Yale University

Ivy League has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions and social elitism.

Graduates of the school work in many fields of activity. Among them there are politicians, businessmen, creative personalities, experts in the field of medicine, psychology, pedagogy.

The college belongs to the category of highly selective British boarding schools. It’s very difficult to enter into it. Especially it concerns foreign applicants.

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