Рассказ про курск на английском языке

Курск – один из старейших городов России. Поэтому свое повествование о нем можно начать с первых известных страниц его истории.

Officially, the story of the place of Kursk began in 1094. But the first written mention about this settlement, dated 1032, was detected in the work “The Life of Theodosius of Pechory”. Официально, история города Курска началась в 1094 году. Но первое письменное упоминание об этом населенном пункте, датируемое 1032 годом, обнаружено в произведении “Житие Феодосия Печёрского”.

Далее важно дать сведения об удачном географическом расположении Курска, а также о его территориальной площади, административном устройстве и количестве жителей.

Kursk is located on the district of the flow of the three rivers, Tuskari, Seimas and Kura. The Kursk consists of three districts: Central, Railway, Seim. The area of the Kursk is 190,75 square. It is home to about 500000 habitants. Город Курск расположен на месте протекания трех рек Тускари, Сеймы и Куры. Административно Курск состоит из трех районов: Центрального, Железнодорожного, Сеймского. Площадь Курска составляет 190,75 км². Проживает здесь почти 500000 человек.

Также всегда привлекают внимание достопримечательности расположенные на территории Курска. Их в городе и его окрестностях много, но здесь представлены только два памятника.

On the street of Pioneers there is House of merchant Khloponin. The construction appeared in the 18th century. From the early 90’s it is a Regional museum of archeology. Great interest is the cathedral of the St. Sergiyev-Kazan (Gorky street). The grand building was erected in the period 26 years (from 1752 to 1778). The religious object was built in the Elizabethan baroque style. На улице Пионеров находится особняк купца Хлопонина.

Данное сооружение появилось в 18 столетии. С начала 90-х годов в нем размещается Областной музей археологии. Большой интерес вызывает Сергиево-Казанский собор (ул. Горького). Грандиозную конструкцию возводили в течение 26 лет (с 1752 по 1778 год). Построен храм в стиле барокко елизаветинской эпохи.

Здесь можно добавить общие сведения о городе.

Kursk is administrative center of Kursk Region. This city is a big cultural, scientific, industrial center of Russia with a well-developed infrastructure. Курск – административный центр Курского региона. Также это большой культурный, промышленный и научный центр Федерации с отлично развитой инфраструктурой.

History of Kursk

The first settlements on the territory of Kursk

About 20 thousand years ago, when a significant part of Europe was covered by the glacier, people already lived on the territory of present-day Kursk. They lived in dugouts and hunted mammoths. In the Neolithic era, about 12 thousand years ago, when the ice receded, the climate of the Kursk region changed and people began to settle more actively by the rivers. The settlements of ancient people of this era were found in some local villages and in Kursk itself.

In the Bronze Age, about 6 thousand years ago, people also began to engage in cattle breeding and agriculture. Bronze Age burials discovered in the center of Kursk date back to the 2nd millennium BC. In the early Iron Age, iron smelting began based on numerous deposits of iron ore.

From the 7th to the 5th centuries BC, fortified settlements appeared in the region. At that time, the first fortress was built at the mouth of the Tuskar and Kur rivers. It is possible that even 2,500 years ago this settlement had a name similar to the current one (Kursk). However, the first fortress did not last long; the population left it in connection with the Sarmatian invasion.

In the first half of the 1st millennium AD, tribes of the Chernyakhov culture lived in the northern part and in the west of the Kursk region. Later, the Huns led the Chernyakhov culture to decline, but did not destroy it. On the territory of the Kursk region, settlements of this culture lasted until the 5th-6th centuries AD.

More Historical Facts…

Architecture of Kursk

Kursk — Features

Kursk, located in the forest-steppe zone, is one of the most environmentally friendly large cities in Russia. In 2013, it was recognized as the most environmentally friendly large city in Russia according to the rating of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation.

The climate of the city is temperate continental. Winters are moderately cold, although there are thaws, severe frosts are rare. Summers are unstable. Clear, hot weather is often replaced by cool, rainy. The average temperature in January is minus 7.2 degrees Celsius, in July — plus 21.5 degrees Celsius.

Kursk is a large industrial center. The city has a developed electrical industry, instrument-making and machine-tool industries, production of machinery and equipment for the agricultural sector, food and processing industries, production of commercial equipment, bearings and batteries, production of chemical fibers and rubber products, furniture, medicines, food stuffs, etc.

The Kursk magnetic anomaly, located in the Kursk and Belgorod regions, is the largest iron ore deposit on Earth.

This city is an important transport hub of central Russia. Two important railway lines pass through Kursk: Moscow — Kharkiv (Ukraine) and Voronezh — Kyiv (Ukraine). Vostochny airport offers regular flights to Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sochi. The roads of the city have access to the federal highways M2 “Crimea”, A144 (Kursk — Voronezh — Saratov), and R199 (Kursk — the border with Ukraine). City public transport is represented by buses, trolleybuses, trams, electric buses, and minibuses.

Kursk was named after the Kur River, on the banks of which it was founded. According to one of the local legends, it was named after partridges (“kuropatka” in Russian), abundantly found in this area. This legend is reflected on the arms of Kursk on which you can see three flying partridges. The City Day of Kursk is celebrated on the last Sunday of September.

Kursk is rich in architectural monuments of the 17th-19th century. Its central square, as in Moscow, is called Krasnaya (Red) Square.

Main Attractions of Kursk

The Battle of Kursk Memorial Complex — an alley opened to the 55th anniversary of the Battle of Kursk in 1998. Here you can see a monument to Marshal Georgy Zhukov, military equipment, the Church of St. George the Victorious. The central place of the memorial complex is occupied by the Triumphal Arch with an equestrian statue of George the Victorious with a spear in his hand. Pobedy Avenue.

Znamensky Cathedral (1816-1826) — a magnificent Orthodox church built in the center of Kursk in honor of the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812 (the French invasion of Russia). The church was constructed in the style of classicism with features of the Western European Renaissance. It is a monument of architecture of federal significance. Lunacharskogo Street, 4.

Sergiev Kazan Cathedral (1752-1778) — a church built in the style of the Elizabethan Baroque resembling a magnificent palace, a monument of architecture of federal significance. Maksima Gorkogo Street, 27.

Catholic Church of Our Lady of the Assumption (1896) — a picturesque building constructed in neo-Gothic style. The artist Kazimir Malevich, the creator of the famous “Black Square”, was married in this church. Marata Street, 31.

Kursk Regional Museum of Local Lore. In total, this museum has over 181 thousand exhibits including collections of beads, porcelain, weapons, numismatics, paintings, rare books, furniture, and costumes.

It is located in a building that is an architectural monument of the 19th century and has three main departments: the department of nature, the department of the history of the pre-revolutionary period, and also the department of the history of Soviet society. Lunacharskogo Street, 6.

Kursk Museum of Archeology. This museum is located in the only preserved secular building of the mid-18th century in Kursk, constructed in the architectural style of Moscow Russia of the 16th-18th centuries (the house of the merchant Khloponin). The museum has ancient tools, ceramics, jewelry, sculptures, weapons, household utensils, coins. Pionerov Street, 6.

Kursk Art Gallery named after Aleksandr Deyneka. The collection of this art museum has more than 8,000 works of Russian and Western European art of the 16th-20th centuries, including paintings, sculptures, graphics, decorative and folk art. The collection of works created by the artist Aleksandr Deyneka, who was born in Kursk, is also of great interest. Radishcheva Street, 85.

The building of the Noble Assembly (1877) — a three-story red and white brick building constructed in the eclectic style in the center of Kursk, a monument of architecture of federal significance. This is one of the most picturesque buildings in Kursk. It houses the Military History Museum of the Battle of Kursk. Sonina Street, 4.

Kursk also has a drama theater, a puppet theater, a circus, a philharmonic society, and a planetarium.

Kursk Курск
City[1]
Kursk street view
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Kursk
Kursk Location of Kursk Kursk Kursk (European Russia) Kursk Kursk (Europe)
Coordinates: 51°43′N 36°11′E / 51.717°N 36.183°ECoordinates: 51°43′N 36°11′E / 51.717°N 36.183°E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Kursk Oblast[1]
First mentioned	1032[2]
City status since	1779[3]
Government
• Body	Kursk City Assembly (Russian: Курское городское Собрание)
• Head	Alexander Zakurdayev
Area [4]
• Total	188.75 km2 (72.88 sq mi)
Elevation	250 m (820 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[5]
• Total	415,159
• Estimate  (2018)[6]	448,733 (+8.1%)
• Rank	42nd in 2010
• Density	2,200/km2 (5,700/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	city of oblast significance of Kursk[1]
• Capital of	Kursk Oblast[7][8], Kursky District[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Kursk Urban Okrug[9]
• Capital of	Kursk Urban Okrug[9], Kursky Municipal District[9]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [10])
Postal code(s)[11]	305000
Dialing code(s)	+7 4712
OKTMO ID	38701000001
City Day	September 25
Website	www.kurskadmin.ru

Kursk (Russian: Курск, IPA: [ˈkursk]) is a city and the administrative center of Kursk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kur, Tuskar, and Seym rivers. The area around Kursk was the site of a turning point in the Soviet–German struggle during World War II and the site of the largest tank battle in history. Population: 440,052 (2021 Census);^[12]

Geography[edit]

Urban layout[edit]

Kursk was originally built as a fortress city, on a hill dominating the plain. The settlement was surrounded on three sides by steep cliffs and rivers. From the west, the Kur river, from the south and east, the Tuskar river, and from the north, forest thickets approached it. By 1603, Kursk had become a large military, administrative and economic center of a vast territory in the south of the country. The new fortress was built under the leadership of the governor Ivan Polev and Nelyub Ogaryov. The Kursk fortress was given a particularly important role, since in these places the Crimean Tatars, who made regular raids on Russia, traditionally crossed the Seym river, and their main road, the Muravsky Trail, passed east of the city. In this regard, Kursk, despite not being part of the Belgorod Protection Line,^[13] it became one of the most important fortresses in the southern region. The importance of the Kursk fortress is evident by the fact that in the first half of the 17th century it significantly surpassed other cities in southern Russia in terms of the number of people. In 1616 there were 1600 people in the Kursk garrison.^[14]

By 1782, the buildings of Kursk were located on the heights of two hills and in the valley of the Kur River. On the banks of the river were meadows and pastures. The city streets that laid on the slopes of the hills had steep ascents and descents in many places, so that travel in the city was almost everywhere made uphill. The presence of six ravines that cut through the hill of the Nagornaya part significantly hampered the development of Kursk. Heavy rains sometimes eroded the soil of the hillsides and formed ditches and gullies. The plan of Kursk in 1782 was to be implemented in the conditions of the existing buildings of the city. In the 1880s Kursk was already a significant settlement. It housed 14 churches not including the churches of the Znamensky Monastery. Most of them were stone and built around the time period 1730–1786. By 1782 Kursk was almost entirely built up with wooden houses. Fences and services went out in the direction of the streets, and houses were hidden in the depths of the courtyards. Many streets and lanes were no wider than 2.5 — 3m. The only stone mansion that has survived after the redevelopment to the present time is located at the corner of Pionerov (former Troitskaya) and Gaidar (former Zolotarevskaya) streets. On the eve of Perestroika, there were powerful fortifications and natural obstacles in the center of Kursk. Settlements were located around the city. Cossack and Pushkarnaya were on the slopes of the hills and in the valley of the Kur River, Yamskaya — away from the city, on the plain. At that time, Yamskaya was a small village concentrated around the Vvedenskaya church. The settlements Streletskaya and Kozhevenny were located in the lowlands and were often flooded by the Tuskar river.^[15]

The principle of regularity was applied in the structure of the general layout of Kursk. On the plan of 1782 Kursk is shown as consisting of two parts: city or Nagornaya and Zakurnaya. They are separated from each other by the Kura river valley. Each of these parts is divided into regular rectangular blocks located on both sides of the planned main streets — Bolshaya Moskovskaya (Lenina) and Kherson (Dzerzhinsky). In the city Nagornaya part, 19 streets were planned, and in the Zakurnaya part — 24 streets. At the entrance to the city, at the beginning of both Moskovskaya and Kherson streets, it was planned to arrange the entrance squares. The remains of the former prison were destroyed, and “the moat was buried according to the plan of the city, which was most confirmed in 1782, and a square called“ red ”was made in its place. The construction of small areas was also envisaged for a number of churches throughout the city. The territory of both parts of the city, where it was not limited by rivers and deep ravines, was planned to be surrounded by a ditch and a rampart. The area occupied by the city according to the new plan totaled approximately 3060 thousand square fathoms, which corresponds to 12.24 square kilometers. The main drawback of the project was that it did not take into account the complex relief of the Kursk area. The structure of the plan, correct and orderly on paper, required significant revision, additions and even minor changes. The numerous proposals of the Kursk governors A.A. Prozorovsky, F.N. Nicknames, A.B. Debalmena, A.A. Bekleshov, included in the city planning, made it possible to bring the scheme closer to reality.^[16]

The purpose of the redevelopment was complete accounting and control of residents. For this, the city was divided under the governor Aleksandr Bekleshov into 4 parts, each of which was managed by a private bailiff. The redevelopment of the city was begun by the provincial surveyor Ivan Fedorovich Bashilov, the district surveyor Ivan Shoshin, the provincial architects Vasily Yakovlev, Lavrenty Kalinovsky. Since 1783, decisions on redevelopment issues were made by a commission in the amount of 3 officials, namely the provincial land surveyor, the mayor and the city magistrate’s ratman. The new urban structure — a rectangular quarter with residents of the same income, one estate — greatly facilitated the accounting and control of the inhabitants by the authorities. The center of the city, built up with stone buildings, was to take on a new, «ceremonial» appearance. These requirements were met by the resettlement of residents on the basis of class. The most significant government buildings erected in Kursk by the end of the 18th century. in accordance with the plan, confirmed by Catherine II, these were public places, a prison, a guest house, the main public school, a house of a noble assembly. The building of the bank office, magistrate and post office was located along the red lines of the development of Florovskaya and Moskovskaya streets. The general plan for the development of Kursk was adopted in 1782. It was built according to a regular plan with a clear rectangular grid of streets. It was based on the two main streets Moskovskaya and Khersonskaya (now Lenin and Dzerzhinsky), converging at right angles on Red Square.^[17]

A city hospital, a regimental infirmary, an almshouse, and salt shops were built. The most notable private houses of the late 18th century that have survived to this day are the houses of the landowner Denisiev (corner of Sadovaya and Semyonovskaya) and the official Puzanov (Dzerzhinsky, 70), as well as the «house of the treasurer» (corner of Radishcheva and Marata). The main significance of the general city plan of 1782 is that for about 150 years it remained the only document that determined the development of the city of Kursk. The next master plan appeared only in 1947, after the Second World War.^[18] The number of residential buildings from 1786 to 1836 increased insignificantly, from 1989 houses to 2782 houses. If any building did not correspond to the confirmed plan, it was demolished.

The bulk of government buildings (offices, post office, magistrate, prison, drinking houses, pharmacies, hospital) were built at the end of the 18th century. At the beginning of the 19th century, construction was carried out insignificantly: offices were repaired, a new prison was built, almost half of Kursk’s streets had stone pavements, along which storm sewer grooves were laid. The streets were named Sergievskaya, Tuskarnaya Naberezhnaya, Staraya, Novaya Preobrazhensky, General’s line, Soldier’s, Druzhininskaya, Pastukhovskaya. Zolotarevskaya, Avraamovskaya, and so on.^[19] On July 10, 1808, five settlements (Sloboda) of Kursk (Podyacheskaya, Soldatskaya, Gorodovy Sluzhby, Malyrossiyskaya, Rassylnaya) became part of the city. The settlements surrounding Kursk (Kazatskaya, Pushkarskaya, Yamskaya, Streletskaya) became part of the city only after 1917. The Kozhevennaya Sloboda disappeared from the city plan by the 1940s. The layout of the settlements was as regular as in the provincial center. Urban pasture land was located between the Seim River, on the border of the 3rd district of Kursk and the Big Post Road from Kursk to Oboyan.

History[edit]

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1989	424,239	—
2002	412,442	−2.8%
2010	415,159	+0.7%
2021	440,052	+6.0%

The first written record of Kursk is dated 1032.^[2] It was mentioned as one of Severian towns by Prince Igor in The Tale of Igor’s Campaign:

Saddle, brother, your swift steeds. As to mine, they are ready, saddled ahead, near Kursk; as to my Kurskers, they are famous knights—swaddled under war-horns, nursed under helmets, fed from the point of the lance; to them the trails are familiar, to them the ravines are known, the bows they have are strung tight, the quivers, unclosed, the sabers, sharpened; themselves, like gray wolves, they lope in the field, seeking for themselves honor, and for their prince, glory.^[20]

The seat of a minor principality, Kursk was raided by the Polovtsians in the 12th and 13th centuries. Destroyed by the Mongols under Batu Khan around 1237, the city was rebuilt no later than 1283. Between 1360 and 1508, it was ruled by Grand Duchy of Lithuania . Kursk joined the centralized Russian state in 1508, becoming its southern border province.

However, a century later the city re-emerged in a new place; date of re-considered grounds Kursk 1586 [9]. In 1596 a new fortress was built, in 1616 it was garrisoned by over 1,300 soldiers. At the beginning of the 17th century, Kursk was repeatedly attacked by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth forces (in 1612, 1616, 1617, and 1634), the Crimean Khanate, and the Nogai horde, but the Kursk fortress was never taken.

Residents of Oryol and other southern Russian cities were resettled in Kursk (by 1678 2,800 had been resettled). The city developed due to its advantageous geographical position on the shortest route from Moscow to the Crimea and from Moscow to Kiev. It was an important center of the corn trade with Ukraine and hosted an important fair, which took place annually under the walls of the monastery of Our Lady of Kursk.

It was successively part of the Kiev Governorate (1708–1727), Belgorod Governorate (1727–1779), and Kursk Viceroyalty (1779–1797). The town status was granted to Kursk in 1779,^[3] and it became the administrative center of Kursk Governorate in 1797.

After a fire in 1781 devastated Kursk, a new plan for the city was developed in which a market center would be placed in the central square, known as the Red Square. In 1768, the Voskresensko-Ilinskaya Church was built (Russian: Воскресенско-Ильинская церковь). In 1778 both the baroque Sergiev Cathedral and Trinity-Sergius Cathedral were completed. The city opened its first school for nobility in 1783. A men’s gymnasium was opened in 1808 and a seminary in 1817. A women’s gymnasium was opened in 1872.^[21]

At the beginning of the 20th century Kursk played a dominant role in the food industry (Kvilitsu AK, one of the largest breweries in Russia, operated in Kursk) and in other industries; in the 1900s, the city had 4 sitoproboynye shops (of which the largest was the Tikhonov works, whose products were exported to Germany, Austria-Hungary, etc.). There were several engineering enterprises operating in Kursk (in 1914 there were seven, including a railroad one). The working conditions in the factories of Kursk were harsh, and workers’ strikes were frequent (for instance, the workers at the sugar mill went on strike in 1901–1903). The Kursk workers also participated in the general political strike during the 1905 Russian Revolution.

On November 26 (December 9 — new style), 1917 the Soviets took power in Kursk. On September 20, 1919, the city was taken over by the troops under the command of General Denikin; however, on November 19, 1919, Kursk was retaken by the Red Army.

The Soviet government valued Kursk for its rich deposits of iron ore and developed it into one of the major railroad hubs in the Russian southwest. In 1932, Yamskaya Sloboda was incorporated into the city. In 1935, Kursk got its first tram system. Sometime in the 1930s, the area of the city of Kursk was divided into Leninsky District (the left bank of the Kura River), Dzerzhinsky District (the right bank of the Kura River) and Kirov District (Yamskaya Sloboda). In 1937 Stalinsky District was formed at the southern outskirts of the city.

During World War II, Kursk was occupied by Germany between November 4, 1941 – February 8, 1943. In July 1943, the Germans launched Operation Citadel in an attempt to recapture Kursk. During the resulting Battle of Kursk, the village of Prokhorovka near Kursk became the center of a major armoured engagement – the Battle of Prokhorovka – between Soviet and German forces, which is widely considered to have been one of the largest tank battles in history. Operation Citadel was the last major German offensive against the Soviet Union.

Rebuilding efforts in the city began in February 1944. The cultural life recovered as well: on 19 February a cinema was reopened and on February 27 — a drama theatre. In 1953 the tram system began operating again. By 1950 the urban economy had been completely restored. On 17 August 1956, Stalinsky District was renamed Promishlenost District, and Dzerzhinsky District was abolished and its territory divided between Promishlenost and Leninsky Districts.

In 2009, for the first time in 90 years at the site of Theotokos of Kursk, the most revered icon in the Russian Orthodox Church, received the name Hodigitria Russian diaspora.

Until 2010, Kursk had the status of historical settlement, but the Russian Ministry of Culture deprived the city of this status on 29 July 2010 in resolution No. 418/339.

On 29 October 2011, for the first time in 30 years, the city opened a new firehouse for the protection of the Central District, with modern equipment. In 2012, Kursk celebrated its 980th anniversary.

Administrative and municipal status[edit]

Kursk is the administrative center of the oblast^[7][8] and, within the framework of administrative divisions, it also serves as the administrative center of Kursky District, even though it is not a part of it.^[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the city of oblast significance of Kursk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.^[1] As a municipal division, the city of oblast significance of Kursk is incorporated as Kursk Urban Okrug.^[9]

Economy and infrastructure[edit]

In addition to its importance as an administrative hub, Kursk is important as an industrial centre. Activity focuses on iron based industry, the chemical sector and a large food processing industry, reflecting the richness of agriculture in the surrounding «Black Earth» region.

Particularly noteworthy is the so-called Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (Russian: Курская магнитная аномалия), the world’s largest known iron-ore reserve, where the iron content of the ore ranges from 35% up to 60%.

In Kurchatov, some 40 km (25 mi) to the south-west, is the Kursk Nuclear Power Plant, incorporating four RBMK-1000 («High Power Channel-type Reactor») (Russian: Реактор Большой Мощности Канальный) reactors similar to those implicated in the 1986 Chernobyl disaster. The oldest of the Kursk reactors has been operational since 1977, and the newest of them since 1986.

Attractions[edit]

The oldest building in Kursk is the upper church of the Trinity Monastery, a good example of the transition style characteristic of Peter the Great’s early reign. The oldest lay building is the so-called Romodanovsky Chamber, although it was erected in all probability in the mid-18th century, when the Romodanovsky family had ceased to exist.

The city cathedral was built between 1752 and 1778 in the splendid Baroque style and was decorated so sumptuously that many art historians attributed it to Bartolomeo Rastrelli. Although Rastrelli’s authorship is out of the question, the cathedral is indeed the most impressive monument of Elizabethan Baroque not to be commissioned by the imperial family or built in the imperial capital.

The cathedral has two stories, with the lower church consecrated to St. Sergius of Radonezh and the upper one — to the Theotokos of Kazan. The upper church is noted for an intricate icon screen which took sixteen years to complete. The three-story cathedral bell tower derives peculiar interest from the fact that Seraphim of Sarov, whose father took part in construction works, survived an accidental fall from its top floor at the age of seven. The Resurrection Church is also shown where St. Seraphim was baptized.

The monastery cathedral of the Sign (1816–26) is another imposing edifice, rigorously formulated in the purest Neoclassical style, with a cupola measuring 20 meters (66 ft) in diameter and rising 48 meters (157 ft) high. The interior was formerly as rich as colored marbles, gilding, and frescoes could make it. During the Soviet period, the cathedral was desecrated, four lateral domes and twin belltowers over the entrance pulled down. There are plans to restore the church to its former glory.

The modern city is a home for several universities: Kursk State Medical University, State Technical University, Kursk State University (former Pedagogical University) and Agricultural Academy, as well as the private Regional Open Social Institute (ROSI). There are also modern shrines and memorials commemorating the Battle of Kursk, both in the city and in Prokhorovka.

The Command Station Bunker & Museum was built specifically in memorial of the courageous Russian T-34 tank units that fought in the Battle of Kursk, where a T-34 tank is on display. Over 6,000 armored vehicles fought in close range over the open territory near Kursk in 1943.^[22] This battle stopped the German advance into the Kursk Salient, and was a turning point of World War II on the Eastern Front.

Kursk played a role in the Cold War as host to Khalino air base.

Nearby is Tsentralno-Chernozemny Zapovednik, a large section of steppe soil that has never been plowed. It is used for a variety of research purposes.

Education[edit]

• 

• 

  Regional Financial and Economic Institute

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  Kursk State Agricultural Academy

• 

Transportation[edit]

Since 1868 there has been a railway connection between Kursk and Moscow.^[23] Kursk is located on a major railway line between Moscow and Kharkov, with trains also linking the city to Voronezh and Kiev. The Kursk Vostochny Airport provides domestic flights. Public transport includes buses, trolleybuses, and trams. Since 2007, the public transport introduced a satellite navigation system. The total length of the road network of the city of Kursk is 595.8 km, of which 496.2 km of roads are paved. Roads of the city have access to federal highway M2 «Crimea», as well as on the highway A144 (Kursk — Voronezh — Saratov) and P199 (border with Ukraine).

Kursk bound intercity bus routes to cities and towns Kursk region and neighboring regions (Belgorod Oblast, Bryansk Oblast, Voronezh Oblast, Oryol Oblast), as well as Moscow, St. Petersburg and cities of Ukraine: Kharkiv and Sumy. Long-distance buses arrive and depart from the bus station «Kursk», located in the North-West part of the city.

On September 5, 2011, in Kursk commissioned automated monitoring system fare.^[24] Implementation of the system in operation is carried out by Kursk Integrated Ticket System was to take place in three stages: At the initial stage is implemented partially open version of the system, in which the sale of tickets and travel control social cards carried in the cabin of public transport conductors with handheld validators, the second stage involves the installation of stationary validators, third — commissioning turnstiles. After completion of the implementation, the automated monitoring system drive will operate in «closed» mode : turnstiles will be installed at the entrance and exit of passengers. As of September 2011 turnstiles installed on 44 buses, 10 trolley buses and trams 5.

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  LiAZ-5256 bus

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  ZiU-682G trolleybus

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  BKM-321 low-floor trolleybus

• 

  Tatra T3SU and Tatra T6B5SU trams

Culture and sports[edit]

Kursk State University is home to the Russian Chamber Orchestra, under the direction of conductor and trumpet soloist Sergey Proskurin. The orchestra performs regularly, tours internationally and has produced multiple CDs.^[25]

Pushkin Theater located in the center of the city. It has permanent company as well as visiting shows.

In 2016, the Russian Women’s Hockey League expanded to Kursk, with new club Dynamo Kursk.

The band Little Tragedies are originally from Kursk.

Media[edit]

Kursk hams since 1935 could receive television broadcasts from Moscow. In 1960, the Committee on Radio and Television was created by the Kursk Oblast Executive Committee. The first transmission of local television aired January 14, 1961.^[26] Main fixed line and cellular operators are active in the city.

Climate[edit]

Honors[edit]

• A minor planet 3073 Kursk discovered by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Chernykh in 1979 is named after the city.^[29]
• The Russian submarine Kursk was named after the city.

Notable people[edit]

• Georgy Sviridov, composer
• Valery Chaplygin, Olympic champion, cyclist
• Alexander Deyneka, painter, sculptor
• Alexander Rutskoy, politician
• Seraphim of Sarov, monk and saint
• The Tolmachevy Twins, singers
• Alexander Povetkin, Olympic champion, boxer
• Alexey Ivanovich Borozdin, musical therapist
• Yevgeny Klevtsov, Olympic medalist, cyclist
• Vyacheslav Klykov, sculptor
• Kazimir Malevich, painter
• Sergei Puskepalis, actor
• Mikhail Shchepkin, actor
• Little Tragedies, music band
• Pavel A. Pevzner, scientist
• Nikolay Karamyshev, racing driver

Twin towns – sister cities[edit]

Kursk is twinned with:^[30]

Former twin towns:

On 8 March 2022, the Polish city of Tczew ended its partnership with Kursk as a response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.^[31]

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

Sources[edit]

• Губернатор Курской области. Постановление №489 от 6 ноября 2008 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц населённых пунктов Курской области», в ред. Постановления №26-пг от 29 января 2013 г. «О внесении изменений и дополнений в Постановление Губернатора Курской области от 06.11.2008 №489 «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц населённых пунктов Курской области»». Вступил в силу 6 ноября 2008 г. (Governor of Kursk Oblast. Resolution #489 of November 6, 2008 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Inhabited Localities of Kursk Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #26-pg of January 29, 2013 On Amending and Supplementing Resolution #489 of the Governor of Kursk Oblast of November 6, 2008 «On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Inhabited Localities of Kursk Oblast». Effective as of November 6, 2008.).
• Курская областная Дума. Закон №48-ЗКО от 21 октября 2004 г. «О муниципальных образованиях Курской области», в ред. Закона №65-ЗКО от 23 августа 2011 г. «О внесении изменений и дополнений в Закон Курской области «О границах муниципальных образований Курской области», Закон Курской области «О муниципальных образованиях Курской области»». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: «Курская правда», №214, 30 октября 2004 г. (Kursk Oblast Duma. Law #48-ZKO of October 21, 2004 On the Municipal Formations of Kursk Oblast, as amended by the Law #65-ZKO of August 23, 2011 On Amending and Supplementing the Law of Kursk Oblast «On the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Kursk Oblast», Law of Kursk Oblast «On the Municipal Formations of Kursk Oblast». Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

External links[edit]

• «Kursk (town)» . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 954.
• Official website of Kursk (in Russian)
• Kursk Business Directory kursk.jsprav.ru (in Russian)
• Kursk music events
• Kursk road police

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I live in Russia. Russia is a big country. Russia has a beautiful nature. There are a lot of forests, rivers, fields, mountains and colourful landscapes. I live in Kursk region.Our region has the long, rich history. A lot of world — famous persons were born here. For example, the composer Georgi Sviridov, the writers Arkadij Gaidar and Konstantin Vorobyov, the architect Vyacheslav Klykov.But the most of all I like the nature of my region. I like to go to the forest because I can gather mushrooms and berries in autumn. In winter there is a lot of snow in my region. I can ski, skate and to boggan, play snowballs and make snowman with my friends. In summer I can swim in the river. Rivers in my country are wide, blue and nice. I swim with great pleasure. I like to ride my bike, too.In spring when I walk in forest I`m glad to hear the singing of Kursk nightingale. The singing of Kursk nightingale is famous in Russia and abroad.

У нас небольшая семья. Она состоит из 4 человек: моя мама, папа, сестра и я. Мою маму зовут Анна Петровна. Ей 40 лет. Она опытный врач. Анна Петровна очень красивая женщина. Она высокая и стройная. У неё большие карие глаза, вздернутый нос, длинные и светлые волосы. Моего папу зовут Борис Иванович. Ему 42 года. Он рабочий и очень любит свою работу. Он высокий. У него короткие и темные волосы, круглое лицо и большие серые глаза. Мою сестру зовут Таня. Ей 15 лет, и она ученик. Таня в 10 классе. Она учится достаточно хорошо и имеет много друзей. Моя сестра любит музыку и умеет играть на пианино. Меня зовут Лариса. У меня невысокий рост и стройная фигура. У меня длинные светлые волосы и голубые глаза. Я люблю современную одежду. Мне 14 лет, и я учусь в 9 классе. Русский язык, история и английский язык — мои самые любимые предметы. Я хочу использовать английский в своей будущей профессии. Одно из моих хобби — музыка. Я увлекаюсь танцами на дискотеках. Также мне нравится покупать и читать книги. Вечером все члены нашей семьи любят смотреть телевизор. Иногда мы ходим в театр или на какой-нибудь концерт. А когда погода хорошая, мы выходим гулять.

My mum is like an owl
And she has got a bowl
My dad is like a chameleon
He likes to speak a phone.
My brother is like a philomel.
And I is like a cat,
I live a my big flat.

Symbols of Russia and Russians are quite diverse. There are only three official, i.e. authorized by law, symbols of the state — the flag, emblem and anthem. But there are a lot of informal symbols, which are often much more famous and popular.
I’d like to tell you about these symbols of Russia. At first official symbols:
1. National Flag of Russia
The national flag of Russia is a tri color flag-white color which lies on the top, blue in the middle and red on the bottom. White stands for nobility and frankness; blue symbolizes loyalty, honesty, chastity and scarlet represents self-sacrifice, generosity and love. While some Russians believe that red means the land, blue stands for sky, and white symbolizes heaven.
The current Russian flag was adopted on August 21, 1991 just before the country became an independent state. Most historians trace the origin of Russia’s flag to Peter the Great. In 1699, out of hundreds of different flags, Peter selected the flag similar to the flag of the Netherlands — white, blue and red flag. His design was used as a Russian maritime flag for merchant ships and then it was adopted as the civil flag of Russia in 1883.
2. Two-headed Eagle
The two-headed eagle first appeared in Russia, during the time of Moscovia, in the 15th century. Two-headed eagle has been the symbol of the monarchy of Russia for more than four hundred years. But with the advent of Russian revolution and dethroning of the Tsar Empire, it was on the verge of extinction. In 1993, under the initiative of President Boris Yeltsin it was again adopted on 30th November 1993.
The two heads of the eagle stands for the two parts of vast Russian empire — European and Asian, which are believed to be an important part of the country of Russia.
There are three historical crowns of Peter the Great above the two-headed eagle (they are symbols of the sovereignty both in Russia as a whole and in its parts). The eagle holds in claws sceptre and orb as embodiment of State power and united state.
On its chest there is a horseman – Russian St. George – who is killing an evil snake with his spear. That is one of the oldest symbols of victory of Russia against all its enemies, symbol of the struggle of good against evil, light against gloom.

Бэлт, Пэт ,тэн ,нэст ,бэд, Бэсс
Вайнд ,пиг ,милк ,Милл ,сикс, Джимми
Си ,три,стрит,свит,би,Рид
Бокс,дог,Долл,пот,Фокс,Росс
Джаг,бас, маг,кап,хат, Дастин

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Описание презентации по отдельным слайдам:

We live in Kursk region

We live in Kursk region. It is situated in the centre of European part of the Russian Federation. The area of our region is about 30,000 square kilometres.

It is the emblem of Kursk region

The population of Kursk region is 1,117,378 people. Аbout 67% of them live in towns. They speak Russian. The population

The climate of our region is moderate. Sometimes it is hot in summer. Sometimes it is snowy and cold in winter. Summer temperature — +20 C Winter temperature — -5 C The climate

Kursk region has a beautiful nature. There are ponds, forests, hills, fields and colourful landscapes in Kursk region. The nature

There are 902 rivers in Kursk region, but they are not very big and long. It is the Seim, the longest river in the region. Rivers

There are 10 towns, 25 settlements and a lot of villages in our region. Towns, villages

There are 355 villages in Kursk region.

The main city of our region is town Kursk. The main city

The land of our region is famous all over the world. There are many different plants and animals in Kursk region.

There are many monuments in Kursk and in our region.

There are a lot of churches in Kursk region.

Our region has the long, rich history. A lot of world-famous persons were born here. They are the composer Georgi Sviridov, the writers Arkadij Gaidar, Konstantin Vorobyov, Evgenei Nosov, the architect Vyacheslav Klykov, the artist Aleksandr Deineka and others. Famous people

It is very pleasant to hear the singing of Kursk nightingale in spring. Its singing is famous in Russia and abroad. People of Kursk region are often called «Kursk nightingales».

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Учимся писать сочинение Мой город на английском – общие принципы выполнения работы

Для начала поговорим о том, что нам нужно сделать для написания сочинения. В это вопросе есть две составляющих:

• Моральная подготовка – психологический настрой, отсутствие волнения, собранность и целеустремленность.
• Практическая подготовка – достаточное знание английской грамматики, лексики, речевых конструкций и нюансов произношения.

Для взрослых новичков уровня A1-A2 сочинение с переводом My Native Town уже считается более серьезной письменной работой. В пределах объема на 100-150 слов необходимо представиться читателю, описать на английском языке свой родной город и завершить текст красивой обобщающей смысл всего вышесказанного фразой. При этом по знаниям требуется владение временами Present и Past Simple, понимание to be и неправильных глаголов, а также наличие достаточного словарного запаса.

Возможно также будут полезны другие сочинения:

Итак, представляем вашему вниманию рассказ о своем городе на английском языке с переводом.

My town

I live in Vologda. This is my home town. It is on the Vologda river. My town is not very big city, but it is very beautiful. I like to walk along the streets of my town with my parents or friends. Vologda is an ancient city. There are a lot of museums, beautiful churches and nice buildings. My town is also full of wonderful parks and green zones. I love Vologda very much and I invite you to come and see my home town.

Другие темы английского: Healthy Lifestyle топик по английскому — разбор темы, лексика, текст с переводом

Я живу в Вологде. Это мой родной город. Он расположен на берегах реки Вологда. Мой город не очень большой, но очень красивый. Я люблю прогуливаться по городским улочкам с родителями или друзьями. Вологда – старинный город. Здесь есть множество музеев, красивых церквей и прекрасных зданий. Мой город также полон чудесными парками и зелеными зонами. Я очень сильно люблю Вологду и приглашаю вас приехать и полюбоваться моим родным городом.

My home town

My name is Pavel. I was born in a small town Vyazma. It is located on the Vyazma river, about halfway between Smolensk and Mozhaisk.

Nowadays Vyazma is a famous industrial city of Russia. The town’s main industries are engineering, leather working, graphite products, and flax textiles. Also there are many museums, parks, ancient churches and monuments in the Vyazma. In addition, my city is the native land of many famous people, such as the pilot Yury Yanov, starry actor Anatoly Papanov, and others. I’m proud to be living in this city.

Меня зовут Павел. Я родился в небольшом городке Вязьма. Он расположен на реке Вязьма, практически на одинаковом расстоянии между Смоленском и Можайском.

В настоящее время Вязьма – знаменитый промышленный город России. Главными промышленными отраслями города считаются машиностроение, кожевенное производство, изготовление изделий из графита и пошив текстильных тканей. Также в Вязьме есть множество музеев, парков, старинных церквей и памятников. В добавок, мой город является малой родиной многих знаменитых людей: например, летчика Юрия Янова, популярного киноактера Анатолия Папанова и многих других. Я горжусь тем, что живу в этом городе.

My native city

Hello! My name is Olga and I am 17 years old. I want to tell you about my native city.

I live in Pskov city, which lies in the north-west of Russia. It is one of the oldest Russian cities, because it was founded in 903. Pskov is located on the Velikaya river. It has a significant historic importance: the river provided Pskov with access to the sea, via Lake Peipus and the Narva River. By the 14th century, the city became the capital of the sovereign Pskov Republic and was a trading post of the Hanseatic League. Later Pskov came under the control of Moscow and Russian Empire. So it is a very old place, with rich and fascinating history.

The population of Pskov is slightly more than 210 000 people. My native city is not big, but it is very comfortable. The climate is mild in my city, although closeness the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Finland influences greatly the weather conditions. Winter is long and mild, summer is warm, but not long. Fall and summer we have more precipitation than winter and spring.

Many attractions of my city are included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site. So, Pskov is a world-known as the city of ancient churches and buildings. Of course, a lot of beautiful new houses and shops are built there every year, but most central streets have preserved their historical look. Ancient churches are the most remarkable part of the architectural heritage of Pskov. My home town has a lot of unique churches of the 12th-16th centuries. The most popular places of interest in Pskov are the Krom (Kremlin), Trinity Cathedral, Mirozhsky Monastery, Snetogorsky monastery, St. Basil’s on the Hill and the Pskov Monastery.

Другие темы английского: Карточки для детей на английском языке — советы и рекомендации по проведению уроков

It is also impossible not to say about Izborsk, a seat of Rurik’s brother in the 9th century and one of the most formidable fortresses of medieval Russia. Mikhailovskoe, the family nest of the famous Russian poet Alexander Pushkin, is among the other attractions of Pskov. I am very proud that the national poet of Russia wrote some of the best known lines in the Russian language in my city.

Of course, there are many museums, theaters, cinemas, cafes and parks in the Pskov. I’ve already said, that my town is very interesting and comfortable. And in my opinion, it’s one of the most beautiful parts of Russia. I like Pskov and it will always be the best place on the planet for me.

Здравствуйте! Меня зовут Ольга, мне 17 лет. Я хочу с вами поделиться рассказом о моем родном городе.

Я живу в городе Псков, что находится на северо-западе России. Это один из старейших русских городов, поскольку город был основан в 903 году. Псков расположен на реке Великая. Она имеет важное историческое значение: эта река обеспечила Пскову выход к морю через Чудское озеро и реку Нарва. К 14 веку город стал столицей суверенной Псковской Республики и был важным торговым пунктом Ганзейского союза. Позднее Псков перешел под контроль Московского Царства и Российской империи. Так что это старинное место, с богатой и впечатляющей историей.

Население Пскова немногим превышает планку в 210 000 людей. Мой родной город не большой, но очень уютный. Климат в моем городе мягкий, хотя близость к Балтийскому морю и Финскому заливу значительно сказывается на погодных условиях. Зима долгая и несуровая, а лето теплое, но не длинное. Осенью и летом осадков у нас выпадает больше, чем зимой и весной.

Многие достопримечательности моего города внесены в список Всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО. Так, Псков известен на весь мир, как город старинных церквей и зданий. Конечно, каждый год здесь строятся многие красивые новые дома и магазины, но большинство центральных улиц сохраняют свой исторический облик. Старинные церкви – наиболее значимая часть архитектурного наследия Пскова. Мой родной город обладает множеством уникальных церквей, возведенных в 12-16 столетиях. Наиболее популярными достопримечательностями Пскова являются Кром (Кремль), Троицкий собор, Мирожский монастырь, Снетогорский монастырь, Храм Василия Блаженного и Псковский монастырь.

Также невозможно не упомянуть о Изборске, резиденции брата Рюрика в 9 веке и одной из самых неприступных крепостей средневековой Руси. Михайловское, семейное гнездо знаменитого русского поэта Александра Пушкина, также стоит выделить среди достопримечательностей Пскова. Я очень горжусь тем, что самый народный поэт России написал несколько известных строк на русском языке в моем городе.

Конечно, в Пскове есть множество музеев, театров, кинотеатров, кафе и парков. Я уже говорила, что мой город интересный и уютный. И, по моему мнению, он является одним из самых красивых регионов России. Мне нравится Псков, и он всегда для меня будет лучшим местом на всей планете.

My Hometown или My Homecity?

Отмечу такой момент. Вы наверняка знаете, что town — это маленький городок, а city — большой город. Кажется логичным, что, если вы из Москвы, то нужно писать homecity, не так ли? На самом деле, не совсем так. Слово homecity в принципе возможно и понятно, но обычно под hometown подразумевают родной город независимо от его размеров. Вот пример из Cambridge Dictionary:

He was born in Miami, but he considers New York his hometown since he’s lived there most of his life. — Он родился в Майами, но считаю Нью Йорк своим родным городом, так как прожил там большую часть жизни.

Пройдите тест на уровень английского:

My Hometown — Мой город. Сочинение на английском языке + аудио

It is a very lively place, located in Central Russia. It was founded in 1221. Back then it used to be a major trading hub. People from all over the country came to Nizhny Novgorod to buy and sell goods. Now it has a population of one million and five hundred thousand citizens, it is the 6th biggest city in Russia.

Nowadays it is a large city with a big city center and suburbs. A lot of companies have their headquarters in Nizhny Novgorod. It is one of the biggest economic centers in Russia.

Of course, each city has its advantages and disadvantages. Let’s start with the advantages. There are many ways of transportation in Nizhny Novgorod. You can travel by bus, by trolley, you can even take the underground. Also, Nizhny Novgorod has an advantageous geographical location because it is located between two major cities — Moscow and Kazan.

However, there are also some disadvantages. First of all, it is very dirty and noisy because of traffic jams. Second, it hasn’t got a lot of public areas, such as parks, where you can spend your time with friends. Third, life here is pretty expensive, and the prices of houses and apartments are quite high.

Ниже идет тот же текст, но с переводом. Обратите внимание на выделенные слова – я выделил наиболее примечательные пары “слово-перевод”.

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