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Vitebsk |
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Left:Vitebsk Slavianski Bazaar, Vitebsk Annunciation Church, Pieramohi Offensive Monument in Pieramohi Square, Vitebsk Christ Resurrection Church, Right:Vitebsk Mark Chagali House, Vitebsk Assumption Cathedral, Vitebsk City Hall (all items listed from top to bottom) |
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Vitebsk Location of Vitebsk in Belarus
Vitebsk Vitebsk (Europe) |
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| Coordinates: 55°11′30″N 30°12′20″E / 55.19167°N 30.20556°ECoordinates: 55°11′30″N 30°12′20″E / 55.19167°N 30.20556°E | |
| Country |  Belarus |
| Voblast | Vitebsk Region |
| Founded | 974 |
| Government | |
| • Chairman | Viktor Pavlovich Nikolaykin |
| Area | |
| • City | 124.54 km2 (48.09 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 172 m (564 ft) |
| Population
(2015) |
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| • Urban | 366,299 |
| [1] | |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK) |
| Postal code |
210000 |
| Area code | +375-212 |
| License plate | 2 |
| Website | Official website |
Vitebsk or Viciebsk[2] (Russian: Витебск, [ˈvʲitʲɪpsk]; Belarusian: Ві́цебск, [ˈvʲitsʲepsk]; Yiddish: וויטעבסק, Vitebsk, Lithuanian: Vitebskas, Polish: Witebsk), is a city in Belarus. The capital of the Vitebsk Region, it has 366,299 inhabitants, making it the country’s fourth-largest city. It is served by Vitebsk Vostochny Airport and Vitebsk Air Base.
History[edit]
Before 1945[edit]
Vitebsk developed from a river harbor where the Vićba River (Віцьба, from which it derives its name) flows into the larger Western Dvina, which is spanned in the city by the Kirov Bridge.
Archaeological research indicates that Baltic tribes had settlements at the mouth of Vitba. In the 9th century, Slavic settlements of the tribal union of the Krivichs replaced them. According to the Chronicle of Michael Brigandine (1760), Princess Olga of Kiev founded Vitebsk (also recorded as Dbesk, Vidbesk, Videbsk, Vitepesk, or Vicibesk) in 974. Other versions give 947 or 914. Academician Boris Rybakov and historian Leonid Alekseyev have come to the conclusion, based on the chronicles, that Princess Olga of Kiev could have established Vitebsk in 947. Leonid Alekseyev suggested that the chroniclers, when transferring the date from the account of the Byzantine era (since the creation of the world) to a new era, obtained the year 947, later mistakenly written in copying manuscripts as 974. An important place on trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks, Vitebsk became by the end of the 12th century a center of trade and commerce, and the center of an independent principality, following Polotsk, and at times, Smolensk and Kiev princes.
The official year of the founding of Vitebsk is 974, based on an anachronistic legend of founding by Olga of Kiev, but the first mention in historical records dates from 1021, when Yaroslav the Wise of Kiev gave it to Bryachislav Izyaslavich, Prince of Polotsk.[3]
In the 12th and 13th centuries Vitebsk functioned as the capital of the Principality of Vitebsk, an appanage principality which thrived at the crossroads of the river routes between the Baltic and Black seas. In 1320 the city was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as dowry of the Princess Maria, the first wife of Grand Duke of Lithuania Algirdas. By 1351 the city had erected a stone Upper and Lower Castle, the prince’s palace. In 1410 Vitebsk participated in the Battle of Grunwald. In 1569 it became a part of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 1597 the townsfolk of Vitebsk were privileged with Magdeburg rights. However, the rights were taken away in 1623 after the citizens revolted against the imposed Union of Brest and killed Archbishop Josaphat Kuntsevych of Polotsk. The city was almost completely destroyed in 1708, during the Great Northern War. In the First Partition of Poland in 1772, the Russian Empire annexed Vitebsk.
Under the Russian Empire, the historic centre of Vitebsk was rebuilt in the Neoclassical style.
The Battle of Vitebsk was fought west of the city on 26–27 July 1812 as Napoleon attempted to engage decisively with the Russian army. While the French were to occupy the town for over three months (the emperor celebrating his 43rd birthday there) the Russian army was able to slip away with minimal losses towards Smolensk.[4]
Before World War II, Vitebsk had a significant Jewish population: according to Russian census of 1897, out of the total population of 65,900, Jews constituted 34,400 (around 52%).[5]
The most famous of its Jewish natives was the painter Marc Chagall (1887-1985).
In 1919 Vitebsk was proclaimed to be part of the Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia (January to February 1919), but was soon transferred to the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and later to the short-lived Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (February to July 1919). In 1924 it was returned to the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.
Vitebsk in 1943, during the period of Nazi German occupation
During World War II the city came under Nazi German occupation (11 July 1941 – 26 June 1944). During Operation Barbarossa, 22,000 Jews, or 58% of Vitebsk’s Jewish population, managed to successfully evacuate to the interior of the Soviet Union, thus saving themselves from the impending Holocaust.[6] Much of the old city was destroyed in the ensuing battles between the Germans and Red Army soldiers. Most of the remaining local Jews perished in the Vitebsk Ghetto massacre of October 1941. The Soviets recaptured the city during the 1944 Vitebsk–Orsha Offensive.
Post-war period[edit]
In the first postwar five-year period the city was rebuilt. Its industrial complex covered machinery, light industry, and machine tools.
In 1959 a TV tower was commissioned and started broadcasting the 1st Central Television program.
Independence of Belarus[edit]
In January 1991, Vitebsk celebrated the first Marc Chagall Festival. In June 1992, a monument to Chagall was erected on his native Pokrovskaja Street and a memorial inscription was placed on the wall of his house.
Since 1992 Vitebsk has been hosting the annual Slavianski Bazaar, an international music festival. The main participants are artists from Russia, Belarus and Ukraine, with guests from many other countries, both Slavic and non-Slavic. There has been a remarkable improvement and expansion of the city. The central stadium was reconstructed, and the Summer Amphitheatre, the railway station and other historical sites and facilities were restored, and the Ice Sports Palace along with a number of new churches and other public facilities were built, together with the construction of new residential areas.
Attractions[edit]
Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Vitebsk
The city has one of the oldest buildings in the country: the Annunciation Church. The building dates back to the period of Kievan Rus. The city at the time was pagan and did not belong to the Ukrainian or Russian Orthodox Church or the Kievan Rus state. It was constructed in the 1140s as a pagan church, rebuilt in the 14th and 17th centuries as a Roman Catholic Church, restored in 1883 and destroyed by the Soviet administration in 1961. The church was in ruins until 1992, when it was restored to its presumed original appearance.[7]
Churches from the Polish-Lithuanian period were likewise destroyed, although the Resurrection Church (1772–77) has been rebuilt. The Orthodox cathedral, dedicated to the Intercession of the Theotokos, was erected in 1760. There are also the town hall (1775); the Russian governor’s palace, where Napoleon celebrated his 43rd birthday in 1812; the Neo-Romanesque Roman Catholic cathedral (1884–85); and an obelisk commemorating the centenary of the Russian victory over Napoleon.
Vitebsk is also home to a lattice steel TV tower carrying a horizontal cross on which the antenna mast is guyed. This tower, which is nearly identical to that at Grodno, but a few metres shorter (245 metres in Vitebsk versus 254 metres at Grodno) was completed in 1983. The city is also home to the Marc Chagall Museum and the Vitebsk regional museum.
Geography[edit]
Climate[edit]
Vitebsk has warm summer humid continental climate, Köppen: Dfb. Summers are generally warm, while winters are relatively cold but still warmer than in Moscow due to a stronger influence of maritime air from the Baltic Sea. Approximately 724 mm (28.5 in) of precipitation falls here per annum.
| Climate data for Vitebsk (1991–2020, extremes 1886–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 10.4 (50.7) |
10.9 (51.6) |
19.1 (66.4) |
28.5 (83.3) |
32.5 (90.5) |
35.4 (95.7) |
34.7 (94.5) |
37.8 (100.0) |
30.1 (86.2) |
24.6 (76.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
10.7 (51.3) |
37.8 (100.0) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −2.7 (27.1) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
3.7 (38.7) |
12.0 (53.6) |
18.7 (65.7) |
22.2 (72.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
23.1 (73.6) |
17.1 (62.8) |
9.7 (49.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
10.6 (51.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.0 (23.0) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
0.0 (32.0) |
7.2 (45.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
17.0 (62.6) |
19.0 (66.2) |
17.7 (63.9) |
12.3 (54.1) |
6.3 (43.3) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
6.7 (44.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −7.2 (19.0) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
2.7 (36.9) |
8.1 (46.6) |
12.1 (53.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
13.0 (55.4) |
8.3 (46.9) |
3.6 (38.5) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
3.1 (37.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −40.6 (−41.1) |
−38.4 (−37.1) |
−29.7 (−21.5) |
−17.5 (0.5) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
3.8 (38.8) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−24.0 (−11.2) |
−34.6 (−30.3) |
−40.6 (−41.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 57 (2.2) |
49 (1.9) |
44 (1.7) |
39 (1.5) |
63 (2.5) |
76 (3.0) |
93 (3.7) |
77 (3.0) |
63 (2.5) |
67 (2.6) |
59 (2.3) |
57 (2.2) |
744 (29.3) |
| Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) | 15 (5.9) |
19 (7.5) |
14 (5.5) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
2 (0.8) |
9 (3.5) |
19 (7.5) |
| Average rainy days | 8 | 6 | 9 | 13 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 14 | 10 | 157 |
| Average snowy days | 23 | 21 | 14 | 4 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 3 | 13 | 22 | 101 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 85 | 81 | 76 | 67 | 66 | 72 | 73 | 75 | 80 | 83 | 87 | 87 | 78 |
| Source: Pogoda.ru.net[8] |
Education[edit]
The main universities of Vitebsk are Vitebsk State Technological University, Vitebsk State Medical University and Vitebsk State University named in honor of Pyotr Masherov.
Sport[edit]
HK Vitebsk of the Belarusian Extraleague is the local pro hockey team.
Linguist[edit]
Mikhail Sukernik (1902 — 1981), contributor to the first Russian — Yiddish Dictionary.
Notable people[edit]
- Leonid Afremov (1955-2020), painter
- Zhores Alferov (1930-2019), physicist, 2000 Nobel Prize Winner for Physics
- S. Ansky (1863–1920), playwright, The Dybbuk
- Anatol Bahatyroǔ (Anatoly Bogatyrev) (1913 – 2003), Belarusian composer[9]
- Vladimir Bourmeister (1904–1971), ballet choreographer
- Marc Chagall (1887–1985), artist
- Max Danish (1881–1964), U.S. labor journalist with ILGWU
- Sam Dolgoff (1902–1990), anarcho-syndicalist housepainter
- Tanya Dziahileva (1991-), model
- Alexandra Holub (1986-), painter and poet
- Mark Fradkin (1914 – 1990), composer[10]
- Leon Gaspard (1882–1964), artist
- Joseph Günzburg (1812–1878), Russian financier and philanthropist
- Isser Harel (1912–2003), Israel intelligence chief
- Lazar Khidekel (1904–1986), artist, architect
- Lev Khidekel (1909—1977), architect
- Franciszek Dionizy Kniaźnin (1750 – 1807), poet and collector of Belarusian folklore[11]
- Leon Kobrin (1873–1946), playwright
- Marcelo Koc (1918–2006), Argentinian composer
- Sergei Kornilenko (1983-), footballer
- Lazar Lagin (1903–1979), writer
- El Lissitzky (1890–1941), artist
- Menachem Mendel of Vitebsk (1730?–1788), Hasidic Rebbe
- Anna Missuna (1868–1922), geologist
- Sergey Pushnyov (1997), lasertag warrior[12]
- Yehuda Pen (1854–1937), artist
- Kazimierz Siemienowicz (1600–1651), engineer, pioneer of rocketry
- Ivan Sollertinsky (1902-1944), polymath, critic, and musicologist
- Joseph Solman (1909–2008), American painter
- Simeon Strunsky (1879–1948), author in New York City
- Immanuel Velikovsky (1895–1979), psychiatrist/psychoanalyst and author
- Alexander Vvedensky (1889–1946), one of the leaders of the Living Church movement
- Moshe Wittenburg (1829-1909), Jewish financier of land purchases in the Holy Land
Artistic tributes[edit]
In 1928, the American composer Aaron Copland composed the piano trio Vitebsk: Study on a Jewish Theme, and the work was premiered in 1929. Based on a Jewish folk song from S. Ansky’s play The Dybbuk, Copland’s piece is named for Vitebsk Governorate, where Ansky was born, and where he first heard the tune.[13]
Website[edit]
The website of the city of Vitebsk www.gorod212.by,[14] a news portal.
Sources[edit]
- Shishanov V. A. (2007). Vitebsk Museum of Modern Art: history of creation and collection. 1918–1941. Minsk: Medisont. p. 144. In Russian. eastview.com
- Любезный мне город Витебск…. Мемуары и документы. Конец XVIII — начало XIX в. / Вступ. ст., науч., коммент., сост., публ. В. А. Шишанова. Мн.: Асобны Дах, 2005. 40 с. [15]
- Шишанов В. 947 или 914? // Витебский проспект. 2005. No.45. 10 нояб. С.3.
- Изобразительное искусство Витебска 1918 – 1923 гг. в местной периодической печати : библиограф. указ. и тексты публ. / сост. В. А. Шишанов. – Минск : Медисонт, 2010. – 264 с. [16]
Notes[edit]
- ^ «Belarus – The regions of the Republic of Belarus as well as all cities and urban settlements of more than 10,000 inhabitants». City Population. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
- ^ official transliteration
- ^ History, Vitebsk Regional Executive Committee
- ^ Liskovich, Alexandre (2012). «Historical Review». Vitebsk City. Retrieved August 5, 2021.
- ^
Joshua D. Zimmerman (2004). Poles, Jews, and the politics of nationality. Univ of Wisconsin Press. p. 16. ISBN 0-299-19464-7. - ^ Arad, Yitzhak (2020-05-27). The Holocaust in the Soviet Union — Yitzhak Arad — Google Books. ISBN 9781496210791. Retrieved 2022-07-18.
- ^ The Annunciation Church is a six-pillared building with one apse. It is built of hewn limestone quadras, each row being separated by two rows of brick, covered with a thin layer of stucco so as to emulate large blocks of stone. This technique was widespread in Byzantium; but there are only two examples north of Crimea — one in Vitebsk and another, unfinished and long ruined church in Navahrudak, probably by the same team of Byzantine builders. Another extraordinary feature of the church is that its bays are equal and the central nave is square in plan. The choir gallery occupies the western bay; it adjoins two secluded chapels over the lateral aisles. Stairs leading to the gallery are built into the western wall. russiancity.ru
- ^ «Weather and Climate- The Climate of Vitebsk» (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved 8 November 2021.
- ^ Anatol Vasilevič Bahatyroǔ (Анатоль Васільевіч Багатыроў)
- ^ Mark Grigorievich Fradkin
- ^ U. Arloǔ. Country Belarus. Grand Duchy of Lithuania. — KALLIGRAM, 2012. P. 296 (Арлоў У. Краіна Беларусь. Вялікае Княства Літоўскае. — KALLIGRAM, 2012. С. 296)
- ^ http://coltclub.by , Lasertag
- ^ «Vitebsk (1928) | Works». 5 August 2019.
- ^ «Сайт города Витебска – gorod212.by». www.gorod212.by. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
- ^ «Ljubeznyj mne gorod vitebsk 2005 by linkedin63». Issuu. 2013-08-01. Retrieved 2022-07-18.
- ^ «Shishanov izo vitebsk2010 demo by linkedin63». Issuu. 2013-07-02. Retrieved 2022-07-18.
External links[edit]
- «Vitebsk : The Fight and Destruction of the 3rd Panzer Army» by Otto Heidkamper and Linden Lyons, Casemate Publishers, 2017
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vitebsk.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Vitebsk.
- Encyclopedia of Vitebsk
- Cultural space — Vitebsk4.me(in Belarusian)
- Official web server(in Russian)
- Official site(in Russian)
- Population of Vitebsk by mother tongue in 1897
- The plan of Vitebsk 1904
- Official site of Vitebsk regional museum of local lore(in Russian)
- Vitsyebsk, Belarus at JewishGen
витебск
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1
Витебск
Geography: Vitebsk , Vitsyebsk
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Витебск
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2
Витебск
Русско-английский географический словарь > Витебск
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3
Витебск
Новый русско-английский словарь > Витебск
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4
Витебск
геогр.Vitebsk
рус.
; Vitsebsk
бел.
Дополнительный универсальный русско-английский словарь > Витебск
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5
Витебск
Русско-английский словарь Wiktionary > Витебск
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6
Витебск
Русско-английский синонимический словарь > Витебск
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7
(г.) Витебск
Geography:Vitebsk , Vitsyebsk
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > (г.) Витебск
См. также в других словарях:
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Витебск — город, ц. Витебской обл., Беларусь. Впервые упоминается под 1021 г. как Видбеск, позже Витепеск, Витебск. Название по расположению на р. Витьба при ее впадении в Западную Двину. Происхождение гидронима спорно: или от слав, виться , или от вить… … Географическая энциклопедия
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Витебск — Витебск, губерния и город (история). Нынешняя Витебская губерниясоставляет часть Белоруссии, которую история застает заселенноюотраслями следующих племен: литовского (по левую сторону Зап. Двины),латышского (преимущественно летьголы, по прав.… … Энциклопедия Брокгауза и Ефрона
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Витебск — город, центр Витебской области БССР. Живописно расположен на возвышенных берегах р. Западная Двина, при впадении в неё р. Витьба. Впервые упоминается в 1021. Благовещенская церковь (XII в., сильно разрушена), классицистические… … Художественная энциклопедия
-
витебск — сущ., кол во синонимов: 1 • город (2765) Словарь синонимов ASIS. В.Н. Тришин. 2013 … Словарь синонимов
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Витебск — губернский гор., лежит под 55 … Энциклопедия Брокгауза и Ефрона
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Витебск — ВИТЕБСК, город, областной центр в Белоруссии. 361,5 тыс. жителей. Пристань на реке Западная Двина; железнодорожный узел. Машиностроение (станки, приборы, телевизоры и другие), химическая, легкая (трикотажная, текстильная, кожевенно обувная и др.) … Иллюстрированный энциклопедический словарь
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Витебск — У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Витебск (значения). Город Витебск белор. Віцебск … Википедия
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Витебск — губернский город, лежит под 55° 12 с. ш. и 30° 13 в. д. (от Гринвича), по обоим берегам реки Западной Двины и впадающей в нее р. Витьбы. Город, раскинутый на пространстве 698 дес., имеет в окружности 9 верст 16772 саж. Местоположение его довольно … Энциклопедический словарь Ф.А. Брокгауза и И.А. Ефрона
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Витебск — город в Белоруссии, центр Витебской области. Железнодорожный узел. Пристань на Западной Двине. 365 тыс. жителей (1996). Машиностроение (заводы: станкостроительный, электроизмерительных приборов, телевизионный и др.); химическая, лёгкая… … Энциклопедический словарь
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Витебск — Краткая история Витебска
Витебск (летописный Видбеск, Видебск, Витепеск, Витьбеск) получил свое название от реки Витьба, в устье… … Города мира -
Витебск — (от названия р. Витьба) город, центр Витебской области БССР. Расположен на возвышенных берегах р. Западная Двина, при впадении в неё р. Витьба. Крупная пристань. Узел железных дорог, связывающих города БССР и УССР с Ленинградом и… … Большая советская энциклопедия
Translation of «Витебск» into English
Vitebsk, FK Vitebsk are the top translations of «Витебск» into English.
Sample translated sentence: Баграмян прорвал немецкий фронт, форсировал Западную Двину… и окружил Витебск. ↔ Bagramyan broke the German front, forced the crossing of the Western Dvina and surrounded Vitebsk.
Витебск
proper
существительное мужского рода
grammar
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Баграмян прорвал немецкий фронт, форсировал Западную Двину… и окружил Витебск.
Bagramyan broke the German front, forced the crossing of the Western Dvina and surrounded Vitebsk.
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FK Vitebsk
Витебск (футбольный клуб)
Родился он в 1925 г. в деревне Веретеи Виленского уезда (теперь Докшицкий район Витебской области).
Kastus Akula started public service while in Germany.
Я сразу узнал в нем одного из моих земляков из Конде, с которыми встречался в Витебске.
I recognised him at once as one of the Condé men who had been to see me at Witebsk.
Анализ карт радиоактивного загрязнения территории республики позволил выделить несколько основных пятен загрязнения почв цезием-137: 30 км зона вокруг Чернобыльской АЭС (уровни загрязнения в отдельных точках превышали 37 000кБк/м2); южная и юго-западная часть Гомельской области, центральные части Брестской, Гродненской и Минской областей (уровни загрязнения колеблются от 170 кБк/м2 до 2400 кБк/м2); в отдельных населенных пунктах Гродненской, Минской и 4 населенных пунктах Витебской области содержание цезия-137 составило более 37 кБк/м2.
A map of radioactive contamination in the Republic reveals several basic patches of caesium-137 contamination in the soil: the 30-km zone around the Chernobyl nuclear power station (contamination in isolated spots exceeds 37,000 kBq/m2); south and south-eastern Gomel oblast, the central areas of Brest, Grodno and Minsk oblasts (contamination levels varying between 170 and 2,400 kBq/m2); and in isolated settlements in Grodno and Minsk oblasts, and four settlements in Vitebsk oblast, caesium-137 content exceeds 37 kBq/m2.
В 1997 году ТЮЗ показал 288 спектаклей, собрав 115 000 зрителей, Государственный театр кукол ( 329 спектаклей (75 000 зрителей), Брестский областной театр кукол ( 344 спектакля (64 000 зрителей), Белорусский театр «Лялька» (г. Витебск) ( 249 спектаклей (35 000 зрителей), Гродненский областной театр кукол ( 306 спектаклей, (63 000 зрителей), Минский областной театр кукол «Батлейка» ( 243 спектакля, (23 000 зрителей), Могилевский областной театр кукол ( 311 спектаклей, (43 000 зрителей), Гомельский областной театр кукол – 271 спектакль (40 000 зрителей).
In 1997, the Young Spectators’ Theatre staged 288 performances, attended by a total of 115,000 spectators; the State Puppet Theatre put on 329 performances, with a total of 75,000 spectators; the Brest provincial puppet theatre — 344 performances, with 64,000 spectators; the “Lyalka” puppet theatre in Vitebsk — 249 performances, with 35,000 spectators; the Hrodna provincial puppet theatre — 306 performances, with 63,000 spectators; the Batleika provincial puppet theatre in Minsk — 243 performances, with 23,000 spectators; the Mohileu provincial puppet theatre — 311 performances, with 43,000 spectators; and the Homla provincial puppet theatre ‐ 271 performances, with 40,000 spectators.
4.1 В вербальной ноте от 27 сентября 2011 года государство-участник отмечает, что автор не исчерпал все имеющиеся внутренние средства правовой защиты, как это требуется в статье 2 Факультативного протокола, поскольку не подал апелляцию в Витебскую областную прокуратуру.
4.1 In a note verbale dated 27 September 2011, the State party notes that the author has not exhausted all available domestic remedies as required in article 2 of the Optional Protocol due to his failure to appeal to the Vitebsk Regional Prosecutor’s Office.
Полностью части дивизии сосредоточились в Витебске только к 27 июня 1941 года.
The full complement of the division arrived to Vitebsk only by June 27, 1941.
В настоящее время открыто 17 «кризисных комнат» (Витебской области – 1, Гомельской – 2, Могилевской –11, Минской – 2, в Минске – 1).
Seventeen such units have now opened (1 in Vitebsk province, 2 in Gomel province, 11 in Mogilev province, 2 in Minsk province and 1 in Minsk).
На востоке фронт проходит по линии Таллин — Витебск — Смоленск — Брянск — Харьков — Ростов — Майкоп.
In the East the front runs through Tallin–Vitebsk–Smolensk–Bryansk–Kharkov–Rostov–Maikop.
DRZW, vol. 8 (Frieser), pp. 539 ff. — о катастрофическом поражении 3-й танковой армии под Витебском в конце июня. 50.
8 (Frieser), pp. 539 ff. for the disaster of the 3rd Panzer Army at Vitebsk in late June.
Качество водопроводной воды ниже среднереспубликанских показателей отмечено в Витебской, Гомельской и Брестской областях
Piped water quality below the national average standards was found in Vitebsk, Gomel and Brest oblasts
23 июля этого года выпало рекордное для Витебска количество осадков в один день — 212 % декадной нормы, из них 64 % вылилось с 15.50 до 19.20. Невзирая на то, что открылись «небесные хляби», зрители дружно пришли на вечерний фестивальный концерт.
36 participants took part in the Young Singers Competition and for the fist time in the competitions there were people from Bulgaria, Kirghizia, Slovakia, and Yugoslavia.
Но я обручу тебя с дочерью Эли Витебского, крупного купца.
But I shall betroth you to the daughter of Eli Witebski, the great merchant.
06 мая 2005: Преодоление бедности в сельской местности возможно в том числе путем создания новых рабочих мест в сфере агротуризма, — заявили участники двухдневного семинара в рамках проекта ПРООН, завершающегося сегодня в Россонском районе Витебской области. Участники семинара ознакомились с правовой базой Беларуси по развитию сельских регионов и сельского туризма, обсудили возможности использования микрокредитов как инструмента развития предпринимательства на селе, а также тему сотрудничества местных властей и фермеров.
03 November 2004: On 2-3 November, a two-day international conference “Achieving the Millennium Development Goal 1: Approaches and Strategies” was held in Minsk under the auspices of the United Nations Development Programme.
Рабочая группа посетила следственные изоляторы Министерства внутренних дел, опорные пункты общественного порядка, районные отделы внутренних дел, исправительные учреждения, органы прокуратуры и суды в городах Минск, Гродно, Гомель, Мозырь и Витебск
The Working Group visited remand units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, community public order units, district internal affairs departments, correctional institutions, agencies of the procuratorial system and courts in the cities of Minsk, Grodno, Gomel, Mazyr and Vitebsk
В район Витебска и Смоленска направлялось семь дивизий из Франции и Германии.
Seven divisions from France and Germany showed up in the area of Vitebsk and Smolensk.
Программа пребывания предусматривала посещение столицы Минска и городов Гродно, Гомеля, Лиды, Мозыря и Витебска
The visit included the capital, Minsk, and the cities of Grodno, Gomel, Lida, Mozyr and Vitebsk
В апреле 2014 года Сморгонский районный суд Гродненской области наложил штраф на сумму, равную 216 евро, на Владимира Шульницкого за распространение малотиражного бюллетеня о положении в области прав человека, а Витебский суд назначил Георгию Станкевичу штраф на сумму, эквивалентную 500 евро (максимальное наказание, предусматриваемое по статьям 22.9–2 Кодекса Республики Беларусь об административных правонарушениях), за распространение бюллетеня.
In April 2014, a court in Smarhon (Grodno region) imposed a fine equivalent to €216 on Vladimir Shulnitsikyi for distributing a small-circulation human rights bulletin, and a court in Vitebsk fined Georgyi Stankevich the equivalent of €500, the maximum penalty foreseen under article 22.9 (2) of the code of administrative procedures, for distributing a bulletin.
— Я отнесла Гане Витебской и Саре, жене Бера, то, что напряла для них, а они мне не дали больше работы
«»»I carried the yarn to Hannah Witebska and Sarah, Ber’s wife, and they did not give me any more wool.»»»
Были образованы почтовые округа, в том числе Минский, Витебский и Могилёвский.
Postal districts were formed, including Minsk, Vitebsk and Mogilev.
70 народных мастеров Придвинского края приехали в Витебск для участия в «Городе мастеров».
12 posters were published for the festival each of them carrying the emblem of the festival.
Потом был жесткий разговор с начальником Департамента исполнения наказаний по Витебской области, он пытался рассказывать мне какие-то сказки, которым я не верил.
Then I had a hard conversation with the head of the Penal Department of the Vitsebsk Region. He tried to tell me fairytales, but I didn’t believe them.
В начале декабря 2009 года проектом ПРООН/ГЭФ по ренатурализации и устойчивому управлению торфяными болотами были завершены работы по восстановлению и стабилизации гидрологического режима выработанного торфяного месторождения «Осиновское–2» (2131 га) в Дубровенском районе Витебской области.
At the beginning of December 2009 the UNDP/GEF project “Renaturalization and Sustainable Management of Peatlands in Belarus to Combat Land Degradation, Ensure Conservation of Globally Valuable Biodiversity and Mitigate Climate Change” has completed works on renaturalisation and stabilisation of the hydrological regime at depleted peatland “Osinovskoye–1” (2131 ha) in the Dubrovensky District, Vitebsk Region.
В РОВД Первомайского района Витебска, куда доставили Левинова, правозащитнику стало плохо, и «скорая» отвезла его во 2-ю Городскую клиническую больницу Витебска.
The human rights activist felt seedy in the Pershamaiski district militia department, where he had been guarded to, and emergency ambulance took him to Vitsebsk 2nd clinical hospital.
Операция предполагала нанесение двух сходящихся ударов — от Витебска и от Бобруйска, в направлении Минска.
The operation involved making two converging strikes, from Vitebsk and from Bobruysk, towards Minsk.
При финансовой поддержке УВКБ ООН произведен необходимый ремонт и благоустройство жилых помещений, выделенных местными исполнительными и распорядительными органами для расселения беженцев в городе Пинске Брестской области, городе Лиозно Витебской области, городе Минске, городе Логойске и в Минской области.
With the financial assistance of the Belarus office of UNHCR, necessary repairs and refurbishment have been carried out in dwellings allocated by local executive and organizational authorities to house refugees in Pinsk (Brest region), Liozno (Vitebsk region), Minsk, Logoisk and the Minsk region.
Произношение Витебск
Ваш броузер не поддерживает аудио
Витебск – 9 результатов перевода
Действуйте так, как вы действовали при Аустерлице, Фридлянде,
Витебске и Смоленске! Пусть позднейшее потомство с гордостью скажет о вас:
«Он участвовал в великой битве под Москвою!»
Act as you did at Austerlitz, Friedland, Vitebsk and Smolensk!
Let posterity say with pride of each of you,
«He was in the great battle before Moscow.»
Это мой двоюродный брат.
Он только вчера из Витебска приехал. Я ему университет обещала показать.
Брат?
— No, he’s my cousin.
He arrived from Vitebsk yesterday.
Yeah?
Вся армия бранит его.
французы в Витебске.
Через 4 перехода они могут быть у Смоленска.
The whole army is critical of him.
The French are at Vitebsk.
In four days they may reach Smolensk.
Да, знаю, письмо князя Андрея.
французы в Витебске.
Через 4 перехода они могут быть у Смоленска.
I know, about Prince Andrei’s letter.
The French are at Vitebsk.
In four days they may reach Smolensk.
Здесь родился нобелевский лауреат физик Жорес Алфёров.
Хотя, технически, он из Витебска, Но это меньше часа езды отсюда, И я немного разочарована, что ты не
Ну, конечно, я знаю, кто это, Отец гетероструктуры транзисторов, Спасибо вам большое.
Really? It’s the birthplace of Nobel physicist Zhores Alferov!
I mean, technically, he’s from Vitebsk, but that’s less than an hour from here, and I’m a bit disappointed that you didn’t know that.
Well, no, of course I know who that is, father of heterostructure transistors, thank you very much.
В лагере?
Меня создали в Витебском гетто, чтобы разгромить тот ад.
Я разнёс стены, убил людей.
At the camp?
I was made in the ghetto of Vitsyebsk to tear that hell down.
I broke its walls, its men.
Глина.
Торвальд убил последнего раввина Начала, а Витебский Голем убил его.
Нет, нет, Гарт, не тулья, Организация…
Clay.
Torvald kills the Initiative’s last rabbi, and now the Golem of Vitsyebsk kills him.
No, no, Garth, not a tool society —
При ростепели снегов потонут в болотах Польши.
Но, князь в письме говорится о Витебске.
А, в письме…
When the snow melts, they’ll drown in the Polish marshes.
But, Prince, the letter says that they’re at Vitebsk now.
Ah, the letter…
Она даст нам изобилие и скорое возвращение в отечество.
Действуйте, как вы действовали под Аустерлицем, при фридланде, Витебске, под Смоленском, и потомство
он был в великой битве под стенами Москвы !
It will give you abundance and a prompt return to your fatherland.
Behave as you did at Austerlitz, Friedland, Vitebsk, Smolensk, and may your descendants say with pride of each of you:
«He was in that great battle beneath the walls of Moscow!»
Показать еще
Хотите знать еще больше переводов Витебск?
Мы используем только переведенные профессиональными переводчиками фразы Витебск для формирования нашей постоянно обновляющейся базы. Это позволяет максимально точно переводить не просто слова, но и целые фразы, учитывая контекст и особенности их использования.
Перевести новое выражение
На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.
На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.
Перевод «Витебск» на английский
И если однажды судьба вас позовет в Витебск — не сопротивляйтесь.
And if one day the fate calls you in Vitebsk — do not resist.
Витебск всегда был крупным городом для своего времени.
Vitebsk has always been a large city for its time.
Сегодня Витебск располагает примерно только четвертью работ выдающегося мастера.
Today Viciebsk has only about a quarter of the outstanding works of the master.
Во времена Ольгерда Витебск стал форпостом на восточных рубежах Великого Княжества Литовского.
In times of Algirdas Viciebsk became an outpost on the eastern borders of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Туры в Витебск в этот период особо популярны.
During this period, tours to Vitebsk are especially popular.
Пятнадцатилетний юноша женился и переселился в Витебск.
Thus, the fifteen-year old boy got married and moved to Vitebsk.
Витебск — областной центр одной из шести областей страны.
Vitebsk is the regional center of one of the six regions of the country.
Витебск стал главным объектом творчества художника.
Vitebsk became the main subject of the artist’s works.
Витебск — город фестивалей со славными фестивальными традициями.
Vitebsk is a city of festivals with great festival traditions.
Одни говорят: Витебск — город-загадка.
Some say: Vitebsk is a city of mystery.
Современный Витебск — крупнейший индустриальный центр республики.
Modern Vitebsk is one of the largest industrial center of the republic.
Благодаря чему туристический Витебск стал обладателем уникальной, свойственной только ему, изюминки.
Thanks to this tourist Vitebsk became the owner of the unique zest, inherent to it only, raisin.
Витебск примечателен уже тем, что может похвастаться самобытной историей с уникальными памятниками искусства.
Vitebsk is remarkable due to the fact it could be proud of its original history with unique art memorials.
Витебск — город контрастов, богатых традиций и уникальных достопримечательностей.
Vitebsk is a city of contrasts, rich traditions and unique attractions.
Правда, по счастливой случайности его удалось обнаружить среди металлолома на станции Витебск.
However, by good fortune, it was found among the metal scrap at Vitebsk station.
Другие твердят: Витебск — город-мечта.
Other claim: Vitebsk is a dream city.
В наши дни Витебск известен и как музыкальная столица фестивалей.
And today Vitebsk is also known as the musical capital of festivals.
Для любителей сделать уникальные фотографии при посещении новых мест Витебск предоставляет поле для фантазии.
For those who like to make unique photos when visiting new places, Vitebsk provides a field for imagination.
Витебск удивит Вас множеством событий и особенно в летний период.
Vitebsk surprises you with a variety of events, especially in the summer time.
Гости выразили заинтересованность в дальнейшей кооперации с рядом резидентов СЭЗ «Витебск».
The guests expressed their interest in further cooperation with a number of FEZ «Vitebsk» residents.
Результатов: 643. Точных совпадений: 643. Затраченное время: 81 мс
Documents
Корпоративные решения
Спряжение
Синонимы
Корректор
Справка и о нас
Индекс слова: 1-300, 301-600, 601-900
Индекс выражения: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200
Индекс фразы: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200
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Суд имел все основания […] daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
The court had valid reasons for determining that the author, on 30 October 2007 at 12.30 p.m., took part in a public expression of personal and other interests at the parking lot on the Vitebsk–Liozno motorway in the proximity of Polyai village, without regard for the procedure for conducting mass events established by the Law on Mass Events. daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
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В результате […] Могилев, Гомель, Минск и в Минской области подготовлено по […] три региональных координатора, обладающих знаниями и опытом для организации просветительской работы, 35 мультипликаторных групп в составе 1 учителя и 4 учащихся различных учреждений образования каждая, способных проводить образовательные мероприятия в области прав ребенка. daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
As a result of the project, the cities […] and Minsk and the Minsk province were […] each provided with three regional coordinators knowledgeable about and experienced in organizing dissemination work, and 35 dissemination groups were set up, consisting of one teacher and four pupils from different schools, to carry out information activities related to the rights of the child. daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
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В то же время это мероприятие проходило на стоянке автомашин, […] которая не предназначена для таких целей, а […] бело-красно-белых флагов. daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
At the same time, the event in question took place at the parking lot, […] which was not intended for such purposes and then on the […] daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
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В Республике Беларусь […] expoforum.by expoforum.by |
Belarus has six FEZs: FEZ Brest, FEZ Minsk, FEZ Gomel-Raton, FEZ Vitebsk, FEZ Mogilev and FEZ Grodnoinvest. expoforum.by expoforum.by |
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IX — Киев-Гомель—Витебск и ответвление Минск […] — Вильнюс. cpe.gov.pl cpe.gov.pl |
IX — Kiev-Gomel-Vitebsk and branch Minsk-Vilnius. cpe.gov.pl cpe.gov.pl |
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принимая во внимание, что Беларусь относительно небольшое государство, следует тщательно рассмотреть целесообразность […] существования шести свободных экономических зон («Брест», […] research.by research.by |
Taking into consideration that Belarus is relatively small country the necessity of the existence […] of six free economic zones (FEZ “Brest”, […] “Gomel-Raton”, FEZ “Grodnoinvest”) […] should be thoroughly analyzed. eng.research.by eng.research.by |
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(Арбат х Idilishka Legenda Laimus) взял ЮСАС, стал Юным Чемпионом Беларуси, Лучшим Представителем Породы, занял 4 МЕСТО В БЕСТ ИН ШОУ ЮНИОРОВ и 3 МЕСТО В ГРУППЕ на региональной выставке «Витебск—2008«. brtarbat.info brtarbat.info |
(Arbat x Idilishka Legenda Laimus) took JCAC, finished Junior Belorussian Championship, took Best of Breed, 4th PLACE IN JUNIOR BEST IN SHOW and 3rd PLACE IN THE GROUP at the Regional Show «Vitebsk-2008». brtarbat.info brtarbat.info |
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Самая высокая концентрация населения наблюдается в городах-столицах (Вильнюс и Минск), вслед за которыми идут крупные города и городские центры: Даугавпилс и Резекне в Латвии; Каунас, Паневежис, Утена и Алитус в Литве; Гродно, Могилев и Витебск в Беларуси. cu4eu.by cu4eu.by |
The biggest concentration of the population can be found in the capital cities (Vilnius and Minsk), followed by the larger towns and urban centres: Daugavpils and Rezekne in Latvia; Kaunas, Panevezys, Utena and Alytus in Lithuania; Grodno, Mogilev and Vitebsk in Belarus. cu4eu.by cu4eu.by |
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Программными областями в странах-партнерах […] являются Белорусь (четыре области: […] (Санкт Петербург, Ленинградская […] область, Республика Карелия, Калининград, Мурманская, Новгородская и Псковская области. kolarcticenpi.info kolarcticenpi.info |
The eligible areas in the Partner Countries include Belarus (four […] Oblasts: Minsk, Grodno, Brest and […] Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast, Republic […] of Karelia, and Kaliningrad, Murmansk, Novgorod and Pskov Oblasts. kolarcticenpi.info kolarcticenpi.info |
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Кроме того, исполнительный […] директор ОО «Ассоциация нанимателей и […] качестве негативного фактора, который […] также сказывается на частно-государственном сотрудничестве, отметила отсутствие персональной ответственности чиновников за исполнение положений нормативных документов. telegraf.by telegraf.by |
In addition, the executive director of […] «Association of Employers and […] lack of personal responsibility of officials […] for the execution of the directive regulations as a negative factor, also affecting the public-private cooperation. telegraf.by telegraf.by |
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Советские […] net-film.ru net-film.ru |
The Soviet forces are freed Vitebsk. net-film.ru net-film.ru |
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Преследуя отступающего противника, его войска нанесли французским маршалам поражение под Чашниками, а к концу месяца заняли Витебск. prlib.ru prlib.ru |
In pursuit of the retreating enemy, his troops defeated the French marshals near Chashniki, and by the end of the month captured the Vitebsk. prlib.ru prlib.ru |
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21 января в 19:50 […] telegraf.by telegraf.by |
January 21, at 19:50, at 679 km of the station-to-station block Trudovaya — Janov-Polesski, a 48-year-old villager of Snitava in Brest voblast, crashed in his Audi car into a passenger train Brest-Vitsebsk at an unguarded railway crossing. telegraf.by telegraf.by |
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6 особых (свободных) […] экономических зон (Гродно, Каунас, Минск, […] территории действия Программы, что способствует […] усилению ориентированной на импорт экономики и привлечения капитала в регионы. cu4eu.by cu4eu.by |
6 special (Free) Economic Zones […] (Grodno, Kaunas, Minsk, Mogilev, Rezekne […] area, contributing to the strengthening […] of import-oriented economies and capital formation in the regions. cu4eu.by cu4eu.by |
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Кроме того, ей было […] daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
The lawyer was also refused access to Mr Sannikau on the basis that he was still in transit, even after his arrival in Vitsebsk.54 68. daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
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Ко времени принятия Миндовгом католичества в 1252 году Литва уже была состоявшимся государством со столицей в Новогородке, включавшим […] такие города как Кернов, Троки, Шавли, […] практически всю территорию нынешней […] Белоруссии, а также большую часть Литвы. kubarev.com kubarev.com |
By time of acceptance Mindovg of a Catholicism in 1252 Lithuania already was the taken place state with capital in Novogorodok, including such cities as Cores, […] Troki, Shavli, Kovno, Grodno, Polotsk, […] all territory of present Belarus, and […] also the most part of Lithuania. kubarev.com kubarev.com |
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В связи с этим РУП «Национальный центр маркетинга и конъюнктуры цен» приглашает руководителей и специалистов предприятий принять участие (на бесплатной и платной основе) в практических семинарах «Организация закупок товаров, работ и услуг: электронные аукционы в Республике Беларусь» в октябре — ноябре 2011 г. в г. Минске, а также во всех областных центрах (Брест, Витебск, Гомель, Гродно, Могилев) и в г. Лиде. ncmps.by ncmps.by |
Therefore the National Centre for Marketing and Price Study, RUE invites enterprises’ managers and specialists to participate (on a paid basis and free of charge) in seminars “Procurement of goods, works and services: electronic auctions in the Republic of Belarus”to be held in October – November 2011 in Minsk as well as in all regional centres (Brest, Vitebsk, Gomel, Grodno, Mogilev) and Lida. ncmps.by ncmps.by |
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Действуя далеко за линией фронта, советские […] штурмовики громили пути […] victory.sokolniki.com victory.sokolniki.com |
Six German divisions were encircled in the town of Bobruisk. On June 26, the Red Army took Vitebsk. victory.sokolniki.com victory.sokolniki.com |
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Например, 16 ноября 2011 года адвокат Андрея Санникова узнала, что ее клиент был переведен из исправительной колонии в Бобруйске в тюрьму № 4 в Могилеве, а затем этапирован в исправительное учреждение неподалеку от Витебска. daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
For example, on 16 November 2011, Andrei Sannikau‟s lawyer discovered that her client had been transferred from the correctional colony of Babruysk to prison No. 4 in Mahiliau, then transferred to another correctional institution near Vitsebsk. daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
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Автором сообщения является Сяргей Белязека, белорусский гражданин 1974 года […] daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
The author of the communication is Syargei Belyazeka, a Belarusian national […] daccess-ods.un.org daccess-ods.un.org |
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Одна из причин посещения Гомеля, Витебска и Гродно состояла в том, что УВКБ ООН финансировало там интеграционные проекты (в частности, бильярд-клуб в Гомеле, «Службу по консультированию по работе с беженцами» в Витебске, булочную в Гродно). unhcr.org.ua unhcr.org.ua |
One of the reasons for visiting Gomel, Vitebsk and Grodno was that UNHCR funded integration projects in those locations (i.e. the billiards club in Gomel; a Refugee Counseling Service in Vitebsk; a bakery in Grodno). unhcr.org.ua unhcr.org.ua |
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Между тем, как рассказал прибывший ночью на место […] событий представитель Белорусского […] у правого крыла здания обнесена […] лентой, перед зданием заметно активное движение лиц в штатском, а прилегающая территория охраняется сотрудниками милиции: на расстояние ближе 40 метров никого не подпускают, передает TUT.by. telegraf.by telegraf.by |
At the same time, as said a representative of Helsinki […] the territory around the right […] wing of the building is wrapped by the tape and there are people in civilian clothes and the territory is guarded by the militiamen – no one allowed closer than 40 meters to the site, as TUT.by reports. telegraf.by telegraf.by |
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Кроме того, подписаны соглашения между УВКБ ООН и […] обеспечения бесплатной медицинской […] помощи для беженцев в районах их компактного проживания. unhcr.org.ua unhcr.org.ua |
Additionally, agreements between […] UNHCR and the regional authorities […] for refugees, at no cost, in localities […] with the highest refugees concentrations. unhcr.org.ua unhcr.org.ua |
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Многие из этих проблем группа профессора O. Манаева обсуждала на третьем круглом столе, проведенном в начале июля в Гомеле (первый состоялся в декабре в Бресте, а второй — в мае в Витебске). iiseps.org iiseps.org |
Many of these problems were discussed by Prof. O. Manaev’s group at the third round table discussion held in Gomel in early July (the first one was held in Brest in December and the second — in Vitebsk in May). iiseps.org iiseps.org |
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Подготовка Программы началась в октябре 2006 года, когда в Витебске (Беларусь) состоялась межведомственная встреча представителей всех трех участвующих стран. cu4eu.by cu4eu.by |
The programming process started in October 2006 when an inter-ministerial meeting of representatives of all three participating countries took place in Vitebsk (Belarus). cu4eu.by cu4eu.by |
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Под его руководством реализован целый ряд консалтинговых задач для ЕБРР и Всемирного банка, в частности, участие в качестве консультанта в проектах: создание банка микрофинансирования (Банк Малого Бизнеса) в Беларуси, консультирование ЕБРР как акционера компании Милавица, консультирование ЕБРР и Северного инвестиционного банка по проекту инвестиций в развитие водоканалов в Витебске, Гродно, Бресте и других городах Беларуси. uniter.by uniter.by |
Under his leadership a number of consulting tasks for EBRD and World Bank were implemented, in particular, participation as an advisor in the following projects: the establishment of microfinance bank (Bank of Small Business) in Belarus, advising EBRD as a shareholder of the company Milavitsa, advising EBRD and Nordic Investment Bank on investment projects concerning water utilities development in Vitebsk, Grodno, Brest and other cities of Belarus. uniter.by uniter.by |
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На встрече было отмечено, что заключенные в 2001 году соглашения о сотрудничестве между ТПП Приднестровья и БелТПП, а также ее белорусскими отделениями в Минске, Гомеле, Витебске и Бресте требуют активизации. cci-vitebsk.by cci-vitebsk.by |
At the meeting the sides noted that the cooperation agreements between the Transnistrian Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Belarusian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, and also its offices in Minsk, Gomel, Vitebsk and Brest signed in 2001 need to be intensified. cci-vitebsk.by cci-vitebsk.by |
The history of the city of Vitebsk
Vitebsk has been known as a settlement since the X century. Then the ancient settlement was at the heart of the city, after a castle was built here. At the beginning of the XII century, the city was already considered a major trading center and an appanage principality. In the XIII-XIV centuries, new fortifications were built – the Upper and Lower castles. At that time, the city joined the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1410, a banner from Vitebsk participated in the Battle of Grunwald.
At the beginning of the XVI century, the Vitebsk voivodeship was formed, half a century later it was divided into the Vitebsk and Orsha povets, a little later the territory of the voivodeship expanded with the annexation of the Velizh volost. At the end of the century, King Sigismund the Third Vitebsk was given the Magdeburg right and the first coat of arms.
In 1623, the people of Vitebsk revolted, demanding a free choice of religion, when uniatism was imposed by the rulers. The Uniate archbishop was killed, for which the city suffered severe punishment. Vitebsk lost its Magdeburg rights, 19 people were executed, 2 of them burmistraes. The city was obliged to pay more than 3 thousand zlotys.
The city managed to regain the right to self-government in 1654. However, the quiet life of Vitebsk did not last long: in 1708, the Swedish army burned the city during the Northern War.
City Plan in the middle of the XVI century
A bridge was built across the Vitba, which connected the posad with the Lower Castle. Not far from it was the center of trade and public life of the city – Gostiny Dvor and the town hall. Nearby is a shopping area with many shops. In the center there were both churches and monasteries. Here was the main street at that time – the Great One. In the same century, several more important streets were formed. They subsequently became the basis on which the center of Vitebsk was developed and built.
In the XVIII century, Vitebsk was the second largest city after Gomel on the territory of present-day Belarus.
The history of Vitebsk as part of Russia
Vitebsk and the voivodeship were ceded to Russia after the first partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1772). Then about 3 thousand people lived here. By 1785, the figure had grown to 10.5 thousand inhabitants.
In 1777, the first Vitebsk enterprise was completed – a factory for the production of leather named after him. Garnovsky. Later, metal and wood processing crafts developed in the city, and a small library was opened. By the beginning of the XIX century, the doors of the first gymnasium and the theological school opened, the meteorology station started working.
Significant land plots in the Vitebsk region were owned by representatives of the noble Sapieha family. Napoleon celebrated his 43rd birthday in Vitebsk
From July to October 1812, Vitebsk was captured by the French army. Then the development of the city went up – new enterprises, educational institutions were opened, trade was actively conducted. In 1866, the city connected with the capitals of Russia and Ukraine through the Riga-Oryol railway passing through Vitebsk.
In 1898, a tram was launched in Vitebsk – the first in modern Belarus. In 1905, the cinema started working, in 1926 – the theater.
In July 1941, Fascist troops entered the city
By autumn, 20,000 prisoners had been killed on the territory of the Vitebsk ghetto. Liberation in Vitebsk came in June of the 44th. More than 90% of the population was destroyed by military actions in the city. There are only 118 residents left.
Robert Rozhdestvensky and Ivan Bunin wrote about Vitebsk
Vitebsk is the birthplace of the Belarusian artist Marc Chagall. More than 376,000 people live in the regional center today, about 300 enterprises have been opened, the most famous are «Marko», «Belvest», «Vityaz». Since 1992, the international festival of arts «Slavic Bazaar» has been held in Vitebsk.
Sights of the city of Vitebsk
The first impressive thing is the architecture. The past and the present create a unique symbiosis: the Governor’s Palace and the Town Hall of the XVI century are opposed to the Ice Palace and the pyramids of the shopping center «Marco City». Is it worth talking about the building of the railway station, the Veterinary Academy, Salt warehouses? If we talk about religious buildings, then they amaze even more. Here the Orthodox tradition is side by side with the Catholic, and the traditional «Russian style» is with classicism and eclecticism:
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Assumption Cathedral,
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Annunciation Church,
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St. Barbara ‘s Church,
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Church of Euphrosyne of Polotsk,
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Cover.
And this is only a small part of the entire architectural heritage in the church building of Vitebsk.
Vitebsk – the city of art
It is from here that the famous Surrealist and Cubist Marc Chagall hails. His house, where he grew up and was formed as a creative personality, has now become a museum, and the artist’s exhibitions do not stop in the Art Center of the same name.
The art fund of this city is truly great: the Exhibition Museum of Modern Art, the Art, Literary and Local History Museums, the Museum of Private Collections and even the Museum of the History of the Vitebsk tram – it will take more than one day to study all this diversity. And also:
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Yakub Kolas Theater,
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The center of folk crafts «Zadvinye»,
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Repin’s estate «Zdravnevo».
It is difficult to overestimate the cultural wealth of Vitebsk.
Map location
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