«Wicked Witch» redirects here. For the stock character in fairy tales, see hag. For other uses, see Wicked Witch (disambiguation).
| Wicked Witch of the West | |
|---|---|
| Oz character | |
Margaret Hamilton (left) as the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz (1939), threatening Dorothy Gale (Judy Garland) |
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| First appearance | The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) |
| Created by | L. Frank Baum |
| Portrayed by |
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| Voiced by |
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| In-universe information | |
| Alias |
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| Species | Human (witch) |
| Gender | Female |
| Title | The Wicked Witch of the West |
| Occupation | Ruler of the Winkies (at time of death) |
| Family | The Wicked Witch of the East (sister, only in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and the medias based after it) Wicked: Governess of Munchkinland (mother), Wizard of Oz (father) Once Upon A Time: Regina Mills (half-sister), Cora (mother), Robin (daughter), Henry Mills (nephew), Alice (probable daughter in law), Hades (former boyfriend) |
| Nationality | Ozian of Winkie descent |
| Role | Antagonist |
The Wicked Witch of the West is a fictional character who appears in the classic children’s novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900), created by American author L. Frank Baum. In Baum’s subsequent Oz novels, it is the Nome King who is the principal villain; the Wicked Witch of the West is rarely even referred to again after her death in the first book.
The witch’s most popular depiction was in the classic 1939 film based on Baum’s novel, where she was portrayed by Margaret Hamilton. Hamilton’s characterization introduced green skin and this has been continued in later literary and dramatic representations, including Gregory Maguire’s revisionist Oz novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West (1995) and its musical stage adaptation Wicked (2003), the 2013 film Oz the Great and Powerful, and the television series Once Upon a Time and Emerald City.
In Baum’s books[edit]
The Wicked Witch of the West is the malevolent ruler of the Winkie Country. Her castle is described as beautiful instead of being the sinister fortress shown in the film. In all versions, she is aquaphobic. The Wicked Witch of the West was not related to the Wicked Witch of the East, but leagued together with her, the Wicked Witch of the South, and the Wicked Witch of the North to conquer the Land of Oz and divide it among themselves, as recounted in L. Frank Baum’s Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz. She shows no interest in the death of the Eastern Witch and all she cares about is obtaining the Silver Shoes which will increase her power. W. W. Denslow’s illustrations for The Wonderful Wizard of Oz depict her as a paunched old hag with three pigtails and an eyepatch. Baum himself specified that she only had one eye, but that it «was as powerful as a telescope», enabling the witch to see what was happening in her kingdom from her castle windows. Other illustrators, such as Paul Granger, placed her eye in the center of her forehead, as a cyclops. Usually, she is shown wearing an eyepatch, however, some illustrations show her with two eyes.
Most of her power resides in the creatures she controls. She has a pack of 40 great wolves, a swarm of black bees, a flock of 40 crows, and an army of Winkies.[1] She possesses the enchanted Golden Cap, which compels the winged monkeys to obey her on three occasions. First, the witch commanded the creatures to help her enslave the Winkies and to seize control of the western part of the Land of Oz. Second, she made the winged monkeys drive Oz out of the Winkie Country, when he attempted to overthrow her.
When Dorothy Gale and her companions were sent by the Wizard to destroy her, the Witch attacked them with her various creatures. Each of these attempts was thwarted, but the protagonists are eventually subdued by the Witch’s third and final permitted use of the winged monkeys. Nevertheless, the old witch cannot kill Dorothy because the girl is protected by the Good Witch of the North’s kiss. She, therefore, settles for enslaving Dorothy, and tries to force the Cowardly Lion into submission by starving him, though Dorothy sneaks him food. Upon seeing the Silver Shoes on the girl’s feet, the Wicked Witch decides to steal them, and thereby acquire even more power.
When she succeeds in acquiring one silver shoe by making Dorothy trip over an invisible bar, the little girl angrily throws a bucket of water onto the Wicked Witch. This causes the old witch to melt away. The Wicked Witch’s dryness was enumerated in some clues before this. Furthermore, when Toto had bitten her, she had not bled; her wickedness had dried her up long ago. Unfortunately, L. Frank Baum did not explain precisely why water had this effect on her, nor did he ever imply that all evil witches could be likewise destroyed. However, the wicked witch Mombi is similarly disposed of in The Lost King of Oz and the wicked witch Singra is clearly afraid of the same fate in the early chapters of The Wicked Witch of Oz.
Personality[edit]
The Witch did not carry a broom in the novel, but rather an umbrella, which she uses on one occasion to strike Dorothy’s dog Toto.[2] Her nature is a volatile and yet somewhat cowardly one. Despite her immense power, she avoids face-to-face contact with her enemies, and is frightened of Dorothy at first when she sees the girl wearing the Silver Shoes. She is also afraid of the dark in Baum’s original story for reasons unknown. For that reason, the Witch never tried to steal the Silver Shoes while Dorothy was sleeping. Despite her fear of water and the dark, the Wicked Witch of the West was one of the most powerful witches in all of Oz.[citation needed] In ensuing Oz books, her power is described as having been so great that even Glinda the Good Witch of the South feared her.[citation needed]
In other books[edit]
- In Alexander Melentyevich Volkov’s 1939 novel The Wizard of the Emerald City, her given name is Bastinda. March Laumer uses this name for the witch in his novel Aunt Em and Uncle Henry in Oz. Like in the 1939 movie, she is the sister of the Wicked Witch of the East. Sherwood Smith uses this name for a new Wicked Witch of the West in her 2005 book The Emerald Wand of Oz.
- Gregory Maguire’s September 1995 revisionist novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West takes the familiar Oz story and inverts it, with the Wicked Witch (given the name Elphaba in homage to L. Frank Baum) as the novel’s protagonist and Dorothy as a hapless child. The name is retained in the musical Wicked.
- In the novel The Unknown Witches of Oz, the Wicked Witch of the West is named Old Snarl-Spats.
- In Dorothy of Oz, the Wicked Witch of the West’s ghost appeared. When Princess Gaylette’s Jester gets his hand on the Wicked Witch of the West’s wand, he gets possessed by the Wicked Witch of the West’s ghost. When Dorothy starts to do a trick to fool the Jester that Glinda is in china doll form, the Wicked Witch of the West’s ghost continues to warn the Jester of Dorothy’s trick. When the Jester gives the Wicked Witch of the West’s wand to Dorothy, the Wicked Witch of the West’s ghost disappears. It was also mentioned in this story that Wicked Witch of the West once cast a curse on the Gillikin Country town of Purplefield where it was turned into a maze that causes anyone who fails to make it through to disappear. Her curse on Purplefield was undone when Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Man, and Cowardly Lion made it through the maze by hearing Tugg’s foghorn.
- In the comic book series Grimm Fairy Tales Presents Oz, the Wicked Witch of the West is named Lynessa.
- In the novel The Living House of Oz there is a witch named Mordra who comes from an alternate Oz, but looks identical to the Wicked Witch of the West who lived in the regular Oz.
- In Cheshire Crossing after reforming years after being melted by Dorothy, the Wicked Witch of the West, also known as Miss West, confronts her alongside Alice Liddell and Wendy Darling, becoming allied and romantically involved with Captain James Hook.
- In the graphic novel adaptation of How the Wizard Came to Oz, the Wicked Witch of the West is named Morella.
- In the 2021 novel Oscar Diggs, The Wizard of Oz, the Witch of the West is named Theodora Elphaba, a combination of the names from Oz the Great and Powerful and Wicked.
In dramatic representations[edit]
1910 film[edit]
The 1910 silent film The Wonderful Wizard of Oz features a character similar to the Wicked Witch of the West, identified in intertitles as «Momba the Witch» (Compare the character Mombi from The Marvelous Land of Oz). In the film, Momba has an unspecified hold over the Wizard, who promises his crown to anyone who can release him from Momba’s power. Momba captures Dorothy and her companions, evoking the events in Baum’s original novel, and is destroyed when Dorothy throws a bucket of water over her.
1914 film[edit]
Mombi’s likeness and costume in the 1914 silent film, His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz is based on Denslow’s illustrations of the Wicked Witch of the West.
1939 film[edit]
In the 1939 version of The Wizard of Oz, Margaret Hamilton plays the Wicked Witch of the West as a green-skinned witch dressed in a long black dress with a black pointed hat. She does not wear an eye-patch like in the novel. This representation of the Wicked Witch has become a standard for what witches resemble and an archetype of human wickedness.[3] While the relationship is not mentioned in Baum’s books, in the movie, the Witch is the sister of the Wicked Witch of the East. The movie makes her even more of a primary antagonist, and consequently, she appears in the film much earlier (and more often), than in Baum’s original novel. She demands the Munchkins reveal who killed her sister, not long after Dorothy’s arrival in Oz. She is described by Glinda the Good Witch of the North, not the South as in the book, as «worse than the other one». She actively seeks revenge against Dorothy for killing her sister, even though it was «accidental». However, as soon as the Witch is reminded of the ruby slippers, all interest in her sister’s death vanishes and all she cares about is obtaining her slippers, which will enable her to conquer Oz. She is more menacing than her literary counterpart, making Dorothy too afraid to ever lose her temper with the Witch. She makes sure that Dorothy knows her power when Dorothy meets the Scarecrow by throwing a ball of fire at them. Before Dorothy and her friends get to the city, the Witch casts a sleeping spell over a field of poppies through which the group must pass. Glinda remotely counteracts the spell with snowfall. The Wicked Witch then flies on her broom over the Emerald City, demanding that the citizens of the Emerald City surrender Dorothy to her, and the Wizard demands the destruction of the Witch, with her broom as proof, in exchange for granting the wishes of Dorothy and her companions. Unlike Baum’s original depiction, the Wicked Witch sends the Winged Monkeys as the first wave of attack. The Golden Cap is not mentioned but, after the failure of her poppy spell, the Witch does hold and then angrily cast away a costume piece that could be considered the cap (It greatly resembles the Cap as depicted in W. W. Denslow’s original illustrations for The Wonderful Wizard of Oz) and was mentioned as her «wishing cap» in the original shooting script. She is killed when Dorothy throws a bucket of water on her, in attempt to put out a fire the witch bestowed on the Scarecrow. In the novel, Dorothy simply throws it on her in a fit of anger. There is no prior mention of the Wicked Witch’s vulnerability to water in the movie, save for a split-second before the water actually douses her when she screams «Don’t throw that water!» (this line does not appear in the film’s shooting script). After the Wicked Witch of the West is dead, her soldiers are glad to be free of her power, and quote «Hail to Dorothy! The Wicked Witch is dead!» The character ranks No. 4 in the American Film Institute’s list of the 50 Best Movie Villains of All Time alongside Darth Vader, Norman Bates, and Hannibal Lecter,[4] making her the highest ranking female villain, as well as placing 90th on Empire magazine’s 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time.[5]
Hamilton’s other role in this film is the Witch’s Kansas sepia tone counterpart, Miss Almira Gulch, newly created for the film by screenwriter Noel Langley. She is a socialite who owns half the county. She arrives on her bicycle at the farm and says to Uncle Henry: «Mr. Gale! I’d like to speak with you and your wife right away about Dorothy!» Dorothy’s dog, Toto, has bitten her leg, and she wants to take him to the sheriff and make sure he’s destroyed. Dorothy calls her «a wicked old witch.» Miss Gulch takes Toto away in her basket, but he escapes. In the tornado scene, Dorothy sees Miss Gulch on her bicycle transform into a Wicked Witch, flying on her broom.
Gale Sondergaard was originally cast as the Wicked Witch of the West, but withdrew from the role when the witch’s persona shifted from sly and glamorous (thought to emulate the Evil Queen in Disney’s Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs) to the familiar «ugly hag».[6]
Hamilton’s other appearances (including on Sesame Street)[edit]
On a 1976 episode of the American children’s TV show Sesame Street, the Witch, once again played by Hamilton, drops her broom and falls onto the street. Big Bird and a Sesame Street resident, David, have the broom and refuse to give it back because of her nasty and disrespectful attitude (Oscar the Grouch is the only Sesame Street resident who finds her pleasant; he even develops a crush on her). Enraged, the Wicked Witch threatens to turn them into a feather duster and a basketball, respectively, unless they comply with her wishes; she also makes it rain inside of Mr. Hooper’s store as an intimidation tactic. Realizing that threats and intimidation have failed to yield the desired result, she resorts to trickery, disguising herself as a sweet old lady in an effort to steal the broom back. David turns the tables on her by willingly giving it back after talking her into asking for it politely and with respect. Unfortunately, she does not learn the lesson about being nice and heads home on discourteous terms with the locals (except, perhaps, for Big Bird, who says he will miss her because the events of the episode were an exciting change). The Wicked Witch drops accidentally drops the broom again while showing off on her flight home, and David, again in possession of it, laments his prediction that the whole ordeal will now repeat itself.
This episode received a very negative reception. After it was aired, the Children’s Television Workshop (CTW) and series creators Joan Ganz Cooney and Lloyd Morrisett received numerous letters from parents, who complained that the Wicked Witch was too scary for their children, using phrases such as «screams and tears» and «the threat of the witch’s power remains in children’s eyes.» As a result of these complaints, Anna Herera, of the CTW Research Department, told the creators of Sesame Street to not re-air the episode. The episode was leaked anonymously on June 18, 2022.
The Museum of the Moving Image in New York City screened part of the Wicked Witch episode on November 24, 2019, as part of a «Lost and Found» event that celebrated the 50th anniversary of Sesame Street. It was accompanied by many other clips, including the unaired episode «Snuffy’s Parents Get a Divorce», along with a discussion panel with Jim Henson Legacy president Craig Shemin, former Sesame Street head writer Norman Stiles, and Sesame Workshop’s Rosemarie Truglio.
Hamilton also played the Wicked Witch of the West in The Paul Lynde Halloween Special (1976), and reprised her role several times on stage, most notably at the St. Louis Municipal Opera.
Hamilton also appeared as herself on Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood three times between 1975 and 1976. In these appearances, she demonstrated how her costume and acting skills made her appear to be the Witch, and assured her young viewers that there was nothing about her to be feared, because her portrayal in the film was only make-believe.[7]
Wicked[edit]
The story line of the stage adaptation «goes far afield» from the 1995 novel. As Winnie Holzman observed in an interview with Playbill, «It was [Maguire’s] brilliant idea to take this hated figure and tell things from her point of view, and to have the two witches be roommates in college, but the way in which their friendship develops – and really the whole plot – is different onstage.»[8] Schwartz justified the deviation, saying «Primarily we were interested in the relationship between Galinda – who becomes Glinda – and Elphaba…the friendship of these two women and how their characters lead them to completely different destinies.»[9] In addition to this change in focus, other major plot modifications include Fiyero’s appearance as the scarecrow, Elphaba’s survival at the end, Nessarose using a wheelchair instead of being born without arms, Boq having a continuing love interest for Glinda – and eventually becoming the Tin Woodman instead of Nick Chopper, the complete cutting of Elphaba’s years in the Vinkus, the deletion of Liir’s birth, Fiyero not having a wife and children, and Doctor Dillamond not being murdered.[10]
Oz the Great and Powerful[edit]
Mila Kunis portrays the Wicked Witch of the West, who is named Theodora, in the 2013 Disney film Oz the Great and Powerful. In this version, she is portrayed as a ‘good witch’ and as the younger sister of Evanora (Rachel Weisz), who is at war with Glinda (Michelle Williams) for control of Oz; Theodora wants nothing more than for peace to come back to their land. She falls in love with Oscar Diggs (James Franco), but her feelings for him are one-sided; Theodora wants to be Oscar’s queen when he rules Oz. After Oscar goes to meet with Glinda, Evanora convinces Theodora that Oscar had betrayed her, offering her a magic apple that will help Theodora forget her disappointment. Theodora immediately takes a bite from it, but she realizes too late that Evanora had deceived her. Before Theodora can do anything, she starts feeling great pain and delirium, as the apple, tainted with dark magic causes her heart to wither. Her skin turns green as a side effect of the magic, while her nose becomes crooked due to her falling on it. Though Evanora offers to cover up Theodora’s new appearance with an enchantment, Theodora embraces her new appearance and helps her sister attempt to kill Glinda, get revenge on Oscar, and take control of Oz. However, she and Evanora are defeated by Oscar’s illusions. Theodora is forced to flee the city on her broom, but she threatens to return. Oscar tells her he knows her wickedness isn’t her doing and, if she ever finds the goodness within her, she is welcome to return. However, she refuses and flies off to the West (at this point now officially beginning her reign as The Wicked Witch Of The West), vowing revenge.
Once Upon a Time[edit]
The Wicked Witch appears as the main antagonist of the second half of Season Three of Once Upon a Time, played by Rebecca Mader.[11] This version goes by the name of Zelena (which means «green» in some Slavic languages). Zelena is discovered to be the daughter of the Queen of Hearts/the Miller’s Daughter/Cora (Barbara Hershey/Rose McGowan), making her the older, long-lost half-sister of Regina the Evil Queen (Lana Parrilla). Zelena visited Rumplestiltskin (Robert Carlyle) and learned from him how to control her own powerful magic. Her storyline revolves around her efforts to create a time-travel spell that will allow her to go back and prevent the birth of Snow White’s mother, Ava, who informed Prince Leopold (Cora’s fiancé) that Cora was with child to sabotage Cora’s attempts to infiltrate the royal family (before she can ruin Zelena’s life), and thus Zelena would be raised as royalty. But despite Zelena’s efforts to create the deadly time portal Emma Swan (supposedly the only wielder of light magic powerful enough to oppose her) her plans are halted when the Evil Queen masters light magic in time to oppose her (although her time-travel spell is completed, it takes effect after her presumed death, transporting Emma and Captain Hook (Colin O’Donoghue) back to before the original curse was cast). She was later thought to have been killed by Rumplestiltskin.
It was later discovered that Zelena’s soul actually went back in time, where she managed to revive herself and assumed Maid Marian’s (Christie Laing) place after killing her in the past and taking her appearance; to allow the heroes to take her back to the present, where she poses as Marian without Robin Hood (Sean Maguire) knowing. This way, she can resume making Regina Mills suffer by complicating her romantic relationship with the believed widower Robin. Zelena also copies the other villains’ idea to try to force the Author to write them happy lives at the expense of the heroes. Zelena swaps out the Elixir of the Wounded Heart and when Mr. Gold (Rumplestiltskin) is dying, saves his life with it, but only after he agrees to drop his grudge against her and begins helping her. Regina is informed of this by Rumplestiltskin himself and rushes to New York with Emma. Upon arriving there with Lily, Emma and Regina confront Robin Hood. Even though Robin Hood is now aware of what happened to Maid Marian, he couldn’t leave Zelena because she is pregnant. Zelena is taken back to Storybrooke and locked in the hospital basement’s asylum. Regina almost has the Author write Zelena and the pregnancy out of existence and memory. Regina changes her mind after she realizes it is something their mother would do, and she can choose to be happy with Robin and the rest of her family, raising the baby herself after the birth. When the Author warps reality to serve his own purposes, the roles of heroes and villains are switched. In the alternate Enchanted Forest Zelena is the fiancé of Robin Hood and their marriage will make all the changes permanent. When Regina is slashed almost fatally by Rumplestiltskin, Zelena complains she is bleeding on her wedding dress and taking the attention away from her on her wedding day. She begins turning green again and runs off. When reality is returned to normal she is still pregnant in the hospital.
Zelena travels with the heroes to Camelot in search of Emma after she becomes the Dark One to save Regina from the same fate. She is told to pretend to be Regina’s mute handmaiden (Regina having taken her voice). In Camelot, Zelena is threatened by Regina that her baby will be taken by Regina once it has been born. She later kidnaps Mary Margaret (Ginnifer Goodwin) as the rest of the group tries to sneak into Camelot (having been thrown out) and regains her magic with King Arthur’s (Liam Garrigan) help. She enchants the main hilt of Excalibur to bind Merlin’s (Elliot Knight) soul, allowing its holder to control him. Zelena, Arthur and Merlin hold Emma’s friends captive with the Protheum flame and the Dark One Dagger as ransom. Before she can do anything, she is tricked by Emma and tied by magic around a tree. After a battle between Merlin and Emma, Zelena transports herself and Arthur back to Camelot. Arthur and Zelena plan to take a magical helm from the kingdom of DunBroch. After many failed attempts to reach the helm, including a battle between Arthur, Zelena and Red Riding Hood (Meghan Ory), Mulan (Jamie Chung) and Merida (Amy Manson, she transports herself back to Camelot, where Emma casts the Dark Curse, ripping everyone back to Storybrooke without their memories of ever stepping foot in Camelot.
Zelena awakens in Granny’s Diner and is almost immediately put back in her cell. Zelena is met by the Dark Swan (name for Emma as the Dark One) and is told she will need an ally in the town after people learn the truth. Zelena eats darkly enchanted onion rings (made by Emma) and as a result, her pregnancy is sped up from two months to nine. She gives birth to a baby girl and is taken away by Emma into her basement with Hook at her side. She is freed from her cuff once again by Hook and leaves Hook in Emma’s house, wanting to get answers. Zelena steps back inside after Emma finds him. She brings in an enchanted dreamcatcher, which holds the memories of Hook becoming a Dark One (in Emma’s fault) in order to save him. Zelena learns that Robin and Regina are allowing her to see her baby, as long as one of them is with her. This is when she shares a bonding moment with her child. During the Dark Siege of Storybrooke, Zelena plans to take Regina’s place in Storybrooke including her office. After claiming full custody of her baby, Zelena is transported by Regina (using the Apprentice’s Wand) back to Oz, and she claimed they will see each other again.[12]
On Zelena’s return to Oz, she confronts Dorothy, who is currently in possession of the silver slippers which can transport her to any realm. She holds Dorothy’s dog, Toto, hostage in exchange for the shoes. Dorothy tries to knock Zelena out with poppy powder, but before she does, Zelena puts her under a sleeping curse. Now in possession of the silver slippers, she goes back to Storybrooke and assumes the form of the Blue Fairy to trick Belle into giving her back her daughter, who is residing at the convent with the fairies. During their conversation, a portal to the Underworld appears and Belle, holding the baby, goes through it. In a desperate attempt not to lose her daughter again, Zelena jumps through it. However, due to a sprained ankle and her diminished magic in the Underworld, Zelena is helpless as Belle runs away with her daughter. Regina reunites with Zelena in the underworld where it is revealed that Zelena and Hades have a romantic history. The sisters eventually become close as she tries to change for her daughter. She shares True Love’s Kiss with Hades, which allows him to go to Storybrooke and the two go together with the baby as she believes Hades has changed. However, Hades kills Robin Hood, proving his evil to Zelena who kills him with the Olympian Crystal. She names the baby Robin after her father.
In season 6, Zelena and Regina get into a fight where Regina reveals that she blames Zelena for Robin’s death; Regina’s dark half, the Evil Queen has now become a human manifestation and she and Zelena work together until the Queen tries to kill her. Regina saves Zelena from the Evil Queen but does not forgive her for Robin’s death. Later in the series, the town is threatened by Rumplestiltskin’s mother, the Black Fairy. Zelena goes into the mines to confront her, but is held back by Regina, who does not trust her to take care of the situation. The Black Fairy takes control of the unstable magic Zelena uses to attack the fairy, and uses it to fuel crystals with dark magic. Regina takes her frustration out on Zelena after they leave the mines, and tells her to go back to Oz. In a distressed state, Zelena takes the Apprentice’s wand and creates a portal to Oz, but instead of going though, she retrieves a magical artefact and uses it to take away her magic, which removes the dark magic fuelling the crystals, therefore ruining the Black Fairy’s plans.
After the Black Fairy’s dark curse is broken, Zelena remains in Storybrooke and raises Robin. Zelena eventually regains her magic after a confrontation between herself, Robin, Mother Gothel and Captain Hook.
Emerald City[edit]
The Witch of the West appears as one of the main characters in the television series Emerald City, portrayed by Ana Ularu. Here she is one of the last Cardinal Witches of Oz and the «Mistress of the Western Fields, Vessel of Truth and Solace», along with her sisters Glinda of the North and the Witch of the East. West seemingly obeys the Wizard of Oz’s law against magic, owns a brothel in the Emerald City and is a poppy opium addict, deteriorating her magical skill. She is very emotional, especially when compared to the reserved behavior of Glinda’s. Despite claiming to hate magic because it could not save her mother and sister witches during the Beast Forever’s last attack, she resorts to it quickly when in pursuit of Dorothy after she accidentally killed East.
Minor Roles in Other Adaptations[edit]
- On the 1969 LP vinyl Songs from the Wizard of Oz, produced by Disneyland records, there is a song sung by a witch named Smarmy (voiced by singer Carol Lombard) entitled «Just Call Smarmy.» While some presume that she is The Wicked Witch of the West, she is in fact another evil witch from another Disney/Oz story, «The Cowardly Lion of Oz» which was produced for Disneyland records in 1969 as well. This song, along with others from Disney Oz musical story albums comprises this disk.
- In The Wiz (1974), its film version (1978), and television special (2015), the Wicked Witch of the West is given the name Evillene (portrayed by Mabel King in both the original Broadway cast and the film, and Mary J. Blige in the television special). She is the malevolent ruler of the Winkies. She is the sister of Addaperle (Miss One in the film version), Glinda, and Evermean, the other three witches of Oz. In the film version, she runs a sweatshop under Yankee Stadium with the slogan «Manufacturers and Exporters of Sweat» and extracts it not only from the Winkies, but the Crows, the Poppy Girls, and the Subway Peddler. Her magic creates urban variations on the Kalidahs (depicted as evil growing dolls sent by the Subway Peddler), Fighting Trees (depicted as mobile pillars) and the wolves (depicted as living and carnivorous trash cans), all in the Subway system. She then sends the Flying Monkeys (depicted as a biker gang) to capture Dorothy and her friends. In the film, Evillene is vanquished when Dorothy sets off the sweatshop’s sprinkler system, thus ending her reign over the Winkies.
- In Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo‘s 1981 episode «Scooby’s Trip to Ahz», the Witch appears as the Wicked Witch of the North by Southeast (suffix name spoofs the film title «North by Northwest»).
- In the anime film The Wizard of Oz (1982), the Witch (voiced by Elizabeth Hanna) is purple-skinned, white-haired, and wears an eyepatch similar to W. W. Denslow’s original illustration. However, her telescopic eye is replaced by a magic mirror. Her soldiers are completely magical, disappear at her demise, and are quite distinct from the Winkies, whom she uses only for labor. She wears an old-fashioned peasant dress and possesses a staff, through which she generates her magic.
- In the 1986 anime series The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, the Witch is purple-skinned once again, and has long white hair with a blood-like red streak. She possesses both eyes and is dressed in a long, black hooded gown. Her eyes have the power to turn people into stone, and turn blood-red when such transformations are effected. One of the Winkies actually tries to crush her to death with a huge boulder, but the Witch causes the boulder to disappear, and turns the man into stone. Like in the 1982 anime film, a magic mirror shows her everything she wishes to uncover. The Wicked Witch makes it clear to Dorothy that the Good Witch of the North’s kiss cannot serve as protection from her apparently superior power, and it’s the Silver Shoes that safeguard the girl. The Witch also reveals that the Wicked Witch of the East was her sister, and that the Silver Shoes could triple her own powers. This version gives the witch the most prolonged and dramatic death scene of all versions; it also differs from previous adaptations by suggesting that Mombi was her protégé.
- In the animated series The Wizard of Oz (1990–1991) by DiC Enterprises, the Flying Monkeys that were loyal to the Wicked Witch of the West (voiced by Tress MacNeille) perform a ritual that resurrects the Wicked Witch of the West where they place her hat, dress and cloak on an effigy. Afterwards, she terrorizes Oz again by tarnishing the Emerald City, stealing what Dorothy’s friends treasure the most (the Scarecrow’s brain diploma, the Tin Woodman’s clock heart, and the Cowardly Lion’s medal of courage), and making the Wizard fly off-course in his hot-air balloon by creating an evil wind. Of course she still has a weakness to any type of water causing her to evade at all times. This incarnation of the character was clearly based on the 1939 MGM movie, to which the series itself served as an unofficial sequel. Although the witch’s garments are purple here rather than black.
- The Witch appears in a little-known 1995 version of the original story made for British cable television, which combined elements of Baum’s original story, the 1939 movie, and the 1985 semi-sequel Return to Oz. She first appears after Dorothy lands in Oz, demands to know where the Ruby Slippers are, threatens Dorothy, then leaves. The Munchkins then reveal they hid the Slippers to keep the Witch from getting them, force them onto Dorothy, who then leaves to find the Wizard. At the end of the film, after taking the Slippers while Dorothy is sleeping, the Witch turns her loose in a room full of large rocks, says she’s turned Dorothy’s companions into rocks themselves, and will give her three chances to pick which ones are her friends, but if she guesses wrong, she will become one herself. To be fair, she turns the Slippers into a rock and hides them in the room. Dorothy, however manages to find the Tin Woodman, Scarecrow and Cowardly Lion. The Witch, enraged, grows to giant sized and holds a boulder over Dorothy, who then finds the Slippers and wishes for the Witch to lose her power. The Witch loses her strength and falls backwards, and the boulder kills her instantly.
- In the 1995 television special The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True (a stage musical based on the 1939 film), Debra Winger portrays the Witch. Her costume is green rather than black. In addition, Winger narrates the tornado scene including Miss Gulch’s transformation. This production omits the scene where the Witch threatens Dorothy, the Scarecrow, and Tin Man as mattresses and a beehive after appearing on top of The Tin Man’s cottage. The Wicked Witch’s Castle scenes are shortened due to time limit. Unlike Margaret Hamilton, Winger says the line «What a little whiner! I’ll give you something to cry about» when Dorothy suffers her imprisonment after Aunt Em’s image fades away in the crystal ball rather than «I’ll give you Auntie Em, my pretty!».
- In the February 1996 episode «Water You Thinking?» of Mighty Morphin’ Alien Rangers, a witch monster appears by the name of Witchblade and she seems to be modeled after the Wicked Witch. Her voice and cackle are reminiscent of the 1939 film’s portrayal of the Witch. Additionally, most of her lines are paraphrasings of the Witch’s lines, such as «How ’bout a little fire, Rangers?». She also refers to the Rangers’ Zords as «Tin Men» and to the Rangers as «My pretties». When she’s defeated, she cries «Oh, no! I’m falling, falling! What a world!»
- In «Anthology of Interest II», a 2002 episode of the animated television series Futurama, Leela is knocked unconscious and dreams about being Dorothy in a version of The Wizard of Oz, with Futurama characters playing the roles of Wizard characters. While Fry is the Scarecrow, Bender the Robot is the Tinman, and Doctor Zoidberg is the Lion, the Wicked Witch is played by Mom, a recurring antagonist from the show, voice by Tress MacNeille who also provided the voice for The Wicked Witch of the West in the 1990 DIC animated series. The Witch sends her flying monkeys, played by Mom’s sons Larry, Walt, and Igner, to capture Dorothy/Leela. At the Witch’s castle, she reveals that she wants to adopt Dorothy as her daughter, and Dorothy/Leela agrees, as long as she gets to be a witch, too. The Witch/Mom meets her fate when Tinman/Bender opens a celebratory bottle of champagne and accidentally sprays her with it, melting her. Later, after Dorothy/Leela uses the power of her ruby boots to become the new Wicked Witch of the West, water splashes down on her from the ceiling, causing her to melt as well, to which the Cowardly Lobster/Zoidberg descends the stairs, mentioning «I think there’s a problem with your upstairs toilet.»
- In The Muppets’ Wizard of Oz (2005), Miss Piggy plays all of the witches of Oz, including the Wicked Witch of the West. Her basic attire evoked W. W. Denslow’s original illustration, with a biker theme. The eyepatch also covered a magical glass-eye that gave her visual powers. This version of the Wicked Witch is only vulnerable to tap water where she is able to bathe in bottled water. The Wicked Witch of the West is vanquished when Dorothy kicks her into the bathtub filled with bottled tap water since Angel Marie filled the bottles with tap water. Afterwards, Dorothy salvages her glass-eye which is later given to the Wizard of Oz. Miss Piggy’s other role is herself. Prior to Dorothy’s journey, she appears with Kermit and tries to get rid of Dorothy. After Dorothy’s return, she returns for the Muppets’ show.
- In the October 2007 VeggieTales episode «The Wonderful Wizard of Ha’s», the witch and her Kansas counterpart from the 1939 film are replaced by Bobby the Bully (Kansas) and Chester the Bully (Wonderful Land of Ha’s), both portrayed by Gourdon from «Bully Trouble».
- In the December 2007 Syfy miniseries Tin Man, the character of Azkadellia (played by Kathleen Robertson) is analogous with the Wicked Witch of the West, though she is vastly different from most other versions of the character. In the miniseries, she is portrayed as a member of the Royal Family of the O.Z. (Outer Zone) who is possessed as a young girl by the spirit of the evil Witch of the Dark (Karin Konoval) who uses her body to take over the O.Z. and plunge it into a world of permanent darkness. This adaptation’s version of Dorothy Gale is Azkadellia’s younger sister DG (Zooey Deschanel). Both of the sisters are powerful witches themselves, though DG has to relearn all of her magical abilities, and once DG frees Azkadellia from the witch’s grip, both of them defeat her together. Although it is clear that Azkadellia is analogous with the Wicked Witch of the West, it is implied vaguely that the Witch of the Dark is the Wicked Witch that Dorothy, who makes an appearance as a spirit in a mausoleum, defeated in the original story.
- In Dorothy of Oz, a Korean manhwa (produced 2008 or earlier) by Son Hee-Joon, the Witch of the West is re-imagined as a scientist who rules over the Western Dominion. She is psychopathic and cruel, and in a twist, she (not Mara/Dorothy) is the true orchestrator of the death of the East Witch Selluriah. She is the creator of an army of clones, one of whom is the story’s equivalent of the Scarecrow. Whether or not this is a reference to the musical Wicked is unknown.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears as the primary antagonist of the 2011 television miniseries Dorothy and the Witches of Oz, played by Eliza Swenson. In flashbacks, it was seen that she had obtained the mystical Book of Bini Aru (which contained the Changing Word) from the Wizard as part of a deal not to continue her attack on Oz in exchange that the Wizard doesn’t plan to reclaim the book. Unfortunately for the Wicked Witch of the West, the Wizard entrusted the key to the Book of Bini Aru to Dorothy for safekeeping. On Earth, she assumes the form of a female book publishing agent named Billie Westbrook and plans to obtain key from Dorothy so that she can lead Princess Langwidere, the Nome King and an army of winged monkeys, Nomes, and dragons into taking over Earth upon learning the Changing Word. The Wicked Witch of the West also had plans to invade Wonderland, Neverland, Camelot, Narnia, and Shangri-La.
- The Wicked Witch of the West has a cameo appearance in Legends of Oz: Dorothy’s Return during one of the Jester’s songs. The Jester is presented as her brother who was cursed to be trapped in a jester’s costume by the Witch with Glinda noting that she didn’t know the Witch had a sense of humor.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears as a boss character and playable figure in the video game Lego Dimensions, voiced by Courtenay Taylor. She is the only playable character from the Wizard of Oz franchise. During the video game’s story, she is the boss in the first level “Follow the LEGO Brick Road”, where Batman, Gandalf, and Wyldstyle face off against her, who appears right after Dorothy and her friends go missing alongside the Ruby Slippers, and were able to defeat her with water and steal the Shift Keystone from her. Her hat is later salvaged by Lord Vortech.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears in Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz, voiced by Laraine Newman.
- In the American television show Supernatural, the Wicked Witch appears as the villain of the episode «Slumber Party» portrayed by Maya Massar. She comes to Earth in 1935 with a plan to get the Key to Oz and bring her army to Earth to take over. Dorothy Gale, who is in fact the daughter of L. Frank Baum, becomes a monster hunter to stop the Wicked Witch after she spent some time trapped in Oz with the resistance where the leaders being cursed to transform into the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Lion. During that time, Dorothy is unable to kill her. When the Wicked Witch followed her back to Earth, Dorothy was eventually forced to simply trap herself and the Wicked Witch in a jar in the Men of Letters Bunker until someone else can work out her weakness. When the two of them are accidentally released in 2013, the Wicked Witch begins searching for the Key to continue her plan, the protagonists initially only able to wound the Wicked Witch with bullets made from poppy seed extract. At one point, the Wicked Witch of the West found where Crowley was locked up and got some information out of him. She possesses Sam and Dean Winchester to kill Dorothy, whom she can’t hurt due to the blessing Dorothy received from Glinda upon arrival. As the Wicked Witch gets her hands on the Key to Oz and prepares to get her army through the door, she is killed by Charlie Bradbury with the Ruby Slippers when Dorothy identifies them as possessing Oz magic and being suitably sharp. Then Charlie closes the door before the winged monkeys can enter.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears as one of the villains in The Lego Batman Movie, voiced by Riki Lindhome who was uncredited for the role. She is depicted as an inmate of the Phantom Zone, the group of which she is part of is known as the Ubers. Upon Joker proposing his plan to escape the Phantom Zone and help him invade Gotham City and defeat Batman, the Wicked Witch of the West tells Joker «We’re listening.» When Harley Quinn steals the Phantom Zone Projector from Arkham Asylum’s evidence locker and frees Joker and the Phantom Zone inmates, the Wicked Witch of the West unleashes the Winged Monkeys to fly around and cause mayhem in Gotham City where Robin kicks them off the Bat-Plane. The Wicked Witch of the West also infiltrates Wayne Island along with Joker, Harley Quinn, and the other Phantom Zone inmates. She is defeated by Team Batman and their enemies in the end and sent back to the Phantom Zone.
- In the Amazon Prime animated series Lost in Oz, West (voiced by Nika Futterman) is the great, great granddaughter of the Wicked Witch of the West who journeys with Dorothy Gale (the descendant of the original), her pet dog Toto, and a medium-sized munchkin name Ojo to help her return to Kansas after she lands in the futuristic magical land of Oz. When she becomes greedy, her skin turns green as if she’s almost turning into her ancestor.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears in Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz, voiced again by Laraine Newman. After she was melted, her spirit was imprisoned in her crystal ball. The Wicked Witch of the West had to have her niece Wilhelmina (voiced by Jessica DiCicco) and the flying monkeys on her niece’s side scheme to steal the Ruby Slippers that are needed to restore her.
- In the third volume of Shazam!, the Wicked Witch of the West came from the Wozenderlands and is a member of the Monster Society of Evil. She was among its members imprisoned in the Dungeon of Eternity within the Monsterlands until Mister Mind instructed Doctor Sivana on how to free them.[13] As Shazam fights the Mister Mind-controlled C.C. Batson, Freddy fights the Wicked Witch of the West and Jeepers. She does managed to use her spells to trap Eugene in some vines.[14] When Shazam defeats Mister Mind, the resulting magical energy knocked out the Wicked Witch of the West and the rest of the Monster Society of Evil. The Monster Society of Evil was mentioned to have been remanded to Rock Falls Penitentiary where the Shazam Family built a special section to contain magical threats.[15]
- The Wicket Witch of the West appeared in the 2021 film Space Jam: A New Legacy.[16][17] She is among the Warner Bros. Serververse inhabitants that watches the basketball match between the Tune Squad and the Goon Squad.
References[edit]
- ^ L. Frank Baum, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
- ^ Baum, L. Frank; Hearn, Michael Patrick. The Annotated Wizard of Oz, W. W. Norton & Company, 1976. p.231. ISBN 0-517-50086-8
- ^ Zimmermann, Denise; Gleason, Katherine A. The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Wicca and Witchcraft, 2nd Edition, Alpha, 2003. p.7. ISBN 1-59257-111-5
- ^ «AFI’s 100 Years …100 Heroes & Villains».
- ^ «90. The Wicked Witch of the West». Empire. Retrieved 4 December 2010.
- ^ Nissen, Axel (2007). Actresses of a Certain Character: Forty Familiar Hollywood Faces from the Thirties to the Fifties. McFarland & Company. pp. 196–202. ISBN 978-0-7864-2746-8. Archived from the original on August 1, 2020. Retrieved April 22, 2020.
- ^ Potempa, Philip (October 27, 2017). «Wicked Witch of the West not always a fright sight». Post-Tribune. Crown Point, IN: Chicago Tribune Media Group. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
- ^ Buckley, Michael (June 6, 2004). «STAGE TO SCREENS: A Chat with Wicked Nominee and TV Veteran Winnie Holzman». Playbill. Archived from the original on November 21, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
- ^ «Wicked – Script». MusicalSchwartz.com. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
- ^ Maguire, Gregory (1995). Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West. ReganBooks. ISBN 978-0-06-039144-7.
- ^ «Once Upon a Time: Rebecca Mader Is Playing The Wicked Witch of the West! See the Incredible First Photos». E!. December 15, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2014.
- ^ «Zelena». ABC. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
- ^ Shazam! Vol. 3 #11. DC Comics.
- ^ Shazam! Vol. 3 #13. DC Comics.
- ^ Shazam! Vol. 3 #14. DC Comics.
- ^ «Space Jam 2 Leaks Include Joker, Mask, Pennywise». 10 March 2020.
- ^ «Space Jam 2 Footage Leaks: Harry Potter, Wicked Witch, Joker, Mask». 11 March 2020.
External links[edit]
Media related to Wicked Witch of the West at Wikimedia Commons
Media related to Wicked Witch of the West at Wikimedia Commons«Wicked Witch» redirects here. For the stock character in fairy tales, see hag. For other uses, see Wicked Witch (disambiguation).
| Wicked Witch of the West | |
|---|---|
| Oz character | |
|
Margaret Hamilton (left) as the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz (1939), threatening Dorothy Gale (Judy Garland) |
|
| First appearance | The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) |
| Created by | L. Frank Baum |
| Portrayed by |
|
| Voiced by |
|
| In-universe information | |
| Alias |
|
| Species | Human (witch) |
| Gender | Female |
| Title | The Wicked Witch of the West |
| Occupation | Ruler of the Winkies (at time of death) |
| Family | The Wicked Witch of the East (sister, only in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and the medias based after it) Wicked: Governess of Munchkinland (mother), Wizard of Oz (father) Once Upon A Time: Regina Mills (half-sister), Cora (mother), Robin (daughter), Henry Mills (nephew), Alice (probable daughter in law), Hades (former boyfriend) |
| Nationality | Ozian of Winkie descent |
| Role | Antagonist |
The Wicked Witch of the West is a fictional character who appears in the classic children’s novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900), created by American author L. Frank Baum. In Baum’s subsequent Oz novels, it is the Nome King who is the principal villain; the Wicked Witch of the West is rarely even referred to again after her death in the first book.
The witch’s most popular depiction was in the classic 1939 film based on Baum’s novel, where she was portrayed by Margaret Hamilton. Hamilton’s characterization introduced green skin and this has been continued in later literary and dramatic representations, including Gregory Maguire’s revisionist Oz novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West (1995) and its musical stage adaptation Wicked (2003), the 2013 film Oz the Great and Powerful, and the television series Once Upon a Time and Emerald City.
In Baum’s books[edit]
The Wicked Witch of the West is the malevolent ruler of the Winkie Country. Her castle is described as beautiful instead of being the sinister fortress shown in the film. In all versions, she is aquaphobic. The Wicked Witch of the West was not related to the Wicked Witch of the East, but leagued together with her, the Wicked Witch of the South, and the Wicked Witch of the North to conquer the Land of Oz and divide it among themselves, as recounted in L. Frank Baum’s Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz. She shows no interest in the death of the Eastern Witch and all she cares about is obtaining the Silver Shoes which will increase her power. W. W. Denslow’s illustrations for The Wonderful Wizard of Oz depict her as a paunched old hag with three pigtails and an eyepatch. Baum himself specified that she only had one eye, but that it «was as powerful as a telescope», enabling the witch to see what was happening in her kingdom from her castle windows. Other illustrators, such as Paul Granger, placed her eye in the center of her forehead, as a cyclops. Usually, she is shown wearing an eyepatch, however, some illustrations show her with two eyes.
Most of her power resides in the creatures she controls. She has a pack of 40 great wolves, a swarm of black bees, a flock of 40 crows, and an army of Winkies.[1] She possesses the enchanted Golden Cap, which compels the winged monkeys to obey her on three occasions. First, the witch commanded the creatures to help her enslave the Winkies and to seize control of the western part of the Land of Oz. Second, she made the winged monkeys drive Oz out of the Winkie Country, when he attempted to overthrow her.
When Dorothy Gale and her companions were sent by the Wizard to destroy her, the Witch attacked them with her various creatures. Each of these attempts was thwarted, but the protagonists are eventually subdued by the Witch’s third and final permitted use of the winged monkeys. Nevertheless, the old witch cannot kill Dorothy because the girl is protected by the Good Witch of the North’s kiss. She, therefore, settles for enslaving Dorothy, and tries to force the Cowardly Lion into submission by starving him, though Dorothy sneaks him food. Upon seeing the Silver Shoes on the girl’s feet, the Wicked Witch decides to steal them, and thereby acquire even more power.
When she succeeds in acquiring one silver shoe by making Dorothy trip over an invisible bar, the little girl angrily throws a bucket of water onto the Wicked Witch. This causes the old witch to melt away. The Wicked Witch’s dryness was enumerated in some clues before this. Furthermore, when Toto had bitten her, she had not bled; her wickedness had dried her up long ago. Unfortunately, L. Frank Baum did not explain precisely why water had this effect on her, nor did he ever imply that all evil witches could be likewise destroyed. However, the wicked witch Mombi is similarly disposed of in The Lost King of Oz and the wicked witch Singra is clearly afraid of the same fate in the early chapters of The Wicked Witch of Oz.
Personality[edit]
The Witch did not carry a broom in the novel, but rather an umbrella, which she uses on one occasion to strike Dorothy’s dog Toto.[2] Her nature is a volatile and yet somewhat cowardly one. Despite her immense power, she avoids face-to-face contact with her enemies, and is frightened of Dorothy at first when she sees the girl wearing the Silver Shoes. She is also afraid of the dark in Baum’s original story for reasons unknown. For that reason, the Witch never tried to steal the Silver Shoes while Dorothy was sleeping. Despite her fear of water and the dark, the Wicked Witch of the West was one of the most powerful witches in all of Oz.[citation needed] In ensuing Oz books, her power is described as having been so great that even Glinda the Good Witch of the South feared her.[citation needed]
In other books[edit]
- In Alexander Melentyevich Volkov’s 1939 novel The Wizard of the Emerald City, her given name is Bastinda. March Laumer uses this name for the witch in his novel Aunt Em and Uncle Henry in Oz. Like in the 1939 movie, she is the sister of the Wicked Witch of the East. Sherwood Smith uses this name for a new Wicked Witch of the West in her 2005 book The Emerald Wand of Oz.
- Gregory Maguire’s September 1995 revisionist novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West takes the familiar Oz story and inverts it, with the Wicked Witch (given the name Elphaba in homage to L. Frank Baum) as the novel’s protagonist and Dorothy as a hapless child. The name is retained in the musical Wicked.
- In the novel The Unknown Witches of Oz, the Wicked Witch of the West is named Old Snarl-Spats.
- In Dorothy of Oz, the Wicked Witch of the West’s ghost appeared. When Princess Gaylette’s Jester gets his hand on the Wicked Witch of the West’s wand, he gets possessed by the Wicked Witch of the West’s ghost. When Dorothy starts to do a trick to fool the Jester that Glinda is in china doll form, the Wicked Witch of the West’s ghost continues to warn the Jester of Dorothy’s trick. When the Jester gives the Wicked Witch of the West’s wand to Dorothy, the Wicked Witch of the West’s ghost disappears. It was also mentioned in this story that Wicked Witch of the West once cast a curse on the Gillikin Country town of Purplefield where it was turned into a maze that causes anyone who fails to make it through to disappear. Her curse on Purplefield was undone when Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Man, and Cowardly Lion made it through the maze by hearing Tugg’s foghorn.
- In the comic book series Grimm Fairy Tales Presents Oz, the Wicked Witch of the West is named Lynessa.
- In the novel The Living House of Oz there is a witch named Mordra who comes from an alternate Oz, but looks identical to the Wicked Witch of the West who lived in the regular Oz.
- In Cheshire Crossing after reforming years after being melted by Dorothy, the Wicked Witch of the West, also known as Miss West, confronts her alongside Alice Liddell and Wendy Darling, becoming allied and romantically involved with Captain James Hook.
- In the graphic novel adaptation of How the Wizard Came to Oz, the Wicked Witch of the West is named Morella.
- In the 2021 novel Oscar Diggs, The Wizard of Oz, the Witch of the West is named Theodora Elphaba, a combination of the names from Oz the Great and Powerful and Wicked.
In dramatic representations[edit]
1910 film[edit]
The 1910 silent film The Wonderful Wizard of Oz features a character similar to the Wicked Witch of the West, identified in intertitles as «Momba the Witch» (Compare the character Mombi from The Marvelous Land of Oz). In the film, Momba has an unspecified hold over the Wizard, who promises his crown to anyone who can release him from Momba’s power. Momba captures Dorothy and her companions, evoking the events in Baum’s original novel, and is destroyed when Dorothy throws a bucket of water over her.
1914 film[edit]
Mombi’s likeness and costume in the 1914 silent film, His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz is based on Denslow’s illustrations of the Wicked Witch of the West.
1939 film[edit]
In the 1939 version of The Wizard of Oz, Margaret Hamilton plays the Wicked Witch of the West as a green-skinned witch dressed in a long black dress with a black pointed hat. She does not wear an eye-patch like in the novel. This representation of the Wicked Witch has become a standard for what witches resemble and an archetype of human wickedness.[3] While the relationship is not mentioned in Baum’s books, in the movie, the Witch is the sister of the Wicked Witch of the East. The movie makes her even more of a primary antagonist, and consequently, she appears in the film much earlier (and more often), than in Baum’s original novel. She demands the Munchkins reveal who killed her sister, not long after Dorothy’s arrival in Oz. She is described by Glinda the Good Witch of the North, not the South as in the book, as «worse than the other one». She actively seeks revenge against Dorothy for killing her sister, even though it was «accidental». However, as soon as the Witch is reminded of the ruby slippers, all interest in her sister’s death vanishes and all she cares about is obtaining her slippers, which will enable her to conquer Oz. She is more menacing than her literary counterpart, making Dorothy too afraid to ever lose her temper with the Witch. She makes sure that Dorothy knows her power when Dorothy meets the Scarecrow by throwing a ball of fire at them. Before Dorothy and her friends get to the city, the Witch casts a sleeping spell over a field of poppies through which the group must pass. Glinda remotely counteracts the spell with snowfall. The Wicked Witch then flies on her broom over the Emerald City, demanding that the citizens of the Emerald City surrender Dorothy to her, and the Wizard demands the destruction of the Witch, with her broom as proof, in exchange for granting the wishes of Dorothy and her companions. Unlike Baum’s original depiction, the Wicked Witch sends the Winged Monkeys as the first wave of attack. The Golden Cap is not mentioned but, after the failure of her poppy spell, the Witch does hold and then angrily cast away a costume piece that could be considered the cap (It greatly resembles the Cap as depicted in W. W. Denslow’s original illustrations for The Wonderful Wizard of Oz) and was mentioned as her «wishing cap» in the original shooting script. She is killed when Dorothy throws a bucket of water on her, in attempt to put out a fire the witch bestowed on the Scarecrow. In the novel, Dorothy simply throws it on her in a fit of anger. There is no prior mention of the Wicked Witch’s vulnerability to water in the movie, save for a split-second before the water actually douses her when she screams «Don’t throw that water!» (this line does not appear in the film’s shooting script). After the Wicked Witch of the West is dead, her soldiers are glad to be free of her power, and quote «Hail to Dorothy! The Wicked Witch is dead!» The character ranks No. 4 in the American Film Institute’s list of the 50 Best Movie Villains of All Time alongside Darth Vader, Norman Bates, and Hannibal Lecter,[4] making her the highest ranking female villain, as well as placing 90th on Empire magazine’s 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time.[5]
Hamilton’s other role in this film is the Witch’s Kansas sepia tone counterpart, Miss Almira Gulch, newly created for the film by screenwriter Noel Langley. She is a socialite who owns half the county. She arrives on her bicycle at the farm and says to Uncle Henry: «Mr. Gale! I’d like to speak with you and your wife right away about Dorothy!» Dorothy’s dog, Toto, has bitten her leg, and she wants to take him to the sheriff and make sure he’s destroyed. Dorothy calls her «a wicked old witch.» Miss Gulch takes Toto away in her basket, but he escapes. In the tornado scene, Dorothy sees Miss Gulch on her bicycle transform into a Wicked Witch, flying on her broom.
Gale Sondergaard was originally cast as the Wicked Witch of the West, but withdrew from the role when the witch’s persona shifted from sly and glamorous (thought to emulate the Evil Queen in Disney’s Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs) to the familiar «ugly hag».[6]
Hamilton’s other appearances (including on Sesame Street)[edit]
On a 1976 episode of the American children’s TV show Sesame Street, the Witch, once again played by Hamilton, drops her broom and falls onto the street. Big Bird and a Sesame Street resident, David, have the broom and refuse to give it back because of her nasty and disrespectful attitude (Oscar the Grouch is the only Sesame Street resident who finds her pleasant; he even develops a crush on her). Enraged, the Wicked Witch threatens to turn them into a feather duster and a basketball, respectively, unless they comply with her wishes; she also makes it rain inside of Mr. Hooper’s store as an intimidation tactic. Realizing that threats and intimidation have failed to yield the desired result, she resorts to trickery, disguising herself as a sweet old lady in an effort to steal the broom back. David turns the tables on her by willingly giving it back after talking her into asking for it politely and with respect. Unfortunately, she does not learn the lesson about being nice and heads home on discourteous terms with the locals (except, perhaps, for Big Bird, who says he will miss her because the events of the episode were an exciting change). The Wicked Witch drops accidentally drops the broom again while showing off on her flight home, and David, again in possession of it, laments his prediction that the whole ordeal will now repeat itself.
This episode received a very negative reception. After it was aired, the Children’s Television Workshop (CTW) and series creators Joan Ganz Cooney and Lloyd Morrisett received numerous letters from parents, who complained that the Wicked Witch was too scary for their children, using phrases such as «screams and tears» and «the threat of the witch’s power remains in children’s eyes.» As a result of these complaints, Anna Herera, of the CTW Research Department, told the creators of Sesame Street to not re-air the episode. The episode was leaked anonymously on June 18, 2022.
The Museum of the Moving Image in New York City screened part of the Wicked Witch episode on November 24, 2019, as part of a «Lost and Found» event that celebrated the 50th anniversary of Sesame Street. It was accompanied by many other clips, including the unaired episode «Snuffy’s Parents Get a Divorce», along with a discussion panel with Jim Henson Legacy president Craig Shemin, former Sesame Street head writer Norman Stiles, and Sesame Workshop’s Rosemarie Truglio.
Hamilton also played the Wicked Witch of the West in The Paul Lynde Halloween Special (1976), and reprised her role several times on stage, most notably at the St. Louis Municipal Opera.
Hamilton also appeared as herself on Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood three times between 1975 and 1976. In these appearances, she demonstrated how her costume and acting skills made her appear to be the Witch, and assured her young viewers that there was nothing about her to be feared, because her portrayal in the film was only make-believe.[7]
Wicked[edit]
The story line of the stage adaptation «goes far afield» from the 1995 novel. As Winnie Holzman observed in an interview with Playbill, «It was [Maguire’s] brilliant idea to take this hated figure and tell things from her point of view, and to have the two witches be roommates in college, but the way in which their friendship develops – and really the whole plot – is different onstage.»[8] Schwartz justified the deviation, saying «Primarily we were interested in the relationship between Galinda – who becomes Glinda – and Elphaba…the friendship of these two women and how their characters lead them to completely different destinies.»[9] In addition to this change in focus, other major plot modifications include Fiyero’s appearance as the scarecrow, Elphaba’s survival at the end, Nessarose using a wheelchair instead of being born without arms, Boq having a continuing love interest for Glinda – and eventually becoming the Tin Woodman instead of Nick Chopper, the complete cutting of Elphaba’s years in the Vinkus, the deletion of Liir’s birth, Fiyero not having a wife and children, and Doctor Dillamond not being murdered.[10]
Oz the Great and Powerful[edit]
Mila Kunis portrays the Wicked Witch of the West, who is named Theodora, in the 2013 Disney film Oz the Great and Powerful. In this version, she is portrayed as a ‘good witch’ and as the younger sister of Evanora (Rachel Weisz), who is at war with Glinda (Michelle Williams) for control of Oz; Theodora wants nothing more than for peace to come back to their land. She falls in love with Oscar Diggs (James Franco), but her feelings for him are one-sided; Theodora wants to be Oscar’s queen when he rules Oz. After Oscar goes to meet with Glinda, Evanora convinces Theodora that Oscar had betrayed her, offering her a magic apple that will help Theodora forget her disappointment. Theodora immediately takes a bite from it, but she realizes too late that Evanora had deceived her. Before Theodora can do anything, she starts feeling great pain and delirium, as the apple, tainted with dark magic causes her heart to wither. Her skin turns green as a side effect of the magic, while her nose becomes crooked due to her falling on it. Though Evanora offers to cover up Theodora’s new appearance with an enchantment, Theodora embraces her new appearance and helps her sister attempt to kill Glinda, get revenge on Oscar, and take control of Oz. However, she and Evanora are defeated by Oscar’s illusions. Theodora is forced to flee the city on her broom, but she threatens to return. Oscar tells her he knows her wickedness isn’t her doing and, if she ever finds the goodness within her, she is welcome to return. However, she refuses and flies off to the West (at this point now officially beginning her reign as The Wicked Witch Of The West), vowing revenge.
Once Upon a Time[edit]
The Wicked Witch appears as the main antagonist of the second half of Season Three of Once Upon a Time, played by Rebecca Mader.[11] This version goes by the name of Zelena (which means «green» in some Slavic languages). Zelena is discovered to be the daughter of the Queen of Hearts/the Miller’s Daughter/Cora (Barbara Hershey/Rose McGowan), making her the older, long-lost half-sister of Regina the Evil Queen (Lana Parrilla). Zelena visited Rumplestiltskin (Robert Carlyle) and learned from him how to control her own powerful magic. Her storyline revolves around her efforts to create a time-travel spell that will allow her to go back and prevent the birth of Snow White’s mother, Ava, who informed Prince Leopold (Cora’s fiancé) that Cora was with child to sabotage Cora’s attempts to infiltrate the royal family (before she can ruin Zelena’s life), and thus Zelena would be raised as royalty. But despite Zelena’s efforts to create the deadly time portal Emma Swan (supposedly the only wielder of light magic powerful enough to oppose her) her plans are halted when the Evil Queen masters light magic in time to oppose her (although her time-travel spell is completed, it takes effect after her presumed death, transporting Emma and Captain Hook (Colin O’Donoghue) back to before the original curse was cast). She was later thought to have been killed by Rumplestiltskin.
It was later discovered that Zelena’s soul actually went back in time, where she managed to revive herself and assumed Maid Marian’s (Christie Laing) place after killing her in the past and taking her appearance; to allow the heroes to take her back to the present, where she poses as Marian without Robin Hood (Sean Maguire) knowing. This way, she can resume making Regina Mills suffer by complicating her romantic relationship with the believed widower Robin. Zelena also copies the other villains’ idea to try to force the Author to write them happy lives at the expense of the heroes. Zelena swaps out the Elixir of the Wounded Heart and when Mr. Gold (Rumplestiltskin) is dying, saves his life with it, but only after he agrees to drop his grudge against her and begins helping her. Regina is informed of this by Rumplestiltskin himself and rushes to New York with Emma. Upon arriving there with Lily, Emma and Regina confront Robin Hood. Even though Robin Hood is now aware of what happened to Maid Marian, he couldn’t leave Zelena because she is pregnant. Zelena is taken back to Storybrooke and locked in the hospital basement’s asylum. Regina almost has the Author write Zelena and the pregnancy out of existence and memory. Regina changes her mind after she realizes it is something their mother would do, and she can choose to be happy with Robin and the rest of her family, raising the baby herself after the birth. When the Author warps reality to serve his own purposes, the roles of heroes and villains are switched. In the alternate Enchanted Forest Zelena is the fiancé of Robin Hood and their marriage will make all the changes permanent. When Regina is slashed almost fatally by Rumplestiltskin, Zelena complains she is bleeding on her wedding dress and taking the attention away from her on her wedding day. She begins turning green again and runs off. When reality is returned to normal she is still pregnant in the hospital.
Zelena travels with the heroes to Camelot in search of Emma after she becomes the Dark One to save Regina from the same fate. She is told to pretend to be Regina’s mute handmaiden (Regina having taken her voice). In Camelot, Zelena is threatened by Regina that her baby will be taken by Regina once it has been born. She later kidnaps Mary Margaret (Ginnifer Goodwin) as the rest of the group tries to sneak into Camelot (having been thrown out) and regains her magic with King Arthur’s (Liam Garrigan) help. She enchants the main hilt of Excalibur to bind Merlin’s (Elliot Knight) soul, allowing its holder to control him. Zelena, Arthur and Merlin hold Emma’s friends captive with the Protheum flame and the Dark One Dagger as ransom. Before she can do anything, she is tricked by Emma and tied by magic around a tree. After a battle between Merlin and Emma, Zelena transports herself and Arthur back to Camelot. Arthur and Zelena plan to take a magical helm from the kingdom of DunBroch. After many failed attempts to reach the helm, including a battle between Arthur, Zelena and Red Riding Hood (Meghan Ory), Mulan (Jamie Chung) and Merida (Amy Manson, she transports herself back to Camelot, where Emma casts the Dark Curse, ripping everyone back to Storybrooke without their memories of ever stepping foot in Camelot.
Zelena awakens in Granny’s Diner and is almost immediately put back in her cell. Zelena is met by the Dark Swan (name for Emma as the Dark One) and is told she will need an ally in the town after people learn the truth. Zelena eats darkly enchanted onion rings (made by Emma) and as a result, her pregnancy is sped up from two months to nine. She gives birth to a baby girl and is taken away by Emma into her basement with Hook at her side. She is freed from her cuff once again by Hook and leaves Hook in Emma’s house, wanting to get answers. Zelena steps back inside after Emma finds him. She brings in an enchanted dreamcatcher, which holds the memories of Hook becoming a Dark One (in Emma’s fault) in order to save him. Zelena learns that Robin and Regina are allowing her to see her baby, as long as one of them is with her. This is when she shares a bonding moment with her child. During the Dark Siege of Storybrooke, Zelena plans to take Regina’s place in Storybrooke including her office. After claiming full custody of her baby, Zelena is transported by Regina (using the Apprentice’s Wand) back to Oz, and she claimed they will see each other again.[12]
On Zelena’s return to Oz, she confronts Dorothy, who is currently in possession of the silver slippers which can transport her to any realm. She holds Dorothy’s dog, Toto, hostage in exchange for the shoes. Dorothy tries to knock Zelena out with poppy powder, but before she does, Zelena puts her under a sleeping curse. Now in possession of the silver slippers, she goes back to Storybrooke and assumes the form of the Blue Fairy to trick Belle into giving her back her daughter, who is residing at the convent with the fairies. During their conversation, a portal to the Underworld appears and Belle, holding the baby, goes through it. In a desperate attempt not to lose her daughter again, Zelena jumps through it. However, due to a sprained ankle and her diminished magic in the Underworld, Zelena is helpless as Belle runs away with her daughter. Regina reunites with Zelena in the underworld where it is revealed that Zelena and Hades have a romantic history. The sisters eventually become close as she tries to change for her daughter. She shares True Love’s Kiss with Hades, which allows him to go to Storybrooke and the two go together with the baby as she believes Hades has changed. However, Hades kills Robin Hood, proving his evil to Zelena who kills him with the Olympian Crystal. She names the baby Robin after her father.
In season 6, Zelena and Regina get into a fight where Regina reveals that she blames Zelena for Robin’s death; Regina’s dark half, the Evil Queen has now become a human manifestation and she and Zelena work together until the Queen tries to kill her. Regina saves Zelena from the Evil Queen but does not forgive her for Robin’s death. Later in the series, the town is threatened by Rumplestiltskin’s mother, the Black Fairy. Zelena goes into the mines to confront her, but is held back by Regina, who does not trust her to take care of the situation. The Black Fairy takes control of the unstable magic Zelena uses to attack the fairy, and uses it to fuel crystals with dark magic. Regina takes her frustration out on Zelena after they leave the mines, and tells her to go back to Oz. In a distressed state, Zelena takes the Apprentice’s wand and creates a portal to Oz, but instead of going though, she retrieves a magical artefact and uses it to take away her magic, which removes the dark magic fuelling the crystals, therefore ruining the Black Fairy’s plans.
After the Black Fairy’s dark curse is broken, Zelena remains in Storybrooke and raises Robin. Zelena eventually regains her magic after a confrontation between herself, Robin, Mother Gothel and Captain Hook.
Emerald City[edit]
The Witch of the West appears as one of the main characters in the television series Emerald City, portrayed by Ana Ularu. Here she is one of the last Cardinal Witches of Oz and the «Mistress of the Western Fields, Vessel of Truth and Solace», along with her sisters Glinda of the North and the Witch of the East. West seemingly obeys the Wizard of Oz’s law against magic, owns a brothel in the Emerald City and is a poppy opium addict, deteriorating her magical skill. She is very emotional, especially when compared to the reserved behavior of Glinda’s. Despite claiming to hate magic because it could not save her mother and sister witches during the Beast Forever’s last attack, she resorts to it quickly when in pursuit of Dorothy after she accidentally killed East.
Minor Roles in Other Adaptations[edit]
- On the 1969 LP vinyl Songs from the Wizard of Oz, produced by Disneyland records, there is a song sung by a witch named Smarmy (voiced by singer Carol Lombard) entitled «Just Call Smarmy.» While some presume that she is The Wicked Witch of the West, she is in fact another evil witch from another Disney/Oz story, «The Cowardly Lion of Oz» which was produced for Disneyland records in 1969 as well. This song, along with others from Disney Oz musical story albums comprises this disk.
- In The Wiz (1974), its film version (1978), and television special (2015), the Wicked Witch of the West is given the name Evillene (portrayed by Mabel King in both the original Broadway cast and the film, and Mary J. Blige in the television special). She is the malevolent ruler of the Winkies. She is the sister of Addaperle (Miss One in the film version), Glinda, and Evermean, the other three witches of Oz. In the film version, she runs a sweatshop under Yankee Stadium with the slogan «Manufacturers and Exporters of Sweat» and extracts it not only from the Winkies, but the Crows, the Poppy Girls, and the Subway Peddler. Her magic creates urban variations on the Kalidahs (depicted as evil growing dolls sent by the Subway Peddler), Fighting Trees (depicted as mobile pillars) and the wolves (depicted as living and carnivorous trash cans), all in the Subway system. She then sends the Flying Monkeys (depicted as a biker gang) to capture Dorothy and her friends. In the film, Evillene is vanquished when Dorothy sets off the sweatshop’s sprinkler system, thus ending her reign over the Winkies.
- In Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo‘s 1981 episode «Scooby’s Trip to Ahz», the Witch appears as the Wicked Witch of the North by Southeast (suffix name spoofs the film title «North by Northwest»).
- In the anime film The Wizard of Oz (1982), the Witch (voiced by Elizabeth Hanna) is purple-skinned, white-haired, and wears an eyepatch similar to W. W. Denslow’s original illustration. However, her telescopic eye is replaced by a magic mirror. Her soldiers are completely magical, disappear at her demise, and are quite distinct from the Winkies, whom she uses only for labor. She wears an old-fashioned peasant dress and possesses a staff, through which she generates her magic.
- In the 1986 anime series The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, the Witch is purple-skinned once again, and has long white hair with a blood-like red streak. She possesses both eyes and is dressed in a long, black hooded gown. Her eyes have the power to turn people into stone, and turn blood-red when such transformations are effected. One of the Winkies actually tries to crush her to death with a huge boulder, but the Witch causes the boulder to disappear, and turns the man into stone. Like in the 1982 anime film, a magic mirror shows her everything she wishes to uncover. The Wicked Witch makes it clear to Dorothy that the Good Witch of the North’s kiss cannot serve as protection from her apparently superior power, and it’s the Silver Shoes that safeguard the girl. The Witch also reveals that the Wicked Witch of the East was her sister, and that the Silver Shoes could triple her own powers. This version gives the witch the most prolonged and dramatic death scene of all versions; it also differs from previous adaptations by suggesting that Mombi was her protégé.
- In the animated series The Wizard of Oz (1990–1991) by DiC Enterprises, the Flying Monkeys that were loyal to the Wicked Witch of the West (voiced by Tress MacNeille) perform a ritual that resurrects the Wicked Witch of the West where they place her hat, dress and cloak on an effigy. Afterwards, she terrorizes Oz again by tarnishing the Emerald City, stealing what Dorothy’s friends treasure the most (the Scarecrow’s brain diploma, the Tin Woodman’s clock heart, and the Cowardly Lion’s medal of courage), and making the Wizard fly off-course in his hot-air balloon by creating an evil wind. Of course she still has a weakness to any type of water causing her to evade at all times. This incarnation of the character was clearly based on the 1939 MGM movie, to which the series itself served as an unofficial sequel. Although the witch’s garments are purple here rather than black.
- The Witch appears in a little-known 1995 version of the original story made for British cable television, which combined elements of Baum’s original story, the 1939 movie, and the 1985 semi-sequel Return to Oz. She first appears after Dorothy lands in Oz, demands to know where the Ruby Slippers are, threatens Dorothy, then leaves. The Munchkins then reveal they hid the Slippers to keep the Witch from getting them, force them onto Dorothy, who then leaves to find the Wizard. At the end of the film, after taking the Slippers while Dorothy is sleeping, the Witch turns her loose in a room full of large rocks, says she’s turned Dorothy’s companions into rocks themselves, and will give her three chances to pick which ones are her friends, but if she guesses wrong, she will become one herself. To be fair, she turns the Slippers into a rock and hides them in the room. Dorothy, however manages to find the Tin Woodman, Scarecrow and Cowardly Lion. The Witch, enraged, grows to giant sized and holds a boulder over Dorothy, who then finds the Slippers and wishes for the Witch to lose her power. The Witch loses her strength and falls backwards, and the boulder kills her instantly.
- In the 1995 television special The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True (a stage musical based on the 1939 film), Debra Winger portrays the Witch. Her costume is green rather than black. In addition, Winger narrates the tornado scene including Miss Gulch’s transformation. This production omits the scene where the Witch threatens Dorothy, the Scarecrow, and Tin Man as mattresses and a beehive after appearing on top of The Tin Man’s cottage. The Wicked Witch’s Castle scenes are shortened due to time limit. Unlike Margaret Hamilton, Winger says the line «What a little whiner! I’ll give you something to cry about» when Dorothy suffers her imprisonment after Aunt Em’s image fades away in the crystal ball rather than «I’ll give you Auntie Em, my pretty!».
- In the February 1996 episode «Water You Thinking?» of Mighty Morphin’ Alien Rangers, a witch monster appears by the name of Witchblade and she seems to be modeled after the Wicked Witch. Her voice and cackle are reminiscent of the 1939 film’s portrayal of the Witch. Additionally, most of her lines are paraphrasings of the Witch’s lines, such as «How ’bout a little fire, Rangers?». She also refers to the Rangers’ Zords as «Tin Men» and to the Rangers as «My pretties». When she’s defeated, she cries «Oh, no! I’m falling, falling! What a world!»
- In «Anthology of Interest II», a 2002 episode of the animated television series Futurama, Leela is knocked unconscious and dreams about being Dorothy in a version of The Wizard of Oz, with Futurama characters playing the roles of Wizard characters. While Fry is the Scarecrow, Bender the Robot is the Tinman, and Doctor Zoidberg is the Lion, the Wicked Witch is played by Mom, a recurring antagonist from the show, voice by Tress MacNeille who also provided the voice for The Wicked Witch of the West in the 1990 DIC animated series. The Witch sends her flying monkeys, played by Mom’s sons Larry, Walt, and Igner, to capture Dorothy/Leela. At the Witch’s castle, she reveals that she wants to adopt Dorothy as her daughter, and Dorothy/Leela agrees, as long as she gets to be a witch, too. The Witch/Mom meets her fate when Tinman/Bender opens a celebratory bottle of champagne and accidentally sprays her with it, melting her. Later, after Dorothy/Leela uses the power of her ruby boots to become the new Wicked Witch of the West, water splashes down on her from the ceiling, causing her to melt as well, to which the Cowardly Lobster/Zoidberg descends the stairs, mentioning «I think there’s a problem with your upstairs toilet.»
- In The Muppets’ Wizard of Oz (2005), Miss Piggy plays all of the witches of Oz, including the Wicked Witch of the West. Her basic attire evoked W. W. Denslow’s original illustration, with a biker theme. The eyepatch also covered a magical glass-eye that gave her visual powers. This version of the Wicked Witch is only vulnerable to tap water where she is able to bathe in bottled water. The Wicked Witch of the West is vanquished when Dorothy kicks her into the bathtub filled with bottled tap water since Angel Marie filled the bottles with tap water. Afterwards, Dorothy salvages her glass-eye which is later given to the Wizard of Oz. Miss Piggy’s other role is herself. Prior to Dorothy’s journey, she appears with Kermit and tries to get rid of Dorothy. After Dorothy’s return, she returns for the Muppets’ show.
- In the October 2007 VeggieTales episode «The Wonderful Wizard of Ha’s», the witch and her Kansas counterpart from the 1939 film are replaced by Bobby the Bully (Kansas) and Chester the Bully (Wonderful Land of Ha’s), both portrayed by Gourdon from «Bully Trouble».
- In the December 2007 Syfy miniseries Tin Man, the character of Azkadellia (played by Kathleen Robertson) is analogous with the Wicked Witch of the West, though she is vastly different from most other versions of the character. In the miniseries, she is portrayed as a member of the Royal Family of the O.Z. (Outer Zone) who is possessed as a young girl by the spirit of the evil Witch of the Dark (Karin Konoval) who uses her body to take over the O.Z. and plunge it into a world of permanent darkness. This adaptation’s version of Dorothy Gale is Azkadellia’s younger sister DG (Zooey Deschanel). Both of the sisters are powerful witches themselves, though DG has to relearn all of her magical abilities, and once DG frees Azkadellia from the witch’s grip, both of them defeat her together. Although it is clear that Azkadellia is analogous with the Wicked Witch of the West, it is implied vaguely that the Witch of the Dark is the Wicked Witch that Dorothy, who makes an appearance as a spirit in a mausoleum, defeated in the original story.
- In Dorothy of Oz, a Korean manhwa (produced 2008 or earlier) by Son Hee-Joon, the Witch of the West is re-imagined as a scientist who rules over the Western Dominion. She is psychopathic and cruel, and in a twist, she (not Mara/Dorothy) is the true orchestrator of the death of the East Witch Selluriah. She is the creator of an army of clones, one of whom is the story’s equivalent of the Scarecrow. Whether or not this is a reference to the musical Wicked is unknown.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears as the primary antagonist of the 2011 television miniseries Dorothy and the Witches of Oz, played by Eliza Swenson. In flashbacks, it was seen that she had obtained the mystical Book of Bini Aru (which contained the Changing Word) from the Wizard as part of a deal not to continue her attack on Oz in exchange that the Wizard doesn’t plan to reclaim the book. Unfortunately for the Wicked Witch of the West, the Wizard entrusted the key to the Book of Bini Aru to Dorothy for safekeeping. On Earth, she assumes the form of a female book publishing agent named Billie Westbrook and plans to obtain key from Dorothy so that she can lead Princess Langwidere, the Nome King and an army of winged monkeys, Nomes, and dragons into taking over Earth upon learning the Changing Word. The Wicked Witch of the West also had plans to invade Wonderland, Neverland, Camelot, Narnia, and Shangri-La.
- The Wicked Witch of the West has a cameo appearance in Legends of Oz: Dorothy’s Return during one of the Jester’s songs. The Jester is presented as her brother who was cursed to be trapped in a jester’s costume by the Witch with Glinda noting that she didn’t know the Witch had a sense of humor.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears as a boss character and playable figure in the video game Lego Dimensions, voiced by Courtenay Taylor. She is the only playable character from the Wizard of Oz franchise. During the video game’s story, she is the boss in the first level “Follow the LEGO Brick Road”, where Batman, Gandalf, and Wyldstyle face off against her, who appears right after Dorothy and her friends go missing alongside the Ruby Slippers, and were able to defeat her with water and steal the Shift Keystone from her. Her hat is later salvaged by Lord Vortech.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears in Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz, voiced by Laraine Newman.
- In the American television show Supernatural, the Wicked Witch appears as the villain of the episode «Slumber Party» portrayed by Maya Massar. She comes to Earth in 1935 with a plan to get the Key to Oz and bring her army to Earth to take over. Dorothy Gale, who is in fact the daughter of L. Frank Baum, becomes a monster hunter to stop the Wicked Witch after she spent some time trapped in Oz with the resistance where the leaders being cursed to transform into the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Lion. During that time, Dorothy is unable to kill her. When the Wicked Witch followed her back to Earth, Dorothy was eventually forced to simply trap herself and the Wicked Witch in a jar in the Men of Letters Bunker until someone else can work out her weakness. When the two of them are accidentally released in 2013, the Wicked Witch begins searching for the Key to continue her plan, the protagonists initially only able to wound the Wicked Witch with bullets made from poppy seed extract. At one point, the Wicked Witch of the West found where Crowley was locked up and got some information out of him. She possesses Sam and Dean Winchester to kill Dorothy, whom she can’t hurt due to the blessing Dorothy received from Glinda upon arrival. As the Wicked Witch gets her hands on the Key to Oz and prepares to get her army through the door, she is killed by Charlie Bradbury with the Ruby Slippers when Dorothy identifies them as possessing Oz magic and being suitably sharp. Then Charlie closes the door before the winged monkeys can enter.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears as one of the villains in The Lego Batman Movie, voiced by Riki Lindhome who was uncredited for the role. She is depicted as an inmate of the Phantom Zone, the group of which she is part of is known as the Ubers. Upon Joker proposing his plan to escape the Phantom Zone and help him invade Gotham City and defeat Batman, the Wicked Witch of the West tells Joker «We’re listening.» When Harley Quinn steals the Phantom Zone Projector from Arkham Asylum’s evidence locker and frees Joker and the Phantom Zone inmates, the Wicked Witch of the West unleashes the Winged Monkeys to fly around and cause mayhem in Gotham City where Robin kicks them off the Bat-Plane. The Wicked Witch of the West also infiltrates Wayne Island along with Joker, Harley Quinn, and the other Phantom Zone inmates. She is defeated by Team Batman and their enemies in the end and sent back to the Phantom Zone.
- In the Amazon Prime animated series Lost in Oz, West (voiced by Nika Futterman) is the great, great granddaughter of the Wicked Witch of the West who journeys with Dorothy Gale (the descendant of the original), her pet dog Toto, and a medium-sized munchkin name Ojo to help her return to Kansas after she lands in the futuristic magical land of Oz. When she becomes greedy, her skin turns green as if she’s almost turning into her ancestor.
- The Wicked Witch of the West appears in Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz, voiced again by Laraine Newman. After she was melted, her spirit was imprisoned in her crystal ball. The Wicked Witch of the West had to have her niece Wilhelmina (voiced by Jessica DiCicco) and the flying monkeys on her niece’s side scheme to steal the Ruby Slippers that are needed to restore her.
- In the third volume of Shazam!, the Wicked Witch of the West came from the Wozenderlands and is a member of the Monster Society of Evil. She was among its members imprisoned in the Dungeon of Eternity within the Monsterlands until Mister Mind instructed Doctor Sivana on how to free them.[13] As Shazam fights the Mister Mind-controlled C.C. Batson, Freddy fights the Wicked Witch of the West and Jeepers. She does managed to use her spells to trap Eugene in some vines.[14] When Shazam defeats Mister Mind, the resulting magical energy knocked out the Wicked Witch of the West and the rest of the Monster Society of Evil. The Monster Society of Evil was mentioned to have been remanded to Rock Falls Penitentiary where the Shazam Family built a special section to contain magical threats.[15]
- The Wicket Witch of the West appeared in the 2021 film Space Jam: A New Legacy.[16][17] She is among the Warner Bros. Serververse inhabitants that watches the basketball match between the Tune Squad and the Goon Squad.
References[edit]
- ^ L. Frank Baum, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
- ^ Baum, L. Frank; Hearn, Michael Patrick. The Annotated Wizard of Oz, W. W. Norton & Company, 1976. p.231. ISBN 0-517-50086-8
- ^ Zimmermann, Denise; Gleason, Katherine A. The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Wicca and Witchcraft, 2nd Edition, Alpha, 2003. p.7. ISBN 1-59257-111-5
- ^ «AFI’s 100 Years …100 Heroes & Villains».
- ^ «90. The Wicked Witch of the West». Empire. Retrieved 4 December 2010.
- ^ Nissen, Axel (2007). Actresses of a Certain Character: Forty Familiar Hollywood Faces from the Thirties to the Fifties. McFarland & Company. pp. 196–202. ISBN 978-0-7864-2746-8. Archived from the original on August 1, 2020. Retrieved April 22, 2020.
- ^ Potempa, Philip (October 27, 2017). «Wicked Witch of the West not always a fright sight». Post-Tribune. Crown Point, IN: Chicago Tribune Media Group. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
- ^ Buckley, Michael (June 6, 2004). «STAGE TO SCREENS: A Chat with Wicked Nominee and TV Veteran Winnie Holzman». Playbill. Archived from the original on November 21, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
- ^ «Wicked – Script». MusicalSchwartz.com. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
- ^ Maguire, Gregory (1995). Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West. ReganBooks. ISBN 978-0-06-039144-7.
- ^ «Once Upon a Time: Rebecca Mader Is Playing The Wicked Witch of the West! See the Incredible First Photos». E!. December 15, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2014.
- ^ «Zelena». ABC. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
- ^ Shazam! Vol. 3 #11. DC Comics.
- ^ Shazam! Vol. 3 #13. DC Comics.
- ^ Shazam! Vol. 3 #14. DC Comics.
- ^ «Space Jam 2 Leaks Include Joker, Mask, Pennywise». 10 March 2020.
- ^ «Space Jam 2 Footage Leaks: Harry Potter, Wicked Witch, Joker, Mask». 11 March 2020.
External links[edit]
- Media related to Wicked Witch of the West at Wikimedia Commons
История персонажа
Бастинда — персонаж в сказке Александра Волкова «Волшебник Изумрудного города». Также упоминается в других произведениях детского писателя о Волшебной стране. По сюжету героиня — колдунья, которая правит Фиолетовой страной. В подчинении злой волшебницы находятся Мигуны. Персонаж не ладит со своей сестрой Гингемой.
История создания персонажа
Считается, что прообразом Бастинды стала Злая Ведьма Запада, появившаяся в сказке Лаймена Фрэнка Баума об удивительном Волшебнике из Страны Оз. Волков сохранил схожее описание своей героини и наделил волшебницу такими же качествами. Писатель добавил образу колдуньи большую реалистичность. Так, например, автор не стал вводить в текст фрагмент, сообщающий о том, что когда песик Элли, Тотошка, укусил Бастинду за ногу, у героини не потекла из раны кровь. Злость волшебницы была настолько сильна, что иссушила ее.
Кроме того, писатель добавил детали в главы, повествующие о нахождении девочки в подчинении у колдуньи. Была придумана и сюжетная линия с восстанием Мигунов, которой не было в тексте американского классика. В книге Александра Волкова две злые колдуньи являются сестрами, в то время как у Баума родственной связи между героинями нет. Но в американском фильме-экранизации, снятом режиссером Виктором Флемингом, Ведьмы Запада и Востока связаны сестринскими узами. Поэтому сложно сказать, придумал ли эту деталь советский писатель самостоятельно или позаимствовал из кинофильма.
Волков описывает героиню, как опасную злую ведьму, обладающую несносным характером. Сложно сказать, сколько лет волшебнице — когда Бастинда начала править Мигунами, то есть за 400 лет до событий, описанных в сказке, дама была уже стара. Помощником колдуньи является ее единственный глаз, способный видеть на большие расстояния. Больше всего на свете персонаж боится темноты и воды. Некогда героине предсказали гибель от воды, поэтому она 500 лет не прикасалась к водным источникам. Облик Бастинды представлен на картинках иллюстратора Леонида Владимирского.
Судьба и образ Бастинды
В Волшебной стране Бастинда оказалась одновременно с тремя другими волшебницами — Виллиной, Стеллой и Гингемой. Персонажи решили поделить между собой путем жребия границы территории. В результате Гингема стала править Голубой страной, где жили Жевуны, Стелла осталась в Розовой, Вилллина — в Желтой, а Бастинда — в Фиолетовой, с обитающими здесь Мигунами.
Злая волшебница умела управлять животными и птицами, а также имела власть над черными пчелами, которые наносили смертельные укусы. Особенно помогала колдунье в борьбе с «недоброжелателями» Золотая Шапка. Она давала хозяину возможность загадать три желания, выполнить которые должен отряд Летучих Обезьян.
Так, крылатые животные помогли Бастинде стать правительницей над Мигунами, а затем отразить атаку войска волшебника Гудвина, попытавшегося победить колдунью. Среди волшебного арсенала героини был и зонтик, способный перенести владелицу в любое место. Увидев, что девочка с друзьями приближается к ее владениям, волшебница поспешила обратиться к помощи подчиняющихся ей животных.
Первыми приказ уничтожить незваных гостей получили волки, но Железный Дровосек быстро справился с хищниками своим топором. Затем наступила очередь ворон с железными клювами — справиться с ними вызвался Страшила — ведь герой был огородным пугалом. Третьими путников атаковали черные пчелы — и на это раз друзья нашли способ спасения от опасности. Льва, Элли и Тотошку Страшила засыпал соломой, а Железному Дровосеку укусы ядовитых пчел были не страшны.
Видя, что арсенал волшебных средств заметно истощился, Бастинда отправила на бой с командой друзей Мигунов. Но стоило Трусливому Льву зарычать, как жители Фиолетовой страны убежали обратно. Узнав об этом, злая колдунья вынуждена была вызвать Летучих Обезьян, что очень ее злило. Ведь после третьего желания крылатые животные переставали подчиняться Бастинде. Но отступать было некуда — и на этот раз волшебнице удалось одержать победу.
Летучие Обезьяны скинули Железного Дровосека в пропасть, солому Страшилы развеяли по ветру, на Льва набросили сеть и доставили в замок Бастинды. Но убить Элли по приказу колдуньи они не смогли — ведь на девочке были волшебные серебряные башмачки. Волшебница отправила Элли работать на кухню, а Льва посадила в клетку. По ночам, боясь темноты, Бастинда запиралась в своей комнате и выходила оттуда только с лучами солнца. Этим пользовалась маленькая хозяйка Тотошки — ночью она приносила Льву еду и воду.
Колдунья страстно желала получить туфельки девочки — ведь тогда героиня стала бы более могущественной, чем была до того — с волками, пчелами и другими помощниками. Но Элли снимала обувь только ночью или когда купалась. Однажды, решив получить башмачки хитростью, колдунья натянула нитку в комнате, где работала девочка. Не заметив ловушки, Элли упала, и один башмачок слетел с ее ноги. Она стала просить волшебницу вернуть обувь, а когда та отказалась, в отчаянии окатила Бастинду водой из ведра. Неожиданно колдунья начала таять, и вскоре от нее осталась только одежда.
Бастинда в фильмах и книгах
Сказочный цикл об Изумрудном городе был продолжен писателем Сергеем Сухиновым. В версии автора столица Фиолетовой страны носит название Баста. Исследователи высказывают мнение, что тем самым в книге писатель объединил имя волшебницы Бастинды и название крепости-тюрьмы Бастилии, находящейся во Франции.
Впервые на экране Бастинда появляется в 1994 году в фильме «Волшебник Изумрудного города». Роль злой волшебницы (а также ее сестры Гингемы) исполнила актриса Наталья Варлей. В фильме использовались фразы из текста-оригинала. В российской комедии «Страна Оз», режиссером которой выступил Василий Сигарев, в образе Бастинды предстает артист Александр Баширов. В многосерийном мультфильме, снятом по мотивам сказки Волкова в 1973 году, злую героиню озвучил актер Вениамин Смехов.
Цитаты
Она ничего не знает о таинственной силе башмаков, — решила волшебница. — Если мне удастся завладеть ими, я стану могущественней, чем прежде, когда у меня были волки, вороны, черные пчелы и Золотая Шапка.
Как они к ней попали? — растерянно думала Бастинда. — Неужели хилая девчонка осилила могущественную Гингему, повелительницу Жевунов? И все же на ней башмачки! Плохо мое дело: ведь я пальцем не могу тронуть маленькую нахалку, пока на ней волшебные башмачки.
Эй ты, Лев, слушай! — прошамкала она. — Ты мой пленник! Я буду запрягать тебя в коляску и кататься по праздникам, чтобы Мигуны говорили: «Смотрите, какая могущественная наша повелительница Бастинда — она сумела запрячь даже Льва!»
Библиография
- 1939 — «Волшебник Изумрудного города»
Фильмография
- 1973 — «Волшебник Изумрудного города»
- 1994 — «Волшебник Изумрудного города»
- 2015 — «Страна Оз»
Гингема — злая волшебница, правительница Голубой страны Жевунов[1]. Приходится сестрой другой злой колдунье — Бастинде[2].
Статью о персонаже книг Сухинова смотрите здесь: Гингема.
Биография
Гингема перебралась в Волшебную страну из Большого мира практически одновременно с тремя другими волшебницами — Виллиной, Стеллой и Бастиндой. При разделе власти между феями, Гингеме, по воле жребия, досталась Голубая страна, которую она с лёгкостью покорила, вызвав, к вящему ужасу Жевунов, сильный ветер и чёрные тучи[3].
В книгах Сухинова указано, что Гингема родом из Франции. Она выдавала себя за герцогиню и собиралась женить на себе короля Луи (возможно Людовика). Но ей помешала его мать, которая слышала, что герцогиня ведьма. Гингеме пришлось спасаться. Она перелетела через океан в Америку, где намеревалась поселиться в Волшебной стране, которую создал Торн (у Александра Волкова Гуррикап).
Став правительницей, Гингема держала Жевунов в страхе и повиновении, заставляя их платить дань лягушками, пауками, змеями, пиявками и т.п. Эту дань злая ведьма, отличавшаяся своеобразными гастрономическими предпочтениями, употребляла в пищу, а также использовала в качестве ингредиентов для своих колдовских зелий. В прочие дела Жевунского народа колдунья не вмешивалась[3]. Жила Гингема в промозглой и мрачной пещере.
Незадолго до начала основных событий сказочного цикла, Гингема обзавелась помощником. Служить ей вызвался нелюдимый и злобный столяр Урфин Джюс, ненавидевший своих соплеменников[4]. По заданию Гингемы, Урфин занимался сбором податей с Жевунов.
Помимо Урфина, в подчинении у Гингемы имелось несколько филинов. Также в её пещере обитала большая змея[5].
Одно из злодеяний Гингемы кардинально переменило судьбу Железного Дровосека. Дровосек, бывший в ту пору ещё обычным человеком «из мяса и костей», задумал жениться на одной юной девушке. Но у девушки была злая тётка, не желавшая этого брака. Тётка обратилась к волшебнице Гингеме, и та, за щедрую мзду, заколдовала топор Дровосека. Когда Дровосек работал, топор внезапно отскочил и отрубил своему владельцу ногу. Однако среди знакомых Дровосека нашёлся искусный кузнец, сделавший ему ногу из железа. Гингема не угомонилась. Она вновь и вновь накладывала зловещие чары на топор, и постепенно все части тела Дровосека, включая голову, пришлось заменить на железные. Единственное, чего не сумел сделать кузнец, так это сердца, а без сердца Дровосек потерял способность любить. Поэтому, в итоге, Гингема одержала верх — свадьба Дровосека с его невестой расстроилась[6]. Но злодейке и этого было мала, и тогда, волшебница вызвала дождь когда Железный Дровосек рубил дерево в лесу, от чего он заржавел и простоял на одном месте целый год, с поднятым топором в руках.
Вмешательство Гингемы сыграло важную роль и в жизни лисьего короля Тонконюха Шестнадцатого. Когда он был ещё маленьким лисёнком, Гингема вынула его из материнской норки и отправила своей сестре Бастинде в качестве подарка (в стране Бастинды совсем не было лисиц)[2]. Но после нескольких лет плена Тонконюху удалось сбежать от Бастинды, причём он прихватил с собой волшебный серебряный обруч, делавший невидимым своего обладателя.
Однажды Гингема решила уничтожить весь род людской (чтобы населить землю «лягушками, мышками, змейками, паучками») и вызвала чудовищный смертоносный ураган[5]. Однако об этом вовремя прознала добрая волшебница Виллина. Она сумела нейтрализовать ураган, позволив вихрю захватить лишь один маленький домик (в котором, по случайности, оказались девочка Элли с пёсиком Тотошкой). Повинуясь магии Виллины, ураган обрушил этот домик-фургон на голову злой Гингемы. Гингема погибла[7].
Серебряные башмачки
Из всего своего волшебного имущества Гингема больше всего ценила серебряные башмачки[4]. Они обладали множеством чудесных свойств и, в том числе, могли за три шага перенести своего владельца хоть на край света[8]. После смерти колдуньи эти башмачки достались Элли Смит. Однако девочка не знала, в чём состоит их секрет. Поэтому ей пришлось проделать длинное путешествие по Волшебной стране, прежде чем фея Стелла подсказала ей, как при помощи серебряных башмачков вернуться на родину. Элли воспользовалась советом Стеллы и волшебство башмачков перенесло девочку в Канзас, к папе и маме. К сожалению, на последнем третьем шаге чудесные башмачки потерялись[9].
Чёрные камни Гингемы
Чёрные камни Гингемы играют важную роль в сюжете сказок «Урфин Джюс и его деревянные солдаты», «Огненный бог Марранов» и «Тайна заброшенного замка».
За несколько столетий до своей гибели Гингема окружила всю Волшебную страну цепью магических Чёрных камней[10]. Эти камни обладали удивительным свойством притягивать к себе всё, что попадало в поле их действия. Огромные чёрные валуны, расставленные в нескольких милях один от другого в пустыне за чертой Кругосветных гор, служили дополнительной преградой для путников, желавших пройти в Волшебную страну. Камни притягивали неосторожных странников и удерживали их около себя, пока те не умирали от жажды в знойной пустыне. При этом на жителей Волшебной страны сила камней не распространялась, равно как и на всех тех, кто хотел покинуть Волшебный край.
Ещё одной отличительной чертой Чёрных камней была надпись «ГИНГЕМА» большими кривыми буквами на боку каждого из них.
У одного из таких камней застряли Элли, Чарли Блек и Тотошка, когда шли на выручку к Страшиле и Дровосеку из Канзаса[11]. Сухопутный корабль, на котором двигались путешественники, потерял управление и разбился о Чёрный камень. Моряк и девочка, сколько ни пытались, так и не смогли отойти от камня больше, чем на несколько сотен шагов: магическая сила тянула их назад[12]. Спасла пленников ворона Кагги-Карр[13], доставившая им по совету волшебницы Виллины кисть чудесного винограда, способного пересилить чары камня[14].
Примерно десять лет спустя у Чёрных камней едва не погибла Энни, младшая сестра Элли. Энни и её друг Тим ехали в Волшебную страну на механических мулах. О заслоне из Чёрных камней дети были наслышаны, и у них был заготовлен план, как преодолеть магическую преграду: по совету Элли они рассчитывали проехать точно посередине между двумя камнями, надеясь, что при таком положении вещей сила камней взаимно уничтожится. Однако что-то в их расчётах оказалось неверно, и, проезжая между камнями, дети почувствовали, что магическое притяжение влечёт их влево. Не выдержав, Энни упала с мула, и злое волшебство Гингемы заставило её бежать прямо к камню. Там бы она и осталась навеки, если бы верный Тим, уже почти выбравшийся из зоны риска, не повернул своего мула назад и не подхватил перепуганную Энни к себе на седло. Однако энергии мула хватило, чтобы выбраться из опасного места даже под двойной ношей[15].
Через три года после этих событий Чёрными камнями попытались воспользоваться Пришельцы-менвиты, стремившиеся захватить Волшебную страну, а за ней и весь мир. Менвитское командование решило расположить на Чёрных камнях Гингемы радарные установки с самонаводящимися пушками, чтобы не допустить проникновения в Волшебную страну посетителей из Большого мира. До этого пушки менвитов размещались на скалах Кругосветных гор[16], но это пришлось не по нраву обитавшим в горах гигантским орлам. Раненый пушечным выстрелом орлёнок Гориэк в гневе уничтожил одно из смертоносных орудий вместе с радаром[17]. В результате, по предложению Кау-Рука было решено перенести установки за пределы Кругосветных гор и разместить их на Чёрных камнях. Однако менвиты не подозревали о волшебной силе камней. Когда вертолётчики под руководством полковника Мон-Со перенесли пушки на Чёрные камни, оказалось, что улететь оттуда не так-то просто. Притяжение камней не отпускало от себя вертолёты, заставляло их выделывать в воздухе невообразимые пируэты, выдёргивало пилотов из кабин. Спас лётчиков Мон-Со, вытянув их вертолёты из опасной зоны, один за другим, при помощи троса, привязанного к его собственной машине. Но среди всей этой суматохи Мон-Со забыл подключить к радарам и пушкам источники питания, а возвращаться к камням никто из менвитов не пожелал. Поэтому с тех пор система радаров бездействовала[10].
Ещё один раз могуществом Чёрных камней воспользовался Урфин Джюс, задавшийся целью выманить у менвитского генерала Баан-Ну его коллекцию изумрудов, с помощью которых можно было бы освободить от власти менвитов покорённых ими рабов-арзаков. Урфин добрался до одного из Чёрных камней вместе с тачкой, разложил вокруг каменной глыбы костёр, и та, оплавившись, развалилась на множество обломков, причём на каждом булыжнике оказалась надпись «Гингема». После этого, в несколько рейсов, Джюс перевёз обломки камня к своему дому. (Остаётся, правда, загадкой, каким образом Урфину удалось преодолеть черту Кругосветных гор, да ещё с тачкой, груженной камнями; вероятнее всего эти детали объясняются тем, что итоговый текст сказки «Тайна заброшенного замка», изданной уже после смерти Волкова, дорабатывали и готовили к печати другие люди, недостаточно хорошо знавшие географию Волшебной страны.) Затем Джюс распустил в менвитском лагере слух, что в замке Гуррикапа (который Пришельцы превратили в свою базу) спрятан старинный клад, замурованный камнем с надписью «Гингема». Разумеется, для успеха своего предприятия, Урфин заменил несколько обветшалых камней в стене замка на булыжники с «автографом» Гингемы. Вскоре в расставленную ловушку попался генерал Баан-Ну, и пока Чёрный камень держал генерала, Урфину удалось пробраться к тому в кабинет и выкрасть оттуда изумруды[18].
Любопытно, что магия Чёрных камней не утратила силы, несмотря на гибель Гингемы. Это позволяет предположить, что после смерти злой колдуньи где-то сохранилась её волшебная книга, и только уничтожение этой книги заставит камни Гингемы потерять силу. По крайней мере именно после сожжения волшебной книги погибшей Арахны закончилось всё её колдовство, перестал летать волшебный коврик[19] и невозможно стало вызвать Жёлтый Туман даже в случае острой необходимости[20].
Мнения литературных критиков и работа автора над персонажем
Перерабатывая сказку Л. Ф. Баума «Удивительный Волшебник из Страны Оз» для создания своего «Волшебника Изумрудного города», Волков заметно увеличил роль Гингемы по сравнению с её прообразом, Злой Ведьмой Востока. Как отмечает Н. В. Латова, сделанные добавления позволили внести в сказку больше логики и снизить элемент случайности; в частности, в сказке появился мотив «целенаправленного контрколдовства»[21]: злая Гингема вызывает магический ураган, чтобы уничтожить весь род людской, а добрая волшебница Виллина обезвреживает этот ураган и направляет подхваченный им домик Элли на голову самой Гингемы. У Баума же Злая Ведьма Востока не была причастна к возникновению урагана, а Добрая Волшебница Севера (прообраз Виллины) никоим образом не воздействовала на ураган и не направляла его против злой феи.
В свою очередь критик М. С. Петровский отмечает, что в Волковской версии сюжета Гингема погибает фактически по собственной злой воле, поскольку домик ей на голову обрушивается ею же вызванным ураганом.[22]
Б. А. Бегак усматривает в сцене гибели Гингемы под ударом домика Элли подтверждение своему тезису о сосредоточении чудес вокруг главной героини сказки «Волшебник Изумрудного города», маленькой девочки Элли, которая, будучи обычным ребёнком, никаких чудес сама не совершает, однако невольно становится их причиной и центром притяжения.[23]
Прообраз Гингемы
Прообразом Гингемы является Злая Ведьма Востока из сказки Л. Ф. Баума «Удивительный Волшебник из Страны Оз»[24][25][26] (см. также таблицу соответствия персонажей Баума и Волкова). Роль Ведьмы Востока в этой книге во многом схожа с ролью Гингемы в «Волшебнике Изумрудного города». Имеется, однако, и ряд отличий:
- Собственное имя Злой Ведьмы Востока (если оно у неё вообще было) в книгах Баума ни разу не называется.[27]
- Ураган, принёсший домик Дороти (прообраз Элли) в Страну Оз, был «природного» происхождения и не имел никакого отношения к колдовству Ведьмы Востока. Сцена, где Гингема колдует в пещере, является полностью «волковским» добавлением[28], да и сама пещера как обиталище злой феи — у Баума тоже не упоминается.
- При переработке сказки в 1959 году Волков убрал излишне натуралистическую сцену (первоначально переведенную в соответствии со сказкой Баума), в которой ноги погибшей волшебницы, обутые в серебряные башмачки, торчали из-под упавшего на неё домика. Теперь труп Гингемы в книгах Волкова остаётся вне поля зрения героев; даже когда в книге «Жёлтый Туман» дуболомы увозят домик Элли в Изумрудный город, об останках Гингемы ничего не говорится[29]. Соответственно, отсутствует у Волкова и эпизод с исчезновением ног Злой Ведьмы: согласно объяснению Доброй Волшебницы Севера (прообраз Виллины), Ведьма Востока была настолько стара, что быстро высохла на солнце, обратившись в пыль[30]. В ранних изданиях этот эпизод был, но объяснялся тем, что Гингема боялась света. А серебряные башмачки, по Волкову (начиная с издания 1959 года), приносит Элли Тотошка, обнаруживший их в пещере Гингемы.
- Поедание Гингемой мышей, лягушек, пауков и т. п., а также сбор подобной живности в качестве дани с Жевунов — тоже «волковское» добавление (начиная с издания 1941 года). Между прочим, если по Волкову тётка невесты Дровосека сулит Гингеме, чтобы та расстроила свадьбу, корзину жирных пиявок, то по Бауму Злой Ведьме Востока обещаны отнюдь не пиявки, а две овцы и корова[31], как и в первоиздании Волкова 1939-го года («обещала ей корову и двух баранов»).
- В сказке Баума Злые Ведьмы Востока и Запада не были сёстрами, как Гингема и Бастинда у Волкова. Впрочем, родство между Ведьмами упоминается в знаменитом фильме Виктора Флеминга «Волшебник Страны Оз» (1939), поэтому неизвестно, заимствовал ли Волков эту сюжетную деталь из фильма или придумал самостоятельно.
- Все сведения, которые читатель узнаёт о Гингеме из следующих книг Волкова (приход колдуньи в Волшебную страну из Большого мира, выбор Голубой страны по жребию, сооружение заслона из Чёрных камней, приём в услужение Урфина Джюса, похищение лисёнка Тонконюха и т. д.), — не имеют аналогов в сиквелах Баума.
Стоит отметить, что «волковская» Гингема — не единственное творческое «перевоплощение» Злой Ведьмы Востока. В широко известном произведении Г. Магвайра «Ведьма: Жизнь и времена Западной колдуньи из Страны Оз» персонаж Ведьмы Востока представлен под именем Нессарозы[32].
Производные от имени
В сказке «Тайна заброшенного замка» бывший король Ментахо, попавший в плен к Пришельцам, называет Гингемией и Бастиндией придуманные им королевства, чтобы ввести в заблуждение инопланетного генерала Баан-Ну[16].
В серии пародийных романов о Порри Гаттере А. В. Жвалевского и И. Е. Мытько сестру главного героя зовут Гингема Гаттер и говориться, что её назвали в честь родственницы.[33]
В короткой повести Пехова «Последняя осень» упоминается Гингема, как одна из способных волшебниц волшебного мира наряду с Мерлином и Черномором.
Киновоплощения
В фильме «Волшебник Изумрудного города» (1994 г., режиссёр Павел Арсенов) в роли Гингемы (а также Бастинды) снялась актриса Наталья Варлей.[34]
Гингема в музеях
Несколько экспонатов, изображающих Гингему, содержатся в Музее Изумрудного города, расположенном в Центральной городской детской библиотеке им. А. П. Гайдара.[35]
В Музее Александра Волкова, открытом в Томском государственном педагогическом университете, предусмотрена экспозиция Пещеры Гингемы.[36]
Гингема в книгах других авторов
Образ Гингемы неоднократно заимствовался различными авторами сказочного, фэнтезийного и научно-фантастического жанра. Так, Гингема является одним из значимых персонажей в нескольких книгах Сергея Сухинова («Дочь Гингемы» (1997), «Гудвин, Великий и Ужасный» (2001) и др.). В отличие от образа, созданного Волковым, Сухиновская Гингема несколько ближе к традициям русского фольклора: например, она, подобно Бабе-Яге, летает в ступе, чего не было у Волкова.
Не обошёл вниманием Гингему и Юрий Кузнецов. В его книге «Изумрудный дождь» (1992) даётся также новая трактовка происхождению Чёрных камней Гингемы, что имеет ключевое значение для сюжета.
Книги Николая Бахнова «В ловушке морского чудовища» (1996), «Змея с янтарными глазами» (1997), «Сокровище изумрудных пчёл» (1998), «Проклятие драконьих королей» (1999), «Фальшивая фея» (2000), «Украденное царство зверей» (2003) и др. также содержат отсылки к образу Гингемы.
Имя Гингема носит главная героиня дилогии Аллы Рут (псевдоним Ирины Сербжинской) «Тёмный день».
Персонаж Гингема фигурирует в пьесе Леонида Владимирского «Гудвин — Волшебник Изумрудного города», созданной по мотивам сказочной повести А. Волкова «Волшебник Изумрудного города».
Также Гингема была активно задействована американским писателем Марком Лаумером, одним из многочисленных авторов «озианы». М. Лаумер в своих книгах пытался совместить реалии Баумовской Страны Оз и Волшебной страны Волкова, поэтому безымянная по Бауму Злая Ведьма Востока носит у Лаумера имя Гингема, взятое из «вселенной» Волкова. Более того, в книге «Тётя Эм и Дядя Генри в Стране Оз» (1983) основой сюжета Лаумер делает постепенное расследование тайны гибели Гингемы, в результате которого выявляется тождество Гингемы с другим персонажем сказки — Тётей Эм (в частности, имя Тёти Эм по мере раскрытия тайны претерпевает в книге Лаумера следующие метаморфозы: Эм >> Эмма >> Гемма >> Гингемма).[37][38]
Гингема в учебном процессе
Разбор образа Гингемы присутствует во множестве методических разработок, предназначенных для преподавателей начальной и средней школы, в том числе в методическом плане «Литературное путешествие» для учителей МБОУ «Клепечихинская СОШ»[39], в методической программе МОУ СОШ № 3 ст. Старощербиновская Краснодарского края «Путешествие по книгам А. Волкова для учащихся 4-5 классов» (автор С. В. Калугина)[40], плане-конспекте урока чтения МОУ СОШ № 18 г. Уфы «Путешествие по Волшебной стране» (автор Н. В. Якушина)[41], программе урока внеклассного чтения ГУО СОШ № 26 г. Гродно «Путешествие в волшебную страну» (автор Н. И. Кулакова)[42], в методической подборке «Уроки внеклассного чтения» СОШ № 19 г. Старый Оскол (автор Т. Молчанова)[43] и др.[44][45][46][47][48] Вопросы, посвящённые Гингеме, содержатся также в методическом плане «КВН по произведениям А. Волкова „Волшебник Изумрудного города“ и др.» (автор Н. В. Брюханова), использующемся в учебном процессе в МОУ гимназии № 1 города Мончегорска, Мурманской области.[49]
Появления
- «Волшебник Изумрудного города»
- «Урфин Джюс и его деревянные солдаты» (флешбек)
- «Семь подземных королей» (флешбек)
- «Огненный бог Марранов» (упоминание)
- «Жёлтый Туман» (упоминание)
- «Тайна заброшенного замка» (упоминание)
Галерея
рис. Е. Лопатиной
рис. И. Бодровой
Гингема из советского мультика
Пещера Гингемы, рис. Чижикова
Пещера Гингемы. Иллюстрация Анны Власовой
Гингема. Илл. Виктора Бахтина
Гингема. Илл. Alex
рис. В. Коркина
Гингема варит зелье. Илл. Владимира Канивца
Примечания
- ↑ Überall ist Zauberland. Die Märchenreihe von A bis Z. — Leiv Buchhandels — U. Verlagsanst., 1998. — ISBN 978-3-89603-007-8.
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 А. М. Волков, «Огненный бог Марранов», гл. «Драгоценный талисман».
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 А. М. Волков, «Семь подземных королей», гл. «Ещё несколько страниц из истории Волшебной страны».
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 А. М. Волков, «Урфин Джюс и его деревянные солдаты», гл. «Одинокий столяр».
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 А. М. Волков, «Волшебник Изумрудного города», гл. «Ураган».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Волшебник Изумрудного города», гл. «Спасение Железного Дровосека».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Волшебник Изумрудного города», гл. «Элли в удивительной стране Жевунов».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Волшебник Изумрудного города», гл. «Стелла, вечно юная волшебница Розовой страны».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Волшебник Изумрудного города», гл. «Заключение».
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 А. М. Волков, «Тайна заброшенного замка», гл. «Снова Чёрные камни Гингемы».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Урфин Джюс и его деревянные солдаты», гл. «Через пустыню».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Урфин Джюс и его деревянные солдаты», гл. «В плену у Чёрного камня».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Урфин Джюс и его деревянные солдаты», гл. «Спасение».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Урфин Джюс и его деревянные солдаты», гл. «Долина чудесного винограда».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Огненный бог Марранов», гл. «Долина чудесного винограда».
- ↑ 16,0 16,1 А. М. Волков, «Тайна заброшенного замка», гл. «Установка радаров».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Тайна заброшенного замка», гл. «Схватка Гориэка».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Тайна заброшенного замка», гл. «Урфин помогает арзакам».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Жёлтый Туман», гл. «Возвращение».
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Тайна заброшенного замка», гл. «Как бороться с менвитами?».
- ↑ Н. В. Латова, «Чему учит сказка? (О российской ментальности)» // Общественные науки и современность. 2002. № 2. С. 180—191.
- ↑ М. С. Петровский, «Правда и иллюзии Страны Оз» // «Книги нашего детства». М.: 1986. С. 258.
- ↑ Б. А. Бегак, «Правда сказки». М.: 1989. С. 68-69.
- ↑ К. Митрохина. Две такие разные волшебные страны. Приключения Дороти Гейл в Советском Союзе // «Первое сентября», 2001, № 82.
- ↑ И. М. Лупанова. Полвека: Очерки по истории советской детской литературы. М.: Детская литература, 1969.
- ↑ П. Тюленев. Миры. Мир Александра Волкова. Изумрудный город // «Мир фантастики». Ноябрь 2005. № 27.
- ↑ Jack Snow. Who’s Who in Oz. Chicago, Reilly & Lee, 1954; New York, Peter Bedrick Books, 1988.
- ↑ Т. В. Галкина, «Незнакомый Александр Волков в воспоминаниях, письмах и документах». С. 154.
- ↑ А. М. Волков, «Жёлтый Туман», гл. «Рождение великана Тилли-Вилли».
- ↑ Л. Ф. Баум, «Удивительный Волшебник из Страны Оз», гл. «Разговор с Жевунами».
- ↑ Л. Ф. Баум, «Удивительный Волшебник из Страны Оз», гл. «Ещё несколько страниц из истории Волшебной страны».
- ↑ Г. Магвайр, «Ведьма: Жизнь и времена Западной колдуньи из страны Оз», гл. «Бок» и др.
- ↑ А. В. Жвалевский, И. Е. Мытько, «Порри Гаттер. Всё!». М.: Время. 2007.
- ↑ Т. В. Галкина, «Незнакомый Александр Волков в воспоминаниях, письмах и документах». С. 187.
- ↑ Алла Ануфриева, «Художник Изумрудного города».
- ↑ Инна Кузьмина, «Самое трудное ответить на детские вопросы» // АиФ-Томск. 2007. 24 января. № 4.
- ↑ Stephen J. Teller, Review of «Aunt Em and Uncle Henry in Oz: A Traditional Tale of Oz» // The Baum Bugle, Autumn 1990.
- ↑ March Laumer, «Aunt Em and Uncle Henry in Oz: A Traditional Tale of Oz». Vanitas Press. 1983. 181 pp.
- ↑ Каталог файлов — Школьный сайт
- ↑ http://st-sh3.narod.ru/learn/kn6.doc
- ↑ http://pedagog21weka.ucoz.ru/puteshestvie_po_volshebnoj_strane.doc
- ↑ Методичка — Методсовет
- ↑ «Начальная школа». Издательский дом «Первое сентября»
- ↑ А.Волков. Волшебник Изумрудного города (4-й класс) :: Статьи Фестиваля «Открытый урок»
- ↑ Литературная викторина по книге А.М.Волкова «Волшебник Изумрудного города» — Внеклассная работа — Каталог файлов — Сайт учителя начальных классов Ольги Чиркиной
- ↑ Викторина по сказкам А.Волкова о приключениях Элли, Тотошки и др. — Татьяна Александровна Шевченко
- ↑ Волшебная страна Александра Волкова — 29 Мая 2009 — Викторины — Викторины сказочные
- ↑ «Педсовет», 2003. № 5.
- ↑ http://ped-soob-gimnazia.narod.ru/nach/nazalo/vneklassnaia/kvn/kvn1.doc
Источники
- Волков, Александр Мелентьевич. Волшебник Изумрудного города; Урфин Джюс и его деревянные солдаты. — Кишинёв: Литература Артистикэ, 1985. — 301 с. — (Сказочные повести о Волшебной стране). — 400,000 экз.
- Волков, Александр Мелентьевич. Семь подземных королей; Огненный бог Марранов. — Кишинёв: Литература Артистикэ, 1986. — 319 с. — (Сказочные повести о Волшебной стране). — 400,000 экз.
- Волков, Александр Мелентьевич. Жёлтый туман; Тайна заброшенного замка. — Кишинёв: Литература Артистикэ, 1987. — 316 с. — (Сказочные повести о Волшебной стране). — 400,000 экз.
- Баум, Лаймен Фрэнк. Удивительный Волшебник Страны Оз; Дороти и Волшебник в Стране Оз. — Московский Рабочий, 1993. — 319 с. — (Книги нашего детства). — 100,000 экз. — ISBN 5-239-01623-2.
- Магвайр, Грегори. Ведьма: Жизнь и времена Западной колдуньи из Страны Оз. — АСТ, АСТ Москва, Хранитель, 2008. — 416 с. — (Монохром). — 3,000 экз. — ISBN 978-5-17-040437-7, 978-5-9713-6760-4, 978-5-9762-2236-6.
- Жвалевский, Андрей Валентинович; Мытько, Игорь Евгеньевич. Порри Гаттер. Всё! — М.: Время, 2007. — 912 с. — ISBN 978-5-9691-0231-6.
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Jack Snow. «Who’s Who in Oz», Chicago, Reilly & Lee, 1954; New York, Peter Bedrick Books, 1988.
- М. С. Петровский. «Книги нашего детства». М., 1986.
- Т. В. Галкина. «Незнакомый Александр Волков в воспоминаниях, письмах и документах» / Т. В. Галкина ; Том. гос. пед. ун-т. — Томск : [Изд-во Том. гос. пед. ун-та], 2006. — 268 с. — ISBN 5-89428-206-3.
- К. Митрохина. «Две такие разные волшебные страны. Приключения Дороти Гейл в Советском Союзе» // Первое сентября, 2001, № 82.
- И. М. Лупанова. «Полвека: Очерки по истории советской детской литературы». М.: Детская литература, 1969.
- Überall ist Zauberland. Die Märchenreihe von A bis Z. — Leiv Buchhandels — U. Verlagsanst., 1998. — ISBN 978-3-89603-007-8.
- Stephen J. Teller. Review of «Aunt Em and Uncle Henry in Oz: A Traditional Tale of Oz» // The Baum Bugle, Autumn 1990.
- March Laumer. «Aunt Em and Uncle Henry in Oz: A Traditional Tale of Oz». Vanitas Press. 1983. 181 pp.
- Н. В. Латова. Чему учит сказка? (О российской ментальности) // Общественные науки и современность. 2002. № 2. С. 180—191.
- П. Тюленев. Миры. Мир Александра Волкова. Изумрудный город // «Мир фантастики». Ноябрь 2005. № 27.
- А. Ануфриева. Художник Изумрудного города.
- И. Кузьмина. Самое трудное ответить на детские вопросы // АиФ-Томск. 2007. 24 января. № 4.
- Б. А. Бегак. Правда сказки. М.: 1989. С. 68-69.
См. также
- Список персонажей книг Волкова о Волшебной стране — общий перечень с краткими описаниями.
- Дочь Гингемы — фантастическая повесть С. С. Сухинова
Ссылки
- Персонажи Волкова на Форуме «Изумрудный город»
- Подробности
-
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Бастинда — злая волшебница из страны Оз, повелительница Фиолетовой страны
Бастинда — злая волшебница из сказки «Волшебник изумрудного города», управляющая Фиолетовой страной в которых жили Мигуны. Сестра Гингемы. В отличии от нее Бастинда не обладала особым талантом колдовства. Ее сила заключалась во власти над сорока волками, сорока воронами с железным клювом и стаей черных пчел. Кроме того, она обладала золотой шапкой.
«Владелец шапки мог когда угодно вызвать могучее племя летучих обезьян и заставить выполнить их любое приказание. Но шапку можно было употреблять только три раза, а Бастинда до этого уже дважды призывала летучих обезьян. В первый раз она с их помощью стала повелительницей страны мигунов, а во второй раз отбила войска Гудвина ужасного, который пытался освободить Фиолетовую страну от ее власти.»
Когда друзья пошли к Бастинде, она потеряла и волков, и ворон, и пчел.
«— Не стоит, — ответил Железный Дровосек. — Это мое дело управиться с волками. Я им устрою хорошую встречу!
И он вышел вперед. Когда вожак подбежал к Железному Дровосеку, широко разевая красную пасть, Дровосек взмахнул остро отточенным топором — и голова волка отлетела. Волки бежали вереницей, один за другим; как только следующий бросился на Железного Дровосека, тот уже был наготове с поднятым кверху топором, и голова волка упала наземь.
Сорок свирепых волков было у Бастинды, и сорок раз поднимал Железный Дровосек свой топор. И когда он поднял его в сорок первый раз, ни одного волка не осталось в живых: все они лежали у ног Железного Дровосека.»
«Вороны со злобным карканьем понеслись навстречу путникам. Завидев их, Элли перепугалась. Но Страшила сказал:
— С этими управиться — мое дело! Ведь недаром же я воронье пугало! Становитесь сзади меня! — И он нахлобучил шляпу на голову, широко расставил руки и принял вид заправского пугала.
Вороны растерялись и нестройно закружились в воздухе. Но вожак стаи хрипло прокаркал:
— Чего испугались? Чучело набито соломой! Вот я ему сейчас задам!
И вожак хотел сесть Страшиле на голову, но тот поймал его за крыло и мигом свернул ему шею. Другая ворона бросилась вслед, и ей также Страшила свернул шею. Сорок хищных ворон было у злой Бастинды, и всем свернул шеи храбрый Страшила и побросал их в кучу.»
«Туча пчел с яростным жужжанием набросилась на Железного Дровосека. Дровосек улыбнулся: пчелы ломали ядовитые жала о железо и тотчас умирали, так как пчелы не могут жить без жала. Они падали, на их место налетали другие и также пытались вонзить жала в железное тело Дровосека. Скоро все пчелы лежали мертвыми на земле, как куча черных угольков.»
Для победы над ними ей пришлось использовать третье желание. После этого ее сила уменьшилась. Но она заметила серебрянные башмачки у Элли и с помощью их надеялась стать еще сильнее.
Но у Бастинды было слабое место. Она боялась воды и 500 лет к ней не прикасалась. Когда она попыталась отобрать башмачки у Элли, та вылила на нее грязную воду.
«Голос волшебницы прервался, она с шипением осела на пол, и через минуту от нее осталась только грязноватая лужица, в которой лежали платье волшебницы, зонтик, пряди седых волос и серебряный башмачок.»
Волшебник Изумрудного города. Сказка Волкова